Gossip of Washington
What Is Golnd On at the
rational Cupitul.
- -
New Ships to Make
$
WASHINGTON. Tho navy depart
ment experts fmaro yltat the
I'nited States navy will bo the first iu
rank in the world when the four new
battleships proposed by Secretary
Newberry have been completed.
The approximate time of the com
pletion of these ships Is the close of
the year 1!11. Hy that dale there
will have been completed these four:
The Delaware and Dakota and the
Florida and I'tnh.
The specific points made by the ex
perts, however, is that the four now
ships which have been suggested are
to be of 25,000-tons displacement each
and will carry eight 1 1-inch guns.
Such a squadron of batileshlps will
be unlike and superior to anything in
naval history, both as to displacement
and to main battery,
v The astounding but absolutely true
statement is made by the navy ex
perts that the 1 1-inch guns will be
effective at ten miles. It is ulso stated
by these experts that Great Hritain,
after the appropriation by congress
for the four proposed battleships, will
never be able to regain its lend in
modern battleships over the United
Slates. Kngland's greatest proposed
battleship, the Fondroyant. is, accord
ing to the details in the I'nlted Stales
naval bureau of intelligence, inferior
to the Florida or the ruth.
Alcohol School Opened by Government
U 5
alcohol
School
VY
T1IK government has now opened its
alcohol school in the city of Wash
ington for the Inst ruction of the peo
ple of tile I'nited States in proper
methods of making and using the de
natured product.
For this purpose a model still has
been erected close by the department
of agriculture which is big enough to
work up 25 bushels of corn a day, con
verting that quantity of grain into 75
gallons of 95 per rent, alcohol that
is to say, 95 iter cent. pure. The plant
represents the smallest outfit that can
lie conducted profitably on a commer
cial scale.
The farmers cannot very well see it
for themselves, so arrangements have
been made by which they may leant
about It. Agricultural experts front
the experiment stations iu every one
of the states are to go to Washington,
examine the alcohol-making outfit, see
how it works and listen to a course of
lectures explaining its management.
It will lie (heir business when they go
home to teach the fanners how to put
up and how to operate plants of this
character.
Hearty Welcome for "Joe" Blackburn
7
IT Is pleasant to have Senator Mack
burn back in our midst again, to see
his treat, stalwart form Kwlnr-inir
through the streets, to meet his semi-
cynical, semi-humorous smile and to
feel his hearty hand clasp, hut it is
difficult to think of him In any en
vironment save that of the sennte
chamber where lie passed so many
yeura. There litis never been a mem
ber of thai, distinguished body more
frankly, more genuinely and generally
popular than "Joe'' lilackbitrn. No
mutter how widely one differed with
him in politics, it was impossible not
to like him, for there Is nothing about
hint to dislike. Ho is a prince of good
fellows, a generous friend and a mag
nanimous foe. When the battle Is oil
he lights Willi all tho light (hero is
in hint, but ho is as quick to forgive
Mint "Makes Money'
Till dlrcrior of Hie mint has "made
money" for the I'nited States In
more ways than one. lie rejoicing
In cause the government, made a profit
durinr the lineal year ended Juno ;!(),
I'.um, of f 10.T.4 1 1 on the tolnnno of
tvvor, nickel und oneee'it bronze
pieces.
ITi is rcpresdiiu the dlffi'i-eiitv bo
!.', con the price paid by the govern-
'it foi '.lie metals u ml H,ir eoiiiai"
itlUO.
25 r (J
Our Navy Lead All
The report that Great Hritain was
building a Hi. 5 has been run down
b the naval authorities here and they
state that it Is not true. It is also
stated that there is no foundation
whatever for the report that Germany
Is building, or projecting even, five
battleships, eacli of which Is to carry
12 12-iuch guns.
