PLATTSMOUTH SEMI - WEEKLY JOURNAL FAGS SIX i t J- : 1 i I LET'S Let's walk a little straighter, live a Utile cleaner, woik a little harder, speak a little sofur, deal a little tquarer. Let's give the other fellow a vote of confidence until he proves himself absolutely unworthy of such. Even then, let's try to show him the error of his way, and if possible restore him to our good graces. Let's slow up our car and let the nervous pedestrain cross the street, with the thought that his destination may be just as important to him as ours is to us. Let's "move over," "move up in front" or do any thing that will help the social or ccmmeicial rr achiwery to function more smoothly in order that the greatest good may come to the greatest number. Let's take our full share of responsibility, political, social and moral. Let's get into the game of Jile with all oui heart and soul,-and in the language of that greatly loved American. Theodore Roosevelt, "buck the line hard." C. E. Wescott's Sons "ON THE OPERATED -ON AT LINCOLN Prom Wdniiitfav'9 Dally Joseph Thompson, the caretaker at the Platte river wagon and auto bridge yesterday afternon' received a telephone messag from Lincoln an nouncing that his niece. Miss Helen B. Creamer, daughter of Mr. and lira. Lincoln Creamer of Nehawka, had been operated on at the St. Elizabeth's hospital in Lincoln and that the operation had proved suc cessful in every way. The message The Child baked products and good wholesome milk in accord with its appetite's demand, is the child that enjoys a healthy robust constitution and a sunny disposition. GOLD GATE flour is the raw material from which such baked products can be made, and they will be so good and wholesome that the child will never tire of them and his appetite will never lag. Sweets- and meats in extremes upset the child's whole physical being. There are no extremes when it comes to bakings from GOLD GATE flour. They are wholesome to the last mouthful that craving or appetite dictates. GOLD GATE flour is a balanced ration milled from choicest wheat and in a scientific manner. Every sack fully guaranteed to please or your money cheer fully refunded by the dealer. lEImivood r.lill and (Elovafor Co., Efmwood, - ties into cities of strangers. - - J"l,,l' l,,l-W 'IWU-.' CORNER' from the members of the family to Mr. Thompson did not state the na ture of the operation and stated that the prospects were bright . for the speedy recovery of the young lady from her ordeal. NEW BED BOOKS The February Bed Books are now on sale at the Journal stationery de partment. Call and secure your copy at" once before it is too late. that Gets Nebraska GOVERNOR IN TRODUCES 44 PROPOSALS LEGISLATUEE HEARS CHARLEY FLAY CIVIL ADMINISTRA TIVE CODE BILL. ARGUE AFTER BILLS ARE READ Senator Saunders of Omaha Asserts - Joint Session No Place For Governor to Submit Bill. Lincoln, Feb. 20. Gov. Charles V. Bryan appeared before the legisla ture today and presented 44 bills, known as companions to his execu tive council plan of government. The original bill, known as skeleton, was introduced earlier in the session. Th Tu,rnn of the irovernor's an - -.-.-,-,,. -o0 tn a mPsanfA in ,,o-r. t r.i a messao-e in which he strongly urged adoption of his plan of government as against Ills UlilM ui f,uvri uiucui ao ufcaiuoi 7 r ,. -.n o,imin. istrative code. The governor flayed the civil ad- ministrative code, and charged it, as usual, with extravagance, waste and inefficiency. In telling what a good form of government he proposed, the governor read figures showing the number of state employes on the pay roll in July, which is the height of the road building season in Xebras- 14 'Jt 1 v 1 " - O ka. Then he said that under his plan, will be 150 emplyes less. ' -, nortmon nr there Figures public works show that in July 100 more employes are on the payroll than during the winter months. The governor took July in showing the number of employes under the code, and used the winter months in show ing how many he would have under his executive council plan. He also said that the accounting part of the department of finance and revenue could be carried on by the state auditor with no extra help. Then minutes later George Marsh, state auditor, denied that he could do the work without extra help. The governor also said Dan Swan son, state land commissioner, could act as state purchasing agent with the assistance of one multigraph op orator. Mr. Swanson, however, said