IMMENSE AMOUNT DAMAGE
DONE BY PEAR SLUG
O
i
Pw (tune M(t(g!
Ctj&t cn Tcpics of fany l&Ms, by z
Leaves of Cherry and Pear Tree6 Attacked by this Insect
In Iowa and Plant Is Often Left
Entirely Bare.
Amusements for Summer Parties.
This in the season of outdoor enter
talnincntn, for most of our readers, if
not sojourners by the sea or on the
mountain top. may arrange for novel
entertainments in the open air by uti
lizing what is near the parks, the
reaches of Inland lake or rivers, the
bhndy lawn of the home place or some
adjacent country side reached by the
ever-present trolley car.
A fagot party Is not new, but this
way of conducting one has new fea
tures: A circle of pine trees was the
netting for a little fireplace made of
stones, on which paper and dry twigs
were ready to be touched off.
Each guest was presented with a
bundle of fagots to which was at
tached a number; a duplicate number
was given out. The hostess re
quested the guest who drew No. 1 to
look at the fagota; if ho had No. 1 the
bundle was laid on the blaze, and he
bad to tell a story, sing a song or
danco a Jig while the fagots burned.
It really was another way of conduct
ing a "stunt" party. Ono guest re
cited some clever negro dialect,
bits she had collected while In tho
(south; a man gave some collego
ntorlcs; a sweet singer rendered some
Hawaiian love songs which she
learned from tho natives whllo on tho
l.sland. The result was very good
Thero were 12 guests and 12 bundles
of fagots burned undornoath the tall
pines. Refreshments were served on
the Inclosed porch of the summer cot-
tago. A candle was at each plate
beld by a drop of melted wax onto a
wooden picnic plate; by At was a
wooden fckewer; with It marnhmallows
wcro toasted over the candle and
eaten with Ice cream and small cakes.
There was Impromptu singing of col
logo songs to the accompaniment of
tho hostess' guitar. All tho girlB wore
tub suits and tho men came with neg
ligee shirts with duck or flannel
trusers And serge coats.
"In Darkest Africa."
A club of 14 young girls has chosen
"Africa" for their study next year;
with this In mind, the president Is to
glvo a luncheon having decorations
and symbols pertaluing to the "dark
continent."
The table centerpiece Is to be
unique, having threo black dolls, each
with a pennant bearing the words
"Do-ltghted." Toy lions, monkeys and
tigers will be the favors, and the
place cards are in shape of pyramids
and sphinxes, nr. wide a miniature
figure is scanning the horizon with a
spyglass. Every one shouts "Koose
veil."
Then there will be cablegrams, post
cards and letters brought in at inter
vals during tho luncheon addressed to
One-Piece
ONI? piece slipover nightdress is easily made and laundered. Measure
from shoulder to floor and add your hem. For the model It takes 3 Mi
yards. Fold cloth In middle, running halves together to hold securely
Find middle point of this fold and lay a dinner plate on the cloth so that
the center of it comos over this point Mark around the edge of plate and
cut out to make neck of gown. On the edges of the cloth measure down
nine Inches from the fold, then eight inches in from this point, for the
place where tho kimono sleevo Jc'.ns the body. From this point cut through
both thicknesses of cloth diagonally to the raw edge. Also cut a diagonal
line to the selvage,' at a point Just one foot from the fold, to make the
sleeve. The long triangular plcco that has been cut out must now be
stitched together along their selvage edges, turned upside down, and set
into the body of the gown under tho arms, to give an added fulness to the
6klrt. 1 have Just finished one, using 40lnch muslin, taking up two tucks
on each shoulder Ihreo-quarters of an inch deep and Btltched them down
front and back five-Inches. I bad fulness enough without Inserting the tri
angular plocoa. I used beading at neck, but this foundation Is capablo ol
either almple or elaborate treatment. Embroider a scallop at neck and hot
loin of sleeves or finish with hamburg. This gown Is very pretty on. The
ahouldors can be reinforced by cutting a circular piece a little larger than
the dinner plate and feather-stltchlng In to form a yoke which also makei
tho edffo to be embroidered stronger. Boston Globo.
tho various members assigning them
their special topic for the year's
work.
Tho Egyptian flag Is to be on each
missive In lieu of a stamp.
A friend of the hostess who has
lived in Africa for eight years will be
an honored guest and will make the
affair most Interesting by her account
of life on an ostrich farm and her
experiences with native servants.
A Progressive Picnic.
The guests were children from
eight to ten; the hostess was a fa
vored lass, who went to tho country
every summer. A regular nayracK
wagon met them at the station; It had
boards across the side so no one could
spill out and was gayly decorated
with sunflowers, boughs of trees and
cattails.
