ft
patismmtth Journal
C W. SHIlIilTIAIV, Publisher.
TLATTSMOUTH,
s x NEBRASKA.
LOVE'S PKOBLEAL
How It Was Settled for Riohard
and Maxina.
"Mr. Walton."
"Madam."
"What is your honest opinion about
love?"
"About love? Why bnt you are not
thinking' of proposing, are you?"
"Not yet."
Then they both burst into laughter;
for the younff man, as he made that
reference to proposing-, shifted his po
sition away from his companion with
an air of alarm; the result being' that
the little table on which he was seated
toppled over, and he unexpectedly
found a seat on the grass instead.
"Miss Mulgrove," said he, when
their mirth had subsided, and he was
beginning1 to gather up the materials
out of which he had been constructing
a toy yacht for her small brother,
-"you observe that chance has supplied
an appropriate answer: the very men
tion of love upsets me."
"But it has brought you to your
knees as welL"
"1 beg your pardon; it is duty that
has brought me to my knees, not love.
I have promised Tommy that his boat
hall be finished this morning, and
now I can't find the rudder bother
the thing!"
There it is!" exclaimed Tommy's
Bister, darting from her seat, and pick
ing the missing article from out a long
tuft of grass.
When order was restored once more,
and they had resumed their tasks he
working at the little vessel with all a
sailor's cunning, 6he making for it the
Bails that he had planned there was
silence between them for some min
utes. At last Walton spoke in meditative
fashion, showing that his mind had
been pondering1 her unexpected ques
tion: "I am inclined to think that love,
nowadays, is too often unreal; it has
lost its simplicity and spontaneous
ness. because so much is made of it in
fiction."
"That is exactly what I have felt
myself," said Marina Mulgrove, quick
ly. "And I think we women are
chiefly to blame. We all know, in our
hearts, that modern civilization
doesn't admit of much romance in real
life, and yet we are not a bit satisfied
unless men make love to us in a high
ly sentimental way. It is delightful
if papa and mamma object; we get an
opportunity to pose like the heroine of
three volumes, and it is delightful, too.
If the dear man who offers his heart
and wants ours seems in a fearful
state of agony while we are thinking
whether the exchange is worth mak
ing; and the worst of all is, there is no
honorable retreat for either of the en
gaged ones, even if they find, on bet
ter acquaintance, that they don t like
each other well enough to get mar
ried. No; the novelist has decided
that true love is eternal, and there
fore the poor wretches submit to
their fate. The girl especially is afraid
to return her engagement ring, be
cause she has read so much about the
frightful effect of jilting a man. He
was the pink of perfection yesterday;
to-morrow, if she says she has changed
her mind, and does not care to get
married, he begins life anew as a
scoundrel, or is a hopeless drunkard in
six months' time."
"When, instead of anything of the
sort happening, the poor fellow would
jump for joy to get his discharge,"
aid Walton. "But that novelist has
decided for him that the girl must
necessarily break her beart, or end her
days as a miserable spinster; so he
also is afraid to speak his mind."
"And bo they get married and lead a
cat-and-dog life," said Marina, pen
bivel But how is this state of things to
be altered. Miss Mulgrove? You have
thought so much about the problems of
modern society. Is there any way of
making marriage a safer transaction
for both parties? You see, we can't
abolish love, but the calamity of mar
riage might be might be "
"Avoided?" inquired Marina, calmly.
"No; we must recognize the inevita
ble, I fear; but something might be
done, surely, to moderate its evils."
"Well, what should you say to a
seven or ten years' lease instead of
the present life-long contract?"
"Let me see, how would that work?"
said the 3-oung sailor musingly. "I
marry you don't be alarmed; the case
is purely hypothetical and at the end
of seven years you have had enough of
me. But although you may then be
glad of your liberty, your chances in
the matrimonial market cannot be,
seven years hence, as good as they are
now. That is a difficulty, isn't it?"
"Yes, sir; and allow me to say that
your chances, will not be any better
than mine, if I can help it."
"Miss Mulgrove. you are feminine,
and not philosophic." interrupted Wal
ton, with severity.
"Pardon me; I am merely practical.
At the end of those seven years you
will certainly try to marry again; and
the next lady of your choice will nat
urally come to me for references."
"I'm that will be awkward. A
g-enuine widower is snapped up by tho
Bex without inquiries out of sheer
sympathy but this widower, by ar
rangement, must needs be armed with
first-class testimonials from his previ
ous partner."
"Of course," said she with a mischiev
ous smile.
"Still, there is this to be said
couples will have all the more reason
for renewing the lease with each
other, because of these unpleasant
consequences we have been discossing.
