Firhi ' -TmIt (T S' i4" lfV- frt fv "rnwi ; i r,)l ' $?' . " Htnto lllMoric.nl HoolMjr Hot I .VI I JM'i ''Ml a fur day :rH t . lV ro id .r LINCOLN, NEBRASKA, SATU1IUAY, FEHRtTARY 17, 1804. VOL. 0, PRICE FIVE CENTS. 4 . r 15 - , 'Air. f l 'js j ?n ', .MM &.& $ SO 19. JfrH l 7 U IB ID HIS 1b a typo of tho "croaklngs" thnt ono hours on all Bides. "Prlcca of most things arc too low to lo attacked with a hopo of putting them lower, and tho Btato of general buBinosa in not yet such bb to favor buying tor a raise, It is to bo remembered that after tho breakdown of 187a several years elapsed before tho country fully recov orcd Its financial vigor, although tho proccBB was hastened by a succession of bad crops In Europe and of good ones here. The recovery now should bo at least Gqlmlly slow, and tho commence ment of u general speculation for a rise correspondingly tardy.'" Sight is lost of tho fact that this coun try has mado considerable headway dur ing tho past twenty years. Develop ments that were never thought pOBslblo, ovon in tho minds of the most imagina tive, have taken place, and, bb compared with 187:i, we are living in a world of wonders. Tho railroad mileage in that year was juBt 70,268, whereas, now it is 170,457. ,The output of hard coal in 1873 was 21,227,952 tons, whereas last year tho anthracite mines gave out 43,000,000 tonB. In 1873 mpst of the railroads, which aro now paying dividends of from 0 to 7 per cent, wore bankrupted. Lackawanna, Northwest, St. Paul. Preferred, Delaware & Hudson, New York Central and Lake Shore wore selling upon a basis that mado them look like tho "chromos''or the receivership properties of today. To havo predicted In 1873 that twenty years later any road could mako such a howlng as that submitted by tho Dela ware & Hudson, would have invited tho severest criticism. The fact remains, however, that the Delaware & Hudson Canal company, Delaware, Lackawanna & Western, Central of Now Jersey, Lake Shore, Pullman Palace Car company, Northwestern, and other representative .corporations during the depression of 1803 mado dividends on extraordinary capitalization of from 7, to 17 per cent. This country has wonderful recupera tive ability, and to pit tho present against those times of twenty years ago, is to mako an "odorous comparison.'' Tho boot that would havo fitted tho child of a generation ago, would not near tit its foot today; so with tho country. Conditions that prevailed then would amount to nothing now. Science, development, porsovorauco, pluck, and a bettor understanding of tho future will Burmount ovory obstacle. Wo build differently now than then. Wo travel faster, We annihilate space. Who, in 1873, would havo predicted that a man could eat his dinner in New York at 3 p. m. on Monday, Bay, and lunch at II a. m. tho following day in Chicago? Wo cross tho ocean in five days and a fow hours; we reach San Francisco by ordi nary travel from New York in even less time. Our methods of doing business havo improved. It is folly, almost mad ness, to argue that because "ufter tho breakdown in 1873 several years elapsed before tho country fully recovered its financial vigor, that rocovory now should be equally slow.'' One might Just us well say "because it took twelvo days then to cross tho ocean by fast steamers, it should take as long now,' But sensi ble people will think and act differently. The wealth per capita In 1873 wiis 810; it is now $20, and the population has in creased sinco then nearly 00 per cont. There is just ono more important con sideration; perhups tho most important of all. In 1873 the depression, which was widespread, loft all industries in a demoralized) prostrated, and, in no fow instances, a hopelessly bankrupted con dition. Tho panics of 1893 caused num erous suspensions, severe contraction (but not positive losses in valuations), and generally congested conditions. With tho removal of tho cause, convales cence is certain to follow; and, as little or nothing has been "wiped out," there is loft the foundation, and, in many cases, the full machinery with which to again roach tho position previously at tained. There is, under overy circum stance and consideration, very little with which to draw comparisons botwoon this period and that of 1873; but if compared tho contrast is in favor of the present. ljUBt year there were 301 