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About The Plattsmouth journal. (Plattsmouth, Nebraska) 1901-current | View Entire Issue (Jan. 8, 1903)
! ' WORKMEN FIND A "BIRD BTONkV FANOIRAMflC IREVflEW OF TIE YEAEL 0(0)2 Happenings of Importance During The Twelve Months Just Ended CoaJ Sirike the Event of the Year of the Most Fr-RecK-n Importance Public Sen timent Thoroughly Arousru Over the Controversy. The year of 1302 opened with the as rid certainty of the early coming of peace In the Philippine and South Af rica, and with the date for tho establish ment of an Independent government In Cuba already determined; the Congress of the United States was rapidly ap proaching the favorable determination of Ita great problem of the construction of an isthmian ship canal, and abroad Ger many and England were almost ready for combined action against Venezuela In the matter oT those name debt claims which in the concluding day of the year have been the cause for a new strain in the Interpretation of the Monroe doctrine. Hut as the outcome proved, not even the greatest of these matters possessed for the people of the United States such Vital importance an another event, which was far from being foreseen at the time, ami which, when It came, gave at the start little reason to suspect what Its course and conclusion would be. This was the great strike in the anthracite coal minea of Pennsylvania, which lasted through the summer and fall. It was not merely that this was one of the greatrst strikes in the history of the United States for the number of men en gaged, the length of Its duration and the obstinacy with which it was fought; nor was it because of the mere fact of the Inconvenience and loss occasioned by It to the public; nor yet because in securing Its settlement the President of the United States was forced te take control of the situation by acting In a manner for which there was nothing in the constitution or customs of the land to give Justification. Beyond all these things the strike was the most pregnant event of the year, be cause of the way It crystallized sentiment on the part of that great body of the American public the consumers who were concerned In it neither as employ era nor as laborers, but who were forced, by the jeopardizing of their own Inter est as consumers, to intervene for their own protection. It was the approach of wlnfer. with cal-yards empty and the mines un worked. that caused the public to lay aside all old prejudices on one side or the other, penetrate directly to the heart of the problem as to which of the op ponents was the one responsible for the lick of settlement, and then bring pres sure to bear that could not be disregard ed. Dating from the year 1902 it is safe to mi y that not even the most signilicant strike will be contested without a more real recognition of the rights of the long suffering third party, the consumer, than has ever been accorded before. The wide spread sentiment that manifested itself for government ownership of the coal mines and the still wider demand for the strictest government regulation of them. In default of ownership, are other things to be numbered among the permanent results of the strike. The strike began May 12. and the. min ers tid not yield an inch in their resolu tion until they voted to return to work Oct. 21. after arbitration had been ar ranged for. The number of men involved 'was 147.000. The price of hard coal In New 'York, where the factories were accus- itomed to no other fuel, rose from 13 to 'as high as J20 a ton. with often no sup plies to be had. The demand of the min ers was in part for higher wages, but still more for a regulated and fair meth od of weighing and recording the product of the men. by which the union, acting as an organization, could protect its I members' interests. The mine owners, organized In the most (thorough monopoly In the country, and represented by the presidents of the coal carrying railroads, seemed to welcome the strike, and contemptuously declined all proposals of arbitration, from what ever source. Whether their attitude was .dictated by a desire to obtain larger hold ings of stork in a demoralized market or to make possible permanent higher prices for coal, or from a deep antagonism to organized labor, was a matter only for speculation on the part of outsiders. Through the strike there has risen as tone of the greatest among the great flg jurea of Americans of the day. that of IJohn Mitchell, the young leader of the Mine Workers' Union, who June 17. at Indianapolis, prevented the bituminous coal miners from striking in sympathy, who carried on the strike with less ac companying violence than was ever .known in so great industrial disorganiza