that if he takes over the work of purchasing agent, it will be only with a full and competent staff. After Governor Bryan concluded reading his message to a joint ses : 1 m or the house and senate and his 44 supporting bills for the executive council form of government had been placed on the speaker's desk there was a question as to proper proce dure. 1 Senator Charles ,L. Saundvrs. Om aha, asserted, that a joint session was no place to introduce the bill. He pointed out that under the constitu tion the governor must introduce bills either through a member or sev eral members, or through a commit tee. Governor Bryan asserted the con stitution stated plainly it was pre- biflfaT lVyZVelnai SSSS'l mme trnn hn (h. t,o. troduce a bill the governor, under the Saunders interpretation, would be powerless to have his bills con sidered. At this point senators left the low er house and marched to the senate chamber. Speaker Mathers, republican, sided with Governor Bryan and announced he would consider a motion for the house to accept the governor's bill3. The motion was made by Regan, as . adopted unanl- i mously. BANK BILL GOES TO 3RD READING Creates Guaranty Fund Commission Composed of Bankers With Power of Investigation. Lincoln. Feb. 20. With only one audible negative vote, the Nenrr-aki Bankers' association bill was' ad vanced to third reading by the lower house this morning. This bill creates a guaranty tund commission composed of bankers, who shall have power to examine the Creamer vs. the Northwestern Mu records and papers in state banks, in tual Life Insurance Co. et al, was co-operation with the state banking biought to hearing before Judge Beg department. , ley and the court found for the plain- Under the provisions of the bill, tiff in the action and issued an or this commission may request the der for the sum of $4,750.45, less state banking department to draw on the costs of the action be paid over the guaranty fund and with the con- to the plaintiff in the cause of ac sent of the state department, banks, tion. This sum has been in the hands discovered to be weak, may be" ad- of the clerk of the district court, hav vanced money from this fund. It al- ing been paid to him by the defand so provides for a legalization of re- ant Insurance company but payment ceivers' certificates. was deferred through the interven- Members explaining the bill told of tion of a party in Omaha who al the millions of dollars lost in the leged that the amount of the policy last two years in failed banks and as- had been a gift to her from the de serted that if some such step as that ceased, H. C. Creamer, contemplated in this bill were not The insurance company had corn taken, the larger banks would na- plied with their part of the conract - tionalize and the smaller banks woum he unable to withstand the policy was held up until the settle drain on the guaranty fund. ment of the claim made against the I It also was stated that receiver- company. ships numbering today 64, were ex- .The plaintifTs were represented .by ceptionally extensive and cost on an w. A. -Robertson of this city, the in average $600 a month per receiver, surance company by Cranny & Mooro JURY GIVEN VACATION This morning. Judere Beeley ex- cused the jury panel for the present but on his return from Lincoln where I he will go to sit with the supreme I bench, may call the jury back for the trial of any cases that mav be' left from the term. There is not a proved land-in--Kimball county, Ne ; great many cases that will require braska, to exchange for eastern Ne-i-the -services of the petit jury and bra3ka or western Iowa land or in- the disposition of the caqes may per- acme property, jjcnlt the exfus of th jury for thej O. O. MEYER. ', jterm. j ' Kbr. City, Nbr. FEELING MUCH BETTER Simon Clark returned -last night from Rochester, Minnesota, where he has been lor several days taking treatments at the Mayo brothers hospital for his affliction from which he has been a sufferer for months. Mr. Clark returns feeling much bet ter and received the most favorable (reports from his physicians for his ! recovery from the the affliction that he has suffered. He will return later to Rochester for the final treatment and trusts that he will then be able to resume his activities after an en forced layoff of almost a year. COLONIAL TEA IS A GREAT SUCCESS Parlors of Methodist Church Very Tastefully Arranged and La dies Gcwned as of Old. From "Wednesday's