business fail ures in Nebraska. Out of this number thirty-eight failures wore duo to tho in competency of tho principals; twelve wore tho result of inexperience, und.thir teen wore due to extravaganco and neg lect. Fraud figured in thirty-eight of these failures, which moans that tho principals wanted to fail. This leaves but 270 failures during tho past yourut- trlbutabloto legitimate causes. These flguroB were compiled by Mr. Taylor, riiannger of Brndstrcot's, Omaha, and they comprise tho first analysis of fall ureB that has over been mado covering an entire Btato. Tho record is consider ed a most gratifying ono, covering ns it doeB a period of business depression that has never been equalled in the history of Nebraska. In twenty-two of tho stateB and terri tories sixty-eight out of every 100 farm ers own tho farms they cultivate,, and Bovonty of every 100 of these farms are free from Incumbrance. Of the 30 per cont mortgaged tho avcrugo mortgage is for 35 per cont of tho value. Of tho total mortgages, 75 per cont represent deferred payments on money borrowed to mako improvements. Hut theso fig ures will never bo scon in a calamity puper, Duncan, Hollinger it Co., 837 P street, furnish tho following special market summary to Tiik Couuikk: Wheat Tho market during tho past week has shown what its possibilities are when over burdened with a largo stock. Tho holders becamo tired on Bee- ing'tho weeks go by without uny f tho long anticipated reduction of their load, and with a constantly sagging market. There have been thteo notoworthy lines of long wheat In tho Ghicagc market Armour, Canada and Now lork and last week the Canadiuus begun to sell out at an immense loss, and other hold ers followed Buit. The gonerul heavy snow completed tho demoralization, and on Tuesday the extraordinary price of 58Jjc. for May wheat was reached. Tho break was arrested and tho market turned by two things tho taking of about 2,000,000 bushels of wheat for ex port during tho decline and tho demand from shorts to cover their sales. An unexpected strength in cables on Wednesday helped tho reaction. Tho noxt day, however, all snap went out of tho foreign markets, und Chicago quickly lost Its improvement, and is weak and almost as low as over at present writing. It seems hopeless to expect better mar ketsjBBtil.w&haye a rapidly.dlminishing visible supply, either in progress or in immediate prospect. All supply and demand estimates showing that our sur pluB will all bo used up before end of crop year aro mistrusted. It must not be forgotten, howovor, that tho enor mous stocks aro tho causo of tho abnor mal prico and that tho disappearance of tho viRiblo would mean a revolution in values. It is a timo to watch.tho courso of supply and demand closely. Corn has a good unmoor of friends on tho belief that tho rocont very heavy re ceipts havo beon caused by low freights from tho west, and that corn washurricd in in anticipation of a riso in these rates on March 1. In tho meantime the snow has interrupted tho movement and it cannot be resumed for some timo. Provisions havo generully ruled weak. Wo think as both consumptive and speculative demunds are tamo that bulges will bo only temporary and that the genoral tendoncv will Im downward. FruuK M. Hlish, manuger of Dun's Mercantile agency, makes tho following business summary for Tiik Coukikk: "Trade continues to improve, but country orders aro small, though numer ous, and chiefly for immediate wants. Jobbers aro complaining very little just at this timo of their collections, and Hales aro pructicully up to expectations. There is a very gonoral rejoicing over tho improved crop conditions, and there aro many who confidently expect that April and May will develop a sovJ deal of activity. No change is noticed in monoy. Thoro havo been no failures of consequence, locally, sinco tho first of the your; but retail business continues quiet, this boing usual at this time of year,' Tho total tiro lossreof 1893 amounted to $150,000,000, ubout this samo as tho losses of 1891, but nearly 20 par cent greater than those of 1892. The number of fires of incendiary origin increaues with almost tho rapidity of tho growth to population of tho children of Israel dur ing tho Egyptian captivity, and ew methods of defrauding companies urn constantly being devised. Phil Daniels, local