tion before, and who. despite great per Isonal aggravation from his opponents" methods, maintained a serenity that helped not a little In the clear-sighted progress which he made to ultimate vlc itory. With the finding of President 'Roosevelt's commission of arbitration ,next spring will come the end. as far )a its immediate Incidents are concerned, 'of an industrial struggle that would nev er have begun had the representatives of capital showed themselves as true to their agreements and as Intetligent In 'their views as did the representatives of labor. Independence of Cuba. Of the two great events of the year In connection with the treatment by the United States of the islands that fell under Its Influence as a result of the Spanish war. the first was the inaugura tion of Independent government in Cuba. The Cuban Independence day. when Pres ident Pa I ma took control of the execu tive office, was May 20. Just three days after young Alfonso attained his ma jority and became king of Spain in fact. The popular election had been held Iec. 31. 1J)1. and the electoral college had chosen the Islands president Keb. 24. The American military governor. Gen. Leonard Wood. lowered the American flag and left tbe island to its own re sources. Peace in the Philippines. The Philippine Islands were declared by proclamation of the President July 4. to be in a state of prace and quiet and worthy of th-- establishment of the civil In piace of military government, for which Congress had provided. With this went a proclamation of amnesty to po litical offenders and civil administration began. Through Gov. Taft. the first American envoy ever sent to Rome, arrangements were made with the pope, not formally, but practically, by which the friars' lands In the Philippines shall be trans ferred to the United States, to be resold to the Filipinos themselves. The Philip pine islands were given a 2j per cent reduction on the Dingiey tariff rates at the last session of Congress, and the present session 1 considering the further reduction of this ao that the reduction will be 75 per cent that 1. that only 25 per cent of the schedule duties need be jald. The Year's Legislation. ' Of national legislation during the year there was nana of more Importance to either the commerce or the naval power pt the country than that authorizing he construction of an Isthmian canal. After much discussion of the relative merits of the Panama and the Nlcara STuan routes. Congress made provision for a f200.000.OCO bond Issue and passed m law which gave President Roosevelt the power to decide upon the route. Of other legislation tbe passage of the national irrigation act, turning over the revenues from the national domain for the use of a comprehensive scheme of Irrigation, and the creation of a perma nent census bureau are to be noted. To relieve the congestion of an ever-accumulating surplus. Congress removed the last of the war revenue taxes tuid passed the largest river and harbor bill in the country's history appropriating $5.0O0. 000. A 10-cent a pound tax on colored oleomargarine, so heavy as practically to cut that industry in half, was Im posed. Important Judicial Decision. The most important Judicial decision of the year concerning industrial com binations was that of the United States Supreme Court. March 10. declaring the Illinois anti-trust law void because It ex cepted from Its scope combinations of the producers or raisers of agricultural prod ucts or live stock. End of the Boer War. The Boer war was brought to an end May 31 by, the signing at Pretoria by the Boer representatives, together with Lords Kitchener and Mllner. of a docu ment embodying terms of surrender. The Boers' persistence In the conflict and England were acting la harmony on a plan to compel Venezuela to pay a few millions of debts due their subjects. It was understood they had given the United States assurances that they would not in any way overstep the limits set by the United States in the Monroe doctrine. Their plans were dropped during the spring and summer, however, while President Castro of Ven ezuela found himself busy in suppressing a rather more than usually pretentious revolution. In the last month of the year German and Kngllsh fleets sudden ly appeared off Venezuelan ports, sank Venezuelan ships and announced their Intention to blockade the ports and seize the customs to make good the debts. Arbitration at The Hague was not wanted by the European powers, as they feared Castro would pay no heed to a decision against him, and for that rea son a proposal was made to President Roosevelt to become the arbitrator. The vital feature of this demand was that It sought to Impose on the United States some responsibility