CHPITHL CITV COURIBR, 3 A CENTUItrS GROWTH PLENTY OF PRECEDENTS FOR THE ANNEXATION OF HAWAII. Unele Bam tlm Acquired n flood I)eil ol Foreign Territory Tho I'ttrcltMe of Lou isiana, Florida, Texas, California, Haw Mexico ami Alaska. 8cclftl Corrcpondenoe,j New Youk, Fob. 9. "WlmtoTor differ encca of opinion Micro may bo as to tho wisdom of taking tho Sandwich Islands undor Undo Sam's wing, thoro aro plenty of precedents for tho acquisition of for eign territory by tho United States and for tho government of extra territorial possessions. The area acquired by tho Unltod States sinco Great Britain ac knowledged tho independence of her ro Tolted colonios vastly exceeds that of tho 16 original states, and theso acquisitions havo boen mado in a variety of ways. Louisiana was purchased from France Ip 1603 for $15,000,000. It then included tho Mississippi river from sourco to mouth and n territory extending indefi nitely westward. It wus bollovud also to includo much of what uow constitutes tho stato of Texas. In 1810, however, by A treaty with Spain, provision was mado for tho purchaso of Florida and tho re linquishment of all claims to tho Texan territory. Tho prico paid for Florida was fi.OOO.OOO. Tho noxt imiwrtant acquisition was that of Texas, and this presents a noarer (mrnllcl to tho caso of tho Sandwich Is ands than any other territorial acquisi tion of tho United States. Tho south was nover content with that portion of tho Spanish treaty of 1810 which gavo up our claim of tho Toxan region as part of tho Louisiana purchaso, and tho talk of annexation never ceased. Tho fact that tho coveted region becaino part of a sis ter republic did not altar tho situation, and tho Mexican territory immediately west of Louisiana was rapidly settled by citizens of tho United States. In duo timo tho region rovolted from Mexico and set up for itself as tho Re public of Texas, with Sum Houston at president. This mado annexation moro than over a burning question, and when Texas finally asked to be udmitted into tho Union as a state her request was granted. This was lato in 1840. Tho war with Moxico followed, and as a ro Bult wo ncquircd Now Moxico ond Cali fornia. Shortly afterward wo paid Mox ico 10,000,000 for part of tho samo re gion known as tho Gadsden purchaso. California soon enmu in as a state, and tho rest of tho nowly ncquircd region was mado into territories. For nearly 20 years, after all this, tho United States acquired no new territory, but in 1807 Alaska, with 080,000 square miles, or about one-fifth tho area of tho United States as then existing, was ac quired from Russia. Tho prico was $7,-200,000-at tho time thought largo. Hut this, liko every other purchaso of terri tory by tho United States, has proved literally and figuratively dirt cheap, for already tho royalty paid to the govern ment for tho privilege of seal catching has equalod tho purchase prico. Alaska was taken in neither as a stuto nor a terri tory, but was governed from Washing ton and with no great difficulty. This purcluiM was tho first in which tho territory acquired was not immedi ately adjacent to somo part of tho pos sessions of tho United States. As a mat ter of fact, tlio greater part of Alaska is much farther from tho nearest point in tho United States territory than tho Sand wich Islands ore from tho extreme south western coast of California. Tho caso of tho Sandwich Islands is liko that of Texas in that tho request or admission may bo traced to tho pres ence in tho islands of Americans with important business and political inter ests. It is liko that of Alaska from tho fact that tho islands aro widely separated from American territory and have a nu tivo imputation different in raco and tra ditions from tho mass of Americans mul a considerable body of European aliens. Should tho islands bo denied admission as a state, or oven as a territory, and not governed as Alaska long was, as a pieco of government property, there is still precedent for another form of extra ter ritorial jurisdiction, though this form is hardly opphcablo to a populous region with an organized government. Accord ing to n federal law, guano islands dis covered by citizens of tho United States and not under tho jurisdiction of any other country may bo considered as ap pertaining to tho United States. Under this curious provision of law wo now excrciso jurisdiction over tho island of Navassa, a spot in tho ocean off tho coast of Hayti. The situation of Navassa is ono of tho anomalies of territorial jurisdiction. Tho island is named in tho constitution of Hayti as ii.rr of that republic, but its wholo pop.