It is admitted now that the I'nited
State's stands second on the list of
naval powers, and tltts Is largely be
cause the I'nited States naval relative
tower depends on modern ships
against which twenty or more of the
litilish so-called battleships do not
count and are not to be taken into
count,, because not one of them could
approach within five miles of any of
Hie I'nited States battleships even of
the Alabama class. Above that class
In the t'nlt-d States are the South
Carolina, Michigan and, of course, the
American Dreadnaughts are all above
that class. In other words, the
I'nited States has ship for ship,
built and building, better and more
powerful ships than Great Hritain has
built und is building for the next
three years.
The navy department confidently
experts to see the prediction of the
experts realized in 1911 and the
I'nited States will lead the world In
naval power. The experts declare
that when the statement is made that
Great Hritain has at the present time
54 battleships against 29 of the
I'nited States, It only means an ap
parent numerical excess and that
when the ships are compared onp with
the ottter, there are more dead or
obsolete types and classes In the
Hritish navy than in any other navy.
Inasmuch as such n plant could not
be erected for less than $2,500 it is
obvious that the ordinary farmer
would not be able to afford to con
struct one of the kind. Hut and here
Is the point a group of farmers rep
resenting a small neighborhood might
do so.
Then they would bring their corn
stalks and other such refuse to the
"mill" and receive in return the al
cohol. It Is a simple method which
farmers have long been accustomed to
adopt where flour and other neces
saries were concerned.
The farmers are eager to And a
cheap source of energy. Nowadays
multitudes of them use gasolene for
such purposes as grinding feed, cut
ting fodder and running the corn shel
ler, circular saw, horse clipper and
grindstone.
A farm in these times is more or
less of a factory. Out gasolene Is ex
pensive. Alcohol Is comparatively
cheap, and when manufactured from
the farmer's own vegetable refuse It
would cost next to nothing.
Iu France there are 27,000 farmer
distillers who make alcohol for in
dustrial purposes from molasses and
sugar beets. It Is high lime that this
Idea was turned to profitable account
in the I'nited Slates. Hotten apples,
frost-bitten potatoes, stale water
melons, cornstalks and cobs and
every other kind of vegetable refuse
are available for the purpose.
and forget as ho Is to fight, ami once
the hatchet is burled, It is never
resurrected.
it was with regret that Mr. Black
burn left the senate, but he has been
almost as happy In his new field as on
his old stamping ground and In the
short year and a half of his service
as one of. the commissioners of the
Isthmian canal he has become as
popular in Panama as he was in
Washington, and the style of life in
the old Spanish city is especially
pleasing to the silver-tongued Ken
tiiekinn. As everybody knows the
I'nited Slates government houses the
public servants in Panama In mag
nificent stylo. The state In which
they live, indeed, approaches that
formerly enjoyed by the Spanish
grandees in that pan of the world, and
the role of a Spanish grandee admir
ably suits the former senator from
the Hluegrass state, who Is so adjust
able ami so versatile that he is al
ways at home no matter what his sur
roundings and so much at home Is he
In Panama that his friends both here
and there hope he will be allowed to
remain during "good hehavlor."
for Your Uncle Sam
The original deposits of eoh! hulil.m
in the mints and assay offices during
the fiscal year amounted to J207.415,
9X1 and uncurrent I'nited States gold
coin of the face value of $4,020,008
was received for ,eeolnago.
Silver bullion purchased for sub
sidiary silver coinage during the year
aggregated 1N.XI9 27!l standard ounces,
and mutilated and uncurrent United
States sliver coin of tho face value,
of $I.102,9S2 was reeolnod.
The coinage executed by the mints
during (lie fiscal year 1908 amounted
to $I97.23S,377 In gold, of which 106.
1S2.420 wore In double eagles, and $,
S29,0iiit In (troll's of the designs pre
pared by the American sulptor, tho
late Augustus Sain Gaudens.
The amount of subsidiary sliver
loiu vvecuud wu
THE NEWS IN BRIEF.
