Capital city courier. (Lincoln, Neb.) 1885-1893, October 12, 1889, Page 6, Image 6
i'Vyrig'y''wi'''"''i"'TiiwiM'''.M'iww w sj - -t T .T. - . .-J . t .. . V m"iUMwwpfi"i-iwma"j'wi,wi,iw..jii.i. "'eyryanr7mT:iWlfWKirWKIIM'i "''""' 'jmam'"" iiiiumag "" Mii .v SSB tffiy$f,&Qw F.ut! MiMMMMMMMaiMMiatMawiyiilailiiiiiwiwa . X.,'14 CAPITAL CITY COUklKR, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 3tMllNiKtfKittais1l3S rw r.r,r,rvv$7 t t " $iiwiyiwi ' jwwwyiw' wwy 'fiwsJrpw WHy1 12, 1889 FAST MAIL RODTE ! HyLf3BHHP"Yr -DAILY TRAINS 9 -TO- AtcliUou, I cavcnworth, St. Jocpli,Knna City, St. LouU and nil I'olnta youth, Cast mid West. The direct line to Ft. Scott, Parson Wlcliltn, Hutchinson nnil nil pilnclpnl point In Kana. The only road to the Great Hot Springs o( Arkansas. Pullman Sleeper nnd Free Reclining Chair Car on nil trains. H. 6. HAMMA, R, P. R, MILLAR, City Ticket Agt. Uen'l Agent. Cor. O and lath Street. PRINCIPAL POINTS EAST, WEST, NORTH and SOUTH 1044 O STREET. WILWAUKEk 'gtHUl Owas anil onerale RJfiflO miles of thoroughly oulppM road In IlllnotvWisconsIn, Iowa, Missouri, Minnesota ami Dakota. It li the llMt Direct ttoute .between all the Prtuclpal Point tn the Northwest, Soulhwcttt and Far West. ,. - For mani, time tablet, rata of passage and freight, etc.. apply to nearest station agent ot OHIOAQO, MfiWAUKKX A 8T. VAVV IUIL way, or to any Railroad Agent anywhere la the world. R. MILLER, A. V. 11. CARPENTER, General MVr. Gen'l Taw. ATkt Agt, F.TUOKElf. GEO. II. UBAKKORD, IssVOen' Mrt. Asst.Q.I'.AT.Agt. Milwaukee, Wisconsin. gtt'VoT Information In reference to Land and Town owned by the Chicago, Milwau kee A 8U Paul llallwuy Company.wrte to U. O. Hauoam .Land Comiullouer,Mlll waakeo Wlsoontln. Fremont, Elkhorn & Mo. Valley Tl,TT uEVDjELID. tSTOperatc and con trols It own service between LlKCOLN, NEB., and OMAHA, CHICAGO, MILWAUKEE, SIOUX CITY MINNEAPOLIS and ST. PAUL. If" Through Ticket and Baggage Checked to H potato In United States and Canada. Vest tmlo-Sleeper, Palatial Dining Cant and UbIoq Depot. city ticket office : IIS South 10th street, - - Lincoln QEO. N. FORESMAN, Agent. O. H. Bear, J, K. UrcHAiux. General M'ger. Oen'l Pass. Ag't OMAHA, NEB. 2- hHDh SOUTH AMKUICAN TRADE. WHAT THE DELEGATES TO THE GREAT CONFERENCE THINK, Tim Hpnnldi-.lmerlcaii Countries Am De veloping Fiwt, litit Their Trade Ones In Knmpn .ICnglUli, French, Oernmn and Dnlrh InrrMmmt Tlirrr. Hoclal Hortvspomlenoe.) Wabihmiton, Oct. 10. Ah I mingled liutt week with tint delegate from South ntul Cent ml Amorlca who word in tliln city attending tho Aincrlcnu congreiw, heard tliom tnlk of their counlrlcH nutl Industrie, nnl noted tlmt nlinont with. out exception they wuro men of miporfor otlucntlon nud nttnlnmoutH, tho Iohsou win brought homo to 1110, nu I tlnro nay It wnto nmny other, tlmt It Is tho height of conceit for tin to cnll ourmlvcn, as wo do, "tho Americans." There nro other great countries and jwojiIoh on tlilri con tinent. Wo nro not tho on v AmerlcuiiH. Tho United SlntoH lias letis than ono- half tho population of tho wchUtii IiciiiIh iihoro, and hy no ii'onua nil of tho cul ture, prngretw, literature, art and ma terial reuonrren. Wo do well to cultlvato thonciualntauco of our neighbors to tho Botitli, who nro Just now blossoming and hloomlng both iiidtiHlrlally and nollti- cally. Tho delegate from these Houthern countries nro now Booing what wo some what narrowly term America. They nro visiting our cities and towns, our manu facturing establishment! and our farms. Doubtless thoy will boo much and bo greatly Interested, but with roiiio curi osity concerning tho commorco nnd In dustries or their own countries I made inquiry of 0110 of tho most Intelligent of tho delegates from South America, ono who has traveled from Patagonia to Ilrltlsli America. Thin Is n groat country, n great