HIE PIATISMOUTII JOURNAL LARGE AIRSHIP UNDER CONSTRUCTION. GROUND TO DEATH PLeccnt Happenings Shown in Caricature. DYSPEPSIA OF WOMEN. R. A. BATES, Publisher. "TV 5 , EIGHT KILLED OUTRIGHT AND OTHERS MAIMED. rLATTS MOUTH. - NEP.UASKA. 5 THE NEWS IN BRIEF. i Attorney Geneiral Knox has ap pointed J. C. McRcynedds, of Tennes see, assistant attorney general of the United States, to succeed James M. Ju k, resigned. The Delaware & Hudson Railroad company issued an order recently vrat.tinp an increase from ! to 10 per rent to a!I Ieoiiietivej engineers and hitmen on the reael. The Soo railway has notified the legislators of North Dakota to return all passes, as, tinder the Elkins law the issue of railroad pauses to state Ottuials is lib-gal. Majr John Mills, of the corps of engineers, has been eles.ignatel to build the road authorized by the last session of congress into Mount Itanier National iark, Washington. Tbe f v i I service commission will ! sue. an ar.rounccnicnt that the presi dent bus h. eluded all the school teachers in the Philippine service with in the classified ivil service. William T. I.ev.i, who killed his how:- ke-i r. Mrs. Stella Wright, at Chicago, with a hatchet several rn:r.th? ago, was sentenced to the penitentiary for a term of thirty three years. TI:c appelate court in Paris has con firm el the sentence passed on Henri De Rothschild, of to francs fine and o:io day in prison, for driving an auto mobile at t-x-sMve tpe-e-d on the l.t ulevanls. The telegraph operator at Hoag. III., wiLt insane at the key, but a train was saved by a red light set by him as his last conscious act. Wabash trains were at the r.-.rrcy of the mad man for several hours. C A. Pearson, proprietor of the hendf n Daily Express, lias bought the St. James Gazette. The purchase price has not been announced. The policy of the Gazette, which is Con servative, will not be changed. The socialists celebrated Mayday throughout Germany. There was no disorder in Herlin. In some cities. Drcselen for instance, the police pro hibiten against socialistic meetings was raised for the first time today. Clean linen will be at a premium in Chicago before many days unless the trouble between the Laundry men's union and the laundry proprietors reaches a settlement. The Laundry men's union decided to go on a strike. In a i astorial letter, the most Rev. Patil F.ruchesi. Roman Catholic Arch bishop cf Montreal, condemns labor leaders and organizers and advises the laboring elasses to pay no heed to strike agitators, but to look for arbi tmuen. en jist and reasonable de mateis. ' Twenty-five million dollars has beea , subscribed for stock to a co-operative company by members of the National Live Stock association to fight the beef trust in the event the latter suc cessfully carries through the merger cf the Chicago packing houses and allied interests. Director Roberts of the mint bureau purchased fifty thousand ounces of silver cn account of the Philippine coinage at IZ 3-S cents an ounce, de livered at San Francisco. The amount offered today was ounces, ranging in price from 53 3-3 cents an ounce to 54 4-5 cents. The transport Thomas will sail from San Francisco for the Philip pine islands, taking the Twenty-third infantry and Twelfth cavalry. The transport also will have on board con siderable treasure, consisting cf 1, 200,('00 silver coins, weighing about forty tons and valued at S00,000. Between seventy and eighty men are in double irons on the United States prison ship Southery at the Charles town, Mass., navy yard as the result of a mutiny which broke out on the receiving ship Wabash. One of the ffieers was assaulted. The men have been sentenced to fiwe years imprison ment on bread and water. Before leaving for the west Secre tary Root approved the recommenda tion of the war college board for the construction f various buildings at army posts throughout the United States. The last session of congress appropriated $6,000,000 for buildings and improvements, or which one mil lion dollars was to be expended at Manila. Queen Wilhelmina has notified the United States government that she appointed Dr. Charles Augustinius Henri Barge to act as umpire In the arbitration between the United States and Venezuela at Caracas, of Ameri can claims. In the interstate debate at Vermil lion, S. D., the orators of South Da kota university defeated the North Da kota university team of Fargo. All the union men employed on the Lcs Angeles. Cal.. railway system were called out. Henry Yates, superintendent of in surance of lilinois and brother of