Ir fact, in the majority of cases it
seems probable that the partnership
would be a lifelong one, just as it is
now."
a C7tor''?tn be'ir-raimocrat and not
f our stripe polit'callv. but honor be
T " unto him unto whom Lorjor is due,
and Mr. Travis' recorrtis one that the
"Only they wo uld, to make that cer
tain, always be obliged to be nice to
each other," said the young1 lady,
mockingly.
"How dreadful!"
"However there would be an entire
ly new theme for tea-table gossip.
That would be at least one advantage
of the new matrimonial method. 'Mr.
and Mrs. So-and-So's lease will shortly
expire. I wonder if they intend to re
new? Neither of them has said a word
yet. How are they behaving? "
Evidently there were elements of
strongmindedness in Miss Mulgrove's
character. But 6he possessed beauty
and grace of behavior to neutralize
these. She passed as an "odd girl"
among- her female friends none of
them ever said worse than this. With
men she was distinctly popular. Her
personal charms no doubt partly ac
counted for the fact; still it was, I
think, chiefly due to her ready com
prehension of the masculine tempera
ment. As her own brother said he
was a naval officer and Walton's in
timate friend "Marina makes fun
enough of us poor wretches; but at
the same time we are not such a blind
puzzle to her as to most girls. She
seems to understand by instinct what
a man's notions are like, and to ac
commodate herself to them in what
she says."
It must not be supposed, however,
that Miss Mulgrove was in the habit
of conversing with all her male ac
quaintances with just as much free
dom as she did with Richard Walton.
Him she had known for many years.
He and the brother referred to began
their naval career together. When on
shore, they, as lads, were in the habit
of spending part of their holidays to
gether. And although now both of
them lieutenants, and serving on dif
ferent ships, it was an understood
thing that friendship with their re
spective friends should be maintained.
On the present occasion Lieut. Wal
ton's visit had been somewhat longer
than usual; for, unfortunately, he had
been invalided home from the Gold
coast.
But his month's stay at the parson
age Marina's father was rector of a
small parish in a remote part of Essex,
near the Laidon hills his month's
holiday was just coming to an end.
In another three days he would have
to report himself to the admiralty.
And yet I am afraid he had only re
covered from one malady to become
the victim of another. Gold coast
fever had been succeeded by the fever
of love. Headers who are skilled in
the diagnosis of the complaint will al
ready have discovered in his talk
about love and marriage indications
of his true state, a state of mild de
lirium, when the tongue is charged
with bitterness for that and for those
commonly held most dear.
Another confirmatory symptom, as
it Eeems to me, was that the young
man still clung, to the theme which his
companion had so oddly started; for
after another interval of silence he re
marked, rather soberly:
"I cannot help thinking after all the
lifelong arrangement is the best one.
The true difficulty lies in finding a
satisfactory method of courtship."
"Can you sug-gest any rules and regu
lations?" inquired Marina, still in
that calm and slightly sarcastic tone
which gave no clew to her real senti
ments. "No, sailors are proverbially unskill
ful in navigating the ocean of love."
"Very prettily said, Mr. Walton.
You certainly must be the ship's poet
when at sea."'
The young officer blushed. He had
occasionally ventured into verse, and
was wondering whether that wretched
brother of hers had ever played the
false friend by revealing the fact.
Possibly Miss Mulgrove observed his
confusion, and sought to make atone
ment for causing it by being merciful
to his ignorance about courtship, for
she said, with a gracious smile:
"I will tell you what seems to me
absolutely the best method of making
love, on one condition."
"What is the condition?"
"Why, that both of us as soon as I
have enlightened you keep absolute
ly silent until Tommy's boat is fin
ished. You promised to have it ready
for him by eleven, and it is now a
quarter past ten."
"Agreed! Your condition is harsh
but practical," said Walton, applying
himself with fresh energy to his task
of rigging a mainmast for the said ves
sel.
"Well, I got my ideal of love-making
through Mrs Simpson."
"Who is Mrs."
"Hush! you are not to speak, re
member. Mrs. Simpson is the grocer's
wife down in the village; she used to
be our nurse years ago before dear
mamma died, and she and I have al
ways been great friends. One day in
a frolicsome mood I inquired if Mr.
Simpson was very, very nervous when
he asked her to marry him he is a
dreadfully timid man, I may say. She
laughed and said:
" "I don't think he ever did ask me
to marry him, Miss Marina. It isn't
our way. He used to tease me and I
used to tease him for a long time
when he came to the parsonage for
orders. Then one morning he said.
qnite serious like: "Will you walk out
with me, miss?" it was "Polly" at
other times. I said I didn't mind; so
we walked out together for nearlv a
twelvemonth, and then began to talk
about furnishing.
' 'But supposing in the meantime
you had changed your minds?'
