I ENEU xuC COW.
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"SCUSSION OF HEBREW METHODS
OF SLAUGHTERING CATTLE.
Provision of the Jcwlth Iir m Em
bodied In tho Yoreli lteah X?ie Differ
ence Uetween "Kowber" and "Trefa."
Selling "! fi" Meat to Christians.
"Our great enemy is the cow. Against her
and her brother, tho ox, the great preventa
tive i always to boil your milk thoroughly,
and f-.at your meat well done."
Ho said President Chauveau In his speech
at tho First International Tuberculosis con
gress at Paris, as reported by cable.
Iu view of tho di.scusj,ioii by medical men
on both sides of the Atlantic as to whether
tuberculosis is communicated from the bo
vino to tho humnn race, a reporter talked
with Dr. Frederick de Kola Mendes, of the
Gates of Prayer Synagogue, and Chief Rabbi
Joseph, on tho Hebrew manner of slaughter
ing cattle.
Dr. Mendes said: "Tho idea that tubercu
losis can bo propagated in the human Seciefi
by the consumption of the flesh of animals
suffering from disease is an old one to the
sanitary legislation of our people. Tho pro
visions of tho Jewish law, as embodied in
the Yoreh Deahare minute and cover the
details sufllciently to enable the slaughterer
to decide whether tho animal he has just
bMhered is freo from all taint.
'I compiled a chart of sixty different ap
pearances in tho lungs of cattle some malig
iiaut, soma harmless and which are all
described in tho accompanying text. It is
the duty of tho butcher who slays the animal
to closely examine tho lungs of the carcass
and from their appearance decide whether it
is free from tuliercular and other taints. It
would Ik Impossible for tho carcass of an in
fected animal to pass the inspection of a con
scientious slaughterer aud be pronounced fit
for use.
"I know nothing of any enacments of the
Jewish law which compels an examination
of the milk of animals suspected of tubercu
losis. Having no knowledge of tho statistics
us to whether Hebrews, who observe the
rides, are less liable than Gentiles to tuber
culosis, I can givo no opinion. I should judge
that, other things being equal, the observ
ant Jew has tho leiielit of his fidelity to the
law in greater immunity from tubercular dis
eases. The questions of kosher meat were
discussed at length in Chicago some months
ago."
CIHEF RABBI JOSEPH.
Chief Rabbi Jacob Joseph, at his residence,
said: "I have been too busy with my mani
fold duties to examine the slaughter houses
of our peoplo yet. I have examined some of
the knives to seo that they have no jagged
edges and nro as sharp as possible so as to
avoid unnecessary suffering by the cattle.
Tho law book Yoreli Deah, section 35, de
scribes tho lungs of cattle the lobes and the
rose lobe.
"If tho lobes are radically malformed we
coll tho animal 'trefu,' or unclean, and there
fore uneatable If the external or surface
tissue of tho lungs has holes in it it is a dis
ease, but may le cured, but if the underly
ing skin has holes also it is 'trefa.' liome
times the holes are very small in both integu
ments. AVe place the lungs in water and
inflate them through the windpipe. If there
are air bubbles that shows perforation. Tho
lobes of tho lung must not be adherent to
the body of the animal or each other; that
shows that there are holes and pus has gen
erated, thereby causing this sticking to
gether. This is 'trefa. If the outer skin is
Lord and leathery it is 'trefa.' If the lungs
cannot bo easily inflated and fall together,
that shows inflammation and consequent fill
ing up of the bronchial tubes. This disease
Js curable."
"After death how can you tell whether the
sickness was curable?" asked the reporter.
"We put the lungs into water in all doubt
ful cases for twenty-four hours. We then
inflate them, and if they come up as in nor
mal condition the animal was curable and
' therefore eatable. If there aro watery pus
tules on the outward 6kin it is curable, but
in the case of confluent pustules it is 'trefa'
and not 'kosher. If there are black stains
on the outer skin of tho lung it is 'trefa, but
if white stains, 'kosher;' if yellow stains,
'trefa;' if blue, 'kosher.'
"Now as to milk. While the cow is alive
it cannot be discerned whether the milk is
unhealthy except the animal has tho foot
and mouth disease. Tho milk of such cow is
forbidden; also the butter and cheese made
from her milk. Dropsy as a result of dis
ease is chronic in cattle and in man. If the
flesh of such cattle be consumed the infec
tion is naturally absorbed."
THE HEALTH BOARD RESPONSIBLE.
""What becomes of the animals that are
slaughtered and are not kosher?"
"As loug as the board of health permits
the sale of tho cattle we can sell it to Chris
tians and others. If Christians want to buy
kosher' meat of us we are bound to sell it to
them. Tho law says so. If the Christian
asks for 'kosher' meat and is given diseased
meat the Hebrew commits a sin."