Governor T.ates, died suddenly at his home in Springfield. He suffered a stroke of paralysis, caused by blood clot on the brain. Governor Yates, who was In St. IamiIs was notified. Thomas M. SpoffonT, formerly presi dent of the board of public works and for many 'year3 prominent in Kansas City's affairs, was pronounced Insane by a jury and a guardian appointed to administer his estate, valued at $1, 00,000. . , The largest airship ever devised is now building in San Francisco, and even In its present half-finished con dition it spreads itself out over about a block of territory. It Is made of aluminum, and will be TWENTY GO DOWN PASSENCERS LOSE THEIR LIVES IN A COLLISION. THE DISASTER CAUSED BY FOC The Steamships Saginaw and Ham ilton Come Together on the Virginia Coast Pjnic Stricken Pecple Rush Over the Decks. NORFOLK. Va. A collision that cost the lives of twenty or more and the sinking of the Clyde steamship Saginaw by the Old lminion Steam ship company's liner Hamilton, oc curred between Winter Quarter light ship and Fenwick Island lightship oa the Virginia coast at. 4: -So Wednesday morning. A dense fog settled along the coat shortly after nightfall, whiich made it impossible for tin sailors to see each other's vessels, though the warning whistles wen? heard by both. Run ning at reduced speed Hamilton smashed in Saginaw's side about twenty feet from the stern. According to Captain Hoax of Ham ilton, his ship was making about nine miles an hour and Saginaw about ten. The fog was so thick that objects a ship's length away were invisible, and when the two boats hove in sight of each other, bow on, there was but a moment's interim before they met. Saginaw veered, as did Hamilton, but they had not time to clear, till the steel prow of the Old Dominion ves sel cut away the entire rear part of the Clyde ship. Saginaw settled rapidly and by the time Hamilton reversed steam and hove in sight again its stern was un der water. Panic-stricken people rushed over the decks and scrambled toward the bow. Iife-boats were lowered and info the first fifteen colored women were placed. The boat was swamped as it struck the water and its occu pants were thrown into the sea. All were drowned save the second officer. Hamilton hovered around the wreck for more than an hour, but no sign of life could be seen among the mass of floating freight. Two 'bodies, one of a man and the other of a woman, Clad only in night clothes, were ob served drifting between bales of cot ton and cases of goods. Railroad Wins Land Suit. WASHINGTON, D. C The su preme court of the United States de cided the case of the Oregon &. Cali fornia Railroad company against the United States in a case involving cer tain lands in Oregon, which were claimed by the railroad company un der patents issued in 1S71 under the Oregon donation act. The decision was favorable to the company. The contention in behalf of the United States was that the patent had been issued by mistake, as the land in dis pute had been located as early as 1S5:?. but the court held that as the land had not been reclaimed, as re quired by law, the settlement of 1853 wa3 not vaTid. Coup Abandoned or Postponed. WASHINGTON, D. C The Chinese minister called upon Secretary Hay and discussed the Manchurian situa tion. There is good reason to be lieve that negotiations have taken a more favorable turn and that the Rus sian coup which was expected has been indefinitely postponed. Mad Mullah Is Repulsed. ADEN, Arabia. It is rumored that the Mad Mullah has recently attacked a British column at Galadi, Somali land, and was repulsed with heavy loss. The British also suffered con siderably. Roosevelt Wires Dewey. WASHINGTON. D. C President Roosevelt recognized the anniversary of the victory of Manila bay, May 1, 1S98. by sending the following tele gram to the hero of that occasion: "TOPEKA. Kas To George Dewey, Admiral United States Navy, Wash ington: On this anniversary of your great services to the nation I wish you all possible happiness and long life " THEODORE ROOSEVELT." Vasquez Government Has Fallen. WASHINGTON. D. C An undated telegram from Minister Powell from Port-au-Prince reports that the Vas quez government has fallen, that a new provisional government has been created. Actor Macklin Dies. LONDON. F. H. Macklin, the actor, is dead. He once made a tour of the United States with Sir Henry Irvlng's company. bigger than the ordinary Mississippi river steamboat. More than $100,000 has already been spent on the machine and it will cost more than $200,000. Charles Stanley is the