under the Monroe doctrine, along with the authority ad mitted to it. Upon the refusal of Presi dent Roosevelt to act as arbitrator the allied powers linally yielded to his ur gent suggestion that the matters at is sue be referred to The Ilugue tribunal for settlement. Matters of General Interest. Of matters of other than political or industrial import during the year two which will be at once thought of are Carnegie's $10,000,000 gift to the Carnegie institution for the fostering of sclentitic research and investigation and Cecil Rhodes' great gift of his fortune by will disasters In history curing the volcanic activity In the West Indian islands, when Mont Pelee's eruption on Martinique killed, with a handful of exceptions, every living being of the city of St. Pierre, 40,000 souls. The response of America to the story of suffering was such a prompt creation of both govern ment and private relief funds as to add an additional great surprise to the many the United States has given to tbe world In the last few years. At the ending of the year nothing, per haps, more striking can be mentioned than the Immense business that Is be ing handled by the transportation lines of the country, the shortage of engines and cars, despite the crowding of all fac tories for their construction to the full limit; the blockading of roads with freight that cannot be handled in short, the plethora East. West. North and South of the business in which the mer chants of the country are engaged. Ac companying thJs has come toward the end of the year a very general increase of railroad employes' salaries, approx imating in most cases 10 per cent. Decrease in Lynching. The lynchings reported in V.Wi show a most gratifying decrease, being but ninety-six as compared with 135 in 1901. Of these lynchings eighty-seven occurred in the South and nine in the North. Of the total number eighty-six were ne groes, nine whites and one Indian. One woman was lynched in South Carolina. Embezzlements of 1902. The record of embezzling, forgery, de faulting, and bank wrecking for 1902 shows a considerable increase, being $6,- Terrible Disaster at Martinique the Most Appalling Calamity. Fires 1.540; Mines 848 Drowning 2.008! Cyclones and ExDloslons 52Ci storms 8t Falling Build- Lightning 206 ines. etc 4191 Klectrlcit V "I Trusts Formed During the Year. New trusts, with a total capital of al most $4,000,000,000. were formed during 1902. Of this vast capital over seven- elehths. or approximately JX700.Ou0.0O0, was the capital of the combines formed In New Jersey. New York, Delaware and Maine. The other companies were scat' tered over all the other states. The to tal la only about J200.000.000 below the In corporations of 1901. when the billion dol lar steel trust and the J4O0.000.0O0 North em Securities Company were formed. King Edward's Coronation. What was expected to have born th most gorgeous spectacle of modern times was the coronation of King Edward VII of England at Westminster Abbey on June 26. In anticipation of the event the British Empire had been preparing be fore 1U02 began and the end of tiie Eoer war was even more welcome, because it enabled Edward to don his crown In a time of perfect peace. As the days drew Legislation of Importance Dealt With by Congress Shadow Cast by the Venezuelan Em brojjlio About to Be Lifted End of Boer War. VSi(e REVIEW OF YEAR. THE CHIEF EVENTS m Us 5 JANUARY. 1 First election day In Cuba. 3 Steamer Walla Walla lost; 41 lives. 6 Jean de Block. Russian economist. died. 7 Emperor returned to Pekln. 8 New York tunnel collision: 13 killed. 9 Nicaraguan bill passed, house. 11 Nixon. Tammany hall leader, died. 14 Kritish warship Condor lost; 130 lives. 17 Earthquake Chilpanclnjo. Mexico; 300 killed. 21 Aubrey de Vere died, London. 24 Treaty signed ceding Danish W. I. 27 Explosion In N. Y. subway; six killed. 25 Admiral Klmberly died, Newton. 23 Fleet St. Are. nine dead. Boston. 30 Fire at Norfolk. Va.; $500,000 loss. 31 Prof. Williams, Ohio Wesleyan Uni versity, died. FEBRUARY. 2 J2.000.000 Are. Waterbury. Conn. 8 Eire Paterson, N. J.; $6,000,000 loss. 10 Fire Springfield. Ohio; $600,000 loss. 11 Anglo-Japanese alliance. ' 12 Marquis of Dufferln died. 13 Fire South Mills. N. C; $500,000 loss. 13 William West, minstrel, died. 17 Senate ratified Danish treaty. 17 War revenue reduction passed. 15 Rev. Newman Hall died. London. 18 Kellogg sanitarium. Battle Creek. burned; $483,000 loss. 20 Troops shot rioters, Barcelona. 20 Fire New York city: $750,000 loss. 21 Bishop Latane. Baltimore, died. 22 Park Ave. hotel burned. New York. 22 "Billy" Emerson died. Boston. 23 Miss Stone freed by brigands. 2:1 Prince Henry reached New York. 24 Boers captured a convoy. 