ticket agent of tho Missouri Pacific, reports thnt his receipts from tho sale of tickets in January were $900 larger than in January last your. Merchants generally uro looking for a more or less, marked opening up of busi ness, commencing tho first of March. E. II. A minis, of tho immigration de partment of tho H. & M., Bays: "Wo uro looking for a big influx of people Into Nebraska this year. In fact immi grants havo already commenced to ar rive. From the number of inquiries re ceived, we expect to locate more pooplo on Nebrankn farms this year than we havo for povoral jours past." Tho Lincoln Ilnngn and Furnace com pany filed articles with tho secretary of stato Wednesday. Tho lucororatuis aro W. M. Clark, J. II. Mockott, O. C. Clark, W. H. Clark and B. M. Mockott. Tho capital slock is $20,000. Thoamountot monoy paid in premiums io regular lite insurance companies in this Btato in 1892 was $1,302,711; to co operative llfo associations, $3,001,875; to uccidont companies, $101,291.51. Tho total amount of losses pakl by regular fife Insurance compunles wus 8271,012.31. Mr. ilubeoek, in charge of tho lusur anco department of the olllco of the utulitor of public accounts, says that tlio reports now coming in from tho insur ance companies show a irreut fulling off in all kinds of insurauce in 1893, A number of the llfo companies lapsed many thousand dollars in Nebraska more than thoy wrote, and the file companies have all hud heavy losses. About 10 porcentof tho world's visible wheat supply is in sight, and aliout 10 por cent of that is in Chicugo, or say alout half tho total 1893 receipts there, which amounted to 50,231,000 bushels. Tho visible of late has decreased, slower than usual. Millers have evidently de creased their output instead of increas ing it. Fanners tho world over continue showing no desire to discontinue send ing their wheat into second hands, or placing it where tho world's consumers (and their allied friends tho boars) can continuously see it, talk about it, and wonder what will again prevent cash wheat selling lower in Chicugo than last July, when it sold for 54a for cash. Then tho pooplo seemed to huo plenty of cush. Now bunking centers fn tlu United States seem to hold nearly 8200, 000,000 over legal requirements. Evi dently tho object lesson has destioyod mora credit and conildenco thun monoy. Franco has placed a sliding scale tax on impojtt$d grain bused on value. Their financiers claim that it cost about 10 or 20 francs to grow and harvest an aero of wheat, and that it will not now bring over 15 francs, or three-quarters what it cost. Crop prospects at this season have seldom been reported more flattering. England's reports predict a shortage in 1804 from tho 1893 acreage of .'120,000 acres, and a yield of 49,550,000 bushels, and ample supplies for tho present, and liberal offerings from Australia, Argen tine, India and Russia at pr.ces never before prevailing and below our offers. Tho three last shipped 50 por cent more sinco August 1 thun in previous year, and for early weeks of 1894 about soven ninthB us much as tho United States and Canadu. Tho Com Trade Sews says shipments continue less than re quirements, and total wheut and flour on pussngo to tho United Kingdom is ubout same as previous two years, and one-third more thun preceding three yours around January 1 each year. Tho Illinois report-cluims the stato has seeded but 1,824,427 acres, against 2,029' 000 in fall, 1892. California reports good rains and very promising prospects, with fully avorago stocks of old wheat loft over. Tho full acreage for the twenty four wintor states was reported to bo 21,079,300 acres, (there are seven states thut grow ubout as much winter as spring when not included us winter or spring' wheat states.) Six spring wheat state grow most of our export surplus of wheat. Tho averago condition of winter wheat December 1, 1893, was 91.5 on basis of usages; this indicates the yMd por ucro will bo 13-j bushels, and prodt.eo a winter wheat crop noxt h&rvsBt of about 285,000, 000 bushels, a? about ton millions more than harvested in, 1893, and about 75, 00,000 less thun ui lf02. Looking back iu? find tfcpjiurvcst Bel donnneusured out within hn por cont. nsgieu1! as December i-stliuuta; on this basis tho winter wheat crop may bo alwut 250,000,000 bushels, at 10 pr cent. JuBa than lust