The unique feature of this picnic
was In the serving of refreshments
Each child was given a wooden plate
and a paper napkin. Then over the
grounds were Interesting booths,
shaded by large green and white um
brellas. They were also placarded
No. 1, No. 2, etc. There was a grown.
person to lead at tho head of tho pro
cession. The first atop was No. 1
which proved to be "lemonade," with
a big porcelain cup for each child
No. 2 was Bandwiches, cold meats, po
tato salad and olives. Here the
guests sat in a semicircle on n big
rug. Then thoy progressed to No."' 3
and had Ice cream; then to No. 4,
where the booth had bonbons and
fruit. No. 5 had piles of little hags.
and was the starting point for a pea
nut; some were gilded, some sllyered,
and some tied with blue ribbon. The
gold nuts scored 20, silver 10 and
blue ribbons were 5. The one who
had the highest score won a prize,
tho next highest and the lowest also
had rewards. Altogether it was a
most successful affair.
For a Clnerella Dance.
The Cinderella club la. an organiza
tion of some 20 couples,, their one law
being to close all festivities at mid
night proptly. Each season they give
a dance to which two guests may be
bidden by each couple. The Invita
tions are always Issued on slipper
shaped cards, the table centerpiece
is formed of a white slipper filled
with flowers, placceards are slipper
shaped and sometimes If the "Ger
man" is danced a figure Is worked
out bringing In the magic pumpkin
coach; candy mice favors, fairy wands,
etc. At 12 o'clock a gong clangs out
the strokes very slowly and the lights
are extinguished.
MADAME MERRl.
Never wero linen suits more pop
ular than now.
Nightdress
Off BfHG HAULED TO fiAlLROAD foTsb ' sMS (jh
MAR WiO CAV, KY
Kentucky, which Is one of the chief
hardwood producing states In the
union, and the first state in the pro
duction of yellow poplar, Is making
good progress In the movement for
the preservation of its forests. In
1906 the legislature enacted the law
providing for the state board of agri
culture, forestry and Immigration.
During the following winter the board
asked and received the co-operation
of the United States Forest Bervlce
In a study of tho forest conditions of
the state. This work was begun two
years ago and an examination of half
the area of forest land In the state has
been completed. The result of tho
first year's work, covering the 11
most eastern counties of the state Is
published In the Kentucky handbook,
1906-1907. The second report, now In
the hands of the state board of agri
culture, covers 48 counties, in the coal
mining reglonj of the state. WlK-n
this Investigation Is completed Ken
tucky will have an excellent Inventory
of its lumber resources.
The manner In which the forestry
problem has been approached Indi
cates that the people of the state
realize that tho ultimate solution of
the Impending timber scarcity must,
for the farmer, depend largely on how
he handles his Individual timber re
sources, and that there Is no better
wa than for him to consider the
wood lot as a bank account, using
the Interest which Is constantly nc
crulng, but leaving tho capital undi
minished. Much educational work
however, will be needed to secure this
desirable end.
The second report of the Forest
Service suggests a forest law. Among
Its most Important features Is a pro
vision for the appointment of a state
forester. The wisdom of this Is evi
dent since only by the appointment
of a state forester can the work In
co-operation with Forest Service he
maintained and carried to a success
ful conclusion. Until such time, how
ever, as the sate of Kentucky Is ready
to assume the management of its own
forest problems, the National Service
is willing and anxious to cooperato
In every way possible for the further
ance of forestry among private own
ers In Kentucky. In the cooperative
Investigations of forest resources now
in progress, tne government spent
over $4,000 to duplicate a similar
amount appropriated by the state.
Kentucky has always been rich In
forest resources, but like many oth
er states has reached the point where
the timber will l.ereafter be produced
on a continually decreasing scale,
and it Is necessary to protect and use
carefully the forests which' remain.
In 1899 Kentucky cut 734.000,000
board feet of hardwood lumber. In
1907 the cut was 854,903,000 board
feet, an Increase of only 16 per cent
in tne nine years. in tne same
period tho cut of yellow poplar has
fallen off over 20 per cent. During
the same time the prices of lumber
at the mill have advanced on an nv
erage of 65 per cent., and the demand
has Increased accordingly.
The forest of the United States Is
threatened by many enemies, of which
Are and reckless lumbering ore the
worst Sheep grazing and wind come
next. Cattle and horses do much Isr
damage than sheep, and snow break
Is less costly than windfall. Land
slides, floods, Insects, and fungi are
sometimes very harmful. In certain
altuatlona numbers of trees are killed
by lightning, which has also been
known to set the woods on Are, and
the forest Is attacked In many other
ways. For example, birds and squir
rels often prevent young growth by
devouring great quantities of nuts and
other seeds, while porcupines and
mice frequently kill young trees by
gnawing away their bark.
