Htf UAILV IIERALU, i-XATl!SAICJU rij;l'iE.WrtASKAt XV EDN ES I A V. M A K C II 7. 1888?
fcr
'r
REDUCING THE SUTLER'S SURf UUS. 1
JIVW Die rtmiivvJv.uiIi IJoyii t;t .
of t! i:xtrllnat Sntlor.
Tho regiment was next heat to rrt' I
la a few (lay i they were u.v.i;;in.-l t
tiitfl l'ft com tieid, nml tlieV Ml, (iut t
inarch Tor I'uiiiux Court 1 1 ase, liuti ji
ta;--r to rr. !i l!..-ir .It .! oin'ioii.
lnd U--n isMi--. l 1 )iv s'.ii-t.iM ;. i;,
passing .' iiiiini d. ti st:ir o!Iic.-r rod.
Col. I le.-Jiaa .-ml din-c!;d liju toll
lx-i;ilii"i:, on tlie : poi. iu:d uwiit ord :r
ofli.vi- u.i ; -... i ' I . i 1 1 (;,,M ;ir
mi inmi.'!i -.-1 i . -1 -. . j.ur v.-. i mi
t-art wheels .nil ,;.iv'.. Lis orders
head
.'rnig.
. (Jen.
u tho
y mi"l
at ionu
i ;ift'-r
: lip to
ill thO
. Tin
.1 wore
ni.i! un
to tho
colomd in Lrv e.i I'd
-n.
tsoon a s'ii U u.i .
from Si' I -i'1'i'i.it .
1 ii -:irel
'1 I :y liov.1
tlioilht,
;! why
t-i. TJ ...
a f.'ii:
I' !;'' s
!!!.. r
OVi :.i
llu-y i! i.i l..r ,i !
ftig'-l Wil l i-o ! !i' .11 : i
MIlI'M, lo.'( th. ii ! I
having a h:i','TV i ;
frcv:li from i,,
11 pound f. r -1 .i -. ,
' , ."ml '.voimIu
! : I!., ir v.iji
1 v.in i.i f. r
:.t. , full
iu-i ; i.-r
1'
S
:.t,
ii
ii
!
it
J
at !!!.' i .
nfh piiee: t r:-!-like,
tin i. it n .;.:
to rpp.-a .!!. :r r ; -
LriiK-s- the . J'.
put tin; in,..'. ;. ; :
let, so In ivi 1 r
innnry i. L r i;. v
Company C! :. 'a ti
till and : : 1,'v e
When the fii;. r v. .
van-!-, t!:T :.- r ,,-.-v '.
etui draw . il t.hn
cushion !r.!-. l'.aeh
ns the i r"c.u.t h
money n;-o;,:: 1 m.-.j
their f;ruiuM.i:0 f ai
any priiv.
Wlica tl:-.-,j:!or
was never l:ivnv;i,
Lardly r-a-l:--l ILJ
Fairfax Cmii t II..'.!:-
f;.
1'WiC i !
sS"M: r
mom y
.' ere
tir::o io
h: ; w.-'i-
siid t;..
yaiit i.i
urovis 1
o V-urtnia.
lelivirr lii.l
in Lis r.rai
under th-j
lri an'!,
t!.;
'l'-y h::sii. .l
r ihij.y at
! oT,
v.-i'.!i
.;. A .
I.
1 l:
1
1
:'S i;
I. tt
! ;
fro
t'!'
fir
1
r :
i: w
i,.;.-ovoi
n ,r.r
t!:.-MI
ed hij 1o:j
'iriwnt had
d oatsido (,t
neIiiterin.r
i in thy ror.d
-' tones !
:i' l wus to lc
rily told Col.
v"o l.iai dis
r:nittias his
l aid I'lc-nan,
'Jet him try
:r.n bhoiit the
.-.-voj-,1 i.iid jtb
u:id i';ij :;eea
.t.
KtafT otIJcer u ho I
came ijallof-fii;'; i.
id L:.lU-d then
c:id in uvg
. i'rre 1 1:o eol:
mandi'd to !::;
found. It" foam
II. 'cnaa V.y.X
luis-Mi fi'.'-::i t't.a
III. Ml to r' -b thi: ..
him, f.::il n;.
