nnnn
N
p
AMERICA'S GREAT HEED
OF PHILIPPINE ISLANDS.
4
COMMERCIAL EXPANSION
AND WHAT IT MEANS TO US
EXPANSION IN TRADE FOR
THE PAST NINE MONTHS.
CO
A
TER
EXPANS ON.
i
Grouped around Manila as a point of distribution is the most densely popu
lated part of the world. More than 800,000,000 people form the population of
Japan, Asiatic Russia, China, French Cochin China, Siam, British India, Aus
tralasia, the Dutch East Indies, etc., all of which are nearer to Manila as a
point of distribution than to any other great commercial center, while such cities
as Shanghai, Canton and others are as near to Manila as Havana is to the city
of New York.
The question, "What will be the effect upon the commerce of the United
States by our possession of the rhilippines?" is answered as follows:
First They can supply a large proportion of the $350,000,000 worth of tropical
and sub-tropical products which this country imports annually. The sum can
thus be expended under the American flag and for the benefit both of the people
of the islands and those of our own citizens having investments in the islands.
Second They will supply an immediate market for from $30,000,000 to $50,
000,000 of American products and manufactures annually, and twice this sum
later.
Third By far the most important feature of these island acquisitions in the
Pacific is their prospective effect upon our trade with the countries commercially
adjacent to them, and especially to the Philippines. The imports of the countries
commercially adjacent to the Philippines amount to about $1,200,000,000 annu
ally, or practically $100,000,000 per month. Nearly all of these importations are
of the classes of articles for which the people of the United States are now at
tempting to find a market.
The commerce of this half of the world's population, of which Manila may be
made the great commercial center, now amounts to more than $2,000,000,000 per
annum, and its annual purchases to about $1,200,000,000 per annum, or, as above
indicated, practically $100,000,000 per month. Practically all of this vast sum
which is 6cnt to other parts of the world than the United States is expended for
the class of goods for which the people of this country are now seeking a market.
Cotton and cotton goods, breadstuff, provisions, dairy products, manufactures of
iron and steel and wood, the products of the farm and factory, are demanded by
the people of that part of the world.
Referring to the need of supplying our
own tropical products it may be well to
call attention to the value of such im
ports in the years 1S05 and 1900. They
were:
Year. Value.
1S95 .' $315,707,098
1900 351,353,246
Included in this are indigo, rice, sugar,
spices, hemp, coffee, tea, rubber, fruits,
certain woods and such products which
can only come from the tropics. They
can be produced in the Philippines in
sufficient quantities to supply all Amer
ican requirements.
Within the last fifty years there has
been an awakening in the Orient. Japan
has become modernized and China is cer
tain to be opened in large degree to west
ern enterprise. The total trade of the
Far East, Australasia and the islands
of the Pacific last year was as follows:
Countrv. Imports. Exports.
British East Indies. $221.55'-305 $305,217,000
British Australasia 2iT.879.OHO
China 193.206." KX
27S.T0S.fNM)
142.023.000
107.450,000
07.822.0t K)
80.081.000
29.450.01 tO
25.2S0.0X)
10.270,000
23.llOO.000
15.052.000
15.054.000
14.G41.0O0
10.000.000
3.0X8.000
2.482,000
apan iio.ki,(xki
Ftralts Settlements 10f.Wi5.000
Dutch East Indies. C6.4.r,s.OJO
Russia, Asiatic 21..TTD.00O
Mam lit.3M.000
Philippine Islands. 20.300.000
Hawaiian Islands.. 15.200.000
Mauritius 15.010.OfK)
Persia 25.476.000
Ceylon 2O.722.0O0
Hongkong 0.noO.000
French East Indies 701.000
Korea 8,03,000
Total Asia
and
Oceanica S1,145,SGO,000 $1.2T.0.124,000
Most of the American export trade
with Asia is with countries bordering on
the Pacific. The shipments of American
merchandise to these countries has in
creased enormously. How much the sub
joined figures show:
f EXPORTS TO ASIA .
1895 1900.
Janan S4,634.'717 S29.OS7.642
Chinese Empire.. 3,603,840
15.258.74S
Hongkong (Br)...
B. East Indies. . .
Dutch East Ind. .