24 Prince Henry at White House. 25 Kaiser's yacht launched. 25 Ship Jules Jean Baptlste lost: SO lives. 2d Victor Hugo centenary. Paris. 27 McKinley memorial service. Wash. MARCH. 2 Francis W. Parker died. Miss. 4 Philippine tariff passed, house. 4 Congressman Polk. Penn.. died. 7 Gen. J. J. Estey died, Vermont. 7 Boers captured Gen. Methuen. 11 Prince Henry left United States. 12 John P. Altgeld died. Illinois. 13 Gen. A. P. Martin died, Boston. 13 Gen. Methuen freed by Boers. 15 Wages advanced 10 per cent. Fall River. 17 Life savers drowned, Monomoy; 7 lives. 17 Ship subsidy passed, senate. IS Fire Hoboken. N. J.; $1,000,000 loss. 20 Judge Noah Davis died, N. Y. 22 Judge Taft of Vermont died. 24 Ma J. Gen. Otis retired. 26 Cecil Rhodes died. South Africa. APRIL. 1 Thos. Dunn English died, N. J. 3 12 hotels burned, Atlantic City; $1,000.- 000 loss. 11 Boer war 2 years old. 11 Gen. Wade Hampton died. S. C. 12 Rev. T. DeWitt Talmage died. Wash ington. IS Cuban reciprocity passed, house. 18 Guatemala earthquake; 2.000 dead. 19 Morgan steamship trust launched. 20 Frank R. Stockton died. Washington. 20 Steamer City of Pittsburg lost; 70 lives. 20 Fire Dallas. Texas; $400,000 loss. 27 Archbishop Williams died, aged SO. 27 J. Sterling Morton died, Chicago. 27 Fire Glens Falls. N. Y. ; $500,000 loss. 28 Sol Smith Russell died, Washington. MAY. 1 W. H. Moody, secretary of navy. 2 Amos J. Cummings of New York died. 4 Potter Palmer died, Chicago. 5 Archbishop Corrigon died. New York. 5 Bret Harte died. London.. 6 Admiral Sampson died. Washington. 6 Fire New Milford. Conn.; $500,000 loss. 8 Paul Ford, author, killed. New York. 8 St. Pierre destroyed by volcano; 40,- 000 lives. 8 Volcanic eruption, St. Vincent; 2.00 lives. 2 Coal strike began. 12 Explosion naphtha, Pittsburg; 23 killed. 12 Steamer Camarta lost. Bay of Bengal; 730 lives. 17 Alfonso XIII crowned. Spain. 17 $400,000 fire. Houlton. Me. . IS Tornado In Texas; 160 dead. 19 Bishop Taylor died. California. 19 Mine explosion Fraterville. Teun.; 200 Killed 20 Natal day. republic of Cuba. 20 Palma, president of Cuba. through 25 20 Edwin Lawrence Godkln died. 21 Bradbury piano works, Brooklyn, burned: $500,000 loss. 22 Annie Clarke died. Chicago. 23 Mine explosion Fernle. B. C: 175 lives. 24 Rochambeau statue unveiled, Wash ington. 24 Lord Pauncefote died. Washington. 26 Benjamin-Constant. French painter, died. 31 Boer war ended; two years seven months twenty days. JUNE. 3 Philippine government bill through senate. 3 Rev. John H. Barrows died. Ohio. 4 Ard Patrick won the Derby. u Volcanic eruption, Guatemala; 1,000 lives. 7 M. Combes, premier of France. 7 Amnesty for Americans, Cuba. 5 Rev. G. H. Hepworth died. New York. 9 Anti-anarchy bill passed, house. 9 President Patton, Princeton, resigned. 11 West Point centennial. 13 Fire Alexander City, Ala. : $750,000 loss, 19 King Albert of Saxony died. 22 Fire Portland, Oregon; $600,000 loss. 24 King Edward's surgical operation. 24 Coronation postponed. England. 24 Henry Hopkins, president of Wil liams. 23 Forest fires In Colorado; $1,000,000 loss. 5 Great windstorm, Indiana; $2,000,000 loss. 26 Philippine government bill house. 28 Roosevelt signed canal bill. JULY. 3Treaty of amity with Spain. 4 Peace declared In Philippines. 7 Marshall Williams, Ohio chief justice, died. 10 "Mrs. Alexander" died, London. 12 Kitchener back In England. 12 Archbishop Feehan died, Chicago. 13 Lord Salisbury resigned. 13 Balfour, premier of England. 13 Liang Chen Tung, minister to United States. 14 Gen. Davis In command, Manila. 17 Isles of Shoals, 14 drowned. 20 John W. Mackay died. London. 21 Steamer Premier sunk, Elbe river, Germany; 60 lives. 22 Cardinal Ledochowskl died. Rome. 22 Archbishop Croke died, Ireland. 25 Korea's independence guaranteed. 25 Jeffries whipped Fitzsimmons. 28 Rabbi Joseph, head American ortho dox Jews, died. 29 Fire Pittsburg. Pa.; $200,000 loss. 29 Paul Vandervoort, former G. A. R. commander, died. 30 Troops out, Pennsylvania coal fields. AUGUST. 1 Rev. Atkinson drowned. Plymouth. 6 Outlaw Tracy dead, Oregon. 6 Col. Hooker died, Brattleboro. 6 Barcelona. Venezuela, sacked. 9 Edward VII crowned. London. 10 Senator McMillan of Michigan died. 15 Luther R. Marsh died. New York. 16 Boer generals in England. 18 Prof. Schenk died, Austria. 15 Volcano eruption Torishima. Japan; 150 lives. 20 Explosion paper mill Wilmington. Del aware; 10 lives. 20 War maneuvers, northeast coast. 20 Cronje left St. Helena. 21 Gen. Sigel died. New York. 22 Roosevelt on New England tour. 29 Dan Patch, mile 1:591$. 30 Another eruption. Mt Pelee. SEPTEMBER. 1 Thirty-eight vessels lost. Algoa bay, Africa; 70 lives. 2 Edward Eggleston. author, died. 8 Roosevelt Injured. Plttsfleld. 6 Prof. Virchow died. Berlin. 