Most of these foes may be called
natural enemies, for they would Injure
the forest to a greater or less extent
if the action of man were altogethet
removed. Wild animals would take
the place of domestic sheep and cattltj
to some degree, and Ore, wind, ami
Insects would still attack the forest
But many of the most serious dangcrt
to the forest are of human origin
Such are destructive lumbering, and
excessive taxation on forest lands, tc
which much bad lumbering Is directly
due. So high are these taxes In some
states for In many cases they amount
to 5 or even 6 per cent, yearly on
the market value of the forests, that
the owners cannot afford to pay them
and hold their lands. Consequently
they are forced to cut or sell their
timber in haste and without regard
to the future. When tho timber Is
gone the owners refuse to pay taxes
any longer, and the devastated lands
revert to tho state. Many thousand
square miles of forest have been
ruined by reckless lumbering because
heavy taxes forced the owners to real
ize quickly and once for all uponthelr
forest land, Instead of cutting It In
a way to Insure valuable future
crops. For the same reason many
countries aro now poor that might
otherwise have been flourishing and
rich.
Trains Ducks to Eat Pests.
Joseph Junette, who farms one of
the Job ranches on the Alton
bluffs. Is enjoying an income of $15
a day from 15 ducks which he trained
tj clear potato patches of bugs. Ho
put the ducks In a pen and fed them
on potato bugs exclusively after starv
ing them until they were glad to get
the bug diet
Junette tried them first on his own
patch, which comprised several acres.
The ducks went through the patch like
neighborhood scandal. After the per
formance Junette shut up his brigade
in the bug pen so they would not ac
quire a taste for other diet.
The ducks ore In great demand on
the farms In Junette's neighborhood.
Farmers are glad to pay $1.50 an hour
for the services of the brigade. Chi
cago Record-Herald.
Silence Got on Her Nerves.
In the silence room of one of the bis
New York department stores a woman
visitor from out of town was deposit
ed for recuperation of her tired
nerves and muscles and deserted by
her hostess. The unaccustomed dark
ness and stillness among so many
women first surprised and then made
her uncomfortable. After having Bat
out her growing restlessness as long
as she could she turned to the glum
vlsaged attendant and asked In a sub
dued but strained voice: "My, how
do you stand it?"
"1 can't hardly," said the other, with
evident relict at the sound of her
own whisper. "It gets on my nerves.
I'm sick to death of it. I wish I
could get another Job."
Corn the Greatest of American Crops.
Corn la our greatest crop, that of
1908 being valued at $1,616,000,000.
Last summer many cherry trees In
various parts of Iowa were stripped
of their leaves by a dull Blimy slug.
Pear trees also are attacked by this
pest, perhaps even more than cherry
trees, hence the common name of tho
Insect. This sluy feeds on the upper
surface of the leaves, not eating holes
through them, but taking only the up
per portion and leaving the veins bare.
Leaves thus eaten by the slugs dry
and fall from the tree and frequently
leave the trees entirely bare of follagi?.
In Iowa these slugs appear twice
during the season. The first brood
appears in Juno and the slugs be
come full grown early in July, white
A Pear Slug Enlarged.
a, aduU saw-fly, female; b, slug with slime removed; c, slug in normal
state; d, leaves with slugs, natural size; a, b, c, much enlarged.
tho oecond brood comes on during the
month of August. It would be beat,
then, to kill off the elugs when they
first appear in June, and so prevent
the defoliation of the trees by the
second brood in August.
When the slugs first appear on the
Vaves the trees should be given a
thorough treatment with parls green
or some other arsenical poison. Since
tho slugs feed openly on the upper
sides of the leaves there need be lit
tle difficulty in combatting them. For
only a few trees the paris green may
be applied dry, mixed with air slaked
lime, or even flour; 1 part of the paris
green to 20 or more parts of the other
material. For a liquid spray, paris
Kveen at tho rate of 1-3 or 1-4 pound
tn Kn eaiinna of water will do the
work, adding about a pound of quick
lame to each barrel of water to pro
vent any burning of the leaves. Ar
SILAGE PROPERLY
HANDLED HELPFUL
Incorrectly Put Up and Fed
May Be Expensive.
It
Silos have been abaudoned In many
cases becauso the milk became so
badly tainted as to become unsalable.
If the creameries and cheese factories
were as particular as they should be
they would condemn a great deal of
milk that is now accepted from silage
fed herds.