. " 'WelL we should have had a tiff
most likely, and shouldn't have walked
out together any more, that's alL
"Now. I think," continued Miss Mul
grove, "that the unsentimental court
ship of people like Mr. and Mrs, Simp
son, who are a thoroughly happy pair,
is vastly superior to the article sup
plied by the novelist. People in their
station don't commit themselves too
deeply before they are married, and
they are generally happier after
wards." There was a slight tremor in her
voice as she concluded. Walton, for
his part, looked grave. He had bound
himself not to speak, but he was evi
dently dissatisfied.
tentiohs. (Kenwood Times. ' ' " ,
ConBtipatiori and sick headache per
manently eurefcs aad piles preventXi
by Japanese f -r Pellets; espec'J-
It was a relief to both ox" them when, at
the end of half an hour, a bright, fair
haired boy of about nine years came
leaping down the steps of the terrace,
under the shelter of which they were
sitting. This lad was Tommy Mul
grove, commonly called by his sister
Marina, "that precious mite."
"Done yet?" cried he, making a tem
pestuous rush at his sister and plant
ing himself unceremoniously at her
side.
"Nearly. And what about the verb?"
"Eo, is, it, imusitis, eunt," sang
out the youngster in a confident tone,
clasping Marina's arm and swinging it
to the rhythm of his recital.
"Hush h h!"
Then Tommy gave his attention to
the ship building. The little schooner
rigged craft which was soon to be all
his own was now completed save in
one respect a name. The outline of
this Lieut. Walton was at that moment
carving. As he finished, he said:
"That must do for to-day, Thomas.
Letters of gold to-morrow, after the
trial trip."
"Oh, but I say, that isn't fair." ex
claimed tha lad, in a disappointed
tone, as he spelt ont the name that
had been carved. "Look, sis! Fancy
calling my yacht 'Miss Mulgrove. I
thought it was going to be 'Richard
and Marina,' for you've both helped to
make it for me, haven't you, now?"
The situation was a trying one for
the young people. On the previous
day Tommy had, in the emphatic
style of small boys, declared that
the yacht, then only just be
gun, must be called "iucnara ana
Marina," and no objection was raised
at the time. Since, however, there
had been indications that Richard con
templated suggesting a much more
important combination of the two
names. It was to prevent his designs
from reaching practical shape in
plain words, to avoid a proposal that
Marina had started that conversation
about love and marriage, with which
the reader is already familiar. Her
free-and-easy treatment of the subject
made an earnest appeal such as he had
determined upon quite impossible.
And her last little speech contained.
as he understood it. a very significant
hint of her reply should he persist in
disregarding the warnings of her pre
vious remarks.
It is easy enough to say "faint
heart never won fair lady." For all
that, I believe Richard Walton was
acting under an impulse of manly
courage in accepting his fate. He loved
truly enough to see her duties as she
saw them. She had the care of four
motherless children, besides those
numberless responsibilities of parish
work which had fallen on her shoul
ders when the mother died eight
years ago. Ana ner lamer naa
never been himself since the shock
of that dread parting. Realizing all
this, the young officer had, with some
what of the hopeless loyalty of the
knights of old, sought in a delicate
way to indicate his submission when
he carved the prosaic words "Miss
Mulgrove," instead of those previous
ly decided upon.
But he had quite forgotten, alas!
that renunciation is not usually part
of the ereed of the British boy. Mas
ter Thomas Mulgrove had, according
to his own notion, indulged in quite
enough self-sacrifice already for one
morning by committing to memory
part of an irregular Latin verb while
the boat-building was going on. To
his sturdy intellect, changing the
yacht's name was simply a breach of
contract; be had no feeling whatever
for the sentiment conveyed thereby.
His sister had, however, and she
blushed tremendously as she divined
its import.
"1 say. Marina," pursued that
wretched youngster, "what are you
coloring up for? Did not you vant it
to be called 'Miss Mulgrove,' then?"
Marina had never yet boxed the ears
of that "precious mite." It would
have been a relief to have done bo at
that moment; it would have been still
more a relief if she could have rushed
away somewhere and had a good cry.
Walton, on his part, felt equally
miserable. lie wanted to say some
thing that would ease the situation.
but words utterly failed him. In the
presence of that young imp, what, in
deed, could the poor fellow saj-?
Then, snddently, help came to these
luckless victims.
"Oh! there's papa, and the lot of
'em," cried Tommy as he caught sight
of bis father, his twin sisters, Ethel
and Janet, and his bigger brother Jack
emerging from the garden at the end
of the lawn. Then he scampered away
to meet them.