ucaibou. Thla t nll'mt tho rfootd thut is liublo to bo tvyulw in all whesttf countries, and over promotion at'f1, largo th& haauh6uU'v'acbtil tho high IYfc)( '""I l'P will Uiwly hi many small iuh wjzi 5?t wheut, or nwiiy starts for a big riso before ,w nm?ty occurs. Lastly, vnlucs tho world over uro at tho maximum point on record. Liquidation appeals again well-nigh completed in May whout. July futures are way bo low cost of production, and below cost of carrying" chnrges. OIrUiikiiIhIm'iI flueU. Professor George E. Howard, of Leland Stanford university; President Harper, of tho University of Chicago, and Presi dent Gates, of Iowa college, were among the guests of tho university this week. IT in fWrlHnn 9i9 Titv 1 1minlwti. 'fN a veil known play tho question Is TdiBci ssed, whether married men livo y long r than single men, and tho tils cusstot ends with thostatemont that mar ried in h livo tho longer. "Taint bo," says it n rustic of the play, "married men don't I vo long, it just seems long, that's all." t t,t So w th the various panaceas offered us for ho purification of municipal gov orumoi t in this country; thoy just seem offecfh o when looked at by tholr Invent ors; but turn to nearly as bitter fruit as that for which thoy aro substituted, when tasted. i 1 1 1 In truth, municipal government re flects, as in a somewhat crooked glass, the avffrugo public morality that faces It; sonnet lines a little caricatured, but a likonta that can bu recognized. ;i 1 1 1 The 'remedies proposed by Judgo Hall may tend to slightly amelinrnto existing conditions; but they seem tuba rather to scoich tho snuko thun to kill it. Italso your JMlanes and you incrcaso tho incen tive for tho party worker, and ho and his friends will double their efforts to gain tho more valued prize, t t t Hero wo recognize tho key-stono of tho whole arch of our present municipal evil that intense partisanship of na tional politics which intrudes itself into tho management of our entire local sys tem and palsies every effort mado to strengthen and improve it. t t t Invent mo some way by which this arrogant and insistent purtyism can bq eliminated from our municipal elections, and though I bo a tyro in tho principles of government, I will show you tho Htep to a comparatively pure administration of municipal affairs. w f f WffKrn all agreed upon the absurdity of selecting city ollicials because they be lieve this way or that way on tho Bilvor question, or the freo trado question, or tho annexation of Hawaii; but we aro not all prepared to stop over tho party traces when appealed to by tho "HosseB. t t t ' The average American citizens has an oyo open to tho possibility of somo Jay, being a candidate for some otllco within the gift of the people and, in that event, tho enmity of the "Hoss" in politics is to bo dreaded. Moreover, tho lower tho gndo of intelligence and tho narrower tho cultivation of tho man, the stronger is this clan-like projudice. Tho ultimato remedy then, lies in a gradual awaken ing of M)pular sentiment, which lies dormant but not dead, and this is best reached through a broador education and by an example of courago and inde pendence on tho part of those who should loud in public affairs. t t t I have never seen tho timo when the popular sentiment of a community like our own, if thoroughly aroused once, did not burst all tho bands of a servile party allegianco and tiBscrt its indopondonco, and I should lose my faith in a popular government did I not believe this would alwaj s ultimately occur. Tho tendency, though, is, when this sentiment is awakened, for it soon to exhaust itself and fall back in a torjior more profound than that from which it awakened, and spasmodic reforms havo littlo of value in them, except us they show the temper of tho community. t t t I tuko oxcoption to Judgo Hull's state ment that two separate bodies should not levy taxes in a city. It is too vaguo and either means too much or too littlo. t t t The state levies taxes in tho city and so docs tho county, but I think his ob jections are intended to apply solely to the school board. t t t Ho seems to mo to fall into tho com mon error of looking on tho school dls trlct ns properly a brunch of tho city government, ruther than ns having a dlBtinct entity of its own. Tho diffor enco between his idea and mine would appear to bo