The first natloual convention of the
unemployed met In St. Louis.
Three persons were killed and two
fatally injured by a snowsllde at the
I'ump Hird mine, Ouray, t'ol.
Stephen T. Hood of Kansas City was
shot and killed by his former friend.
James W. Hlanton, after a quarrel.
Charles Piatt, one of the most
widely known tiro insurance men In
i tie country, died at his home In Phil
dolphlu, aged X0 years.
Delegates from Jo countries includ
ing the I'nited States, have voted In
Paris to establish a permanent Inter
national refrigeration association.
Krocdlitg over llnancial troubles, it
L. llillborn, a well-to-do farmer, killed
his wife and then blew his own brains
out at iheir home near Charlton, O.
The Swiss Aero club has selected
Zurich as the starting place for the
International balloon race for the
James Gordon Hennett cup next fall.
A general reduction iu the number
of employes at the Philadelphia navy
yard has thrown nearly 000 mechanics
of the various depHi'tmetits out of
work.
Insurance Commissioner Hell of
Kentucky revoked the license of the
Southern lire Insurance Company of
New Orleans, now in the hands of a
receiver.
Former Stale Treasurer 10. P. Shaw
of Massachusetts, a railroad financier,
filed a voluntary petition In bunk
ruptcy with liabilities of $ 1. 023.3011
and assets of $275,705.
Two Russians, In an attempt to rob
the pay wagon of a factory In Totfen
ham, a London suburb, killed three
persons und wounded about 20, after
which both shot themselves, one dying
instantly.
Judge Hunt of the 1'nited States
district court at Helena, Mont., hand
ed down a decision in the so-called
smoke case iu which be denied the
application of farmers for the closing
of the Washoe smelter at Anaconda.
Hy the decisive vote of 103 to 42
tlie house refused to Increase the pen
sion of Julia H. Coghlan, widow of the
late Rear Admiral Coghlan, U. S. N.,
from $50 a mouth, as recommended
by the committee on pensions to $100.
A fortune from one of the most val
liable estates in Germany and the title
of dowager countess of Marbroeck con
stitute the reward which will fall to
Mrs. J. II. Voelker of Wallace, Idaho,
as a result of a live-year legal battle
In the courts of Germany.
BIG QUAKE IN TURKESTAN.
Exact Location of Disturbance li Not
Yet Known.
St. Petersburg, Jan. 25. Although
all reports from the various observa
tories In Russia locate the earthquake,
the shocks of which were recorded
Saturday, somewhere on the Russian
side of the Pamirs. Turkestan, no direct
news has been received that would
serve to fix the disturbance In any
definite place. A dispatch from
Horzhom in Transcaucasia reports the
registering there by the selsmographlc
Instruments of a distant earthquake.
Russian Turkestan, In the region In
dicated, is sparsely settled and de
tails of an earthquake there would be
very slow in reaching St. Petersburg.
The first direct reports from the scene
of the great earthquake at Karatagh
Russian Turkestan, In October, 1907.
were not received here until three
weeks after the occurrence, in that
earthquake about 15,000 persons were
killed.
CARRIE NATION IS EGGED.
London Crowd Drives Her from a Lec
ture Hall.
London, Jan. 20. Mrs. Carrie Na
tion, who is attempting to deliver a
series of lectures here, met with a
Very hostile reception at the Canter
bury Music hall last night. She was
pelted with eggs, one of them striking
her in the face. From the very be
ginning the audience maintained a
chorus of boos and hisses. Mrs. Na
Hon was obliged to quit the house un
der police protection.
THE MARKETS.
New York. Jan. 2fl.
I.TVK STOCK -St. -cis $:. ii rt o
Hens 7 I'.'i (n lt
Sheep (n ( m
KljOl'll Winter HtruiKhts.. 4 'iv 4 Tj
WIIKAT-Miiy Ill (if 1
July 1 iC.U,i
COUN May iis','u i;s'
HYK-Nn. Western l'Vil "1
M'TTKU-Creiiiiiery zt 'a iU
KHi'.S ;'.( ru J "
t'llKKSK iiVi r.