-ikuon is mado up of persons employed by a guano digging company chartered in tho United States under tho laws of Maryland. Hayti oxercises no jurisdiction over it, and when a mur der was committed on Navassa not many years ago tho accused were brought to this country after having been seized by officers and sailors of a United States man-of-war and tried in tho United States court at Baltimore. Tho United States government also exercises a sort of jurisdiction over the harbor of Pago Pngo in tho Samoan group, not very far from tho Sandwich Islands. Wo long ago acquired by treaty tho right to establish a coaling station at Pago Pago. Wo should havo acquired a few years ago a similar interest in the Ilaytian lmibor of St. Nicholas Mole but for the scruples of Admiral Gherardi. who was unwilling to seizo tho plate In military forco, though it was pnttv clear that tho stato department wouM havo been glad to havo him do so if lit would only act without awaiting dinit orders from Washington. Perhaps tho most tenuous, delicul and interesting extra territorial jurih.li. tlou exercised by tho United States that over tho Panama railroad. V stand pledged to tho Colombian repnl : And tho civilized world to maintain. I forco of arms if necessary, tho passago of trains across tho isthmus. Accord ingly, when Colon was burned by revo lutionists a few years ago and tho pas sage of tho isthmus was interrupted, our admiral lauded a few hundred bluo jack ets, took possession of tho town, reduced tho placo to order, ran an armored train across tho isthmus and maintained regu lar CQUimunications. Wo also fed the ragged and starving Colombian army and captured two of tho most conspicu ous revolutionists. When theso rebels were turned ovor to tho Colombian au thorities, tho latter Informed our naval officers that tho prisoners would 1h) tried next morning, and in tho samo breath naively invited tho Americans to the hanging in tho afternoon. Tho execu tions came olT in accordance with the terms of this invitation. Should tho Sandwich Islands coino in they will constitute our most southern, though not our most western, possession, Blnco somo of tho Alaskan territory ex tends somo degrees farther west. Tho Sandwich group is in nlmost exactly the samo latitude as Cuba and a little south of tho southern extremity of Florida. Half a dozen states aro smaller in area than the islands, and Nevada is smaller iu population. E. N. Vallaniwuiam. THE PRIVATE SECRETARY Lniunnt mid 1 1 ill ford I'liriiluli Kliltilujr l!s mil plm iif llln Importuned In rolltlm. Speclnl Corri'slMiinlunci'. Washington, Fob. 0. Colonel Daniel 8. Lament may bo secretary of war, and Elijah Halford is a paymaster and major ' in tho army, with tho iossibiHty of bo-' coming paymaster general. Such Is tho fate of privato secretaries to presidents ' of tho United States. Two of President I Lincoln's private roc r otarios, Messrs. Hay and Nicolay, have lived to write his Hfo iu many vol umes and at a handsomo profit. President G a r -field's privato sec rotary married ono of tho Gar field girls. Pri DANIEL B. LAMONT. vato Secretary T. B. Williams, tho young newspaper man ' or wo tako the old shapes ond put mod who sorved Governor Hill so faithfully I ern trimmings upon them. Tho effect may that tho lattor turned him over to Gov- bo striking, but nover artistic, though ernor Flower with tho highest possible . "mudunio" or "mademoiselle" will do recommondations, will bo in tho historic