6 Roosevelt on southern tour. 6 Germans sank gunboat, Hayti. 7 Magazine exploded. Governor's Island. 8 U. S. treasury, $574,000,000 gold. 11 United States warships sent to Pan ama. 12 Alex. R. ("Boss") Shepherd, died. 13 Forest 1'res Oregon and Washington; loss. 500.000; 38 lives. 14 W. S. ;ratton died. Colorado. 15 Judge Horace Gray died, Nahant. 16 Nlchola- Fish killed. New York. 16 Henderson's declination, Iowa. 17 Mine explosion BlueBeld. W Va.; 17 lives. IS Peary failed to reach pole. 20 Roosevelt on western trip. 21 Second eruption Mont Pelee; 1,600 lives. 24 Third eruption Mont Pelee; 2,000 lives. 23 11 26 Cyclone in Sicily: 500 killed. 27 Railroad wreck Arlcux. France; killed. 28 Fire Stockton. Cal.: $300,000 loss. 29 Emlle Zola died. Paris. OCTOBER. 1 Admiral Jouett died, Maryland. 1 Roosevelt summoned coal barons. 1 Schooner Sybil lost at sea; 100 lives. 1 Steamer Quirang lost at sea; 50 lives. 3 White House coal conference. 6 Pennsylvania militia all ordered out. 7 Ex-Congressman Grout died, Vermont. S Miners voted to continue idle. 9 Mine accident Black Diamond, Wash ington; 17 lives. 9 Coral conference. New York. 13 Coal barons come to terms. 13 Lipton's challenge arrived. 15 Coal commission named. 15 Admiral Setfridge died. Waverley. 15 Another eruption of Soufriere. 15 Glucose works burned, Chicago; lives. 16 Miners' convention called. 17 Kitchener to command, India. 18 Castro won 7-days' battle. 19 Fire Albany. N. Y. : $500,000 loss. 21 Coal strike declared off. 22 Denmark refuses to sell islands. 23 Coal mining resumed. 23 Congressman Russell of Connecticut died. 24 Coal commission at work. W. Wilson, pres. of Princeton. Frank Norrls, author, died. 26 Elizabeth Cady Stanton died. New York. 27 Prince Alert, one-half mile, 57?4s. 2S Volcanic eruption, Guatemala; 7.000 lives. 31 British cable around world. NOVEMBER. 2 St. Pierre. Martinique, burned. 2 Steamer Enero lost off English coast; 22 lives. 4 Fireworks explosion Madison Square, New York: 15 lives. Bond-Hay treaty signed. 8 Judge Nathan Webb died. Maine. 10 Spanish cabinet resigned. 11 R. M. Field died, Boston. 11 Molineux acquitted. New York. 13 Railroad raised wages. 14 Boiler explosion Swift's packing house, Chicago; 13 lives. 14 Roosevelt hunted bear, Mississippi. 15 Shots fired at King Leopold. 15 P. O. Vickery died, Maine. 16 Armour packing plant, Sioux City, burned; loss, $900,000. 17 Building cup defender, Bristol. 21 Peace in Colombia. 21 Steamer sunk in Danube; 30 lives. 22 Wisconsin Central ore docks. Ash land, Wis., burned: loss. $525,000. 22 Herr Krupp died, Germany. 24 Riots In Havana, 25 Thos. P. Ochiltree died. Virginia. 27 Cattle embargo. New England. 27 Steamer Sylvanus J. Macy lost. Lake Erie; 18 lives. 27 Steamer Bannockburn lost. Lake Su perior; 20 lives. 28 Rev. Joseph Parker died. London. DECEMBER. States vM m Supreme 2 Holmes for United court bench. - 2 Message to Congress on trusts. 4 Minister Buck died. Japan. 6 Sllvela, premier of Spain. 6 Alice Freeman Palmer died, Paris. 7 Thos. Nast died. Ecuador. 7 Thos. B. Reed died, Washington. 8 Ultimatum to Venezuela. 9 Venezuelan ships sunk. 9 Castro arrested foreigners. 9 Fire Atlanta. Ga.: loss $1,000,000. 13 Puerto Cabello bombarded. 13 American sheet steel plant, Canal Do ver, Ohio, burned; loss $1,000,000.' 14 Mrs. U. S. Grant died. Washington. 14 Laying new Pacific cable. 20 Venezuelan ports blockaded. 20 Humbert family, French swindlers. arrested In Madrid. 20 $20,000,000 fund raised by Methodists. 20 Arbitration expected. Venezuela. 21 Wireless message across Atlantic. 22 Dr. Temple, archbishop of Canter bury, died. 22 Railroad collision Byron, Cal.; 16 lives. 26 Mary Hartwell Catherwood, novelist, died. 27 Storm Copenhagen, Denmark; 12 lives. 27 Railroad collision Wanstead, Ont.; 2S lives. 30 Afentlst printing plant. Battle Creek. 3iicli., burned: 31 Castro agrees tribunal. loss. $500. COO. to arbitration Ha sue 1 SCJ&Cr.GCJGCri&CrSr: ii . ft & had won for them the conditions on which they had insisted when they were ready to yield more than a year before. They had not been holding out for Inde pendence, but for clemency for their leaders and for the return to South Africa of the Boer prisoners on English Islands. They gained these things and also the gift of $15,000,000 in cash to be used In the restoration of their agricul ture, and promises of further loans as thev needed them, together with the assurance that self-government on colon ial lines would be rapidly granted them. Th Venezuela Imbroglio. At tbe beginning of the year Germany to enable some hundreds of American and colonial youths to study at Oxford by the aid of three-year fellowships. The sending of the first wireless mes sage