1 .oujd l.u
."vvi'-o for ;
in la!ig,-!:.-.t.,e
it. I'ln .Norrv i
id dly i;
1I4..J' v
tho :
rl'i s
tiiiia :
,r,...,..
!:
i
thief."' r"p
l:?arci rod" t.'.' I h
no r.iore. l'Lil;:L',
A V:
The;-.-
goir- !;.
-svlt'a iii.i 1
H:i2ifaae
by tid . .
w':"o in;
i! .
ilimui!
boat
:n u -1
: ido
!l I-
.1
d
l.-.-j
ho:it
at were
:;:!::i::i'-r
'iroll:;:;;
d yuun.j
oi' ti: in
1
. tho
citv. Ha 1 v ,; '
abo::r. ; u1 '
rurlil v. i.o ,iJ'
all f...- V..ru
SOU t'.HJ W;y
L i:id3 and ;.
part of iao )
bis l:anl so r.v
down o.i t.1 li
my coin; i.i r.:,
master sai;': ''
.. 1
.'.':h ;
si';1
..o l
i'iouo to
the deck
; i cf that
io':.; to t;ie
'i.i
i h
hi J Jii..:.:iorri
ej I'.-hi, slight .C
Alt hiai, Lis
-Iiia;'.U i-reni:;
"i h it fcllov of
- Jet hiia act up
Oviat."
vi wr.iii at the
i t'.l:'
to have
i..'
mine. I ! :i'i:,
for a f::'il Kin o i
L:ist mo''.: '.: I vu
Ilnfua ;!). ' .'.'.
You re'.:
of mv oa.i;;. i ! i
boa: ."
I t M hi'. I I ".; ', ;
'CSa.i'' :i:d h.
flothf:; fron; J .e an
X-i:r.l .ied,
no
isrsc
iia;: :
Oil the
i.i
I-.:
. two
. uU of
ii1.! 1.0 VS:
boXfo.
1 -i
jvve
and tli ' ri'Xi I !;.':.
; Ka.
.,-ii: J
for an lr.
& t a i!!. .
lickhi-i
'V."ir.- d-.
"Wh i- :
Loind i.
it';; fun t
fas'.ii.'U-i'.i:
been iai:;"
bow the ! :
it v.v.s ti'.i-.I
to f.o to I
niorL.0.-. . '.
Ik;-.;
Hi i
o v Vol
and I
k. lies
Lear ho
r t ; .
l::y.:'
. :- how
. ,1 i; .
asked.
l. "IIo"s
i oon, tad
iV
. noto in a
iw soe'.-ty had
I rd, a:u!
a od hiia h:id,
moacy enon';h
!.-: fiiri'acr
d
i I
iny a::i ..i
Ear:'--a:r.-v.t t
polit-jnes-, t ;.'
man. h.-'.i :-
'D j yo i v. .
pcr.-o:ir.l ;
"ilo .-'-O-. l
citi.-on -f t
now, and '.. -
1 cntc-h Ida 1 1.
"YouM i:e
"How de.
"Every ti:
the i-taH..' ar .
Alfred Tra
1 on my
iof;y
in:::: i
ntk-
. -ery nay
; Lead if
.Aa-i, I ;
L s c . t-n.
".ops over ti
! .ov3 there.1
: v.-A-
n in l !i'
The Tel.! ::; "V I; l-.-ii-r.s -' -slcr."
To the uaiaitiut-'d i i : "roai". r.uzzio Loit
the danger. uf iiz'acr :irrt av.: wl-erc
thero aro s. ) r.v.-.rr e. ..-"iel -i.-j cf electricity
as ia a televa"; !i oZ.t-a. TJ .-t-o than ",CUo
different wie.-. co:u a ir.'.o the V" iierti UiJa
building, ai:d ma ui-'re or le:-j di: eetiy to the
desks of the epeKaLo: Even when less
electric attractions ;'.re waiitTT:;-;. most jicoplo
confers to a cvruiit i'et.ji. 'f iuseeurity
when the clenivaia rj:e u'jti wako r.n terrify
ing llasJ.es of jV.tk d fiuy. Keaiiybalf tht
operators are y x :g woijju, nv.d they may
be exj.eled to o the )"M.'rerul seatiiuents
of their co:i" rnlng '.aid r.aeertaia and
wicked looking 1
viJ. .l an a. it
all other p...:. i
huma'J pr":v.-?H
Every v. ir.j.
pasje tlr.-o-.-j. t!
b"ard. a::-.'.