Dally. ' OUL'a' corners The Social Workers of the Metho- ulo- luu"'u i fsieruay gave au emer- alst church yesterday gave an enter f inf.n "l !ie Priors of the church "a , T" u , ?i,u , - - , in every detail and in the attractive colonial costumes worn by the ladies receiving and serving' was typical of the days of the colonies and bore out the idea of the colonial tea which was the nature of the gathering. The windows of the parlors were draped with red crepe paper and through this the soft cays of the light filtered and cast a pleasing glow AtA - ; 1 uir lu. st?"e wni,e l"e useII arp IUa V , u ""! l"i"us""u- l"c om3 atlded ,to th touch of beauty. The tea was in charge of Mrs. Allen J: Beeson antl a great deal of the pleasantness of the occasion was due tO Iier efforts. As the ladies entered the parlors they were greeted by the charmingly gowned committee representing the colonial ladles and Airs. J. E. Wiles as Martha Washington and Mrs. J W. Crabill and Mrs. W. It. Holmes rnnmnpn trip pnmmittpp rpppivinp coninosed thp rnmmltlpp rpppivine- lumpubeu me loramiure receiving the guests One of the features of the after noon was the program arranged by Mrs. E. H. Wescott and which served to give the ladies a rare treat in the way of entertainment. "Mrs. Ed Ro man and Mrs. Frank Barkus gave a very delightful vocal duet as did also Mrs. J. E. Sanderson and Mrs. E. H. Wescott while solos were given by Misses Frances Ghrist, Mable Lee Copenhaer and Olive Quinn. all of " " Z Z , lY .7, f, t" . , "l,JU,a, features of the program was the reading by little Mary Katherine Wiles and this little lady was graci ous in her responses to the encores oLthe audience. Miss Helene Perry, who has so often delighted Platts i mouth audiences, was also on the ' program with ' one of her always pleasing readings. The pupils of Miss Irene Davis gave an old time minuet that was full of grace and charm and a pleasing diversion on the pro gram. Piano numbers were given by Lincoln, Feb. 20.- Representa Mrs. Roy Cole of Mynard and Mrs. tives Svoboda, Johnson and Gilmore Reed of this city which gave the la- joined In a joint resolution introduc dies an opportunity of demonstrat- ed Tuesday morning, which went ing their artistic ability in this line over a day, which memorializes con- PK wltt one o rZ1 80,03 WhkU was much enjoyed. and Miss Alice Louise Wescott closed The refreshments of the afternoon were in keeping with the spirit of th vi wa -1 Tii vr.cic,i nt i"u uiui via j o hva Mi j'pui S LI V. Ik ICq taia iivllf auu ui v frozen custard, which dainty was speedy action. first introduced at the receptions of The preamble to the resolution is Martha Washington, as well as wa- as follows: fers and tea, and the serving was in "Whereas, the administration of charge of Mrs. Emma Pease, Mrs. A. the selective service act, during the Ghrist, Mrs. P. E. Pfoutz, Mrs. F. R. world war, disclosed an appalling Gobelman and Mrs. John Henry, all state of affairs with respect to the being in the period costumes. physical condition of the young man As the result of the delightful af- hood of our country, and zed & neat sum which wjn be uged church building the coming summer, INSURANCE COM PANY IS ORDERED TO PAY POLICY , I District Judge Uegiey J-inas tor me Creamer Estate vs. Northwest ern Mutual Compony. This morning in the district court the matter of the case of Harry L. but the payment of the value of ih; of Omaha and the intervenor by w. G. Kieck of this city. The intervenor excepts from the decision of the court and was allowed forty days to file bill of exceptions in the case. FOR EXCHANGE ' sss non pnnltv in B60 acres of im- NEBRASKA CITY GIVES LOCALS A REAL TRIMMING Defeats Plattsmouth Cagers by Score of 26 to 19 Best Game Play- ed Here This Season. The largest crowd that has been present this season at any of the high school games crowded the gym last iurii id wunpss inp iipic: i cii 1 n Plattsmouth high school basketball team by the Nebraska City team by the score of 26 to 19. The game opened with the Platts mouth team securing a number of goahv before Nebraska City even re gistered, but the fast work of the visitors and the apparent uncertain ty and indecision of the locals en abled the visitors to snap several field goals and in the last few mo- ments of the first half Nebraska City ran a succession of goals that gave them the lead by 11 to 10 when the ,,,. OI,,to,, When Referee Parrish biew the whistle for the second half the Ne- naiBiic nil iiic Batumi uciii 111c ic - i.