across the ocean by the Marconi system was ono of the great achieve ments of the year. The first signals were sent In August from Nova Scotia to Cornwall, but In December they were followed by complete messages from Lord Minto, governor general of Canada, to King Edward and to the king of Italy. In the matter of the navigation of the air some progress was made, as notably when Stanley Spencer sailed thirty miles across London In September. The year witnessed one of tbe greatest 709,125. as compared with $4,085,569 In 1901. Fire Losses in 1902. The total fire losses of 19G2 will be about $154,600,000. which is an Improve ment In the situation as compared with 1S0L 1e decrease In the fire waste would have been still more marked but for sev eral large fires in December. The losses this year of $100,000 and upwards reached a total of $76,650,000. Disasters in the United States. The following tablt gives the loss of life resulting from tlisasters of various kinds In this countr;i during 1902 as reported: near the Ambassadors from the farthest ends of the earth came to London, al ready overcrowded by visitors fron all lands. The ceremonies, retaining nearly all the mediaeval formalities, were care fully planned and minutely rehearsed, while the public rushed eagerly to buy seats erected along the line of march and the nobility of the realm concerned them selves with the ceremony in the Abbey. The king came up to London In very 111 health. On the 24th of June he took to his bed. and on the following day a co terie of the most eminent physicians and surgeons of the realm determined that an operation was necessary to save him from death of an ailment closely resembling appendicitis. On the 25th Sir Frederick Treves performed the operation, and for many days the King hovered between life and death. Coronation gayety gave place to gloom, thousands of visitors. Including some of the ambassadors, returned home. Hundreds of tradesmen who had antici pated large profits found themselves im poverished, and an expectant sadness prevailed throughout the empire. Slowly, however, the King began to Improve, and on August 9 the ceremony took place. It was a gorgeous affair and one that would have been long remembered as having eclipsed all former Jubilees had It net been for the unfortunate postpone ment and the serious Illness of the King. On July 11 Lord Salisbury resigned the Premiership of Groat Uritaln and was succeeded the following day by his nephew. Arthur James Balfour. Two days later Sir .Michael lllcks-Heach re signed as Chancellor of the Exchequer, but since that tluro has been no change of Importance in the new Premier's cab inet. Religious Movements In 1902. There has been perhaps nothing more striking in the religious history of th year just closed than the disposition of religious bodies of different names to "get together" In the practical prosecu tion of their work. Nothing decisive has yet come of the movement for n union of the Methodist ehurelies North and South, nor of the Northern and Southern Presbyterians, but progress has been made. The project for bringing together the Congregationallsts. the Methodist protostants and the United Brethren has made hopeful advance. The missionary activities of the churches have been greatly stimulated. Most of the foreign mission boards are out of debt. New openings In China. In the Philippines and elsewhere are eager ly utilized. The convention of Sludent Volunteers in Canada last summer showed hundreds of college-bred younR men and women In readiness to enter the mission Held as soon a3 the oppor tunity offered. Finally, the year has been one of gen erous giving. The most remarkable single instance is found in the Methodist church. Three years ago. on "watch night," there went out from p. Spring field church a call for a twenty-milllon-dollar fund for the de'elopment of Meth odist relisloua and educational work. Dec. 31, in the same church, to tho peo ple assembled to watch out the Old Year, was made the official announcement of the completion of this noble fund. It Is a great achievement, which fittingly crowns the closing year. The November Elections. The general elections of November 4 re sulted In the election of the Fifty-eighth Congress as follows: Republicans, 208; Democrats. ITS. November 4. Of the states in which United States Senators are to be chosen the following elected Republican legisla tor es: California. Connecticut, Delaware, Idaho. Illinois, Indiana, Kansas. Michi gan, New Hampshire, New York, Nortfc Dakota. Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Utah. Washington and Wisconsin. Demo cratic legislatures were chosen in Colo rado. Florida, Missouri, Nevada, North Carolina and South Carolina. The foMowing state governors were elected: Alabama, Wiliiam D. Jelks (Dem.); California. Dr. George C. Par dee (Rep.); Colorado, James 11. Peabody (Rep.); Connecticut, Ablram Chamber- Iain (Rep.) ; Idaho, John T. Morrison (Rep.): Kansas, Willis J. Bailey (Rep.); Massachusetts. John L. Bates (Rep.); Michigan. Aaron T. Bliss (Rep.); Minne sota, Samuel R. Van Sant (Rep.): Ne braska, John II. Mickey (Rep.); Nevada, John Sparks (Dem. Silver); New Hamp shire, Nan urn J. Bachelder (Rep.); New York, Benjamin B. Odell. Jr. (Rep.), North Dakota, Frank White (Rep.); Pennsylvania, Samuel W. Pennypacker (Rep.); Rhode Island, Dr. L. F. C. Gar vin (Dem); South Carolina, Duncan C. Hey ward (Dem.); South Dakota, Charles N. Herreid (Rep.); Tennessee, James B. Frazier (Dem.); Texas, Samuel W. T. Lanham (Dem.); Wisconsin, Robert M. LaFollette (Rep.); Wyoming, De Forest Richards (Rep..;. Re-elected. New York City gave a Democratic plu rality of 121.000. Prince Henry's Visit. Four days later and on tne same day Mrs. Stone was released, February 23, i Prince Henry of Prussia, brother of Kais er William of Germany, landed In New York, and as the nation's guest was ac corded a grander welcome than ever given a foreign visitor. He came to rep resent hi3 brother at the launching ot hi3 yacht, the Mtteor, built by an Ameri can firm and christened by Miss Alice Roosevelt at Shooter's Island, New York, February 25. On the 27th the Prince. hi suite and the diplomatic corps at Wash, ington attended a session of both Houses of Cengress In the Senate Chamber, at which Secretary of State Hay delivered his memorial address in eulogy of the late President McKinley. During the re mainder of his visit the Prince's special train bore him westward, as far as SL Louis, Milwaukee end Chicago, south as far as Chattanooga, where a brief but enthusiastic welcome awaited him at every stop. ile sailed for home on Fins 8peclmen of Prehlstorlo Relic Unearthed at 8trator, III. A floe specimen of tho prehistoric "bird stone" was unearthed at Btrcat or. 111., by workmen employed by tbe Chicago ic Alton railroad. It ia Ave and a half inches long and an' Inch and a half high, and archeologlsts bave pronounced It a- magnificent specimen. A "bird stone," while of tbe unde fined clans of prehistoric ornaments or charms which have boon called "ceremonials," represents stone ago art of ao mean degree. This speci men is finely finished and polished and Is extraordinary In Its workman ship, gracefulness and beauty.. It rep resents, perhaps, the highest achieve ment of prehistoric American, art. Many theories regarding the use made of "bird slonos" are fanciful. It has beon asserted that they were worn by. married Indian women. Again, it is claimed that "bird stones" were worn by Indian conjurers, and Btlll another sueus Is that they were hound to the prows of cunoes. It has also been guessed thai tlioy were ei ployed In playing a name; that th were totcmH of tribes and clans, antl that they were tallHinuns in some way connected with tho bunt for water fowl. This "bird stone" une-arthed by tho ChleaRo & Alton engineers must have been hammered or peeked into shape, and afterward ground to Its present form, and then pollBhed diligently, for it is nearly as smooth as glasH. Con sideration of the then existing con ditions demons! rates the diHleulty of making the object and the dexterity and workmanship required. THE GAME OF GOLF. How Exercise May be Dangerous for Aged Beginners. Tho sneer that golf is a game only for those not agile and venture some enough for games of greater danger has long ago faded from golT criticism, and now It has actually come to pass that golf is arraigned as a game dangerous for men who may be described as "a;ed." It Is said that if a man all through his life has followed sedentary habits, allowing his muscles to become weak and flabby, particularly those muscles in the region of the heart, golf may very easily prove too severe a strain lor his system. Hut in the pages of a golf journal this view is partially criti cised by ono who did not begin the game till he was very near the neigh borhood of sixty. He declares that it is a matter of beginning gently, and he tells us that in his own case ho does not find two rounds a day par ticularly exhausting. At the same time he confesses that he has always ben an enthusiast for outdoor exer cise, and is inclined to think that for a man who has never taken physical exercise rather a rare experience it may be a little exhausting to begin with. It is all a matter of not over doing it at first, but, unfortunately, so attractive is tho game that the oldest beginners are tempted to go in for it rather more vigorously than Is wise. The result of all this