This ior.r.l i; a
parreiii s
of it oi ': 1 -ifail
to . . v I..
vnd it i :u-c. ea
t,--- "
Lha SiA '-!
k Hii'u tsj-eree has pro-v.-;'.i
r.Jto aimot
..'.lid ia i;:o war of
.o li'iillii:,
i1-::-; i::.rrow"
i. U;0 tJ.;i.
It
it.
nnve
l I Ids
: "O
cr.
d. is
and
roon:.
ret, a:
1
i !-::i --lighi-rai
or
ning, v. :i ;
froai i.MUi
go. AUilu..'
tries! iafiiua ' -
proc-e.l dlreeiiy '
switcliloard i.i thv"
they are .-.top;-.- ;. J
maehiuus ia iLe nv
and i-o:!i:."t:o:.s ui
n
"C : : ;
eiee-
Tae v.drts
rcf-S
u I no
;r; r.i:;ig r.":o, where
e s.-:. r: utiached to the
.id run to thi-i hoard,
tv:.:! .--..-h'" ! tliero v.itii
the throarh liae.-. -o
Vv.-: k 'Irjbaae.
An Item ff i'xP''Wl
Aa item in tho errrei: account of
street railways wl.i, :, .a tae eo.;r of tho
year amounts to a go. ..1 r- ar.d but w that for
altu.d on the traeks ia snowy j.r sloppy
weather. At every viada-t, carve and cross
- viii Is siationed with a backet of sii..
busily sprinkling tho tracus. iiiinuui-ii;- j
tire strei.-t railway sy steal of the city-is eon- j
will tt onew ee seen taat i.io oi.i-
Jay for tho material usod cnu l:Uoc rnipioj e i
j'eaches far into tho Jhoasaads oZ dollars.
.'hicugo Tribui.
A Srvleell Nerap ItooV.
A corrcsjiontlfnt of an ctlucational
tiowppctper jvlicvc3 lio lias found a goo'
thing Tn the way cf a serrict-able tcrap
Look. Instead of loaves on which to
paste tho wraps, it lias jock'ti or onvcl
ojies, into which ho drojw Ids cuttings
from iifwspajKTf. or magazines, lty this
hinioh' in tlixl lie is f-avtnl the time and
trouble of pasting. These cuttings are
classified according to Mibjects; all the
wrap oa a given t-uhji-ct, cr class of
hiibiects, are put into the same i-nvclopo.
The title of tlie Mi'.,
envelope ooiita'miii
er t m written oil tlie
; it, and the name ii
also entered in 1 1 index in front of the
lKk. When information is wanted upon
any Mibject, all the sera will be found
in one place, an.l can bo easily removed,
consulted and replaced at pleasure.
Ik-oide.s printed wraps, notes, one's
own thoughts reduced to writing, lec
tures or addn-Kfcf-s can thus 1 tiled, and
a record of the timo juid jilace of deliv
ery written on the outside of the envel
ope. I5nsy, practical men, literary men,
teachers or clergymen can in this way
l:eep their scraps of information in leadi
i;.ss for future consultation. An in
genious student of natural history has
perhaps an improvement ujion this
method. Instead of a scrap book witli
xiekots or envelojies, he utilizes a. row of
pastel ard l.made to resemble Ixjokei.
upon the backs of which the contents,
IJiogrnphy," "Natural History," etc.,
are inscribed. Both of the foregoing
methods of scrap . keeping have l-en
i ted and found practically utfful, and
by either of them an article, when itsu
1 lis .r linally disi"osxl of, can be with
drawn and destroyed. Chambers' Jour
nal. II Didn't Care to "Vrnglc."
Th" tirst railroad that penetrates a
Lack wood. community in the south calls
tl;.- negroes for miles to shake baodu, as
they term it, "wid do ingine." The old
darkey, who is a great respecter of ier
sor.s and things, does not at lirst regard
the locomotive as a machine, but looks
upon it ns a monstrous creature of life.