inventor. AGAIN MAYOR OF OMAHA. Frank Moores Succeeds Himself to the Mayoralty. OMAHA At the election Tuesday Frank I'. Moores was ejected mayor for the third time by a plurality of about l.ooo. With the mayor the republicans elect the treasurer, clerk and seven of the nine members of the city council. The totals for mayor are: Moores, republican, J.04:5; Howell, democrat, 4.544; Moore, socialist, 1,4:J1, and Ben son, independent, 5.1't. Under the verdict of the voters .Mayor Moores will succeed himself and on May 2C will begin his third term as mayor of Omaha. MRS. EURDICK GETS $25,000. Portion cf Pennell's Insurance Gees to Her. BUFFALO, N. Y. By an order hand ed down by Justice Kruse, in the su preme ourt Monday, Attorney Wal lace. Thayer will get $10,000 insurance left by Arthur R. Pennell. A decision of the court some time ago gave Thayer '$15,000 insurance from an other company. The $25,000, it is un derstood, goes to Mrs. Burdick. Mr. Thayer sued for the money as trustee of a secret charge left by Pen-ne-li. Opposition to the suit instituted by J. Fredrick Pennell as adminis trator for his brother's estate was dropped after the document left in Thayer's hands had been examined. MONEY MARKET STRINGENT. Wabash Abandons Construction in West Virginia. PARKERS BURG, W. Va The Wa bash has abandoned work on its Lit tle Kanawha extension, one of the most important links in the trunk lines. This was determined on at a meeting in New York. A statement' was received here from President Blair, who says: ' Owing to the stringency of the money market it has been decided to go no further with the Little Kanawha extension from Burnsville, W. Va., and the line westward to Zanesville, O., a read which will cost $6,000,000. This action was taken by Mr. Gould, Mr. Ramsey and myself. Cur property along this line will not be sold now, but at present there is no chance for the completion of the Wabash trunk line in this state." Held Up the Contractors. NEW YORK Henry C. Wilson, for merly chief clerk in the financial de partment of the United States army, was put on trial Tuesday on a charge of attempted extortion. It is alleged that he collected $4,500 from a firm of contractors for the use of government boats to fill in Riker's island, though the government had granted their use free. Buy Timber Pulp Lends. ST. JOSEPH, N. B A syndicate of American and Canadian capitalists, headed by Henry Melville Whitney, of Boston, has purchased 2,000,000 acres of timber pulp lands in New foundland and intends to undertake development on a large scale. The syndicate paid over $1,000,000 for its proprieties. Denies Funston's Request. WASHINGTON, D. C The judge advocate general, by direction of Sec retary Root, sent a letter to General Funston denying the Iatter's request for a court of inquiry in connection with the charges that General Funston had been guilty of cruelty to Filipinos. Find Clews, but Not Men. HONG KONG The United States gunboat Callao, which was dispatched to the nearest point up the river from Canton, to aid the engineers recently attacked by a mob, reports having found the broken instruments and the books belonging to the engineers and the empty drifting house boat. Thousands of Cattle Die. SHARON SPRINGS, Kan. Snow in the valleys yet tells of the severity of the past week's storm in western Kansas. Farmers are coming in with reports of serious cattle losses. It is probable that more cattle have been killed than In all other storms of the winter combined. In Wallace county the losses will amount to 500 head, while other counties have equal losses, owing to the stock drifting against barb wire fences. Troubles cf Consul Langer. BERLIN The United State-s consul at Soringen, Joseph J. Langer. who was fined $7.50 by a judge in Solingen for disorderly conduct in the court room, and sentenced to one day's ar rest for continued disorderly conduct, will appear before the minister of justice at Schoenstadt for redress. The sentence against the consul was sus pended by the Soringen judge but it room, and sentenced to one day's ar was not cancelled. RESULTS OF All EXCURSION Fast Express Plows Into a Crowd that Had Swarmed Onto Tracks Man gled Bodies Hurled 'n Every Direc tion DETROIT, Mich. The Grand Trunk Pan-American flyer from Chicago ran ing, killing between ' ten and fifteen men and seriously injuring about thirty more. The majority of the killed ami wounded are from Toledo. Fifteen hundred Polanders from Toledo came i:p to Detroit in the morning on a special Lake Shore train to celebrate a holiday here. They left