cluro It a triumph of art, a vorltublo lino of promotion should either of his ' dream of beauty, etc. chiofs recoivo higher honors nt tho hands Tho fact of it is that there is no real of tho Democratic party. Oddly enough, loader of fashion and no ono house that ho is a member of tho New York Reform iB nn authority, and tho variety which club, nn organization which Mr. Hill In tho search of novelty and something nearuiy uisukcs nnti ior winenuovemor Flower has no special affinity. ' When Colonel Lamont was still Mr. ' Cleveland's privato secretary, and before ' ho had become too busy nnd his time hod grown too valuable for freo soci'il ' enjoyment, ho was ono of tho best story tollers in America. In those days he used to sit of hot summer nights on a high balcony of tho Victoria hotel, over- looking Broadway nnd opening upon tho temporarily vacant apartments of Mr. Cloveland, and talk by tho hour with a favored few. In a low but well modu lated voice ho told stories of Samuel J. Tildon, whom ho had served and who had trusted him, and of stuto cumpaigut. 20 years ago. At such timos ho revealed an almost unsuspected humorous side of Tildon and told stories to illustrate the sudden lightningliko flashes of wit with which Tildon was accustomed now and then to lay bare tho inmost character of this or that public man. Gossip has gifted Mr. Cleveland with a great many private secretaries sinco Colonel Lament's growing iinportunco made it impossible that ho should bear that official relation to the ex-president and president elect. As a matter of fact, no one has fully and exactly taken Colo nel Laniont's place, and it is entirely possible that ho will always occupy -i personal relation to Mr. Cleveland such as no one else hus ever occupied. Mr. George F. Parker, who smiles when ho is spoken of as the future privato secre tary, lias long held a near and confiden tial relation to Mr. Cleveland. Mr. Par ker was nnd is a nowspapor man. Mr. Cloveland values him becauso Mr. Par ker knows how to hold his tonguo. Mr. Parker comes from tho west and h;is done newspaper work in town, where ho had the confidence of Democratic lend - Sy! 2 tan 't tS'tfS oFf i , si . it- .4 l ii that city. His important placo as audi- . , ;, i T-, . i i tor at tho national Democratic head- I'M" blU,uUuUMWal.v.Uuau.l,1UU1M- per men. Somo years ago ho delibtTutely quit work and took a trip to Europe, where ho absorbed a vast deal of useful Informa tion and broadened his views by correct big certain falso impressions shared by most men who havo seen but ono con tinent. Ho has found timo in tho midst of a busy Hfo to read u great many moro books of all borts than aro read by most men of more leisure. Ho has a record of CO novels in a singlo summer, nnd theso not to tho exclusion of more serious works. C. F. Van Sant. Jersey Cuttlo lit the Chicago I'll I r. Fifty Jersey cows already form tho nucleus of what is intended to bo the greatest show of cattle ever seen iu the country. They are sleek, well fed and decidedly good natured that is, if they can bo judged by their looks with large brown eyes, and a general air of intelli gence. Thoy havo been brought here thus early iu order that they may be como acclimated preparatory to tho opening of tho dairy test, and in which thoy will bo called upon to try conclu sions with Holsteins, Shorthorns, Guern seys and Devons. In tho herd now at Chicago tho states of Now York, Mass i chusetts, Vermont, Pennsylvania, New Jersoy, Missouri, Tennessee, Alabama Ohio, Iowa, Wisconsin, Minnesota aim Kentucky aro represented. Cards huv been issued announcing that tlm Mi Jerseys will be "at homo" on Satur...i, iu Februarj and March fiiii 1 to o'clock. COMPOSITE FASHIONS POPULAR MOOE9 ARE DECIDEDLY MIXED JUST NOW. Old Tiling Hare llrrnmo New, anil (lie Hlylet of (tin Hovntrentli Century Are l'ltrmlcri a letter liny Notoltlva Home Attractive- New (Imilii Doncrllicil. (Coi rlitlit, IHK1, by American Press Associa tion.) Tho closo observer must admit that just now there is no real fashion, and