""Wall, sr.h, I neber Vpccted ter see
tl h er sigLt ez dis, ' s;aid an old negro
who had cautiously approached a lail
ro.nl engine. iit.l who stood watching the
engineer rub the bniss cylinders.
Why to, old man?"' tlie engineer
atked.
Ca:: sah, I thought tie Ltwl gwine
slio'ly put out my light To' dis day come
ter puss. 3riu,.-.yful hebens. dat thing is
j::vn;-f.u! Jes" lisiun at him, how he
clr.:ggi'.i' hbse'f. Ikt ho wouldn' git
o-.iii ii de way fur r.o'uody. Bet you cf I
v. ii. tor nieet 'int in !e roal IM step er
s!Jo niiglitv wion. What" he raised, mis-
4 -New Hampshire."
'Wall, I better b'lebe you. Ixok at
oe l-ian ciiinhin' right up in de thing!
(Jres-hos eiiive!"' he exclaimed, ai the en
f,iuo Legan to jjulf, 'cf he ain't dun
gone!"
How would you like to ride on it?"
some one asked.
The old negro, regarding his questioner
with a look of contempt, replied:
I intuit er lost a good deal.o' 6cnse in
my time, but 1 ain't lost it all. Vv"cn I
w ii. er young man I could ride anything
dat come erlaung. Lut now dat l'se old I
ain't gwine progic. sah; 1 jes' nachully
au'i gwine progic." Arkansaw Traveler
I'raying; for I'ine Weather.
In fhose countries where, unlike Cali
fornia, t.'-ey have to pray for fine weath
er, it needs sometimes a great deal of
faith to stick to the church. In .'Scotland,
for instance, one of tho few really relig
ious countries in the world, a large pro
portion of the minister's duty is to pray
for lino weather. There was a quiet
Scotch village where the farmers were
.-..il in the dumps. The Scotch mist kept
coming down all the time, and it alter
nated wi;h a frequent very heavy storm.
Tha minister had prayed every Sabbath
for fine weather without avail for four
weeks. He met .an old farmer one day.
"John," he said, "ihisfearfii' weather's
nr.th:::g hut a judgment o' jod yn thia
parish. Ve'r sich a wicked let that the
Lord's jist gaun to punish ye."
"'Deed, minister, we dinna tak the"
t;anio view of it. We think that there's
soiucthin' the rnatte wf the minister.
He hasna got sufficient inllufince up
there; an' I'm tellin' ye, minister, if ye
dinna eucceed wi' your prayer next Sab
liala we'll be maist unfortunately com
plied to discharge yo an' ca1 somebody
e.'-?e." San Francisco Chronicle.
The Itn2G-Ccrinan Boundary Una.
There is a very Ffrong contrast between
the appearance cf things on the two sides
of the Ixmndary between Germany and
lln. ria. On tl. German side the land
scape is dotted with beautiful, cozy homes,
with every evidence of pros)erity and
thrift, with well cultivated fields, vine
clad stables, neat looking kine, hedges
tastefully trimmed and patches of flow
ers, while in the towns and villages were
handsome railway stations, tempting
cafes, large factories, handsome school
houses, and every symbol of a higher
civilization and prosperity. On the east
side of the line there are none of these,
and the change takes place instantly,
Thrift and comfort are replaced by dis
tress and degradation. The fields are un
cuUivated, except in patches here and
there siKts where it was the easiest to
plow the cattle are lean and hungry,
the homes cf tho people are log or mud
hut?, and there i3not a schoolhouse to be
seii from the boundary line to the capi
:.!. Wiliiam Elerov Curtis in Chicago
News.
Kicycles unci Tricycles.