coun try," said he, "but wo have Homo great countries, too. You pooplo do not know uhj wo do not know you. It Is not so ensy to get from our country to yours. Wo go often to Paris, to London, oven to Ucrllu, but raroly to Now York or New Orleans, which nro much nearer. Just now the English appear to bo closer to ua than nny other peoplo. Thoy aro Investing in our railways, our mines, our stock farms, our steamships, our factories. Thoy pour out money llko water for nil our securities, corporation an wen as governmental, nicro is ap parently no limit to tho confidence thoy havo In our future, as thcro neoniB to bo no bottom to their puree. Will thoy looo on Bomo of their Investments? Ah, Blr (and tho delegate twisted his black mustache nnd shrugged his shoulders), no ono can toll that. Somo havo already lost; others aro likely to loso. But, no matter. Is It not bo in nil ventures? And if tho English nnd French loso somo monoy In our enterprises, do they not got nil of ourtrado? "Wo think you pooplo of tho United Statea slow and unenterprising, because, you do not como down nnd Invest with us and trado with us as do tho English nnd French. For Instance, I was talk ing not long ago with your consul at Maracalbo, Venezuela. For a long time ho endeavored to )onmado capitalists of tho United States to Invest in n proposed rallwny from Maracalbo to Morlda, trav erslng tho rich coffee regions of tho Cor- Ulllora. uut his suggestions boro no fruit, oxcept in Paris, where n company waa organised to build tho railway. Tho Venezuelan government guaruntcod 7 por cent. Interest on tho capital and grunted other extraordinary privileges. Thd company has inado n very nice thing of It, and you Americans might just as well havo had tho prollt, for It is an actual fact that it wiw tho suggestion of your excellent consul, translated Into French and republished in Paris, which led thoFronchmon Into tholr highly suc cessful venture. "By tho way," continued this delegate, "Venezuela Is n very Interesting nnd prosperous country, as no doubt Dr. Francisco Antouls Sllva, tho dolegato, would Imj glad to toll you If ho could speak English. Thcro Is ono district of Venezuela In which tho breeding of goats Is tho chief industry. In another district nearly all of tho Inhabitants find employment In gathering tho beans of tho dividivi troo, which aro crushed and distilled for tho largo quantities of tan nin which thoy contain. In still another district many of tho peoplo cam a liveli hood gathering gums, balsams and or chids from tho forests. Petroloum, as phalt, gold and silver aro Borne of tho treasures to bo found in tho earth in that country, and tho forests contain vast quantities of mahogany. "American engineers stand high in tho estimation of tho people of South America. Slnco Meigs constructed those wonderful railways in Peru our pooplo havo thought nothing too dlflloult for tho genius of tho United States engineer to overcome In San Salvador, a little ropublio of which I dare say you havo beard but llttlo in this country, an Amer ican engineer, Mr. Brannan, is doing somo remaikablo work in railway build ing. American engineers aro employed on many works in Chill, Peru and tho Argentino Ropublio, and an American company is building a railway In Hon duras. Probably it will not bo a dozen years before railway communication will bo established direct from New York nnd Chicago, via tho city of Mexi co, with all tho central and South Amer ican capitals. A new era has dawned in our life, and it is tho era of rapid prog ress. Wo also havo much confidence in tho completion of tho Nicaragua canal, now that an American company has earnestly taken hold of that great pro ject. "It is my belief that this congress, and the visit wo are to mako to your manufacturing centers, will greatly stimulate commerce between