CHICAGO.
CATTI.K -diary Ste.-tn Ji; .Mi ',, i,
Medium to tiiiixl Steel m. . .", fj, tj r,
Chwm. K I it i ii In I'll my :i 40 .'1 In
f'lioire I'VimIi'I-r :t 7:i ri j
'nlvex .1 I "I Hi " &
llous-lleavy Pucker y, iu :t,-,
llritvy t.lltrlHTH Hill Ifl It 4ll
I'Ikh 4 'J."i (US liT,
fit'TTKIt-Ci'vHincry ft :t;
Hairy L'n iii :,
I.IVK POn.THY l:t ' Hi
i:ic.H s'.h-y nji,
I'nTATOKrt pr tin. 1 ; i
I'liflt- Sprlns Wheat, Hp'l f. M 'n li fn
WHHAT-Miiv I iiTVh I M,'
"ly !:-Vii n;
'mil, May r.lVu li:"-
lilts. May MV'i M-
Itvt', May ;.; 'ii 77
Mll.WAl'KKK
OKAIN-Wln ill. No. 1 Nor n II IPit I !
May 1 imvi I H7
1 'urn, May iu 1,1 lyi,
iiits. Standard .".I '11 Mi,.
Hyi oi 'ii
KANSAS CITY.
fin A IN-Win-ill, May !i'0',i y,
July '.""V'l ni'
I'lini, May T.s '11 .vm,
Hut. No. L' Willie .Vi 1 :,
ST. I.i l' IS.
CATT1.K--IIiM'f Kleern $:! ;.n (n 7 4i
Ti'Xhm Hteei-n :t mi 1;
HOiiH-Puckers ."1 n.'i i ;in
Hiilrlu rn 1; ii ' H v,
HHKI'.I'-NatlveM 4 LV, li ,' '.,
OMAHA.
CATTIiK-Natlvc Steel .... fl mi , 1; c,
SNirkMK mill l-Vi'ilelli 7'i 111 5 :,i
! iiwm unit Heifer :t in 1,1 x,
lines - Heavy n i;, ru (i (
811 KKP-Wether i m 'U 5
IT PAYS TO GRADE
UP THE DAIRY HERD
13 loo J Tells In the Profits ot the Dairyman fly Otto F.
Hunzlker. Dairy Husbuntlmtin, Indiana
Experiment Station.
The depressing Influence of poor I
rows upon production and profits litis
often been pointed out; it remains
for us to measure the force of pure
dairy blood when persistently applied,
in enlarging the prolii making capac
ity of the herd. It Is a reasonable
assumption th.tt most men keep cows
for profit, though it is a fact that many
fall of their object, whether they know
it or not. There may be several cans
es for bad results, namely, Inferior
animals, inadequate cate, nr a com
bination of both. Certainly a cow
lucking dairy elements in her make
J ,
1L
5
I uM... - a 1
W tTMl kuaW 1
Sample Case and Apparatus
up can never, under the most favor
able conditions, perform well at the
pail; and even though she were liber
nlly endowed with them at birth, Im
proper rearing or Insiifllclent care
later In life would necessarily preclude
satisfactory performance on her part.
While It is doubtless true that many
cows make poor records through no
fault of their own, we are forced to
conclude that such cases are some
what exceptional, and that, ufter all,
most poor records signify Inherent in
feriority. In view of a decidedly skeptical atti
tude on the part of many milk pro-
TABLE NO. 37.
The Influence of Improved Dairy Blood upon Production.
Average annual butter fat yields In
herds where systematic grading
has been followed several years.