that there is a tendency to adopt any thing and everything that will produco an effect more or less startling, or at least novel. Tho tendency is in somo respects a vicious ono since it destroys artistic beauty and unity In favor of sensation. There is no ono form of outdoor gar ment that one can turn to and say, "This is tho fashion," and ono who tries to fol low all tho "novelties" as fast as they apiiear would need to havo -18 hours in each day, tho strength of a giant and tho ! purso of Fortunatus. I It is a curious ierlod in fashion. Ono day wo meet something copied more or less faithfully after fashions in vogue in tho 10th, 17th or early in tho 18th ecu- I tury, and the next wo find classical cos. I tunics and fillets that take us back a good deal further, and then wo will find a composite arrangement that embodies three or four distinct epochs in tho ex istence of tho world. I Iu one sense this is very unpleasant, for wo always look for something new, nnd in the other there Is a certain charm nbout it. Wo run across something that wo havo pictured as belonging to somo century long past, and wo look at it and smilo as at an old friend's faco iu a de crepit and forgotten old album. Wo forget tho incongruity iu tho pleasure of seeing tho long lost friend, and as wo would take the old friend from the al bum and put it in a now frame wo resurrect tho liking wo had for tho old stylo and wear it again, though it is not and never can bo mado a real part of a now stylo. Wo havo now tho stiff and feather duster effect of plumes set upright upon our bonnets as they had them in tho 17th century, and wo put great bows and snrawlimr llowers on modern hats. that may pleaso well enough to become a voguo has been drugged from beneath tho dust of age. If tho new hats and garments were not mado of new btuff, tho present modes would bo veritablo ragbags. But, sinco everybody has a chanco to ' display her own taste good or bad, wo will not complain any moro this timo, but talk about tho handsomest of tho ' resurrections and of tho revival of long dead fashions that aro in thocoursoof being dragged up tho long vista of timo. NEW WAI.KINO CIOWNS. Tho hell skirts, which suggest and, many say, foreshadow hoops, aro seen very often now on tho finest gowns. They are faced with horsehair, crinolino or wigan, and many of them havo ropes ?;,' "'"" m,u "'" u""w i,WXI i , 1 "" " "ffl"f .f lIk' 0no1 b.cnu" ul ! T tb-"-nced. Thogown , was of moss green armuro Mlk uud con- . , i ., i.. m i.t ' I per colored velvet. I ho skirt was a very n-.,,. i,,n .,., i u . ... i .1 i 1....1.1.. 1 1.1.1.1 !.. .1 .!.... nrniltlil tl,n hr.r-.Ur tl.nrn u-nu a puffed reversed plaiting only ono inch wide of black satin, Tho front of tho waist was covered with black chenillo embroidery and jet beads, and tho same ornamented tho slcoves. Tho upper part of tho waist nnd sleeves was of tho velvet. Tho back had double comet plaits. Miss Martin has a friend who always gets a new gown at tho samo timo sho does, and they muko admirable foils to each other. Tho friend had a gown finished and sent homo tho samo day whereof tho skirt was of old roso cloth and emerald greon as to bodice. Tho skirt was scalloped and bound with vel vet, and tho corsage was also scalloped, which gavo it a beautiful contrasting effect. Wisely, a white satin collar keeps tho vivid gj u from touching tho neck, es it would make the fairest skin look yellow. The bodico fastens under the arms with tho blessed now hooks and eyes, which stay hooked Instead of com ing unfastened every timo ono takes n breath. A cunning Httlo turban of brown velvet with black plumes is worn with this, and of courso a light wrap if tho weather is chilly. For chilly days thoro was a lovely redingote with surplice bands of velvet nnd adjustable capo shown yesterday. It was made of Quaker drab cloth, dead fino, nnd fitted tho figure closely. There was a capo gathered on to a braided yoke, and down the front tho stole of brown velvet, which wasattached to the collar. This is adjustable, the