French East Ind.
Asiatic Russia...
Russian China...
Corea . .
German China...
4,253,040
2.853.941
1,147.315
09.136
204,937
S.4S5.9S8
4,892.323
1,534.149
207.5S7
3,050,102
S37.3J0
120,065
29,202
But it is not alone to Asia that our ex
ports are expanding. The same is equal
ly true as to Oceanica. Our exports to
Australasia are nearly three times as
large as they were in 1895; to Havana,
four times as large; to the Philippines,
twenty times as large. The details of
these exports follow:
EXPORTS TO OCEANICA.
Brit. Australasia. $9,014,268
Hawaiian Islands 3,723,057
Philippines 119.255
. French Oceanica. 252,651
Tonga, Samoa, etc
Figi, etc ....
Guam - ......
Germ. Oceanica
$26,725,702
13.509,148
2,640,449
323,138
140,267
22 281
13.247
10,695
Total $13,109,231 $43,390,927
We are using more and more of the
products of our island possessions every
year. Hawaii, which was developed by
American capital, shows an amazing in
crease in exports to the United States.
When quiet Is fully restored in the Phil-
' ippines and when Porto Kico is fully re
covered from the hard times incident to
Spanish rule, there will certainly be a
corresponding growth in what those isl-
. ands buy from Americans, the products
both of our farms .and factories. Our
imports from these three possessions in
1S95 and 1900 were:
Imports from 1895. 1900.
Porto Rico $1,516,512 $3,078,415
Hawaii 7.88S.961 20.707,903
Philippines 4.731,306 5,971,208
Total $14,136,839 $29,757,526
The Philippines have never been devel
oped and not only can they produce any
thing and everything in abundance which
grows in the tropics, but they are known
to have deposits of coal, iron ore, copper,
gold, silver and other minerals.
. The acquisition of the islands is a fact
accomplished. We have not to ask
whether we shall expand we have only
to expand the possibilities of the islands.
THE RECORD IH A NUTSHELL
t
Here, is the record of the three years
; under -he Dingley law, compared with
'the three preceditvgj'ears under the Wil
",sou law: -
Decrease in importation of
- manufactures . .V. . .$120,SS6,790
-Increase in importation of
, manufacturers? materials.. 113,410,200
Increase in exportation of
manufacture
373,204,966
i WHERE WE LEAD.
X The United States is now the
world's greatest producer or
:iron, steel and coal, as well as
of copper, cotton, breadstuffi,
provisions and ma ay other
I articles entering Into the dally
I requirements of man.
.JXPANSION!MAPor? UNITED' STATES.
i $ r y
V -L f"S'ojv. ( ) sy i
""'uo.uoo acres.) Original W
&&42$'mf I J (Area SZ1.6S2.000 acres-)??
"-..". ' fS 'content of ft 9f -
VALUE OF EXPORTS
tDER TWO TARIFFS
Protection Assures Mantnactur-r T-r
Home Market and exports Follow.
The avowed purpose of the free raw
material clause of the Wilson-Gorman
tariff law was to "stimulate manufactur
ing." Instead of "stimulating" it. the law all
but strangled it. Millions of wage earn
ers were driven out of employment. Soup
houses were opened. Free Bread and
Free Clothes were the Democratic watch
word. With our industries revived by a pro
tective tariff, manufacturing both for
home markets and for export has attain
ed a degree of prosperity never before
known in the United States.
In proof of this the following statement
has been prepared showing the exports
of principal manufactured articles under
three years of low tariff and protection,
respectively:
AMERICAN EXPORTS.
fiscal years fiscal years
181)5. 18H$
and 1897.
(Under Wll
Articles. son law.)
Total manufac
tures ICS9.252.312
Iron and steel
1898, 1S"J9
and 1900.
(Under Ding
ley law.)
$1,0(32,573,866
manufactures... 130,653,733 2S5,975,2G0
Mineral oils, re
fined 154,223,124 170,502,008
Copper and manu
factures ef 65,800,932 127,023,396
Leather and manu
factures of 55,013,000 71,809,433
Cotton and manu
factures ot S1.664.SS4 64,511,007
Agricultural Im
plements 15.S30.53G 86,136.813
Chemicals and
drugs 24,061, 6C8 31,895.032
Wood manufac
tures 22.263.698
Paraffin 12,933.551
Paper and manu
factures of 8,232.295
80,644.482
21,437,699
17,188.007
Which is best for American labor?
