c.
taps
IBKIlHiIHlIIIIDIBElinES eer
Irish Point JFlowncings, with Harrow to Match. Manisook JFuiicings9
Wide IHIeuistitehetl IFonncings. Marrow Swiss Embroidery.
Enabroidery9 in all widths
DOVSY & SON,
LAM) IN TIN- WKST.
UNCLE SAM'S FJ3 FARM, WHERE THE
PLOW HAS NOT YET BEEN.
How to ;! a Home Out of It Method
of lltiniiii it Titlo I'nder the VariMU
Land Art It l Comparatively Eaay to
Cct 4XO Acres.
Then- are thousands of acres of vacant
land which can le had at almost a nomi
nal price. In must instances it requires
only settlement, residence and cultiva
tion for a few 3-ears to obtain full and
oouiplete title to the land. The situation
ia much dillerer t from what it is in the
east, where a young fanner must run in
debt to buy a few acres of land and be
kept in debt for years. One crop of ten
acres will y the cost for building and
tools.
There are several ways of obtaining
title to agricultural lands. First is
under the pre-emption laws. The first
requisite is to make settlement upon the
hind. Settlement consists of any acts
which show the intention of the settler
to claim the land as a pre-emption. It
may le. for instance, the building of a
cellar, or starting the foundation of a
house, or building of a fence.
Having this settlement upon the land,
within three months the settler must file
a declaratory statement in the United
States office and pay a fee of 3. With
in two years and nine months he must
get upoM the land and reside thereon for
six months. Hy a decision of the land
oflice. it is not necessary for a party to
live upon the land until six months be
fore he makes final proof, but he must
live there at least six months and make
final proof before thirty-three months
from the date of settlement. He must
have cultivated a portion of the land.
In six monthsafter establishing residence
upon the land he can prove up. He must
make application to make final proof at
the land office, and advertise in some pa
per published near the land, also name
four witnesses who are neighbors and
who are not related to him. He and two
witnesses must appear !efore the proper
pflicers pn the day of making final proof
end make proof of his residence, culti
vation of the land and pay 1.2-1 per acre
in addition to the fees for advertising,
attorney's fees. etc.
HOMESTEAD.
Another method of obtaining title to
land is under the homestead act. By
this method the first requisite is the same
83 under the pre-emption Iuvs. A soldici
can file a soldier's homestead claim upon
the land which he intends for a home
stead tix months previous to making a
settlement upon furnishing his discharge,
or other proof ofhis service; but any
party can havjfx months time to make
settlement by going before the register
and receiver of the land oilice: so this
right of tl i uldier amounts to but very
little. Wi .in three montlis after settle
ment, homestead entry must be made and
a fee of GlO lie jaid the land office, .The
party, should he not go before the regis
ter ajid receiver, .qjusi be residing upojj
WILL OFFEE ON THUBSDAY,
THE
toe land al the time of making afilrfuvli
ileum a cLtU of court, ile can if he
ehooses after residing upon the land six
months, and cultivating it. prove up as
in the pre-emption and pay for the land.
Such an act is called commuting a home
stead. Should he not desire to pay for
it. however, he can live upon it five
years and then make final proof. He
need not prove up if ho chooses for seven
years. Upon making final proof ho has
only to pay the fees for advertising,
clerk, and a small fee to the register and
receiver, when he obtains the titlo for
his land. If he was a soldier in the war
his term of service as such can le de
ducted from the five years' residence,
but he must reside upon the land at least
one year. These are all the rights the
soldier has over any other citizen in re
tpect to the homestead law.
A person who wishes to take up land
under both pre-emption and homestead
act should pre-empt first.
There is still another method of obtain
ing titlo to land, and that is under the
timber act. By. this method the party
must make a timber culture entry, and
show that the land is non-mineral. He
must himself be personally acquainted
with the land in order to make this affi
davit. At any time within one year after
making entry of the land, and; paying a
fee of 14 to the land oflice, he must
plow for the ICO acres taken, five acres of
land. In the second year he must sow
the first five acres to a crop and break
another five acres. . In the third year he
must put in tree seeds or set out trees in
the first five acres, and put a crop in the
second five acres. In the fourth year he
must put tree seeds or cuttings, in the
second five acres.