us wido as thut between the imperial idea of government and tho democratic. The ono is to combine everything into ono magnificent wholo controlled by a central and absolute Kwer. Hut demociacy suid: "let each community, the narrowest practicable, attend to its own affairs, tho school district to school district matters, tho town or city to town of city affairs, tho stato to thoso matters concerning tho citizens as a wholo, and, finally, the nation to tho regulating pt affairs bo twoon tho states,'' Tho tondonoy of tho empire has al ways been towards corruption) that of the 'democracy, toward a purer form of government, t t t The education of children has always been looked upon in this country, and happily, an a sacred trust lying at tho very root and basis of good government, and it has boon tho tondonoy to divorco Its administration, so far as oBfllblo, from tho basor activities of ordinary pol itics. t t t ' In conclusion, It ought not to bo necessary to say, but scorns to bo, that It is not us a niattor of course tho Ixaly that will manage tho school affairs, or municipal affairs cheapest, that should bo entrusted with them. There is Bomothlng besides cheapness to bo con sidered, Hkniiv E. Lkwih. I I (Written for Tub Couuikk.) Wasiiiwiton, D, C, Fob. 15. (Special Correspondence Tho power of tho ad ministration within tho democratic ranks seems to bo almost invincible, ut least so far as tho house Is concerned, Tho party differences aro many and var ied. Tho Wilson bill caused some bitter feeling on tho part of thoso whoso con stituents were directly affected, which added fo tho factional disturbances left over from tho Bilvor fight last summer has tended to produce anything but hurmony, undor tho surface. And now wo have tho McCroary resolutions con cerning Hawaii which cou Id only bo passed by tho aid of populist votes and tho divisions produced by tho Dland Bolgniorugo bill, Democrats in tho house are not in accord4with tho administra tion, but the fact is apparent that pure- fly administration measures usually com- niand a majority of tho votes, if it is .at the crack of the party whip. Where are tho'tatowriBn of tho dem ocratic party? Why do' thoy not evolve somo fiscal policy that haa something to recommend it besidea tho fact that it is opposed to all tho republicans havo dono for thirty years? ThovBhould know that tho only sure way to dofeat tho republican party is to adopt tho policy of tho republican party to a cor- tain extent that wbb what elected Ciovoland in 1892; witness his lottor of acceptanco on tho tariff. Tho courso of politics during tho first year of tho new administration is calcu lated to forco a largo number of iwoplo who havo tho welfare of tho wholo country at heart to vote tho republican ticket, who otherwise might havo been democrnts or mugwumps. Tlio republicans in the present con gross havo, comparatively, a very high order or statesmanship within their ranks; this is attested by the refusal of tho party loaders to filibuster or enter into tho factional disputes of the domi nant party, although it is thought tho Wilson bill 'could havo beon dofeatod had the republicans in tho house agreed to join a democratic faction in voting to recommit tho bill, whereupon, it was re ported, tho ways and moans committee would resign. Where can tho demo crats show a statesmanship broad enough to stop voting ugainst tlio moasures of tho opposite party? Tho republican support of tho Pock ham nomination in tho scnato is duo to u determination not to enter tho factional fight of the democrats and also to tho fooling that no good can como from building up tho Hill party, Charles J. QreonJ an Omaha lawyer, was in the city this week telling his friends that Nebraska will send a Bolid republican delegation to congress next timo. Ho says Hrynn cannot be re elected, Senator Voorhees hue been mude the turgot for u good deal of ridicule be cause of a speech in the senate lust week. On Thursday he addressed tho Benato to tho effect that "as yesterday was Ash Wednesday, tomorrow will bo Good Friday," und then moved that tho senate adjourn to tho following Monday. Tho senators wore so astonished thnt they adjourned ut once. In the somite there aro twche demo crnts opposed to the Wilson turiff bill--tho light promises to be a long and severe ono, but tho best opinion Is that