-..,- . -,..-.i ,- annex th and b fast and clcver advanced the ball in- to the Plattsmouth territory and scored repeatedly, the defense of the locals seemingly being ineffective and their holding the ball on plays made it passible for Nebraska City to organize a defense that could not be touched. For a few moments in the last half the use of Wasley, sub stitute. was 'made and he showed : t of promise aT1,, xvarfra httn and with Kou- battled hard but un- EUCCessfuiy in trying to block the onrush o the Nebraska City ball i oc?a Iralf sontA -U'oa Tint in hie accustomed basket throwing stride anl was k t carefUlly guarded by the visitors so that he was compelled t ,0ir hmu-. th nminr- ity of which were fruitless. Grauo- vi,lc one of the ,ocal forwar(is, who . . s j , : , , - ' t Kfpn pick for some time, was in - ine game lor 111 e greater pan i 1 e time but was ineffective against the Otoes' defense. ",l -- J ""., Ifllllli:4 II It'll I V M. Vfl IdlHU llUtlU J L rooters and with the spirit shown by the rooters for the local school made the game one ful of entnusi- . asm and fun for the students. The visitors were a fine bunch of young men in every way and played a good cffective Kiime and well deserve the nonors or me struggle ASKS UNIFORM LAW i FOR ALL DIVORCES Nebraska Solons Memorialize Con gress to Pass Such a Measure Goes Over For a Day. cress to enact a uniform marriage divorce laWr" Vhe "puTf -nibating evils in social conditions The resolution, if passed, is to be pent to the state's representatives at Washington with a request that they .., ii,utinn o ,1 c s ical officials of the United States minister the draft concluded that jmore than 50 per cent of the young 1 ,inrt orra nt i,ooii vy-- i nf rlof o n-, woro Tint nhvcinntlv fit and in conference assembled have ,m,,ii,i )iciinn UJ4ii --- .-...-v.-. .,..,.. enacted to better these conditions, "Whereas, the state institutions of the state of Nebraska are filled and nvprflnwin with unfortunates who (are becoming an ever increasing bur- den on the taxpayers of this state. nna "Whereas, statistics and diagnoses prove conclusively that the condition of Nebraska s unfortunates is ,n many cases the direct result of hered itary and social diseases, and "Whereas, the stability of the American home, the bulwark of the American nation, is greatly endan gered by the laxness and the great' disparity of the marriage and divorce laws of the various states. SECURE MARRIAGE LICENSE After a vacation, Cupid appears to be getting kuy among the residents of Cass county aud as the result there was a sudden rush of business in the marriage license department of the county judge's office when a license was issued to-Mr. George R. Swart r and Miss Edna L. Oehlerking. both cars stand high in popular favor Ladies aid meeting next Wednes of Elmwood, and to Lucius Wilson (lilsyear. The new sport phaetons, j day afternoon when they have an and Miss Cara F. Baldwin, both of coupes and business coupe3 will be of J other social function on the movp tnis ciiy. ine iasi nameu itmiue win iDe married here Sunday SALE ARMY SHOES SALE W hnvp iust boueht a tremendous stock of Armv Munson last shoe to be sold to the public direct. Price $2.75. These shoes are 100 solid leather with heavv double soles sew- ed anj naned. The uppers are of heavv tan chrome leather with bel- lows tongue, thereby making them waterproof. These shoes are selling very fast and we advise you to order . at once to insure your oraer Deing filled. The shoes are 6 to 11 all widths. Pay postman on receipt of goods or! send money order. Money refunded if shoes are not satisfactory. THE U. S. STORES CO., 1441 Broadway. New York City. --:.r-(... HOLDS INTERESTING SERVICE From Wednesday's Daily Last evening, the Rev. Stanley Jones, rector of St. Paul's church in Omaha, was here to hold the Tuesday Episcopal church, the visits of out- side priests to the church each Tues- eveninsr services at ine si. iuK.tr- iav ho;nr n nart of the Lenten Dro- gram of the church. Rev. Jones is one 01 V7 ' , ir.niU Tu I 1 c t ore nf lin!iri!i nrm met fvpninr nlS sermon to the members of St. Luke's parish was very inspiring and filled with the lessons of the church on the importance 01 me oDbervance ui iu Lenten season as a part of the church TUITION REMAINS UNCHANGED FOR RURAL STUDENTS Battle is Waged in Legislature Over Attempt to Reduce Tuition m the High Schools. i T :-i vK