Richard took his knife, and without
further ado began to scratch out those
words from the stern of the little ves
sel. "Sailors have superstitions about al
tering a ship's name after she is
launched," said he, with remarkable
coolness, "so it is just as well to be on
the safe side."
The Richard ftnd Marina was
launched that afternoon on Burnstead
lake, just half a mile from the parson
age. Her behavior on this trying oc
casion was magnificent. Tommy, a
owner, was the most important per
sonage present. More by luck than
judgment he said nothing more to
tempt his sister to box his ears. Why
should he have done so, however? He
had had his own way regarding Rich
ard and Marina.
These victims of circumstances felt
rather happy as they walked home to
gether. Richard had received a letter
by the midday post. It was from his
father. Rear Admiral Walton, counsel
ing him to accept the offer of a cap
taincy in the coast guard service for
the next five years which was placed
at his disposal. Thereby further risk
to his health on that fatal gold coast
could be avoided, while promotion
would not be hindered, Richard hav
ing an excellent record.
Like a sensible fellow the young of
ficer showed this letter to the lady ot
his heart. As she handed it back to
him he remarked, gently:
"Will you walk out with me, miss?"
"Yes, Dick." AU the Year Round:
-hjtouu punautH cnuie aha toois 10 re
move the useless weapons of horned
cattle at ten cents per head. If those
who wish to have such work done will
STEVENSON'S SPEECH.
The Vice President Talks on Dem
ocratic Achievements.
Conditions That Confronted the Cleve
land Art ministration Benefit Ac
cruing from Democratic
Measures.
"Kkl. low-Citizens : In the presidential con
test of 181)2. the battle was fought and won by
the democratic party, almost upon the single
Issue of tariff reform. Upon the Issue of re
duced tariff taxation, upon the necessaries of
life, as against high protectionism, Mr. Cleve
land was elected and the democracy restored
to power. For the first time within a third of
a century, the democratic party on March 4,
1893, controlled the presidency and both houses
of the congress. Under these conditions, the
country had much to expect of the great his
toric party now restored to power. How has
the party kept faith with the people? What
steps have been taken along the pathway of
tariff reform? Has the democratic party but
kept the word of promise to the ear and
broken it to the hope:' or has It made an earnest
effort to make good every promise made in its
platform and upon the hustings? This is the
question now submitted to the peaceful arbi
trament of the ballot.
-Give m your attention, my fellow-citizens,
and I snail endeavor to show that the demo
cratic party has kept faith with those who In
trusted it with power: that against monopo
lies, fostered and strengthened by more than a
third of a century of republican legislation,
lone strides have been taken alone the line of
true tariff reform.
"It must not be forgotten that at the close of
President Cleveland's first term on the 4th of
March. lss'J. the republicans came into power
the beneficiaries of four years of wise and
economical administration of the government
Business condition were favorable, the coun
try was prosperous. cd the annual revenues
were little less than one hundred million dol
lar? In excess of Its expenditures. The ques
tion, as you will remember, then was: 'What
shall we do with the surplus?" All this was
the result of the able aud economical policy
and methods of President Cleveland and his
political associates in cabinet and congress.
Four years later, when the republicans retired
from place and power, they left no such vexa
tious question as 'What shall be done with the
surplus?" to torment the incoming democratic
administration. Had the republican adminls
tlon continued a month longer the necessity
for issuing bonds In order to meet the current
expenses of the government would have been
imperative. There could have been no possi
ble escape from it. As it was. the evil day
was only tided over by postponing the payment
of matured governmental obligations.. The
present chairman of the committee of ways
and means of the house of representatives has
publicly made the statement that the last re
publican secretary of the treasury stated to
that committee just prior to the close of the
Harrison administration that additional In
come of fifty million dollars a year was a
necessity.
-I beg you to mark the contrast. The re
publican party at the inauguration of Presi
dent Harrison was the heir to all that Cleve
land and his party had achieved during four
7ears of successful administration. As I have
said, they found business conditions every
where favorable, the treasury overflowing, the
country prosperous. Four years later, on the
4t"a of March. 1H'J3, the republican administra
tion retired from power, leaving a depleted
treasury, governmental obligations undis
charged, and the country upon the verge of
bankruptcy.
"The all-important question now arises,
what was the cause of this? Why surplus
revenues and business prosperity at the close
of the democratic administration, and a bank
rupt treasury and the country staggering upon
the verge of financial ruin four years later,
when the Harrison administration retired from
power? It was. my fellow citizens, the logical,
the Inevitable resuU of the enactment of the
McKinley tariff law. a law that will take Its
place in history as the crowning act of 'the billion-dollar
congress." both branches of which,
as you know, were under republican control.
The McKinley law increased tariff taxes upon
the necessaries of life to a point far beyond
the highest rate hitherto known to our his
tory. In its effect upon foreign Importations.