"Do you think that Hebrews suffer more
from tuberculosis than Christians P
"Universal statistics show that the He
brews suffer less from lung disease than any
other race. They certainly suffer less from
lung disease than any other race from sick
ness caused by eating diseased meat. The
general health of the Hebrews is excellent.
Our law does not designate any disease which
comes from cattle that man can be inocu
lated with.
"As a rule Hebrews soak meat in water for
half an hour after purchasing it, and then
salt it for an hour. This is considered a san
itary measure. Shell fish oysters, crabs,
lobsters are not eaten by the orthodox
Jews."
Dr. M. G. Dadirrian, a native of Asia
Minor, but now practicing in New York,
said to a reporter:
The subject of tuberculosis is ono of great
interest to me, as it must be to every medical
University Medical college in this city twenty
years ago, I re'urned to my home and prac
ticed in Asia Minor three years, and in Con
stantinople twelve year3. I may say that I
Lad a very largo practice, but being a Chris
tian I had some trouble with the Greeks, so
four years ago I packed up my belongings
and brought my family to New York,
"Now, during all those years in the East I
rarely came across a case of tuberculosis, and
I have formed a very strong opinion on the
cause of the absence of the disease in that
7rt of the world. The Parisian congress
found that by cooking meat well and boiling
milk there was less danger of catching the
disease. And this conforms with the result
of my experience in Asia Minor and Con
stantinople. There the natives eat generally
.mutton and drink goat s and sheep's milk.
They scarcely touch beef or cow's milk, but if
they do they cook tho meat well and always
ferment the milk. Here the mistake seems
to be that people imagine that there is more
nourishment in rare meat and milk from the
cow, bat this is a fallacy, and I am glad that
the Parisian congress reported it as such."
Tew York Herald.
, The cost of public education in Prussia is
5 crU per bead, . .. -r- -.
James I).1 Heene is said to be almost a
millionaire again.
Mr. Walter Beaant says the time is not
far distant when writers will bo able to
make as large fortunes as bankers.
Ono of Senator Palmer's pleasantest
recollections is of a trip he took through
Spain on foot w hen a boy. lie went in
company with four other Detroit boys,
all of whom had very little money, but
an inordinate amount of grit.
J. V. Bradberry, of Athens, Ga., has
a war relic that recalls mournful mem
ories to him. It is the first bullet fired
from a Federal gun at his old regiment,
the Tliird Georgia, and it killed his
brother, who fought at lus Bide.
Andrew Lang seems to . be about the
most industrious literary man of the
present age. lie is said to spend four
hours a day in independent intellectual
work, and also writes regularly for three
London journals, receiving from these
$15,000 a year. "With his other accom
plishments Mr. Lang is a first class hu
morist. According to The London Court Jour
nal, Sir John Millais is engaged upon a
three-quarter length portrait of Miss
Vanderbilt, in whom, it is said, "he lias
found a face which ho can paint at least
sympathetically." It is probable that
the picture will be finished this month,
and that it will he exhibited at the
autumn exhibitions in London.
Dr. William Everett, son of the fa
mous orator, is jossessed of a phenom
enal memory. lie is master of Adams
academy at Quincy, Mass., and never
uses a text book in the class room. Vir
gil's "Eneid" and Horace's "Odes and
E podes' ' he knows by heart. On account
of his remarkable voice, which combines
in a startling manner the qualities of
bass and falsetto, he is irreverently re
ferred to as "Piggy'' Everett among the
boys.
Capt. Ericsson is still halo and hearty,
and is at present occupied in his well ap
jinted workshop, in Beach street. New
York, in working out what he intends to
bo the crowning achievement of his life
his solar engine a machine intended
to capture the heat of the sun's rays and
apply its force to the operation of ma
chinery for manufactures and locomo
tion, lie has practically solved this
problem, but has not as yet developed it
to his full satisfaction. He . pursues his
experiments today with as much zeal and
industry as ever.
Tho present congress boasts two Breck
inridges Clifton R. and William Cabell
Preston. When people speak of Mr.
Breckinridge, however, they usually al
lude to W. C. P., who is a handsome,
gray haired, gray whiskered man, whose
greatest delight in life is in his 12-year-old
daughter. They are inseparable com
panions, and when Mr. Breckinridge goes
out to make calls on New Year's day he
takes his little daughter with him, not
withstanding the mother's mild remon
strances. This innovation on New Year's
day's customs is highly relished at the
houses where Mr. Breckinridge calls.
John McCune, the largest single oil
producer in the world, whose estate is
worth $10,000,000, is about 45 years of
age, of medium size and dark complexion.