The Fpeetl attained by the bicycles and
tricycles on a good road is superior to
thr.t attained by a fast trotter for the
same distance, and as a speedy mode cf
conveyance is only surpassed by a few of
the fastet-t steani;-hips- and the locomo
tive. Two riders recently rode a tricycle
CO miles 715 yards in one hour and rode
CI miles in To minutes 42.8 seconds, or
at r.n average rate of C0,;i5 miles per
Lour. The mechanical construction of a
bicycle is well worth study. The requi-t-ile
amount of strength is probably ob
tained with a smaller proportion of
weight than in any other machine, and
ton.-idering the trying nature of the
rams, a iair amount oi tiuraouuy ana
isnnniiiuy iroui oreaKuuwus is ooiaineu.
'Hie price, however, per pound (about
y :yt 0r jne oe5t and lightest machines is
considerably in excess of that of almost
any other machinery. Railroad Gazette.
AMERICAN WOMEN'S VOICES.
A Vounjr KrIUh Itlplonuit'a lu-mark
Hiroat C.yiiinuHticit.
Considerable discussion has leen causetl
by a remark of a young diplomat belong
ing to the Knglish fisheries commission.
He said that ho was much struck with
the facial and physical loveliness of
American women, but that Ids sense of
the harmonious was jarred when they
sjioke. ' "Knglish women's intonation is
musical, low, sympathetic, while that of
the typical daughter of America is high.
ffjiiicwli.it harsh, and not grateful." lie
added that in reiose the American
woman is more attractive than her
English sister; but that the latter is more
agreeable in conversation.
Throughout the debate which this
caudor has started their irt no denial of
the assertion that American women's
void's are often disagreeable and that
English women's intonation is more
melodious. But there is no proper cfFort
to get at tho cause of the difference.
There is an error in admitting that the
diirerence is due to higher pitch in this
country than in England Any one who
has heard English women shaking with
total self-unconsciousness in their own
homes knows that they run to quite a"
high a note as women of any other coiif.
Jry; and that, in projortion as the spirit
is amiable, tho voio rises as naturally in
the gamut as tho thermometer ascends
when the icy fetters loosen the mercury.
Miss Terry's -oice is perfectly natural on
the stage, and when she is not tragic it
is in a high key. Sontag was noted for
talking PS "flutes lisp and night ingals
warble,"' and lolh are af their best in
high pitch.
The trouble lies not in the pitch, but in
the quality of voice. When Lear said of
Cordelia. "Hex voice was over soft,
gentle ami low, an excellent thing in
woman," it was quality, not pilch, ho
correctly dcscrilied. When I'etruchio
says of Knthevino, jn "Taming of the
Shrew." "Think you a little din can
daunt mine ears?" he describes again tho
oHensiveness in woman's voice, its noisi
ness, not its pitch. Chaucer knew that
"small voices, sweet entuned." wer
"the sweetest melody he ever heard;"
and once again it is quality, not pitch,
that is referred to. It is undeniable that
in the American air all voices are more
or loss roughened by the c atarrhal mala-
cnes, more uisagieeaino liian dangerous,
"We can count too easily tho singers we
have produced: and the moment a voice
is discovered there is feverish anxiety to
get it out of the country before our
winds crack it in the throat. Few sing
ers born or bred in Europe return, unless
in extraordinary cases pi" groat laryngeal
pliability, with as even or' cuavc. a tonal
ity its they bring out here.
The voices that are bred among us we
do our best to destroy for musical qual
ity in either singing or speaking by the
flocutionary antics of our schools. In
England, except among those who are
latterly patrons of the public primary
schools, tuition outside the home in
childhood is all but unknown. The gov
erness is a tradition as immovable as the
house of lords or the judges' wigs. Tho
children study and recite in an ordinary
room. The 'low' voice is naturally and
sweetly developed, because the lining of
the throat is not scrajod by voice forcing.
When singing lessons legin the special
timbre of each voice is carefully watched;
and as rapidly as indications suffice, it is
given tlie proper education for its natu
ral register, Ik? that high, low or medium.
Meanwhile we have forty children in a
large schoolroom; the teacher arranges
them in a row at the rear, and stands
herself at the front of the apartment,
and tho child who reads loudest is the
highest in order of merit. It is con
sidered particularly commendable if the
entire class can read in concert louder
than any other entire class in all the com
petitive schools competing for the ruin
of individual voice quality. The same
unscientific course is followed in music.
All sing the same register for years: all
are urged to shout and ''holler" in school.