Oft ri;.,, -wl .ir,,, 1 Lincoln, Feb. 20. City and coun . try legislators HeW soli 1 lines hoLL ?ZZh.ll?J oday lower Tiio-li 4ifVirwl tnitinn frr folintrv Ktll- dents from $3 to $2 a week. The city Ellis Coon for a few days last week, denizens won by a bare majority of j Wesley Bird returned home from two and the bill was killed. I Cowles ..where he has been working This measure has been the sub- with the M. B. Messier electric light ject of discussion for several days, workmen. Country legislators assert that coun- j Mr. and Mrs. William Uptegrove try students are at more expense for of Portsmouth spent a few days re their schooling without tuition be- cently with the former's mother, cause their parents are obliged to Mrs. E. L. Uptegrove and other rela pay transportation and board and tives. room. I Born to Mr. and Mrs. Charles Mc- When confronted by statements to Coy February 19, 1923. a daughter, the effect that the ?3 a week doesn't Mr. and Mrs. Sam Jordan are the pay the tuition now and the $2 would ! proud parents of a little girl born be even further from the actual cost. country members asserted that if frills were taken from- high schools I the tuition charge would meet ex- pe"f; lly City members asserteu mat 11 sucn , , , TrnnQn lira win 1 111 ru'.i 1 1 v I'll 1. hxiihi 1 i f! 2)rocedure would really cut expenses 1 h would a t the bll, However, ooc.,0,, D11,.n r.cx,u,ri, IJICJ 1-.1V 1 IV Willi . v. ii 11 iLiuvi.vu ipv asserted tnat sucn a reuuction ! M.-milfl ho merplv nlnfintr nn flfldffl burden to city residents, who, they . -a a. A. Z T asserted, now pay more in taxation than country residents. . . , --0,i ! ri miiv. fii: ill in 11 iiiLinucia uuuivu tQ compr0mise by amending the bill so $2.50 would be the tuition charge. But the city folks were obdurate and finally won their fight. DISARMAMENT OF INDUSTRY IS URGED Former Governor Allen of Kansas Says Labor Leaders Draw $60, 000.000 For, War Chest. Chicago, Feb. 20. Industrial dis armament which would relieve the innocent bystander the public was declared to be America's need Hr fnrmop flmr rnnr TTpnrv .T Allpn of Kansas speaking, here tonight be- fore the Chicago Association of Credit Men. ThStJ " t . has found a just ler controversies shrmld find a way to peace and jus- Uce n tcis, which 13 today the sole) remaining quarrel in which men are t ng q allowed to fight it out regardless of the danger to which the fight sub jects the defenseless public." he de clared. "It is unspeakable that every time a new contract is Jo be signed be tween men who work in coal mines and the operators, or between men who work in railway shops and the railway corporations, that these in- liistrfpts must hf shut down and a species of civil war brought to bearjand to heIP him in making this fair on the helpless puonc wnue me icau- ?rs i-" ing the terms of the new contracts. "Today or leaders are drawing more than $60,000,000 a year of the eiorulpr nurse nf labor for the main- ;e !3 e duty of the government to flnd iiistice- for labor at a less cost than this." OMAHA AUTO SHOW FEB- KUAJil Z3 1U J-LaJ-.VJ-l -'.your church won't you please plan " j Omaha. Feb. 15. Omaha's eigh- teenth annual auto show, to be held at the auditorium February Zb to you to attend? We sure need your March 3. will bring forth many prayers. things of interest to car owners and J Our date set by the lady evange dcalcrs alike. In every sense this will list. Miss Clara Meeker of Oklahoma, be a "back to prosperity" showing , is April 15 unless a certain pastor of great values and refinements in j will let us have his date of March motor cars, commercial vehicles and 15. We will hope for the March date, accessories. The leading makes of Are we ready for this revival? May American cars will be shown, as well - God bless such a meeting in the Alvo ns a number of makes new to Omaha. Never before has the motorist been offered so much for his money. The iiqw models, with hardly an excep- tion are featuring lower prices, more complete equipment and greater economy In operating costs. The car of 1923 is more durable and sturdy in construction. Closed rpociai nnoresi. i Manufacturers have given close ! attention to the equipment of their new offerings. Some models come so ; completely equipped there is nothing i loft for the owner to buy. A feature of the Omaha show will bo tho dealers frolic at the Hotel l oiueneue ine evening or neDruary 2S. Cabaret entertainment and a talk by