It was, in a large measure, a prohibitory tariff.
The intention of its authors was to give the
market to the home manufacturer and allow
him. at his own sweet will, to increase to the
consumer the cost of all the necessities of life.
How was this to be accomplished? Simply by
so increasing the tariff tax as in many in
stances to absolutely prevent foreign compe
tition, fcut this was not all. The McKinley
law not only largely increased to the consumer
the cost of all articles that enter into dally
consumption, but it deprived the government
of Its accustomed revenues revenues abso
lutely necessary to meet the daily and hourly
expanses of the government. The importa
tion being cut off. of necessity the revenues
were cut off. Is it to be wondered, then, that
under the operation of the McKinley law. the
surplus left by the Cleveland administration
disappeared and a deficit threatened our na
tional treasury? Thus, as you will see. the in
evitable effect of the McKinley law was. first,
to increase to the purchaser the cost of his
goods, and in the second place, to deprive the
government of revenues absolutely necessary
to meet its current expenses.
Now. my fellow citizens, it is not difficult
to understand why it was that the heritage of
the second administration of President Cleve
land from its republican predecessor was a de
pleted treasury- It must not be forgotten
that one provision of the McKinley law re
quired the annual payment of a bounty to the
sugar planters for a long term of years. This
l ounty exceeded in its aggregate for the last
'fiscal year the enormous sum of twelve million
dollars. The enormity of this legislation I will
not now discuss. It has at the ballot box re
ceived the uumistakabie condemnation of the
American people.
I have now given in hurried review some
thing of the conditions that confronted the In
coming democratic administration on the 4'.h
of March. If3. and of the ill-advised legisla
tion that brought to this sad condition the
treasury and country. You cannot have for
gotten how earnestly President Cleveland and
his political associates addressed themselves
to the task of making good their promises to
reduce taxation, nor can you have forgotten
the unfortunate conditions prevailing at the
time this great work was Inaugurated. Busi
ness was paralyzed, the workshops were
closed, the great army of wage-earners' in en
forced idleness and poverty and want the com
mon lot. It is no figure of speech to say that,
literally, men were "begging their brothers of
the earth to give them leave to toil."
"Hear in mind, that this was the actual con
dition while the McKinley law was still In
forre. and before an arm had been lifted by the
democratic congress to change the existing
law. These are the stubborn facts with which
the republican leaders are now confronted.
What is their answer? What explanation do
they give you as to this terrible condition of
our business industries under the McKinley
law, their own darling enactment? They can
not deny the fact that these conditions sprang
into existence under the McKinley law. but
they tell you they were the result of a want of
confidence felt by the country in the demo
cratic party. As this has been the burden of
their complaint In tho press and upon the
stump, let it have careful examination. What
is their charge? That the nnancral depression
under which the country was staggering when
the democracy came into power, was caused
by an apprehension a fearful foreboding upon
the part of the American people that Presi
dent Cleveland and his party were incompetent
to udminister the government, and that all
business was to suffer derangement. If not
paralysis, by the threatened reduction of
t-irff taxation. I beg you to reflect upon this
assumption for one moment. Who elected
Cleveland and solemnly declared that after
almost a lifetime of republican misrule,
all tranches of the government should
wain p::ss under democratic control? Have
vou foiguttcn that the American people, by a
plurality of one hundred and thirty-two in the
electoral college, elected Cleveland over hU
rci-v.bllcun competitor? Have you forgotten
that his popular vote exceeded that of Harri
son three hundred and eighty thousand? And
; it, uoiwHhstiir.&in the fact that the people
in rejraru to mowing i'.rv wmstie ana
riBinj? the bell is,;- dieted by a
large number of fno were near
the grossing of tLeacci-
by this unprecedented majority elected Cleve
land, you are told that the people at once, and
before his inauguration, distrusted him. You
are told that the people immediately contem
plated with apprehension snd alarm what they
had themselves achieved at the ballot box. In
addition to this you are told that the sad con
dition existing at the close of the Harrison ad
ministration was the result of apprehension
upon the part of the American people that the
democratic president and congress would en
deavor to 'tinker with the tariff." With the
beneficiaries of high protection, any attempt
to reduce taxation Is always 'tinkering with
the tariff.' The object of protection, as you
know. Is to enable the producer to sell his
goods at an increased price over what he
would be otherwise able to secure in the open
market. The higher the tariff, of necessity,
the higher the price charged the consumer. In
order to shield themselves from the responsi
bility of the evils brought upon the country
by the enactment of the McKinley law. re
publican orators and pa per b declared these
evils the result, not of what the repub
licans had done, but of what the democrats
might possibly do. In other words. In
order to escape condemnation for the evils
resulting from their own vicious legislation,
republicans are driven to the assumption that
the people shrank with horror from the con
templated tariff reform for which they had so
earnestly and emphatically declared at the
polls. Can a more monstrous assumption be
imagined? It is one that discredits the intelli
gence of the American people Both at the
elections of 1MH) and of ISft. the McKinley law
had been condemned. In the light of historic
facts, then, does any sane man believe that a
depleted treasury, and almost bankrupt coun
try, resulted from a fear that a democratic
congress might do exactly what it had been
elected to do reform the tariff and lessen to
the people the cost of the necessaries of life?