Commercial expansion or commercial
stagnation?
To protect our home markets and give
manufacturers a chance to go into the
markets of the world, or to throw every
thing wide open by a free trade tariff
and have the manufacturers of the world
flooding onr markets wiJi their cheap la-
oor gooes i
Oar exports have nearly dou
bled since 1805.
Our imports have slightly In
creasod in the same time.
Such 1st the record of com
mercial expansion under the
fosteriag care of the present
ad minist ratio-.
The Treasury Department
has fnst issued a statement of
the Imports aad exports of the
United States for the in-nth of
September, together with a
statement of the Imports and
exports for the period of nine
months ending September 30,
for a series of years.
No stronger arjuroeat In
favor of holding our wn
markets by the application of
the principle of protection, and
then seeking the world's mar
kets, has ever been made.
According to the statement
issued the imports aad exports
during September were as fol
lows: September, 19CKX
Exports $115,034,210
Imports 59,502.000
4 Excess of Exsorti $ 50,071,304
X For the nine months ending
T September SO. lOOO, the show-
4 Ing is equally gratifying. Thus:
AAA -a. -- -L -----....-------------.-----
f?fff?ffffff??ff V V W
444444444
AS TO ISLAND ABANDONflENT I
What American Would Give Up the Fruits of Our Former
Expansion Which Gave Us Such Big Returns
from So Small an Investment ?
Carried to their logical conclusion, Mr. Bryan's ideas about abandon
ment of the Philippines would involve the retrocession of Florida and our
domain west of the Mississippi river to the original owners, and presum
ably by them back to the Indians.
Let us ask a fair, straight question:
As an American would you give up one foot of that territory?
The question scarcely needs the asking, and yet every stage of natural
growth was opposed as strenuously as the Bryanites have opposed the
retention of the Philippines.
The cost of these additions to the country and the value of property now
in the land so acquired are below:
Louisiana purchase
Florida cession
Oregon country as recognized by various
treaties
Texas, Mexican cession, Gadsden purchase.
Alaska
Property produced by.
There is ten billion dollars and
million dollars.
X A few years from now when American enterprise has full sway In the
Philippines, when pence is wholly restored and property is safe, a similar
era of development will follow there, and the idea of abandonment will be
ridiculed even by the Bryanites.
'HOT IMPERIALISM,"
"Men who use their brains to think with are not to be bullied by phrases.
Imperialism,' for instance. The Philippines are in point. A splendid naval
victory has made us masters there. That imperialism which means the
spreading of American power, free institutions, human happiness, is not
imperialism to be feared by anybody who has faith in the vitality of this
republic, and confidence in the Democratic principles on which it is found
ed." Hearst's New York Journal, Democratic, July 1, 1S9S.
REPUBLICAN.
Nine months ending? Septem
ber 30, 1000.
Exports $1,031,680,401
Imports 024,401,506
Excesi Exports ..$ 407,224,803
Compare this with the record
of the first nine months of
1805, when Democratic theo
ries ot foreign trade were put
Into practice; when a low tariff
stimulated imports, and whin
the Idleness ot American fac
tories was a damper to onr ex
ports. This record is as fol
lows: BKMOCKATIC.
Nine months eadins Septem
ber 30, 1895:
Imports $001,043,130
Exports 557,927.400
Excess Imports ....$ 43,115,073
That, In a nutshell, is the dif
ference between Democratic
theory and Kepublican prac
tice. While our exports have
NEARLY DOUBLED, our Im
ports are but slightly more
than they were In Democratic
days, and the increase is en
tirely due to the greater de
mand for manufacturers' ma
terials which are used ia our
busy mills where American
labor is actively employed at
good wages.
Z
Control Jenwutr,
Dim ocm Arte rr.
sm'tAoif regard 'to'Constat of 'gortmed.
Cost.
$15,000,000
5,000,000
Property Value.