The trees must be cultivated and kept
alive, and at' the end of eight years he
ran prove up and obtain title to ICO acres
by paying small fees. This act is a first
class law, and many citizens are availing
themselves of it and in good faith. It
hardly deserves the condemnation the
late demented Sparks placed upon it.
Unmarried women as well as men can
avail themselves of the privileges of
these acts.
It will be seen that at comparatively
small expense a title can be had to 4S0
acres cf fine farming land. Creat Falls
(Mon.) Leader.
A Question with Two Side.
Mr. Sheppard. the president of the
Philadelphia board of education, says:
It is. in my estimation, & mistake to
put a woman in charge of a schooL Kot
that I would cast any reflection upon
those who now hold such positions, for
their duties are performed as well as they
T.!i lie by a woman; but in the very na
. j re of things a man would be better
iualilied to hold the position, and to
:iriig up the pupils in the way they
hould go. not only from an educational
point of view, but from a moral one as
.veil. A man can reason with a boy
ibout matters that some female teachers
.vould itot care to talk atiout." Hut, on
he other hand, a woman can reason
.viih a girl aliout some matters that a
.nale teacher would not care to talk
imt. True Flair- .
II II II nil f21 R il
THE DAILY IlKllALD: H, ITSMOUTII, N KB 1C A SK A . T 1 1 1 II IS D A V .
0W
shown in tlie city at prices wliicSa will be tlie very lowest.
bubj wsmmiJBiu. wujabwu
-
N S L J
ASSORTMENT CONSISTS OF
Q. DOVEY & SON,
AMONG TIIK M OS L K.MS.
A COUNTRY WHERE WOMEN ARE
TREATED AS BEASTS OF BURDEN.
Maids auil JEalrollH Toil ill the l-'icld.
Lazinentt ami l iltli a Characteristic of (lie
People fiirl Marrkd When Only IO
Yearn Old.
A true Arab, when speaking with an
other in reference to the women of his
own country, begins his remarks with
'Ajellak Allah.'' Literally the words
mean, "May God elevate you," and in
connection with the mention of females
is construed as a wish that the hearer
may be put above contamination by the
subiect under discussion. The Moslems
! have a proverb that runs this way:
A man can bear anything but the men
tion of his women.
This expresses in the shortest but the
most forcible way the prevailing opinion
among the male Arabs of the opposite
sex. Through Egypt and Palestine
women are regarded on much the plane
as dogs and donkeys. The birth of a son
is an occasion of rejoicing, but when a
daughter comes into a family, one of
their writers says, the "threshold weeps
forty days whenever a girl is born."
The more information there is gathered
of . the actual condition of the females
among the Arabic people, the more pa-
j thetic their condition appears. Week in
and week out toe maidens and matrons
toil in the fields and mills. T'fy are
laves to bp beaten and jibtred at will.
The children as a cliiss me bright, intel
ligent and capable of being educated as
well as the young of any foreign country.
But the people are all generally poor and
shiftless, and the little ones so ragged
and dirty, until they seem to lose all hope
or self respect.
TIIEY KEVEil rLANT TKEES.
Indescribable laziness controls every
body, and the filthincss of many is in
keeping. The footpaths through Syria
are bordered usually by cactus and pomer
granate trees, and lieneath the shade the
people sit with their knees up to their
chins, lazying the days away. The
women do the work. Frequently loug
processions of women are seen staggering
under burdens of brush wood, but no
man ever thinks of offering a helping
Iiand. Generion after generation goes
on with no advance. The prevailing
sentiment is well iilustrated by the utter-
( ance of one of their philosophers, who
said they did not plant trees as they
would not live till they were grown, and
if their children wanted trees they could
plant them.
There are many stories of the pver
whelming extent to which deceit and
kindred vices prevail among Mohamme
dans. In Beyroot they say "there are
twenty-four inches of hypocrisy in the
world, with twenty-threettf them spread
over Syria," There is afuursery tale of
Satan's coming on earthAvith seven bags
of lies to distribute, but falling asleep
they were .ail accidentally opened in
&xia. Profanity is much used- Tbcsr
W7
fee
n i . i i
L x L I
no not swear in English, but their words
mean swear just tho same. "Allah" is
God; "Yullah" means O God; "Inshul
lah" mans If God will; "Wullah" and
"Bismillah," in the name of God, and
these words both men and women throw
into their talk with bewildering rapidity.'