tho United Statea mid our southern countries, oven If nothing more tunglblo than n mora in tlmato acquaintanceship cornea from It. I tun sure If Americans know tho oppof tunltiea.fdV money making that nro open to them, in South America especially, thoy would bo more swift in taking ad vantage of them. Wo havo rico fields in which tho grain is threshed out in mor tars with stono pestles, simply because tho pcopfu have Hot tho money with which to buy hulling machinery. Much of our wheat mid otlor small grain li harvested with prlmltlro appliances, bo causo wo havo no machines nl hand to do tho work with. Thcro aro mlnci which promlso rich returns. "Already tho peoplo of tho Argentino iwjpiiiiiio owo a dent or cfnt tifdo to von Aniorlctins. It wns from your country that the Unit advances wero nindo toward Improving the breeds of sheep nnd horsej down thorn. Tho pioneer In that bust nous was n Mr. Ik'ls, of Vermont, whosd morinocs havo already irroatlv Imtimml tho quality of tho wool on ninny big farms. A man from Michigan, Mr. Sum ner, arrived In tho Argcjitiuu not long ago with a herd of magnlllcent Hereford cattle. Your horsemen may bo Interested In knowing that tho Argentinians nro In fatuated with American trotting horses, which (hid n ready market there. Fabu lous pi Ices aro paid Tor somo animals by gentlemen of Buenos Ayics, but I am sorry to nay that when last In that city 1 wiih told a number of gentlemen Imd been shamefully Inqiosed on by Yankee norao trailers, nio animals sold them hnd long nnd brilliant pcdlgtees, traced back to distinguished thoroughbreds, but when put in races ngninst Argentinu half breeds they failed to get n placo. As you may easily Imaglno, Buenos Ayres is not now a promising market for American trotters, Tho Argentine gentlemen who havo paid from $3,000 to 810,000 por ani mal for tho ref tiso of Now York auction stables aro now pretty careful what they buy. "A singular fact with referenco to the leccnt groat lioom In building, rnllways and manufactures In tho Argentine Bo publlo is that practically all of tho lum ber nnd timber used thoro has been brought from tho United States. While there 1 ro largo forests of soft woods In tho country, thoy aro bo remote from the rivers and tho coast that it has lieen round cheaper to Import from North American jwrts. Buenos Ayres hns a splendid harbor, which is constantly crowded with shipping from all parts of thu world. I say all parts. Perhaps I had better oxcept tho United States, Though n largo number of Balling vessels from American ports nrrlvo nt Buenos Ayres each year, but a small number of thorn fly tho flag of tho United States. Among hundreds of stenmors in that port I havo ngain and again looked In vain for tho flag of your country. While tho trado of the Argentino Itcpubllo with 1110 united mates is growing rapidly, I bollovo thcro aro not mora than ono hun dred Americans in tho wholo ropublio. There nro thousands of Englishmen, Frenchmen nnd Italians. "Every time I sit down to dinner hero nnd drink n cup of coffee 1 think of the fact that you aio tho greatest coffoo con suming country In tho world, whllo tho Central and South American countries represented in this congress nro tho cof feo growers for tho wholo universe. Therefore If wo should 'over the colleo' reach n better understanding of our re ciprocal trado relations, it would bo most fitting. I am told that tho peoplo of tho United Stntes coustimo more coiTco each year than Germany, Great Britain, Aus tria and Franco combined. Four-fifths of your requirements nro produced in Brazil and Venezuela, and nearly ull of tho remaining fifth In Guatemala, Mex ico, San Salvador, Columbia, Costa Iticn nnd Haytl. Brazil alnno supplies one hnlf of what is regarded as tho averago annual coffi-o crop of tho world. I lie llovo American enterprise and American machinery nro needed in this Industry. Why, tho best Brazilian plantations de pend almost entirely upon tho hoc. They ubo tho plow very llttlo. The coffeo farmers know llttlo or nothing about conserving tho soil. It is never en riched, and tho art of rotation in crops, so commonly practiced by your farmers, is almost unknown to ours. 