the corner of Dequin der and Canfield streets and went over to St. Joseph's church, where they spent the day with that congre gation. The Lake Shore tracks run out De quinder street and a special train was to stop for the Toledo excursionists at Canfield street at 8:30 o'clock. Ac companied by hundreds at their local friends, waiting for the train, the ex cursionists jammed Canfield street some time before the train was due in readiness for it. When the train was sighted the crowd pushed across the track and onto the Grand Trunk tracks, which adjoin those of the Lake Shore, just as the Grand Trunk Pan American flyer came thundering in from the west. The people were thrown into the air and dashed to eith er side of the track. Many of them were ground under the wheele. The police department was notified and all the ambulances in the city rushed to the scene. The vic tims were scattered along the track for a distance of two blocks. Lanterns were procured and the work of rescue began immediately. The scene reflected by the light of the lanterns was horrible. Gradually the mangled and crushed were recov ered and sent to the hospitals, where there was a flicker of life, and to the morgue when there was none. At 9 o'clock the police had identi fied four of the dead. Patrolman Schultz, who was one of UNITED STATES. The United States cable ship Burn side, launched last week at the Heath shipyards, Tacoma, Wash., is by all odds the largest steamship ever con structed at any of the Tacoma ship yard's, and members of the Chamber of Commerce and the business elea ment of the city were present in large numbers to witness her christening. The vessel is due at Sitka early in June to commence work on the Alas kan cable. the officers on duty at the crossing, said: "We made every effort to keep the people off the tracks, but it was impossible. There were 1,500 excur sionists going back to Toledo and twice that number of local Poles, who had been entertaining them and were down at the crossing to see them off. Those behind pushed and shoved the foremost ones and they crawled under the gates, which were down properly, or jumped over them, despite our best efforts. There was no warning what ever of the approach of the Grand Trunk train. No whistle was blown and the bell was not ringing. Murder Trial in the Navy. WASHINGTON, D. C The navy department is making up the detail of a court martial which will try Wil liam Anthony, a colored sailor on the Olympia, for killing another colored sailor while the ship was in the maneuvers. The court will be held by Captain Swinburne of the Texas and Captain Lane of the marine corps will serve as judge advocate. It will meet at Norfolk in a few days. Will Start West Tuesday. WASHINGTON, D. C The party of German landholders and experts In agriculture who are to make a tour of the United States spent Sunday in Washington sight-seeing. They will remain until Tuesday, when they leave for the west, stopping first at Martins burg, W. Va., where a fruit nursery will be visited. John I. Schulte. as sistant chief of the department of agri culture, will accompany the Germans. To Regulate Match Sales. NEW YORK The new regulations regarding the sale of matches went into effect at midnight. May 1st. No one, unless he has a license, may give away or sell matches. Retail dealers may not sell matches with more than 1.000 in a. box, and the splints cf matches must be strong. They must ignite easily and with little noise and the heads must not fly off. Violation of this ordinance is punishable by a $5 fine. COAL PAYS BIG DIVIDEND. Lackawana & Western President Tells Commission 7 Per Cent is Earned NEW YORK When the Interstate Commerce commission met Friday Mr. Shearn asked that further hearings be adjourned to enable him to prepare statements for the federal court re garding the railroad's refusal to pro duce their accounts. This was agreed to. William H. Truesdale, president of the Delaware, Lackawana ti. Western, was put on the witness stand and ex plained that a clause in his company's charter gave it authority to own and operate mines. He was questioned at length as to the capital and earning of the company, and, replying, said a dividend of 7 per cent was paid in 1901. Despit3 objection by Albert S. Moot of the Susquehanna road, the freight schedule of the Deleware, Lackawana CABLE SHIP BURNSIDE. &; Western Road was admitted. An analysis showed the average rate per ton-mile on coal to be S 9-10 mills and on other merchandise G 8-10 mills. REVOLUTION NOT PUT DOWN. Nicaraguan Revolutionary