It ij related by a missionary that when
trying to icrsuado a shiekh not to swear
the latter earnestly replied, "Wullah, I
will not."
GRANDMOTHERS AT TWENTY.
Greediness for gain is a predominant
passion among adult Arabs, and is im
pressed upon the children from their
first hour of understanding. "Back
sheesh" is the cry and leading hope.
Women and children are beaten with a
view of exciting pity among foreigners,
and through sympathy reaching their
purse. Every man is naturally a despot,
and one of the most sordid, cold and
calculating faces to bo seen in any
country is that of an Oriental phari
sce with his philactery on his fore
head. One of the notable things is the
unvarying way in which things goon,
century after century. There has been
little " change in many of the customs
since lille times. In the sacred book
Isaiah has a ver:-:e gi ving the water car
rier's cry follows: "IIo. every one
that thirstcth, come ye to the waters."
The water carrier of today goes around
with the same cry, the came skin bag
and the metal saucers that lie clajw to
gether in time with his call, as when
Isaiah was written. A thing repulsive
to Americans is the early ago at which
girls are married and tlie domestic ar
rangements. (Jirls are married before
they lire 10 yeara .ld. and are often
grandmothers l.vfo;-; thfy are CO. A
learned doctor of l';v.;i.iscus married his
wife when she was 11 years of age. It
wr.s his claim that by marrying so young
a girl he could train her asr.he should be.
Girls are taken from the English schools
at L years of age to prepare for approach
ing union with some man as old as their
fathers.
The missionaries have been laboring
to effect reformation, and, although it is
un hill work, the latest ac.-jounts tell of
progress in tho right direction. In some
familif-3 women are coming to be looked
upon more in the light of humans than
beasts of the field, and occasional courte
sies after the example set by resident
Europeans are extended them. St. Louis
Globe-Democrat.
Vagaries of Spercli.
A writer in The Paris Figaro, who has
been making fun of what he calls the
drolleries of the French language, might
have extended his purview to language
in general. There are illogicalities in
every tongue. We in England, for in
stance, do not really, though we con
stantly say we do. light a fire, boil a pot,
blew out a candle, extinguish a lamp,
serve a table or drink a glass. In old
novels one often comes across exhorta
tions from the witty and wise heroes and
heroines to their giddy companions pro
testing against such incorrect expressions
I as drinking a glass. These give an open
J ing for a crusty, old fashioned smartness.
I'lUf. 4. -8M.
APEIL 4,
i . i i r
U L -I L,
mm
&3B
E. Go DOVEY & SON.
CABLING IN CIPHER.
OUTWITTING THE COMPANIES BY
CHEAPENING DEVICES.
There Are Many Codes, but Constant
Changed Are Necessitated Tho Sharp
Eye of the Managers Ever Watching.
1 111 portan t Part Played by Competition.
A man who had received a cable mes
sage comjHised of nothing but names of
cities went to an expert maker of cipher
codes to see if he could throw any light
on the meaning.
"Have you made no personal arrange
ment with any correspondent by which
those names of cities art to stand for cer
I tain phrases?" asked the expert,
j "1 have not," answered the man. "I
i came to you Ijecausel thought you might
j have some code containing the ciphers."
"There is no printed code that contains
j proper names as ciphers," said the cx
; pert. "Tlie reason is this: The cable
I companies accepted all kinds of business
' at lin.t, even combinations of letters
j which spelled nothing. But they soon
1 found that the ingenuity of their mer
chant patrons enabled them to send al
! most any message at the cost of but a
few words, by deviling codes wherein
) each letter stood for a phrase, and
j wherein even the juxtaposition of letters
I an 1 numerals, which in themselves had
! meanings, indicated still other mcan-
ings. Cf comtj . tin's reduced the prof
its of the cable companies, so they began
to make rules. They refused to trans
mit any combination of letters unless it
sjielled an actual word. Then they lim
ited the number of languages they would
transmit. Then they refused t:i ta!:e
proper names, unless the context showed
they wi re a proper part.
"All this, of nnir.;:1. was to in:: be it so
hard to get u; satisfactory :md perma
nent cable codes that thy merchant would
be compelled for safety's sabc t; resort
to straight out and out discourse i:i fram
ing his messages, fltit as the- :i.lculties
increased men began to make s;ieciahies
of devising ingenious codes, and finally
the companies had toiomeo::t f!at footed
an ! refuse l; tiansmi: iniss::gesi:i cipher.