tho bill will be passed with some modifications. Tho administration proposition to coin Is opposed to tho the seigniorage, Secretary Carlisle has B'Hikon. Coining tho seigniorage sounds Very well, like ull tho other cant phrases invontod to do eclvu tho public, such us tho unconstl tlonallty of tho tariff, robbor barons, plutocrats, etc., but It is nothing more nor less than coining something oiit of nothing, or as Mr, Miami wnnts certifi cates issued on the strength of tho solg nlorugo which Is a mere phantom, Mr. Carlisle asks where tho money would como from with which to rodoom the certificates and if thoy were not re deemable, no ono would want thorn. It Is oxplulnod that tho solgnlorago on al, tho silver in circulation, being tho differ once between its Intrinsic and its face valuo, is nothing but a debt of tho gov ernment pure and simple, rodoomabln In gold that Is what tho gold resorvo Is for. Why Increase it by tho issuo of more fiat money? Tho recont order of tho treasury de partment requiring tho Inspection by a government surgeon in caso of absence of tho dorks on account of sickness, bus had a wonderful effect on their health. No material change Is noted in the business situation some factories aro starting up hero and thoro, though fro quently,at reduced wugoB, and a slight tondonuy toward improvement is ap parent, Tho bank reserves in Now York show a decrease of $25,000,000, duo to tho government loan. In this connec tion it Is reported that tho plethora of money Is so groat that tho New York banks, which usually pay interest of ljtf and 2 por cent on country deiwslts, havq in many instances limited tho amount that would bo rocoived on deposit from any ono bank on which IntoreBt would bo paid. This shows that tho surplus monoy comes partly from tho interior. President and Mrs. Ciovoland. aro quito regular n their attondanco at tho First Presbyterian church, of which Dr. Sunderland is pastor. Dr. Sunderland was pastor of this church during the war times, and is ono of the oldest pastors in tho city. Mr. and Mrs. Cleve land havejtjww near tho pulpit la one of the central aisle. They umially com early. Immediately after tho benedic tion the attendants of the church, re main in their places until the president and his family havo loft tho church building. Their carriage is waiting at the door, and thoro is usually two guards to look out for cranks. Nixon. Thursday evoning at tho Lansing theatre, Chancellor Canflold of the University of Nebraska, conferred the following degrees: George E. Howard, orator of the evening, doctor of philisophy. Charles H. Gore, for ten years a mem ber of tho board of regents, master of arts, Rev. Joseph T. Duryea, Omaha, doctor of laws. William II. Harper, president of Chi cago university, doctor of laws. G. A. Gates, president of Iowa college, doctor of laws. W. F. Slocum, Jr., president of Colo rado college, doctor of laws. Charles O. Whitman, profossor in Chicago university, doctor of laws, II. W. Caldwoll. professor in tho Ne braska stato university, master of arts. Tho following members of tho faculty wore mado full professors: Laurence Foea ler, Germanic languages; I. II. Barbour, geology; F. M. Fling, European history; Lawrenco Hruner, entomology. One of tho features of tho ceremonies and festivities in connection with the university exercises Friday wus tho pro cession of tho wagons of tho Lincoln Coal company, which took' place nt 11 a. in. This company is engaged in put ting in coal ut tho university, und a solid procession of twelvo wagons, all gully decorated with scarlet and cream, the university colors. Tho cou! parade at tracted much attention. ' LINCOLN'S BHSE Bill TEIM. II. J. Ebright, commonly known as "Huck," has accepted the management of the Lincoln base ball club. Uo'al reudy has his team selected, and it will have the advantage of a month's practice In California before the league bcuboii opens. Tho Lincoln club will also play exhibition games prior to tlio commence ineiit of the season with Kunsas City Slouv City, Omaha and St. Joe. Miss Jcanotto Wilson left for Denser Tuesday, Mrs. Itosa Kunko is visiting friends in ! IVoriu. III. Mrs, R, H. Townley has returned from New York City. wr. J mv I'd to J in ?M s:l r!A m 1 4 A 3 V ".afj-M4JyiVJ, frvrmt'm-vm wwitmiwK-jrw .. immtm. MMe(4' -"-vVi -r '--' feaHAfitt I YiV-US