Junta Is Hopeful of Success. PANAMA, Columbia. The official news emanating from Managuay, Nica ragua, to the effect that the revolution has been put down is coniradicted. The Nicaraguan revolutionary junta here has received a report from Gen eral Emalanio Chamenro, saying that the Nicaraguan government steamer Once de Julio has been sunk by the rebel vessel Victoria. The entire crew of the government boat was lost, notwithstanding the efforts made to save them. The rebel victory at Acoypa and the capture of Omotepe and San Carlos has been confirmed. The members of the juna are hopeful of success and declare that the rebels cannot be attacked, the government forces being not sufficiently strong to do so. New Mast for Shamrock III. GLASGOW The new mast intended for. Shamrock III has been completed and will be stepped Friday. It is hoped the cup challenger will be ready for a trial spin May 6. Turks Defeat Insurgents.. SALONICA, European Turkey. A band of about 500 insurgents, partly in Bulgarian uniforms, was defeated by a Turkish force- near Radovitz April 19. -One Million and a Quarter. CHICAGO The plant of the Inter national Salt company, located at South Chicago, and, three boats lying in the Calumet river were destroyed by fire Count the Fruit Lost. PERU, Neb One inch of snow covered the ground Thursday morning and" the best prospect in years for fruit seems to be entirelv destroyed by the freeze. S W I ascs: n.i."-.' THE EXPOSITION. President Receives anti Dedicates the Grounds. ST. LOUIS The rites which pres ent the Louisiana Purchase exposition to the world wvre performed in the Liberal Arts building Thursday with all the dignity and splendor befitting such an occasion. A parade of llooo soldiers down Lin dell boulevard to the World's fair grounds formed a brilliant prelude to the ceremony of dedication. This prelude over, do, 000 people were crowded into the big auditorium where, in the presence of ollieial iej resentativos of all the civilised na tions of the world, the words of dedi cation were spoken by the president of the United Stales. As the last, syllable fell from the president's lips, and as the words of dedication wco completed, ;o,o0o voices rose in a pro digious basft note of api l.iuse. Following the invocation of the cardinal, former United States Sena tor Thomas H. Carter of the national commission, who acted as presi dent of the da3 was introduced, ana made a speech. After the rendU'on of "The Heavens Proclaiming," by the chorus of 2,000 voices, David R. Francis, president of the fair association, de livered an address, presenting the buildings of the fair. At the close of President Francis' address terrific cheers broke to greet President Roosevelt, whose dedication address was, in part, as follows: "The work of expansion was by far the greatest work of our people dur ing the years that intervened between the adoption of the constitution and the outbreak of the civil war. "Never before had the world seen the kind of national expansion which gave our people all that part of the American continent lying west of the thirteen original states; the greatest landmark in which was the Louisiana purchase. "When our forefatners joined to call into being this action, they undertook a task for which (here was but little encouraging precedent. The develop ment of civilization from the earliest period seemed to show the truth of two propositions: In the firfct place, it had always proved exceedingly diffi cult to secure both freedom and strength in any government; and in the second place, it i.ad always proved well-nigh impossible for a nation to expand without either breaking up or becoming a centralized tyranny." The exercises closed by r. benedic tion by Bishop Potter of New York. At the. conclusion of the speeches, be ing the 100th anniversary of the sign ing of the treaty which transferred the Louisiana purchase from France to the United States, a centennial salute of aerial guns was fired. Russian Ambassador Talks. WASHINGTON, D. C. Count Cas sini, the, Russian ambassador, called at the state department Thursday and had a long interview with Secretary Hay, in which the whole .Manchurian matter is understood to have been fully and frankly discussed. The dis cussion throughout was of the most amicable and satisfactory character, called later, and discussed Manchurian matters. Term Marriage Scandalous. LONDON At Wednesday's session of the London diocesan conference the bishop of London, Right Reverend Arthur E. Ingram, received a letter from representatives of the clergv of the