This is not the fault of the silage; it
Is the fault of the man who handles It
Silage has a very penetrative odor,
which Is taken up very quickly by
milk. If slltige Is fed before milking
the milk Is quite certain to become
tainted. If the milk is allowed to stand
a few minutes In the barn after milk
lug and silage Is fed whllo the cans
are standing around, the milk will be
tainted.
If the stable Is not ventilated or is
poorly ventilated the silage odors will
linger in the stable and taint the milk.
In an unventllated stable the stable It
self will In time become saturated or
permeated with the silage odor and
will taint the milk, no matter how the
silage is handled.
The corn Is frequently cut Into the
silo too green, which makes very sour
silage, with a strong odor. The silage
is frequently carelessly handled In the
stable; it Is scattered through the
alleys and allowed to remain on the
floors. In such Instances the stable
will be scented with the silage and
the milk will be tainted.
If good results are expected from
eilago it must be properly handled in
the stable. First, silage must be fed
only after milking. Second, tha floors
must be kept clean and no silage
allowed to accumulate in the alleys.
Third, there should not be more
silage fed than the stock will clear up
at once. Fourth, the stable must be
well ventilated. Fifth, corn should
not be cut In too green. Sixth, don't
feed moldy silage.
From the foregoing It will be Been
that silage must be more carefully
handled than ordinary roughage. One
cannot throw silage around ts he
might straw or hay and get satisfac
tory results.
Silage properly put up and preprly
fed is a very ) eap and most i noel
lent feed. JProf. O. V. Knupp.
senate of lead, 2 or 3 pounds to 59
gallons of water, will do tho work
even better than paris green, and is
preferable where It can be obtained
easily. Hellebore, applied dry, or in
a small quantity of water. Is also very
effective in killing the slugs.
The first brood of tho slugs is rather
short lived. It requires only about
a month from the egg stage to tho
time the slus matufuj. During most
of tho time while It is feeding tho
slug is covered with a Blimy sub
stance, but at the last change of skin
the slime Is thrown off, and the slug
becomes a light orange color, clean,
and dry. After' this molt the slug
goes Into the ground. Here It forms
a cell in the earth, within which it
changes to the pupa, or resting stage.
ana the adult fly emerges in about:
12 to 15 days after the slug has en
tered the soil.
The files which lay the egg3 for
the next brood of slugs are rather
small black Insects, about a fifth of
an inch long nnd'with four wings
The eggs are laid In tiny pockets
made by the flies in the under sides
of the leaves. These eggs hatch and
the second brood of the Blugs work
on the trees during August and when
they become full grown go to the
ground. During the winter the slugs
of this second brood may be found in'
their cells beneath the trees which
were infested by them In the summer
time. The pear, cherry, plum and
quince are the trees which are most
attacked by these slugs.
SOIL BENEFITED
BY ALFALFA CROP
Three oir Four Cuttings During
Season Enriches It.
When a plant furnishes an abundant
crop, such as alfalfa, with three or
four cutting during a single season, it
Is but natural to think that it will
greatly exhaust, the soli. Nothing Is
more erroneous. Instead of taking
ctrength away from the soil it puts
more into It; instead of exhausting it,
the fertility is increased. The pene
trating powers of alfalfa roots are
well known. The roots are constantly
growing tnd decaying, thus adding to
the "humus" of the soil. Tho strongest
point in iavor of alfalfa ns a soil im
prover It its remarkable nitrogen
gathering ability. The roots of al
falfa are full of the small nitrogen
tubercles -which represent bottled up
vitality to plant life and It has been
proven by frequent experiments that
Increased yields were the rule when
plantings of any kind of crops had
been made on ground infected with ni
trogen bacteria.
Under these circumstances the
"spread of Alfalfa fever" Is no wonder.
With splendid crops of highest priced
hay on top of the ground, with the
roots working as perfectly natural fer-
tllizers under the ground, farmers can
do nothing better than to plant alfalfa.
The truth of this statement muy be
realized ond verified if one but takes
time to look up statistics and reads
about the marvelous Increase In the
acreage of alfalfa. In Kansas alone
the acres sown to nlfaira increased
from approximately 35,000 acres In
1891 to more than 743,000 acres In
1907. It Is safe to say that since then
the acreage has Increased In propor
tion, and other states are falling In
line. A. Kruhm.
There Is Profit In Sage.
Twenty five cents' worth of snge Pe,i
will furnish about 1.000 plants. L'nouith
sage can be picked the Qrct year to
pay for all the labor of sowing ,ind
picking the sage. Hnrly in the sprint
tho plant:i should be removed set In
rows three feet apart one way and
half that dlstanco the other. If ij,e
plants are planted In good soil and
properly cultivated they can be pick.4
imru luuco f.im year lor
years.
semi