long ends being simply hooked to the collar. The :apo is also reiuovablo and can be worn with or without tho velvet stole. The prico of this was Oft, not high when ono considers that tho whole Is of exquisite maku and quality and lined throughout with silk. Almost every garment except such as nro to bo washed is lined with silk now, and they are lighter and havo n much leananter feei ng than if lined with any other goods. Silk un derskirts, how ever, are not quite so chlo as formerly, though many prefer them, as thoy shed dust so much better than any other goods. For that same reason most of this season's trav eling dresses and wraps will be of plnhond cheeked or lino striped silk, only for very warm weather, naturally. I no- ui:rui. and puictty tico that very ci.oak. many ladles have had a number of cozy house gowns made of glace nnd pongee silks iu pretty, bright colors for homo wear and iu inexpensive qualities. Black pongee anil china silks make up beauti ful little frocks of this sort, usually fully as simple us if not more so than tho new cottons and ginghams. They are dell ciously cool for summer and are more dressy, even tho cheapest of them, than any cotton goods can possibly be, and there is something pleasing to the ear iu the delicate swish of the silk. Among the novelties in silk goods this season aro the Brusn silks and gauzes. Theso have been long out of the market, as something was the matter with the silkworms iu that country. There is no silk so durable and thoroughly valuable for hard usage as theso Turkish silks, for the manufacturers havo not learned how to adulterate tho silk yet, and besides the value of them there is a peculiar charm in tho very imperfections, for there is a roughness and uuevenuess that detract from tho luster, but add to tho wearing quality. IlENiuirrri: Kuukskau. New York. THE TECHNIQUE OF DRESSING. Why Grrnl C'nro Should Ho IIiIijcm1 In (ho Keleetlnn of Apparel. A certain family sulmlstlng upon pul lic bounty used to practice in tho do mestic circle what might bo called com munism improved. At night every mem ber of the household throw his wearing apparel upon a common heap. In tho morning tho first ono astir selected therefrom what was most to his taste. The lato risers took the sediment. Theso saniu lato risers furnish us an example. To bo sure, wo aro nono of us quite so indifferent to appearances aa they. Still the women who pop Into a milliner's or dry goods shop and pop out again with the first thing tho salesman tells them is becoming aro following rather closely in their footsteps. Every woman should remember first, that an nrticlo of wearing apparel ab sorbs in timo tho personality of its wear er, as when wo see tho hats and wraps of our friends iu a neighbor's cloakroom they are at ouco filled out in our imagina tion with the owners' actual figures, and wo do not have to go down to tho scene of tho festivities to seo Mrs. Jones or Miss Smith. This is an iudlsputablo fact; iu a short time your hat and coat will look liko you. Therefore got a hat and coat that will do you credit. Then the period when new clothes are adjusting themselves to our personalties I must not bo forgotten. I his is a serious I matter. Certain articles tnku to us more , easily than others. If we want a bonnet that will readily become our own special head covering and not stay merely a li.it for an obdurate pi nod, we must consider I well before tho milliner's minor which chapcaux look as if they might become a part of us and which do not. It is not a question alouo of what is handsome or stylish, but of what is adapted to tho re quirements of our individual egos. Tho limit of most people's judgment iu this respect is whether a thing is too youthful or too old for them, whereas there is an alphabet of nice distinctions hero that has to bo studied as mrefully, If ono hopes to dress successfully, as do tho A B C's lx'fore ono reads Carl) le. Culture, environment, habits and even disposition must bo taken into account. A coquette may wear gowns that would bo