No, my fellow-citizens. I trust you will not be
deceived. The enforced Idleness which has
brought sorrow to so many hearts and hearth
stones was the direct result of what a repub
lican congress had done, and not of what it
was feared the incoming democratic congress
might do. The people were neither taken by
surprise nor alarmed by the bold declaration
In President Cleveland's inaugural in favor of
reduced taxation. Tariff reform had been the
shibboleth during the campaign As I have
aid. both in the platform and in debate. It was
the battle cry of the supporters of Cleveland
and the democratic party. The people de
manded a reform of the tariff, and the declar
ation by the president, and the bill passed by
the house of representatives at the late ses
sion, but voiced the vlll of the people as de
clared at the ballot box. Again, my country
men. I beg of you not to be deceived, but to
bold to a just accountability the republican
leaders who are solely responsible for the ter
rible condition from which the country Is now
happily emerging.
"Bear in mind that from March 4. 1S61. until
the inauguration of Cleveland on the 4th of
March. 18y3. there was no single moment that
the democratic party controlled the presidency
and both houses of congress: never a moment
that it could place a single law upon your stat
ute books. For all of the legislation during
that period which has brought in its train
financial disaster, monopoly, combinations
and "trusts." the republican party is alone re
sponsible. And yet by republican orators we
are condemned in one breath th.it we have
done too much, and In the next that we have
not accomplished more. Is it not unreason
able to demand that a democratic congress In
a single year repeal all of the Ill-advised enact
ments of a third of a century of republican
domination?
"I come now to consider the question as to
how far the democratic party has redeemed its
promises how well It has kept faith with the
people. It promised a reduction of the ex
penditures of the government. This promise
has been made good by a reduction of the ex
penditures of twenty-eight millions of dollars
over those of the previous year, when the ex
ecutive and the senate were republican. In
this connection, it must be remembered also
that the sum appropriated by the present dem
ocratic congress for pensions exceeded by
twenty millions that appropriated for the same
purpose by the republican "billion-dollar con
gress. '
"Have you forgotten that the entire extra ses
sion of congress, convened soon after Presi
dent Cleveland's inauguration, was consumed
in repealing the Sherman law. passed by a re
publican congress and approved by a repub
lican president? This ill-advised enactment,
which. In a large measure, destroyed silver
money as a part of our circulating medium, re
quired the annual purchase of fifty-four mill
ion ounces of silver bullion, and this at an an
nual cost of little less than fifty million dol
lars, and the bullion thus purchased was. as
you know, heaped up as so much merchandise
in the vaults of the treasury. The great re
publican leader. Senator Sherman, the author
of the bill, voted for the repeal of the purchas
ing clause Indicated, candidly confessing that
the law had not met the expectations cf those
who enacted it. and that its longer continuance,
upon the statute books would prove disastrous
to the country. Thus you will see
that the democratic administration and
congress, at the outset, were confronted with
the necessity of repealing legislation which,
by the confession of republican leaders, had
only brought financial disaster.
"What further has the democratic congress
accomplished? By Its platform and the utter
ances of its candidates, the democratic prty
stood pledged to the repeal of the odious fed
eral election laws These laws, placed upon
our statute books when the republican party
was m the heyday of 'power, provided for the
interposition of armed deputy United States
marshals at the polls. It would be difficult to
coDceive of legislation more hostile to the
spirit of our free institutions or more de
structive of the rights of the elector. For
years they had stood a constant menace to the
freedom of the ballot-box. By the act of the
democratic congress, approved by a demo
cratic president, these enactments, like repub
lican force bills and the old federal alien and
sedition laws, have become things of the past.
It will excite the wonder of those who come
after us how laws, so hateful und tyrannical,
could ever have received the approval of the
American congress.
"The democratic congress has increased the
tax from ninety cents to one dollur and ten
cents per gallon on distilled spirits. This will
inert ase government revenues annually
twenty millions of dollars. I'oou in the in
terest of the whisky trust desire this law re
pealed? The democratic congress has placed
a tax on playing cards, which as you
know, were untaxed under the McKinley law.