$5,737,946,791
182,553,238
17,316,688 T
71 TO A rV7 -
41.000,000
7,200,000
3.261,724.507
200,000,000
I
$68,200,000 $10,199,541,204
more from an investment of sixty-eight
1
SAYS A DEMOCRAT.
"Onr trade balances caa not fall to lv satisfaction to the people of
the country. In 1KIIH we nold ahroart $()15.4:!2,fiTO of pro!a-ts more than
we bought abroad; in 18!(0 $."O.K74.Hi:t. and in Ilo $3 11,171 .701,
ma-tag during th three years a total balance la our favor of 5 1 ,mj,.
770,100 nearly five times the balance of trade In our Tavor for the vrholn
period of lOS years from 1700 to June 30, lKt7, incluaivr." William
McKlaley.
Four great facts characterize the foreign commerce of the I'nltcd
States in the year lOOO:
1. The total commerce ef the year surpasses by $31 7,70.."O that of
any precedi-g year, and for the first time in our hiatory exceeds $.OOo.
OOO.OOO. - The exports rxceed those or any preceding year, and have been
more widely distributed throughout the world thus evrr before.
3. Manufacturers' materials were morr freely imported taaa ever be
fore, and formed a larger share of the total Imports than ua any furmer
occasion.
4. Manufactured articles wer
and formed a much larger share
occasion.
Our trade ia lOOO compares with
Expsrta
Imports..
Total trade
Kxceasof Export in lOOO..
Excess of Imports in 1H4 ..
Right In these two table is the
the United States and of the benefit
As compared with 1HO I, our
have doub e J.
The increase In exports baa affsvted all classes of producers farmers.
manufacturers, lumbermen and miners have all had a share In building
up th.a marvelous export trade of the I'ntted Mates. Xae Increase by
classes Is shows 10 the following table:
x ports.
Agriculture
Manufactures
Mining
Forest
Fisheries
Miscellaneous
The trade of the United (States
country ot the world. Europe Is still our heaviest buyer, but Asia and
Oceania show the greatest percentage of trade expansion. South Ameri
can business bas developed the
visions in 1804 and lOOO were:
Exports.
Earope
North America
South America
Asia
Oceania
Africa...
Imports from these same grand
pare as follows:
Imports.
Europe
North America
Banth America
Asia
Oceania
Africa
The expansion of Am 'rican foreign trade (lurlnx the past three years
has been the surprise and the envy
American energy, American enterprise are usable in every part of t.'ie
civilized world. Whether It be in
to Liberia, electrical goods and machinery to Australia, mining machinery
to South Africa, or bridging the Nile at Atbara, American genius and push
is everywhere to be seen.
Commercial expansion was begun under Republican policies.
It thrives under Republican encouragement.
It enables home manufacturers and emyloyrrs generally to give oppor
tunities to hundreds or thousands of men.
It enables the producing classes to lind better and wider markets.
Do you want it to continue?
Do you waat it to develop still more?
A vote for McKinley and Roosevelt next month will be an answer that
you do.
ADMIRAL WATSON
DENOUNCES BRYAN.
Filipinos Would Be Quiet but
for This Election.
All that Remain Under Arms Are but
Guerillas and Bandits and Only a
Fraction of the Whole.
Rear Admiral Watson, late comman ler
of the American naval squadron in ori
ental waters, has returned to this coun
try, probably from his last cruise. He
thinks the time bas come ror mm io
speak more as a citizen than as a nsral
officer, and bis opinion ot tne conaii.ons
in the rhilippines is well worth readiu.
lie says:
"I am looking forward to t'he result of
the presidential contest with snxiety t.nd
deen interest, for I know what it means.
not only to the future of our country as
a power amonjr the nations or me ,
but to hundreds of thousands of people
in the far-away Philippines, wno wo-..i.-r
if we are goinff to step aside and watch
their throats being cut by the Tagalu.
tribes now in arms against us.
"The great majority or tne peopie oi
those islands iook upon .jjuiuaiuu uuu
his party as enemies, ine cry only serves
o give them tne tnougiu or wnat wiii
happen if American protection ot tunr
homos and lives is withdrawn.
"I would like to correct a misconcep
tion that exists in the minds of some peo
ple concerning the officers and m n of
our army and navy. Can anybody be
lieve that citizens who serve under our
flag, and who are generally known here
at home as peaceable and big-hearted
men, are going to change their whole n-
ure as soon as they get out or signi or
the United States?