'Coffeo is, In many sections, tho only crop, and when disaster comes to that, as It does Botuethnca como, both planter and mer chant find themselves on thovorgo of ruin. "During a winter's resldonco in Cuba I became somawhnt familiar with tho coffeo industry thoro. It Is a wonder to mo that a greater number of Americans do not engage, in that business. "All over South and Central America thcro nro fine opportunities for your capi tal nnd your men of ability and energy. Tnko, for Instance, tho Argentino Re public. American trado with that coun try is confined chiefly to lumber and petroleum, though something is being dono in agricultural implements and machinery. American pianos, cook stoves, boor and, salt and canned fish are also finding n market thcro. But in the wholo of tho Argentine Republic there it not ono dlstinctivo American Importing house. A number of wealthy firms handle American goods, but thoy aro either Eng lish or German houses, which do busi ness with tho United States simply bc causo It pays them to do so. Consul Baker, of Buenos Ayres, told mo last fall that of nioro than a million dollars' worth of choeso imported by tho Argentinians last year just a thousand dollars' worth came from tho United States. Your country sends great quantities of cheese to Europe, and Europo sends cheese to South America. So with hams. You export hams by tho nhlpload. but you do not oxport to us. "Of 210 tons of hams shipped to Buonos Ayres last year only thirteen tonscamodlrect from tho United States, though nearly all of tho Imported luuns wero grown and cured In your country and exported to England, of whom our peoplo purchased. "You ask me how American trndo in Central nnd South America can bo best promoted. My reply is. by the establish incntof regular lines of steamers between your ports und ours, giving certain and rapid communication, That is tho first step to bo taken, nnd it must bo taken by thu peoplo of the United Stntes. It is easier for us to cross tho Atlantlo to Lon don or Paris than to cdtao to New York or Now Orleans. Tho Europeans have sought us out with their steamships, and tholr commercial agents, Englishmen, Frdnchmen, Germans nnd Dutchmen are prominent in tho commerce and finances of many of pur countries. It is not yet too lato for tho American, if ho will only bestir himself." Walter Weixuan. A Bndilen Rise. Englishman Men rlno suddenly In thti country I have been told, especially out wast American Thoy do that, you bet. EnglUhman Somo got to tho top of tru irco. Amorlean Yos, ulroo, 1 knew n man who got to tho top of tho tree out thero no quick thnt bo hnd hardly tlmo to say n prnvon lli suyi tlmre, too, until thoy cut him down nnd burled him. Groat country this, sir. UoKton Courier No nnviMo. Dig Dnrk NlRgah, you's 'r fool Llttlo Dark Do yo' cnll mo 'r foolf Dig Dark Dat's what 'r sod I Llttlo Dnrk Yo'dol Dig Dnrk Iso call oiiny nlggnh r fool what neks likes yo' do. Llttlo Dnrk Huh I Don yo' cnll nnynlggah Vfooll Don I enn't conidah dnt pussonol Good day, Exchange Long nn l'nrk. Tho oiItloii of a lirokor or commission morchnnt Is not always an onvinblo ono, os poclnlly w hon tho principal or customer Is on tho losing sldo of tho ninrkot. At such times tho broker Is frcmiontlr nnnonled to for ml. vlco, nnd woo to him should following ovonts provo his ndvlco to havo boon wrong. Sitting in tho otllco of John Poncock, nt tho Chamber of Commrrco, tho other dny, discussing tho probnhlllty of doubling a I0 hill