When they are of an age to make battle
vith the climate in its ugly moods they
can alrea'dy say, as FaJstafJ djd to the
chief justice, and more truly V "For my
voice, I hare lost it with holloaing and
singing of anthems. "
Doubtless, too, mental composure has
roiicli to do with the quality of the voice.
The eagejr of both sexes will shout or
6cream. As the best conversers aro also
the best listeners, the quality of voice
which goes so far to make a good con -verser
is instinctively low and sympa
thetic. The English girl learns in in
any that she is to speak only when
spoken to; that she is to reflect before
speaking, and when she speaks i3 to say
as little as possible that will antagonize
her Jords and masters. The American
girl is accustomed from childhood to
speak pn everything; to exercise sjion
taneity, if not independence; and the
vices resulting from the abuse of the good
ideas herein involved aro loud voice,
harsh quality, and speech, followed by re
flection, perhaps, but rarely preceded by
it. American girls, as a rule, are poor
listeners. A dozen of them will speak all
together, and tho liighest pitch is often
reached in a competition to coerce atteu
vaon,
Aside from climatic influence, not
easily overoome, whose effects, however,
can be mitigated, the disagreeable quality
in American women's voices is due to
irrational throat gymnastics in childhood,
and to deficient mental composure in
maturity, Chicago Times.
A Bath in Wash in 3 ton.
Probably Washington is the only civil
ized place in the world where it comes
within the limits of etiquette to ask 3
visitor to take a bath: yet many a con
gressman crowns Jiis politeness to a con
stituent by offering him a ticket of ad
mittance to the marble pools in the base
ment of the Capitol. Of course, when
sn immersion would, for obvious reasons,
be of the most benefit, tho statesman
wisely refrains from r.n invitation par
taking too much of the suggestive. As
a rule, the curiosity of the visitor impels
him to tako advantage of an opportunity
to see the luxurious appointments that
keep our national jiolitics clean. New
York Press "Every Day Talk."
Inclosed Id Cocounnt Fiber.
Admiral Pallu de la Barrierre has had
pne of tho ships recently built by tho
French government inclosed in cocoanut
fiber, which he claims lias more power c f
resistance than steel. Chicago HeiakJ
UTILITY OF VOLCANOES.
Tie
rlvrrlr.rI Material AVliUh Titer
Throw O-.it i f n:u to the Soil.
Tho colid mr.tt.T thrown out by vol
canoes is tho mot important contribu
tion to th? materials which the sri Las at
its di-(os.'il for the nourishment of its
life and for the formation of strata. The
quantity of the pumiceoiis an i (im !y
pulverized material is enornioa-. . t'. :i
it falls ujioii the sea il either 11. a!
tune or at once sinks into the depi h .. i.i
either case it is, to a great extent, dis
solved in tlie ocean waters, ;iji. y con
tributes to the store of material-, v. hich
may lc appropriate! by the organic Lie
of the sea. When it falls on the land, it
is generally so incoherent that it is e;,-!iy
swept away by the rain.;, and so co.ne.s
quickly into the ocean. The important e.
of this contribution to marine scdiij.cnt-.
has been overlooked by geologist. , hut it
is easy to we that it may amount in m:i s
to something like as much as th" eaitjiy
matter which ia brought to the na ty
the rivers.
Th volcanoes cf the Java district al. r.c
within a century throws out a mas:, of
this fragmentary rock amounting proba
bly to not less than 100 cubic miles, uuil
perhaps to twice this quantity. Now, the
Alissisnippi river carries out in the form
of dissolved matter, mud and sand ulmut
one cubic mil j in twenty years, or five
cubic: miles in a century; thus thosu vol
canoes of the Java district have brought
up from ihe depth of the earth end coi
ttiiaited to the sea many times as much
detritus as has Utu conveyed to th"
ocean by the created river in North
America. Allowi--
jty of tho yolt.aii.o ti.:.l. it r.i.il r-..-ui. l:ul
unlikely that the ejections from a half
dozen great volcanoes of the East Indian
archipelago, in a period of a little in...e
than a century, from 1772 to lSS;;, l;.r
exceeded that brought into the ocean I y
all the rivers of North America in ta
same period.