No"'"1 Butur'f.t I N'W BuuSrat
7 26972 ' 2 182.8
8 2CG.8 ! 5 189.9
16 2S0.3 G 243.8
17 291.2 11 - 224.1
18 301.1 20 28G.6
18 295.2 23 183.5
19 259.6 23 220.9
30 264.9
33 152.8'
Av'ee 280 " I 216
Difference per cow in favor of
ducers toward infusion of pure dairy
blood as a source of .greater profits,
tables Nos. I!7 and 3S have; been ar
ranged. We desire to show what Hie
blood of pure da. it breeds can do
when given an opportunity, not only
as It affects gross production, but also
its cost. The herds already discussed
have been classified on Hie basis of
tho presence ot- absence of persistent
or systematic grading either through
the use of pure bred dairy sires or
the addition to the herd of high grade
:r pure bred females. Wherever there
has been any doubt the herd litis been
given the benefit of it. Hi one or two
TABLE
The Influence of Improved
Average annual cost of food and ,
profit per cow la herds wheni i
systematic grading has been fol- j
lowed several years. i
, I " i
No. Herd j Coat of Food Profit j, No. Hrd CoatofFoodj Profit
" 7 $34.28 $302 2 $31.65 $13.34
8 33.37 36.19 5 40.58 8.13
16 47.11 25.83 6 38.30 22.22
17 36.72 38.27 j ll 37.40 22.33
18 31.19 48. 8G j 20 33.78 38.93
18 31.57 42.81 ' 23 32.88 14.91
19 42.61 26.33 ; 23 34.41 22.05
1 30 41.91 26.66
33 3232 80 1
"Av'ge $36.60 $36.04 Jj $35.90 $19.62
.Difference in profit
Difference in cost of food
In favor of systematic grading
TABLE NO. 39.
Cost of One Pound of Butter Fat.
Croup
GmtiirjK
Partial or no Grading
DiiTercncc
wises, grading other than the puicbtise
of improved cows has h.'cn of such
sb'ft-t duration that the Ik-mI hud to be
rdiiced In the IlliiU'Udi d lot. The object
bus been to illustrate the ad .antagos
jf persistent grading
There are seven graded and nine
ungraded herds, in table No. I!7 the
vertigo yield of butter fat for gtaib-d
herds is .Ml pounds per cow, while ,
for ungraded it Is '.'hi pounds. This
shows a difference of tU pounds In
favor of grading. The question nest
arising Is. was the production by the
graded group more or less economical
ly secured than by the ungraded?
Reference to table No. 3S will show
that, while it costs slightly more to
feed the graded cows, they returned
neatly twice as much profit as the oth
ers. After allowing for differences in
cost of food there remains $15.01! per
sow in favor of systematic grading. As
a further point in this connection
table No. Illl shows that the graded
herds produced their butter fat at ex-
for Milk Testing on the Farm.
act ly three and one-half cents less
per pound than the ungraded herds.
There is a trite saying that: "The
bull Is half the herd." It Is not too
lunch to allirm, however, that If breed
ing in one line Is carefully followed,
be may bo tho whole of It. Enough
has been shown from tho figures avail
able, to give a glimpse of the wonder
ful possibilities thtil pure bred dairy
sires offer the milk producer. While
in the cases which have just passed
under our observation there Is a dif
ference of 01 pounds, It simply Indi
cates that, under favorable circum
stances, tlte continued use of pure-
I Average annual butter fat yields In
herds where systematic grading
has been little practiced or ab
sent altogether.
systematic grading 64 pounds.
bred sires of the- same breed can be
made to increase the average produc
tion of butter fat at least 100 pounds
per cow; which Is equivalent to rais
ing the earning power of each, $25
to $oii per year.
Kven afier the merits of pure bred
sires have been fully explained and
each step proved, some will hesitate
to forsake tlte ways of their ancestors.
The "scrub" beef or so called "dual
purpose" bulls are looked upon with
loo much favor by milk producers.