that had unexpectedly fnllen into my posMwslon, I wns nttrncted by tho restless nppenranco of n man who runhod up to Mr. V. and oxolalmccli "81io'h dow n twonty-llvo conta moro, Johnl I IVhnt. hnil ten Iim ,1a I" I I learned Inter that tho stranger had nougni ww barrels or pork somo tlmo boforo for Scptonitwr dollvorynt 112.75 a bnrrol. aim mo inarKei nan steadily declined to fU.tsu. Sir. r. said ho hardly know what to do. "Well, Is tho market llkoly to go much lower f" "I'm suro 1 may not." cannot toll It may and It "Well, how tow hnvo you ever known pork to gor "Oh, 1 don't bolow $0." remember over .seeing It go "I would llko to know If tho blamed thing Is going bolow that now Just bocauso 1 am long of It." "I'll tell you how you can flguro on that nnd bo pretty safo," said John. "You can always count on selling tho barrels for l aploco nnd tho salt will bring twenty-flvo cents. 80 It will hnrdly got below $1.23 por bnrrol." Tho stranger did somo rapid figuring and left with a weary, heated look. Minneapolis Tribune. An Autumn Night. Night bring with tier a brooding chill. As hastening o'er the eastern hill Bho softly comw to uliaxo mm ny Tho tlrcHonui tumult of thu liny To sleep you slnk-oli. bllwful rest. Of all our earthly pleasures bmt! When Earth, Ith nablo curtain drawn. Admits gray bearded, halting Dawn, Tl then thnt from your bed you rim And stand and shiver In surprise To tlnd that by hoiiio means unknown The atmosphere has colder grown. You strike a nickering, blinding light. Then seek tho closet-useless qulto; Tho mattroM then you raise on high And drop agnln, with weary sigh You hurrr throiuh tho housn. imt -nm Back to your chamber, cold and glum, You don your clothes against your will Compelled by the Increasing chill Tho question still returns, unbld, Where are those extra corera hldf Exchange. Tooth-mullet Lady I do not like this sot of tooth nt nil You told mo thoy would bo qulto llko natural tooth. Dentist Well, what lo tho mnttcr with them, madam! Lady They hurt mo w when 1 eat. Dentist Juit so, ma'am. Exactly like nature. Judgo Tliey Could Spurn Ului. Guide tto party Jint emerged from Mam moth envoi Will, here wo aro In tho day light onco again. Uut holdl Ono of vonr crowd IsmUsiug. U It possible we've lost bun In tho cavol Member of Party ireluotuutlyi I'm afraid not. Ho1 tbo amateur nbotoirrnnlior. Chi cago Tribune. She ruts It Away. Mother Emily, 1 should think, vou mm getting old enough to put away childish things. Tommy 1 know one childish thing the put away lota of, mal Emily What' that, smartyl Tommy Candy. Burllugton FVoo Press. TTe Ar All Posted. Tho last Usuo of Tho Medical Roviow prom ises a future article on "What to Do Vhn 8tung by a Hornot." Wo don't believe any ono will wait with bated breath for that article. We have all been there. The thins todolstojump two feet high and yell for tbo police. Detroit Free PrtMi Iilrntlty Discovered. Railroad Spotter You will have to take me off tho main line nnd put mo on a branch. Tho conductors linve found out who 1 am. Superintendent That's strange, Aro vou sure they know you 1 "Dead sure. 1 hey have begun to treat m politely, "Now York Weekly. A bure 8lgii. Two blind men aro 011 a train. Suddenly loud smacki are heard all over tho car. "There,' said ono to the other, "that" the fourth tunnel too havo passed through today." Judge. Kverythlns; Lovely, Doston Mother (whllo the ball I at its full height) I everything golug smoothly, Janet I - t - Daughter Yes, mother, the caterer has Just opened tho seventh barrel -of beans.- Judgo. 