one' of the leaders of the industry will attract dealers from every part of Nebraska. Special railroad rates have been secured for dealers on the certificate plan. They buy a one way l jl A. Jl T T ticket and sret a certificate which will be validated at the show. F. J. Spangler and wife, residents of the Manley vicinity, motored, in .this morning from tneir home to n joy a few hours here looktgr after . some matters of bueinees. Alvo News Chester Ough went to Lincoln Tuesday Jfternwn. Little jenenie Ar very ui win. Mr. Nickolson was m win- i" u a fe wdays last week. Al Hood of Lincoln was calling on friends in tow Tuesday afternoon. Orville Quellharst has sold his farm and will move to town soon. ... L. Lauritsen was in Omana anenu- , . convention Tuesday '"Jf few of which have been quue severe. P. J. Linen made a business trip to Missouri Iaat wee kreturning home Sunday. , The Woman's Reading club met Thursday afternon with Mrs. John Mairtey. Mrs. Ellis of University Place came down Tuesday to take care of Grand ma Parsell. Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Dinges visit ed Sunday with relatives at Nehaw ka and Syracuse. Mrs. E. L. Uptegrove visited a few days last week with her sister at her home in Council Bluffs. Mrs. Joe Armstrong is slowly im nrnvine at the home of her daugh- ter, Mrs. Elmer Barrett in Havelock. , Miss Lucile Ford of Bethany nas hfn vlsltitlC at the home OI JV1T8. February 7, 1923. Mrs. A. J. Friend who spent sev eral weeks with relatives in Kansas ! recently, has returned home. She was accompanied home by her sister, Mrs. jonn t,lder 01 .Mankato. , r 1 ' 1 T" a nri ira ' unv 1 r- u mi ' Mrs. Harry Appleman and c r Mr. and J. U . If 1113 aiicuutu iv.rs. S TJ Wills nttendod a nartv ll'oHniwifov tilirht n t iria hxnmo nf T r land Mrs. W. O. Boyles in Lincoln. 1 Warren Bird and sister, Mrs. Ethel Hughes, who have been visiting here with their mother Mrs. Cleming Bird and other relatives left Saturday af- ternoon for their home at Arriba, Colorado. Friends gave a farewell dancing party Monday niht at Stewart hall for Mr. and Mrs. Jackson who are movingto -Lincoln this week. About forty couples were in attendance. Refreshments were served. Mr. and Mrs. L. B. Appleman and niece, Christine Linch, returned home Saturday evening from Omaha where they spent the past week with therr'.daughter, Miss Gladys, who is on the Orpheum circuit and played in Omaha all last week. M. E. Church Notes We hastily pen a few brief notes for the readers of the Journal at Al vo in the interest of the church. We ! contemplate a change of the date In j the items is why the brevity at pres ent. Wre could hardly believe our eyes last Sunday when not such an en thusiastic audience met for the Sun day school hour. Even the auto and aeroplane were missing and the air did not seem to be freighted with a spirit of race. The collection was far from seven hundred dollars. There is a reason for this says Bro. Keefer: "We are all broke." The rec ords showed it, too. The state anti-saloon league su perintendent, Rev. Frank A. High, filled the pulpit last Sunday morn ing. Sorry the usual good crowd was i not present to hear this able man 1HUU U.'UUI. Bl It-ClSl 1XW BUlUlUg (J II the booze amendment to the U. S. constitution. Come again, Bro. High when so many flu cases will not les sen the attendance.. ine sunaay nignt audience was this year. One word The Sunday night audience was will tell the story flu. The prayer meeting was well at tended last Thursday night in the Sister Kahler home. There is room for more. We expect fifty next Thursday. Friends and members of to put the prayer meeting on your little red book as the first and ereat- est part in the week's program for M. E. church. We recently learned that a cer tain Sunday school class has a chal- lenge to offer next Sunday. Wonder what it is? Better be present this challenge. and consider Choir practice in the church Sat- urday night at 7:30. wnicn win De pernaps the mostest" fun of 'em all and, by the way, bank a few dollars too. Next week you will read about it. Friends, don't forget to come to your church on Sunday. Sunday School 10:00 Preaching 11:00 a. m and 7:30 p. m We miss you occasionally. FOR SALE A few choice Chester Wlifto -.. bred gilts at rearonable nriena a-.i (farrow. K. E. Sedman, located seven miles straight south of Ashland. Sell those articles you no lon-- for by advertising thm in the Journal. 0 I 1 ; i s 1 V rV - 1