Although the volcanoes of this di .trict
are by far the most powerful whk-U
known, wo still cannot fairly reckon ti.at
their ejections represent anywhere near
the half of the total quantity which came
to the earth's surface from such vents
during tho above named period of 111
years. For during this time some scores
of great craters were in eruption, includ
ing Skaptar, in Iceland, Vesuvius, Etna,
various volcanoes in South America jo.d
elsewhere. It seems, therefore, not un
likely that the solid material co.'Uiil.ub d
by volcanoes to the sea floor may, o"!i the
average, amount to as much as that taken
by tho rivers from tho html.
Among the eclid substances which are
ejected by volcanoes wo lind some of tho
most jndiopcnsaLlo elements of organic
life, including pnoFphorus, soda, otash
and other materials. The value of these
materials to vegetation may bo judged
by the fertility which so often character
izes the regions in the immediate vicimly
of volcanic cones which cast forth huge
amounts of ash. If the rainfall be tailii
cient this ash quickly decomposes into a
fertile soil, which tempts the husband
man to replant the fields as fast as they
aro ravaged by tho explosion "Were it
not for the constant return of these
rarer and precious materials to tlie su
perficial part of the earth by means of
volcanic action, it is likely that tin
earth's surface would want many of the
suLstancrs most necessary for organic
life. We thus cee that volcanoes play a
very important part in tho physical his
tory of our planet. The action is, in a
large degree, restorative. They help to
maintain the earth's surface in a condi
lion in which it mav nurture life. Cin
cinuati Commercial Gazette.
Picking I'p tlie Hare Coins.
"Do you know what a good manv
bank tellers and men who handle lar.c
amounts of gold and silver coins do :.t
the close of the day?" queried a former
clerk.
'Go home, probably."
"Yes, but not until they have looked
through their metal cash for rare coins."
"Do they ever lind any?"
'Cortaii.ly they do, oometimes, though
ret very often. It is a lottery. The fact
that some of the rarest of American coins
have been picked up in ordinary circula
tion keeps their eyes peeled. They know
values pretty well, and the sanguin--cherish
the hope of unearthing one of
the missing dollars of 1804, which arc
worth 200 each. In fact, as high ca
C:SC3 has been offered and refused. Thr
half dollar of 1832, representing Liberty
seated, is" in circulation. It is worth
$1.73. The quarter of 1S33, without
rays, is occasionally met. It brings '2.
Among silver dollars of recent coinpcce
tho 1839 dollar, representing Liberty
seated, is the most valuable. It is wo: lit
13. So is the same coin of 16GD. Boil;
are in circulation. Tlie twenty cent piece
of 187? is worth $1.30, anil of lb T'J
1 23. They are to be met, though
rarely. The valuable dimes and half
dimes were oil coined before 181C. 1',:n
silver three cent piece of 1873, with the
large star, brings sixty cents: the coppr-r
two cent piece of the same year is wort it
the same. The flying eagle cent of lt:3b
sells for CL All the gold coins coined
prior to 1803 command premiums. Chi
cago Tribune.
Paria Bllcc: Cleaniiiij System.
It ia scarcely probable that any other
city in tho world will have, at least for a
long period, a system of sewer cleaning
r.s el':!cicnt as that of Paris. Tho sewers
are nil constructed with that end in view,
workmen can carry on their labors with
out Etooping, and the bottom is so shaped
as to facilitate the work by the different
forms of water gates. In London a second
sewer or gallery is seirsi-i imes constructed
above the main conduir by "which a par
tial cleaning is effected, There is not the
slightest doubt that all cities will have
eventually to build their great intersect
ing sewers, at least, in such a manner
that workmen can pass through them and
clean them. No amount of Hushing will
ever suffice. Paris Cor. Sati Francisco
Chronicle.
Published Hit Own IJonk.
An author who has published his own
Look has netted nearly 20,000, w hereas
his royalties at the usual rates would
have yielded him at the outside $4,300.
Some books advertise themselves by an
attractive title, some by an ingenious sys
tem, some by the author's name, thocih
a good, interesting story always adver
tises itself through it-s readers, as a good
play always inspires those who see it ta
speak of it to others. New York Tinjcs.
FURNITURE
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