They are a delusion and a snare, and
their use cannot lead to profitable re
sults, tirade bulls of an approved
NO. 38.
Dairy Blood Upon Profits.
Average annual cost of food and
profit per' cow in herds when
systematic grading has been lit
tle practiced or absent altogether
$ 16.42
79
$ 15. C3
Cost
$ .131
.166
$ .035
breed must not be nsod even though
they look right." To use them Is
lo breed down rather than up. Dairy
men are too much guided by the Ini
tial cost of u sire. A bull that is not
Intrinsically worth more than $2.1 Is or
doubtful value as a breeder. While the
argument Is commonly advanced that
producers cannot afford high priced
bulls, the truth is, the oluup ones are
too expensive at any piicu.
HOLDS REMARKABLE RECORD.
Maine Man Wno Has Voted at Seven
teen National Elections.
lloslon. Voted in 1" presidential
elections, lived in two states and two
counties, yet never moved from his
farm, Is the rather remarkable record
of a l eniai kiible Maine man.
When Alimm S. Forbes of Hrooks.
Me., was born August 10, IMS, he was
a resident of the state of Massachu
setts and of the county of Hancock;
now be lives In the county of Waldo,
state of Maine, and until within a few
years upon u farm which the first set-
1!
BESS'
tier of the town cleared from the vir
gin wilderness.
For tilt years Mr. Forbes has paid
taxes and voted In the town of Hrooks
and has the right lo be referred to iu
the village press as "one of our oldest,
and most highly-esteemed residents."
Although In his ninety first year ha
is most remarkably well preserved and
would pass for not over "! years old.
He reads without glasses and being
an expert orchardlst spends much of
his time In grafting and pruning and
Improving the orchards of his neigh
bors. He litis been a hard worker all
his life and but recently retired from
the management of one of the largest
farms in the county.
His memory of past events Is re
markably accurate and he Is In a way
a walking historian of the earlier days
of the section where he lives. Ho has
been selectman and town treasurer
and earned well the title bestowed
upon him by an enthusiastic admirer
as "The grand old man of Hrooks."
CURIOUS FREAK OF NATURE.
Tree Grows Out of Grave and Lifts
Tombstone.
London. The womun burled In
the grave shown in the Il
lustration, which Is situated at
Hanover, Is said to have been a pro
fessional Infidel, and In order to show
her aversion to the Idea of a resurrec
tion she gave Instructions that tho
Tree Which Grows Out of a Grave.
following notice should be engraved
on her tomb: "This grave bus been
purchased forever, and no one must
dare open It at any time. Henrietta
Jullane Caroline Voiiriillng, born 9th
January, 175U, died at Hanover, 17S2."
What man has not dared to do, and
while the instruction has been ob
served as far as the li it tiki it Is con
cerned, nature has not felt so re
stricted, but allowed a liny seed to
upset the Infidel lady's decree in that
a tree has grown out of the grave
where she was burled, and has lifted
the tombstone us shown In the pic
ture. Liquor That Preserves Vegetables.
Farrant's liquor, for the preserva
tion of vegetable organisms, consists
of lifi puits of distilled water, iu which,
while boiling, 0.1 part of white arsenic
Is dissolved. The cooled fluid is mixed
with an equal part, by weight, of gly
cerlne, and in this is dissolved the
same quantity, by weight, of gum ara
ble. In this fluid the most delicate
plant organisms are preserved admir
ably, and in addition it is not liable
to evaporation, which. In hot countries.
Is of great value. It Is poisonous, or
course.
Secret of Preserving Colors Lost.
Present-day artists buy their colors
ready-made, und spend large sums of
money on pigments with which to
color their canvases. The pictures of
modern urtlsts will be colorless when
many of the works of the old masters
are us bright as they show today.
Just us the secret of dyeing has been
lost, so has the secret of preserving
the colors of artists' paints. Yet this
secret was known to every ancient
painter, for ull of them mixed their
owu culois