This will bring to the tre. sury three million
dollars per annum. Bo you wish this provision
of the new law repealed, and the old law re
stored? If so, your pathway of duty is clear.
Vote to return to congress the republican law
makers who opposed the tariff upon playing
cards and the increased tax upon whisky.
"But again, what has this democratic con
gress accomplished? You wl.l bear in mind
that the "billion-dollar congress" controlled by
the republicans created more than twelve
hundred new federal offices ut a total annual
cost to the people of more than two million
dollars. The present democratic congress, by
a series of wise and well-considered enact
ments, greatly simplified snd improved ad
ministrative methods In the several depart
ments of the government by means of which
more than six hundred useless federal offices
have been abolished and governmental ex
penses thereby lessened annually to the ex
tent of near one million dollars.
"One section of the democratic tariff bill just
enacted provides for the payment of an income
tT Individual incomes of less than four thou
sand dollars are wholly exempt from this tax.
Savings banks and building and loan associa
tions are exempt from this tax. This wise ex
emption is in the Interest of small investors
and depositors. Upon other corporations and
upon Individual incomes exceeding that amount
a tax of two percent, is to be col.ected. As this
feature of the billhus encountered fierce hostil
ity both from republican legislators and press,
it is well to give it consideration." Two ques
tions at ence arise: Is tbU a just enactment?
Was it necessary? Its enactment became a
necessity because of the bankrupt condition
in which the passage of the McKinley law and
the extravagance of tne republican congress
had plunged the country. Its enactment was
the logical result cf '.he vicious republican leg
islation that had brought a deficit instead of
a surplus to the treasury.
"The duty of the democratic congress when
it came into power, to provide the necessary
revenues with which to meet the current ex
o3ce in Unrub's furniture store.
ThbJoubnl needs all the money
that is its due on' sntwrin.
pense of the government, was lmpentivo
How could this be done? Either by continuing
or possibly increasing to the people the cost of
the necessaries of life by tariff taxation, or by
imposing a moderate tax upon the earnings of
the wealth of the country. The democratic
party was solemnly pledged to the reduction
of taxation upon the necessities of life. This
pledge could be made good, and sufficient gov
ernmental revenues at the same time secured,
only by the imposition of the tax I have in
dicated. Just in proportion as the burdens of
taxation were removed from the shoulders of
the poor, they were to rest upon those mora
able to bear them. A democratic congress re
moved the tax wholly from salt, from lumber,
from binding twine, from agricultural ImDle
ments. and greatly reduced the tax upon cot
ton and woolen goods, and other articles of
daily use. How was this to be made good to
the treasury? A democratic congress thought
It wise to do so by a tax upon annual incomes
exceeding four thousand dollars. This enact
ment was to remain in force only for the period
of five years.
"I submit to you now the question, do you
desire the Immediate repeal of this law? Did
republican senators and members represent
your interests w hen they voted against thi
law? You must bear In mind that the aggre
gate wealth of this country exceeds the enor
mous sum of sixty-five billion dollars. The
question I ask you now Is. whether it is nott
just that a portion of the revenues necessary
to meet the expenses of the government should
be collected from the earnings of the vast sum
I have mentioned? In other words, shall gov
ernmental expenditures be met in part by a
tax upon the earnings of wealth or shall It all
soring from taxes imposed upon consumption?
It is suid this tax is odious inquisitorial. AU
taxes are more or less odious and inquisi
torial. Public necessity is the only justifica
tion for any form of taxation- It has been
truly said: "The necessities of govern
ment are the beginning and ending of just
taxation' But you have been told that
this tax cannot be collected. This state
ment rests upon the assumption that men of
wealth, the factors in the great marts, are dis
honest. It assumes that men of affairs will
risk the pains and penalties of perjury, rather
than disclose to the proper officer their annual
income. This assumption Is not only an in
sult to American manhood, but is disproved
by the facts of history. During the period of
eight years extending from lttfic; to 1STU, the
revenues derived from incomes alone fell but a
trifle short of three hundred and fifty millioa
dollars. I repeat the inquiry, is it not jus
that some portion of the burdens of taxation
should rest upon the accumulations of wealth,
and not wholly upon the articles of daily neces
sity to human existence? The expenditures of
the national government are necessarily great,
and annually increasing with the growth of the
country. The Income tax is one of the meth
ods devised by a democratic congress to meet
the Imperative necessities of government. Do
you desire its immediate repeal? If so. elect a
republican congress, repeal the income tax,
and thereby add thirty million dollars of an
nual taxation upon the articles of dully con
sumption. "1 now ask your attention to a consideration
of other sections of the tariff bill which has
passed both the house and the senate and is
now the law of the land. I state to you, in all
candor, tout It Is not all that I desired. There
never was a moment that I would not gladly
have given the casting vote in the senate in
favor of the tariff bill as it passed the house of
representatives. From the beginning I have
been a firm " believer in the doctrine of freta
raw material. But it must not be forgotten
that while the house of representatives con
tained a democratic majority of near one hun
dred, our majority was but one in the senate.