1 e Something Lacking. Mr. Hang (at tho piano) Thl piano Iacks touuhlug. Don't you think so, Mr. Plawelf Mr Plawel (aloud) It seem so. (Sotto vocei A player, 1 guess. Yankee Blade. VaiaJ 1 " CHRP6TS FALL. Our stock 'of Carpets for this season arc all in and wtr are prepared to show you full lines from the best known manu facttirers in tne country. These goods have been selected with reat care as to design and Colorings, and cannot fail, to please any and all who may be looking for new and fin est effects. The line embraces the following grades. Wil tons Moquettes, Body Brussels, Tapestry Brussels,' Extra Super Ingrains, Three Ply etc. With increased facilities for doing work quickly and properly we arc in better shape than ever before to please you in this department. Call and examine before placing your fall orders and be convinced. In Curtains and Draperies wc arc equally well prepared and': can certainly interest you if in need of anything belonging; to tlijs department. A. M. DAYIS & SON 1112 0 ST. M St, 0T 7 Stylish Carriages and Buggies, At all Hours Day or Night. 157" Hones Boarded nnd bcM of care taken of all Stock entrusted to us. JS3', PRICES REASONABLE. BILLEMEYER & CO., Proprietors. Call and See Us. Telephone 435- ISflffl era umsn Kates rpiisonuhlo. KcrytluiiK new mid Omnhn. Hot and cold wnter In every room, oillcc nnd dliiliig,bll on first lloor. All mod ern Improvements. I.lncolnltcR always ieccloanrdl(il welcome, full nnd eeo us whllo In Oinnha. You enn get Into tho enrs nt itenrtt niwl tnitn iiaiivuv t nAinr nre DIUICOT TO Till: DOOK dr. llth nnd I HA IMIlQIIY. Cleric. 1A JMIAJNl UNAOQUAroTED WITH THE OEOQHAFHY Or THE COUNTRY, WILL OBTAIN muun VJUiUAiMiU ihfoumation THE CHICAGO, ROCK ISLAND ft PACIFIC RAILWAY, SSS&BF StSun?ron? cSSUftfflf 0& mS(rnr?fuiVoU,i?'E2,clf MtL8' ln lUjINOIS-DavSnport usoattno! BiSK"??' iOnn?A00ffl!,DM MplnoB.Wintoroet, AudubonarlM, and Council rllol ln OwA Minneapolis and St. Paul, in MINNSBOTA Watortown ' MiaaonnrFfennr OTA-orn' StiJohand Kanaka CU,15 MnfJiSnIaoVr0T5iaiWvFal2u,ry,.Q.nd NolBon.ln NEBRABKA-Horton, Topoka, nJfuSlh Vl0Dl5a'J. Bollovlllo, Abllono, Caldwell, ln ICANSAS-Pond RrS?,kiC,S35hqr'For Rono, in 'tho INDIAN TERRlTOBY-and Colorado nErtSSoS?1 Pueblo. n COLORADO. FREE Rocllnlng; Chair Cars to ft?.? -5 S080' gSdweU, Hutohlnaon. and Dod&o City? and Palace TbIood vt:0?00?80' Wichita, and, Hutchinson. TraVoraos now and Sf1ntSS,rrSn,inHtnar ? erraslngr land?, affording tho boat faculties 2irin.???2liauniiaSon ""JSS and. clt,e8 eoat ond west, northwest and Bouthwest of Ohlcaero, and Pacific and transoceanic Seaports. MAGNIFICENT VESTIBULE EXPRESS TRAINS, irt,?S?pot4n,oi?..,81S0ndSr of oiujpmont. cool, well ventilated , and n Moini ?.;":.. st.rsL""iY"y' Hotels loepfa leals 8H8ffnJ.- L5?M5bIequr8lweBt of JSSi O. Portland, Los Awrolos. STSiTSSiSSSJSSSi -K!JK52li2u. aardon ot ad. o Banltarf VIA' THE ALBERT LEA ROUTE, rio?Tfr?nr?riSrn8id,illy S..two2.n U511!!0 and Minneapolis and Bt. Paul, KBS.SHni4JOn?v,5??llnU?J? 9hlr Care IFBEE) to and from thoso points and TT -TT - .aiuuuMU UUair J&r UUU D ThrpufirU Chair Oar and G2hd8sloYXthoP& treSKS52?AJSaSf iffiWOA - CI Lllfl- Via. IlAMlr iDlanif rPhn .iinnh v'Acr.r,i""Jra.idvL"""iii wSiCr 1 iv ""j,", aanoua uity, Minnoapoiia, and Bt. Paul. nmo.Jio.k08NaJ5iFo,d0raJLordQ8lr0d'nonnatlon, apply to onv Ticket Offloo In tho UnltodBtatos or Canada, or oddroas ' vvy xm E. ST. JOHN. GiXTOAOO, Qeieral Manager, 1889. m 0 sr. Finest in the City JKTHE NEWm Palace Stables opp. Masonic Temple. THE MURRAY Omaha's Leading Hotel. Opened Sept. 1, 1888. .Finest Hotel in the West complete. I'mn t r-tnlrc nmi Miniini ...m in. Hnrnoy. II. SIM.OWAY, Proprietor. FHOM A STUDY or THIS MAP OP ""w.v'" tY Doiwopnunicairo, 11 a Sc Splendid Dining Missouri Rlvnr. and Ban OUTE8 to and from flsJt rTancisoo. ino uuusgt ..... .-l..... ..j. a...... SleoDor botwoon Peoria, finlrifc r jiw R08 tBffOT JKIffi ft?? J5NgAKBB offers faollltlos Jto T2V. .... I -...T Tl-A-r V?:' JOHN SEBASTIAN, If.U Qen'l Ticket ft Pais, Ar;;r j. bj.m, ana uouncil UlutTs. Bt. N., tA?(j. n . rt'.Ak.j J ' -i. " -i l