Of course this was a s.-vere blow to trade,
as a vajf quantity of .small bu.;ineiw could
not then be done, Ix-cause the e-o.-.t of
cabling about it cut ;7 moat of thy even
tuid profit.
CATHIE WAS YEItY i;.u
"But even then codes wi re ur.ed. but
of a curious sort. In one that I know ;f.
j for instance, it was arranged that a cer-
tain large catalogue of common verbs.
nouns. adjecti ves and prepositions should
be understood to have no meaning what
ever. The cipher words were made up
outside of this catalogue, and tlie ex
empted words were .used to (ill in. giving
the semblance of an actual, straight ciui
I sentence. 1 ten was a scnter.ee-. lor in
stance, that 1 cabled whilo :i clerk in a
BJlIjipiilg IIOHM-T
Virie very itl Tell Thomas prepare nitrato;
Ananias poiu: tlugraph Josephiae.
"That looks innocent; ye; this s what
it meant:
few
i
ID
from 11 to SIS Inches
SHanabms-gh
V.-i y - ;
I. n (,v't:wiitiOii
Tl -No
T'-M - N
Tik:ii ts S!i!j ;:l tt:ii.v;l clt.
''I'r.'juirt - 1 lilt' lirjn li ctl tons
''Xiirutu Xitnuv of so-1 a salt!H-ter
"Ainaiias- WV t:an sell i.t.
"JjMc;!iiu: wtiis
"So you see I really sent this message:
'Jlzr!:( t on ev of n s!iarp risu Uuy fur sivu
Lit ion S!ii;i 100 tons nitralo of scxln at earliest
dispatch Wo can st;Il at 9 cc-Dts Telegraph.
"That is to say, I sent twenty-six
words at a cost of eleven words, while I
appeared to the cable company to be mere
ly transmitting a communication that
poor Carrie was sick, and that Ananias
was going to telegraph Josephine about
it. It must have seemed strange to tho
operators that we should telegraph
Thomas, who was miles awuy, ta
prepare medicine for Carrie, who wast
presumably in New York, especially aa
the rate then was about C'J a word. It
must also have secmed strange that Car
rie got very ill every time there was a
rise in the nitrate market. Ihit tho mes
sage was straight discourse, and of
course the companies had nothing to do
but accept the message.
"no cinacrcs r::r.;iiTTED."
"Competition liually came to tho mer
chant s aid. New cable lines, seeking
business. oITered more liberal conditions
and gradually tho merchant acquired, a1
his recognized right, the power of using
a cipher code. Still, most of the original
petty retriclions were adopted by all
competitors. Among these' were the reg
ulations r. gainst proper names. As a
matter of fact, in tho present etato of
competition, one is tolerably safe in using
proper name's and ciphers, for each com
pa:iy is afraid of driving custom to a
rival by applying the rule. Consequently
there are any nu!'i he r f small jiersonal
or temporary codes agre-ed upon between
man and man to servo a certain imme
diate purpose, in which names of towns
or persons figure as ciphers. Hut wo
professional code makers, who compile
and print expensive codc3 for sale to tho
public, carefully avoid infringing even
dead letter rules, because we do not
know when some big ca'ele company
may swallow up a smaller competitor
whom one. of our patron3 patronizes and
screw down the thumbs on some rule, to
the disadvantage of our patron and our
selves. "Looking over this catalogue hero cf
tho cablo lines of the world, you will
Etill find a dozen or more companies,
chiefly located in the ends of Asia, Af- -riea
and Polynesia, who boldly adver
tise, No ciphers permitted." That means
that they have a monopoly of their par
ticular fields and are working their dia
mond mines for c!l they're wortli. In
no line of bu;,iaess is tho advantage of
good competition shown more strongly
than. : cabling. Merchants who deal
with i'ar off countries will tell you tliat
those lands which aro reaclrtil by only
onecible line aro as yet practically u:i
dkcovcrod by trade." Zl York Sun.
r-f-,
A bridegroom et Jlonroc. Ga.. being
without ruoue'y; gave the justice a little
rulVit dog, which be bad with liira.