diocese drawing attention to the Vanderbilt-Rutherford wedding and requesting him to make such reference during the conference "to this scan dalous and deplorable incident as shall serve to ally the distress of the clergy. Hay Makes Acknowledgment. WASHINGTON Secretary Hay has made a graceful acknowledgment of Russia's statement of its purposes rel ative to' Manchuria. The secretary's note, addressed to Count Cassini, ex presses regret that there should have been even a temporary misconception of doubt as to Russia's position in the matter and seizes the opportunity to 1 return the thanks of this government . for the frank and satisfactory declar- : ation of Russian principles. , i Mrs. H. B. Rradshaw, of Guthrie, Okla., cured of a severe case by Lydia 13. Piiikliam's Vegetable Compound. A great many women Miffcr with a form of indigestion or dyKiepsiii which does not wem to yield to ordinary medical treatment. While the F.yinp toitis seem to be Miuilar to thoM' f ordinary indigestion, yet Hie medi cines universally prescribed 1 ut. t-eem to re-store the. patient's normal oiidit ion. ,"lrs. I'ilikliaiil claims that 1h-m is a kind ef el yscMa that is caused by deraneiiu-nt of the female organ ism, and which, while it cnin"- dis turbance similar to ordinary indiges tion, cannot ! rel'ie-ved without a medicine which tnt only acts as n Ktotraeh tonic, bet has peculiar utei ine iem'ui I'tTi'e ts as well. Thousands of testimonial let ters prove leyoiil iiestion that, nothing will relieve this distress ing eenlitin so surely n Lli;i i:. I'iukham's Veehihle om jmtiuel. It alwas works in har mony with the female system. Mrs. I'inKham alises sick wamen free. Aehli es.s Lynn, ."Mass. A bard in this land is weuth two in the- Bush. Do Your Feet Ache and Durn? Shake; in to yenir shoe-s. Alley's Feiot Ease a powde-r for the fe e t. It make s tight eir New Shees fe-e-1 Hasy. Cures Swollen, Hot, Sweating Feet, Cernn and Uunions. At all Druggists ami oheo Store s, ll.'.c. . Sample- sent FREE. Address Allen S. Olmsted, LeRoy, N. Y. A hair on the head is worth two o' the brush. To CTure n 0ll in One ilny. Take Liixutive limine (Jmniiu TnhJtMx. All Jruggists refund money if itfailbtocure. 'JXj. We are tedd that the- truth will out and it seems to be e ve rlastingly out of sejlne pooplj. DR. COPFUE Discovers Remedies That Restore Sight to Blind People. Dr. W. O. CofTcc, :i not'-il ecu!ist. Wf) Good Block, lies Moini-s, Iowa, lias iliKcove-re-d in-rl-iciiics for the e-ye-s that ne-nple can ijw iit Im.n.o ni -ur- Cataracts. Senilis. (iramilaU-ei JJi, Jk-crsor Blindness unl rexw.ret siint. I r. ( Jo.lee-. lias inil.i ish-l an Sn iumh txx.lt on 'Jyi- Disesiscs which he will scnil i-'ree to -e ry e:i4ler of this jKifKT. This hook t-lls liow to prevent old sit-ht iiii-l rniike weak eyes Mrtiiif:. vVrltc Dr. Coffee louay tor his book. Great men are; ordinary men with their shoes care-fuly pedished. Those Who Have Tried ft wIH use no other. l)eflnn-e t'ulcl Water Starch has no i,iinl in Quantity or Qual ity 16 oz. fejr 10 e eiits. Other brands con tain oulv Yi ' Igneratice and eorice-it jire twins. Hypocrisy always hews toe) lejw. Iowa Farms S4 Per Acre Cash, butanrc rj. till I'uM MI'MI AM.. Mo-ijt I Ii y. I- The best man in a cont rev-rsy is the; one- wh (l.x s the' most list'-nirjg. Lewi' "Single Hinder"' st might .V: e-ig.-ir. Made ef rip-, mellow tobacco, so rich in eplality that many who formerly fiuokcd Pic cigars now smoke I-wis' "Sjnglw Dinder." The phrase "single- ble sse-dncss" was coineel by some; anenymouH marrie-d man. itrn cross iiavi. nr.fR Should le in -very home;. Ask your grocer for it. Large l 02. juu-kuge only 0 cent. A Royal Bull Fighter. Prominent among the king of Portu gal's varied tastes is an English pas siem fer sports of all kinds anl it In knejwn that ejnee when duke ol I5ra ganza he entered the ring to face the bull "with points unbatod;" that is to say, not paddeei, as is generally the? case in Portugal as distinguished from Spain. One? fjf the ladies ejf the court had dared the eluke tej face; a bull with its horns unguarded anel so he entered the arena in the Spanish manner in cog;.! to. though everyone linew who the bold banderillo was. Unfortuntely the duke slipped anel fell, but, starting up before the hull could charge again, he ran for the barricade and clearel it at a bound Just a moment or two befejre the infuriated animal splintered the wooelwork with its horns. The eld, IsTi.-Lable ylrtue of St Jacobs Oil rrakes It the king cure for and Price, 25c. and 50c. 7 4- A. y 7 7 i A ? v