Wherever In those Islands sn army
post has been established for any length
of time the neighboring populations have
taken to heart the attitude of our men
toward them, and have beea swift to
show their gratitude. .i. . .
more freely exported than ever before,
of the total eip.rts than on any former
that of 1M04 as follows:
Valae lf)3.
..$i,:!i,im,:i7I
H4,714,!70
. f . 4 .'t.!K .f 4 I
V atne 1H4.
Hr, 4M..7
!..-, 17.1 :t. I !t
'j:l7, 1 4. -.-
54,47I,701
story of the commercial eipansl
of protecting our own industries.
imports have decr.-ssed aad our eiports
IHf. lfHK.
f fl"M,.'t't:t,o.m $.-.( ,r52
IHSJH.mw 4l'.'x 4.:tid
.44!..VS 3.l7,:V"VO
H,xn.tJ: 5.:H).4H4
-4, I ,( i.xu,t4
4,4tM,it4 4.t-. I4
has grown with every large and small
least or all. The exports to the grand di
lff4 lf00
570O.f7O,M'2 a i,o . I H7.3 1 2
1 1 .!: I 2 1 H7,If.3 I (
33,2 1 2,3 1 0 3h.j4.",72I
20.H72, ifl tit.iM 3,I4
11.11 4.12 43,3!HI.!7
4,023,S1 l!i.4UU,l.0
divisions in the two years named com
1H04. lOOO
fW.MlIT.JW.l S4 IO,.V)1,40
1 tM;,iMi2,.irJ 1 .!;$ .73
I(M,I47,I07 03,fi3.-,l34
tit.ISM! 3!7 I 3!.M 1 7.1 .
2I,457,!23 34,.m;,042
3,4!J7,33s I 1,217,1 Hi
of all other nations. American khhI,
supply ing foo I to Kurope, locomotires
"Look at our own country. Hat the
American Indian ever hud any truer
friend than the soldier of Uncle Jam?
Times innumerable tie army officer b n 4
stepped in to i-are the red tn.m from th
rapacity of the rivilinn. and if in tLe
hearts of our Indians there Las ever
grown up a feeling of loyalty and (rrati
tude to the United States, that fe-!ing
ha been planted there by the American
soldier, once Li bitterest and mot re
lentless fix.
"The vast majority of the pop are
beginning to realize wh;it American rule
means, (luce they were srtrpicious cf
naturally enough, for t!ie Spaniard had
lied to them for centuries. But they :.nw
knuw that the word of an American ft'.
cer and of the American President, fp.rn
whose authority that word trt co.-, i
as good as his bond.
"I have followed my Sag In many coun
tries and on many seas. I have r.'-vcr
yet seen it tfand fir oppression or rad
faith with any people, weak or strong.
And I know that it docs nut kians for
bad faith now."
PORTO RICO IS SATISFIED.
Dr. J. II. Hf.Ilendr, treasurer of the
Island of I'orto Kico, and formerly ao
cinte profesor of economics of the Johns
Hopkin University, delivere-l an address
to graduate students of the ucirer.si'y
a few evenings ago, on the condition of
the island. After describing the oiat.nrr
of government and the conditions of io
cal self-government, he said:
"The condition of aXTairs is hojeful.
and everywhere the l-et element of the
island is rallying to the support cf Mr.
McKinley's administration. The ffcl.r.j
is growing among the people thst the ad
ministration is doing its bot to ber.etlt
the island. What I'orto Rico needs is
an intelligent appreciation of the reul
conditions of Americans. I clo not i.mt
think that an intelligent man could feel
that the I'orto Rico tariff was anything
but a necesssry fiscal device. We nce.J
$2,000.(i" JO for the island if we are t
accomplish anything. The alternatives
of the tariff law were either a subsidy
from the United States, or else the pau
perization of the island. At the present
time if the alternatives were presented
of deriving the necessary money from di
rect taxation or from the tariff, the de
cision would be overwhelmingly in favor
of the tariff. The discontent that onr
existed was caused by the delay that oc
curred la taking any action at all." j
of