latest pother seems to be that like everything else in life it is wisdom at the outset to "go slow," and this is a verdict that "aged beginners" should lay to heart. Surprised Card Party. Three civil engineers while travel ing from Amiens to Paris began to play cards on an apparently aban doned lunch basket of largo dimen sions, which had been lying on the hat rack. It appeared to be rather heavy, but they supposed it to be full of plates. The basket was placed on end and a leather port folio placed on tho top to form a table. Suddenly they were startled to hear loud cries, which came from the bas ket. It was opened, and a threo-months-old baby was found Inside. The baby was neatly dressed, and bore a card, on which was written: "To be delivered to Mme. Forsey, Creuil." The three men did their best to keep the child quiet until the train stopped at the next station. It was Creuil, and there a respectably dressed woman canae forward and claimed to be the owner of the baby. It appears that the child had been put out to nurse near Boulogne. Not having received any pay, the nurse had adopted this way of sending the child back to its mother. London Express. Paris Police to Read Faces. A system of instruction has been undertaken to educate the Paris police in the art of describing faces. An Interesting part of the Instruction is that special value is attached to the ear. No two ears are alike. Therefore, that organ is chosen as tbe base of the system employed. Close attention is also given to noses. Each policeman gets an album containing 1,000 photographs full face and pro file of persons expelled from Paris. To facilitate the research these por- vc. ii t.o..c a ... . m nFAU.-tAM i lo ra . ii ... i . iii a ijk u nun i iiiij'i niiMi, . - . . . of himself behind and bearing with him traits are grouped methodically ac- cordine to hight. ear and nose. It a favorable idea of America. Troubles in China. To the story of 1101 belongs the bloody "Boxer" outrages and the retributory occupation of Tien-Tsin and Peking by the allied forces of Russia, Kngland. Germany. France, Austria.. L'nited States. Italy and Japan. The flight of the Km press Dowager with her grandson, th Emperor, and the rest of the Chinese court and the tedious negotiations at tending the settlement occurred In ths preceding year, but it was not until Jan uary 7 that the rc-markahle woman who dominates the government of China re turned to P king. With all show of gra ciousness ani reassuring messages to ths foreign diplomatic court reassembled within the Forbidden City, arrangement were made for the payment of the Indem nities to the powers and a withdrawal of the allied soldiers was discussed. Thli evacuation was delayed because of feaf created by Russi -i's attitude in Manchu ria. The diplomats of the other alilei feared her Intention to retain possession of that province, but when England and the Lnlted States entered a compact tc preserve the Integrity of the Celestial Kingdom and England and Japan allied thernselvea to maintain the "open gate" for trade the foar passed and by ths JIanchurian convention Russia disclaim! her intention to an.iex territory and lim its her occupation to a military force sufTlcient to protect her great railroad. This and the gradual reduction of the al lied troops ma.rks tho close of the very one-sided Chinese war. True, there has boon a slight hitch In the payment of the Indemnities. China claiming the right to settle on a silver basts, the allies de manding a gold standard. Aside from this nothing of international interest has occurred in China. The rebellion In ths southern provinces was entirely a Chi nese affair. is believed that when the police be come familiar with the system recog nition of criminals will be greatly facilitated. Thinks Life Is Wasted. Champ Clark of Missouri is opposed to claims of every description. He thinks congress wastes much time wrangling, about bills that are mostly for imaginary damages, anyhow. "Here are 357 men in the national house ot representatives," he said the other day in great disgust, "each of whom is getting a salary of $3,000 a year, to say nothing of whatever private In come he may have, and we can all be called at any time to sit in judg ment over a mule." Party Was in Danger. On a homeward-bound trip from London the late "Tom" Reed was with a party of Americans in the Euston express for "Liverpool. Something went wrong with the brakes, and tho train pulled up with a vast amount rf Jeiiing and screeching at a little own called Ilellsby, between Chester jid Liverpool. Mr. Reed poked his nead out of the window and read the sign on the station platform. "Hell'a by I" he exclaimed. "Good gracious, I Lope not." - S i. 1 7rL -(