His face is smooth shaven, except that
he wears a heavy black mustache. His
history is a remarkable one. Ho was
born in Ireland and landed at Castle Gar
den less than twenty-live years ago with
scarcely a dollar hi his pocket. He
drifted into the oil country and became
an oil well driller. By lucky accident he
obtained large interests in tho Bingham
lands at Bradford when tho field was in
its infancy. He left Bradford worthJ$2,
000,000. Since that time his operations
as an oil producer have been invariably
successful, and his wealth, as stated
above, is not less than $10,000,000. A
large part of his fortune is invested in
government bonds, and he also owns an
immense cattle ranch in Colorado. He
is one of the most modest and unassum
ing of men, of polished manners, and
speaks as Emoothly as though a native
American. His homo is at Washing
ton, Pa.
A Bigger Telescope Still.
Infinite space is something the hitman
mind cannot comprehend. It is unthink
able, but the marvelous discoveries by
the Lick telescope help a little to expand
the mental vision. Now that the great
telescope has been thoroughly tested it
is time to plan one still larger. While
the Clarks are in the prime of life
the work should bo accomplished. The
government of the United States ought
to undertake the expense of tho great ex
periment. The next glass should be at
least four feet in diameter, and five, if
glass disks of that size can be secured.
Tho next generation may not bo able to
construct such a glass. We aro confi
dent that the Clarks can do it. But
there are such things as lost arts, and the
art of making exceptionally great tele
scope lenses can be lost. Rochester Dem
ocrat. Revival Among the Japanese.
Rev. Dr. Harris, of San Francisco, who
has just returned from a visit to the
Japanese Methodist mission in Honolulu,
informs Tho Chronicle that an active re
vival is in progress there among the
Japanese, and says the converts do not
consider themselves at all safe till they
ore baptized. The moment this is done
they are all right. One of them, instead
of eating his communion bread, asked
tliat it might be sent to his relatives in
Japan for their spiritual good. New
York World.
Annexing "So Man's Land."
Kansas is anxious to annex the strip of
land called "No Man's Land," adjoining
the state, not, the newspapers say, "for
boom purposes," but for protection.
Every thief and murderer who commits &
crime in western and southern Kansas
makes a break for No Man's Land, where
he is as safe as the nianslayer of old in
tlic city of refuge. Chicago Herald.
Henry Ward Beecher Farm.
The beautiful farm of the late Henry
Ward Beecher at Peekskill is going to
waste, none of his heirs having the means
wherewith to carry on fancy fanning the
way Mr. Beecher used to do. This farm
cost the great preacher about $300,000,
and his executors would like to sell it for
$S0,000. Cincinnati Commercial Ga-rette.
th
thi
Mystery of Circus Lemonade.
After squeezing a lemon until it was as
dry as a tariff speech the old soldier lemon
ade vender on Randolph street deposited its
remains iu a big glass bowl or tureen. A
close fitting cover is kept on the bowl, and is
only lifted a moment as each piece of ex
tinct lemon is dropped into the big dish.
Nearly a peck of overworked lemon rinds
were piled up in the bowL
"Why are you so careful about those
lemon peels" queried a curious patron of the
stand.
"Want to keep 'em moist and clean. 'What
furP Oh, jes' 'cause I want to."
The old soldier looked guilty. He stam
mered a bit in giving his wholly unsatisfac
tory explanation.
"D'ye sell 'emr
"Yes sometimes. You see, the candy
butchers of the circuses and the picnic fakirs
uses 'era. They slice up these rinds and put
'em in a tub of water to make it look like
real lemonade. A little citric acid put into
the tub gives the water a sourish taste, and
it ain't many people as knows the difference.
They ain't very preticuler, noway, and the
lemon rinds floating in the water makes 'em
believe it's all right. I keep 'em in this cov
ered bowl to keep moist until I get home.
wheu I put 'em in a damp place. If the rind
got real dry once it wouldn't look nat'ral
and wouldn't cut up nice." Chicago News.
"When VFe Study Great Authors.
What we ail want is better order in our
daily thoughts, a clearer vision, a firmer
courage. True culture of course implies
progress in these directions, but much that
passes for culture does little or nothing either
for the mind or for the character. Much de
pends on the end we keep in view. If we
study great authors for the sake of showing,
as it were, an elaborately furnished drawing
room in our minds, we shall get about the
same amount of benefit as people commonly
get from elaborate drawing room furniture;
but if we study them so as to gain a wider
outlook on the world through understanding
their thought aad duly estimating the condi
tions under which they wrote if, moreover,
we prove ourselves from time to time to see
whether we are really gaining in mental
power the benefit to us may be very great.
Popular Science Monthly.
In the White Mountains.
Miss Begonia I love music; do you play
on any instrument, Mr. Smith
Smith (who acted as college waiter last
rammer, absent tnindedly) Only the gong.
lime.
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