In fact, with every state fully represented in
that body, there would probably have been no
democratic majority at all The senate con
tained but forty-four democrats, and with the
republican senators voting solidly against the
bill at every stage, it can easily be seen thas
in a body so nearly balanced tariff reform had
no easy battle to fight. At one critical mo
ment of the struggle the bill was only saved by
the casting vote of the presiding officer of the
senate. I have thus gone somewhat in'.o de
tails in order that you may realize something
of the difficulties under which the present law
was enacted. Recalling as I do the hos
tility of republican senators to the tariff
bill from the moment it crossed the
threshold of that chamber. I can only
wonder that it ever became a law. Firmly be
lieving, as 1 do. that beneficial results must
follow its passage, I rejoice with you in its tri
umph, and that the McKinley law is no longer
upon our statute books. In determining tho
merits of the present tariff law comparison
should be made, not with an ideal tariff bill,
but with existing law the McKinley law then
in force. What then are some of the contrasts
between the law just enacted and the McKin
ley law which it has displaced? Let me state a
few of them: The McKinley law gave to tho
sugar planters a bounty of two cents per pound
upon their product. This was to extend for
a period of fifteen years from the passage of
the bill. It was paid out of the treasury of th
United States, und amounted during the last
year to the enormous Kum of twelve millions
of dollars. The tariff bill just passed by
democratic congress repealed this sugar boun
ty, anj removed from the statute books this
odious class legislation. It was enacted by a
republican congress, and every republican
senator and representative voted against the
bill providing for its repeal. I submit to you
now the question, are you in favor of the re
enactment of this bounty? Is it your desire
that it again find its place upon the statute
book? If so. vote to return to the national
congress the republican leaders who strug
gled so earnestly against its repeal.
"Now. fellow-citizens, you have before you
something of what a democratic congress has
accomplished something of the manner in
which it has kept faith with the people. Tar
iff reform has achieved no easy victory. Since
the repeal of the corn laws of ingland. by
which the people were permitted to eat un
taxed bread, the world has witnessed no such
parliamentary struggle against monoioly and
privilege. It is your battle that hus been
fought, and you ure the beneficiaries of tho
victory w hich has been achieved. It has liter
ally been a struggle ot the people against the
monopoly and greed fostered and made power
ful by more than thirty years of republican
legislation. The combinations an? 'trusts.'
now the curse of our people, have only been
made jxissible by the high protective tariffs
I which have enriched the few at the expense of
! the many. Under and solely because of high
protection, coloasal fortunes have accumulated
which are a menace to our fiee institutions.
The men who control the "trusts und unlawful
combinations ugainst trade have been from
the beginning the beneficiaries of high tariff
the determined advocates of the McKinley
law. The time had come, and fully couie. when
such legis lation should cease. The people so
decreed. By the popular edict, the republican
party under whose evil auspices had sprung;
cluss legislation and the trusts and conspiracies
which logically follow high protection passed
from power. It was not to be expected that
the individual recipients of the benefits of pro
tection would sit Idly by when the attempt wa
being made to 1 educe the tariff, and lessen tho
burdens of taxation. The struggle was long
and doubtful It was literally organized priv
ilege, monopoly and greed upon the one side
and the unorganized people upon the other. I.
repeat, that with the single exception I have
mentioned, a more desperate parliamentary
struggle has never been known to our Englisb,
spea king people.
"The new tariff law is now upon the statute
book. He who runs may read, that business
conditions are even new more favorable: the
fires have been lighted in our workshops: the
wage-earner is no longer in enforced idleness,
and light is breaking upon our commercial
pathway. Under the beneficent operations of
low tariff, the evils fostered by Mclvinleyism
will disappear, aud our country enter upon a
career of unexampled prosperity. The prac
tical question for your determination is, shall
this law be administered by its enemies or by
its friends? If you believe that for the first
time in a third of a century you have been
taken into the account in the preparation of a
tariff bill, and that your interests lie along the
I plane of the low taxation I have indicated, then
; I need hardly remind you of the imperative
necessity of holding up the arms and strength
; ening the hands of those who have wrought
j out this great relorm. History will but repeat
J itself, ond the prosperity that followed the
passage of the Walker tariff the low tariff of
1K4C will as burely follow that which has just
1 been enacted."
LI rebuilt, ana furnished with
Machinery of the best maaufacture
in the world. Their
i(TM . ..1