absurd on u student. Roguish bows can never become a part of the prim, i whilo vivacity in demure settings is fas cination itself. Tho science of dressing is a simplo one after tho elementary rules have been ac quired. Think who you nro and what I j on are, as well as where you want to 1 wear it, before buying a now article for tho toilet. It is iiuH)sslblo to imagine Queen Elizabeth or Martha Washington, . oven at 10, iu a natty sailor. i Hutu Hall. How to Muko n Tvimpoon Ce. Tako a strip of brown linen or ticking 30 by 10 inches; bind with braid; lino with tlauuel or chamois. Turn tho edges over nnd fasten with herrliiKlono stitch, allowing two inches fur each spoon. On tho riiuudid tlaj), which should ho dou ble, outline two spoons in contrasting phaden of Mlk (silver and jjold). Initials may he etched tin the outside. Tho Inventor of tho suwoi.'s eyeless iici'illc wiih u unman, Mr. Uln (Suiliurd, who ln Mivi'iitcd tho iiiUMcal top -- r -t-..V Sanitary 1308 $50,000.00 TO LOAN At six per cent, per annum and a cash commission or at cifht per cent, no commission, for periods of three or live years on well located improved real es tate in Lincoln or Lancaster count)'. INTKUKST ALLOWKI) ON SAVINGS DKPOSITS DKPOSITONS IAVK AIISOL.UTK SKCUKITY. Union Industrial SavingsBank JSUJVBNTII AND Kl StUEM'S. Capital Stock, $250,000. Liability of Stockholders, $500,000 INTIiRKST PAID ON DEPOSITS, Wm. Stull, Pres. J. E. Hill, Vice-Prei, Louis Stull, Cashier, Directors. D E Thompson, C E Montgomery, Geo H. Hastings, 11 II Shabcrg, W II McCrccry, J C Allen, T E Snn. ders, J E Hill, Wm Stull, Louis Stull, Geo A Mohrcnstccher. ttrtttxttJfxjsltjAt vlvl hjtir J Tkl. 2M- lnwnn-OoBTRn . . gvuinc, tpivctv VfliTlcn viMirn of iiotlvo work with tho Mnnlcnl Union OrcliPtrn, oronmliu, ii IHicchir, ilurltiK which timo tlm iiIhivo Ori'lii-ntm fur n'Mn il iiiiihIi' for nil th prominent 1'VontM, roclcully, thcutrlcnlly, etc., I hiivi-Iik-iiIi'iI In I.I lii tocntfiiKu iktmoiiiiIIv In mi neMni IiiimIiivi, fii'lini? rntillilinit Unit I inn flirnlHll tliO littt of IllUflc lit llll lllld III) 10 tliiii"". I'nr It-rum mul Infiiriniillnn, call nt nlllro of CAI'IfAI. Cry JL .1 lot'lilMi, ii.ii Mrrul, or cull ii OjW $vv$wv ;jk ;$-7$nj wi$rt$rm i$i $ , v;;rniT Sewing Machine and Gun Repairing We have just employed a skillful workman from the East, who Is fully competent to make all repairs in the above lines T. J. THORP & CO., 2:0 South Eleventh ttrect. 1 -IF 3 'HhilM Lincoln, Neb An Old School in a New Location Ninth Year. 25 Departments. 30 Teachers lUniitiful, hcnlthv loc.itloT, in.iniiilncnt bulldliiKN fine equipments kiipcrior accom inflations tionjj I111 ult v, rompriluiikivi- lurilculiun, thorough vvcik, hljjli moral and 1 In it-tt.iit Inthiimi'N an.) low ixp ntu make thin The SCHOOL FOR THE MASSES A pracili-alkiiliiiatlon without mullc wntc of tine c r moncv U furnUhcd In tin. We-tcin Normal Co'lege You can Enter any Time and Choose Tour Studies 'I hit. great i-cl ool U hunted in Hawthorne, three mlh southwekt of the pot oilice an 1 will he lonneited b eleitlie Mrect ear line. YOl'U I'AR I'ARICI'AID. Iniukr lli.il nil in 11 .1 ti mil Mitim ml. mil inn In il.it nl I...II.II..... l i .. .' " ' h - ".' I'liiuimiis equipments lacuuv.etc, we will p.iv voui ear l.ue from vuur home to Lincoln provided vou are pretent oil the opening iluv of the fall teim, Sept. ityi. Wiitc for p.utliulari..' Si-nil niiiiifiiiiiliiililroM-tt of '.'.' .ninik.' juoph- nnd we will kpiiiI oil choice of lino !' neh rtilir. UiermniiH'tiTor venr'k kiilirrlinlon in our lllu-iriilnl eiluciitlonn nioiitlilv cvtV l.Kil'i:s A Mi l' UK U1.AUN 1 Hi:i.. Aililrikk N M. .VI. ('IUA Vi"".or ' WESTERN NORMAL COLLEGE, Lincoln, Neb. ' "&,$ TmiMlrcr - Heater. the Howe Ventilator. Hint unit only l'urii Air llrnlrr MmJo "Splendid" Oil Heaters. Steel Ranges. Furnaces Kitchen Utensils H. J. HULL & BRO. O STReST. Savings Bank, 1 1 1 South Tenth Street. ihjit.3itjfa - xlt - tit. ritjrttjrifjiitsitjtf music rem OONOIRTI tllCEPTIONt DANCES, ITO t it'iiin"no -. p mmmmim