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CAPITAL CITY COURIER, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 1889.
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VASHINGTOtfRtsfSrlWG HIS COMMISSION "WASHINGTON'S Bt1U, -
OF INDEPENDENCE.
DECLARATION
A Bit of History Tlut It Just Now Ap
propriate In Philadelphia, In Chestnut street, stands
the famous building now known as Indepen
dence hall, which used to bo called thi state
bouse. This odlflco U ono of tho shrluos of
ABserican patriotism; for It was in ono of Its
low roofod, quaint old rooms that the Declar
ation of Independence, which made of the
United Btatos a nation, was debated and de
cked. la the month of May, 177S, the second
Continental congress, which had tho author
ity of a general government over tbo colo
nies, mot In PluUadelphla. Loxlngton and
Concord had boon fought tho previous April
In Juno congress chose as commandcr-ln-oktef
of tho American army Qoorgo Wash
ington, who was present as a dolcgato from
Yirgtnla. Betting out for Boston in tho lat
ter part of that month, ho heard of tho battlo
of Bunker Hill on his way.
Thus thoro was war. But though tho colo
nies wero in arms, thoy wcro so not for sepa
ration from tho British government, but for
their rights under that government. To a
large portion of tho American people tho
ids of a flnnl separation from England was
at this tlmo dktaatoful Even niter months
of fighting thoy clunjr to tho hopo of a
frloudly settlement of dilTcrcncea. Franklin
was nn nrdent ndvocato of reconciliation,
and so was Washington, who at a later period
wrotoi "When I took command of tha army
I abhorred tho Idcn of Independence,"
In revolutions things raovo rapidly, and nil
this flno fecllngof loyalty was soon to bo
wept nway. When tho Americans saw their
respectful petitions to tho British government
treated with disdain, and fleets and armies
tent to compel them to submit to unjust laws,
their oyos wero opened to tho fact that sub
mission was slavery. Washington, who, In
July, 1775, had "abhorred Indcpcudenco,"
wroto lees than a year afterwards, "Recon
ciliation with Croat Britain is now Impossi
ble, and I am fully convinced that nothing
bat Independence will savo us."
X Of course this fooluur among the people
aoon fouol voice in congress. On tho 7th of
Jaae Richard Henry Leo, one of tho dele
gates from Virginia, offered a resolution
'that these united colonics are, and of right
ought to bo, free and Independent states."
This resolution was at one seconded by John
.Adams, of Massachusetts "glorious old John
Adams," as he was afterward called.
' When, however, a vote was taken it was
seen thai congress was not yet prepared for a
Measure so decisive, Sovcn of tho thirteen
'colonies voted for the resolution and sir voted
against it. As greater unanimity than tils
was necessary, it was agreed that tho matter
houl J stand over for two or thrco weeks,
i In tbo meanwhllo It was thought tho peo
plo ot Iho colonies would show whothcr thoy
were ready for independence or uot. And
show it very clearly thoy did. Bcforo tho
end of that month tho people of ovcry colony
but ono hod either held meetings and voted
that thoy wished for Indcpoudcnco or clso
had instructed their delegates to voto for it.
During this tlmo .f delay congress bad ap
pointed a committee to draw up a declara
tion of Independence, for it was thought
very important that Loo's resolution should
bo prefaced by a prcamblo setting
forth tho reasons that leu congress
to adopt tho measure, Tho commit
tee consisted ot Thomas Jefferson of
Virginia, John Adams ot Massachusetts,
Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania, Roger
Sherman ot Connecticut, and Itobort R. Liv
ingston ot Now York. . Jefferson, though
comparatively young theu 83 years of age
was known as a very nblo man, and as John
Aisms tells us, "had tho reputation of a mas
terly pen." Accordingly ho was requested by
the committee, alter discussing tho topics, to
Make a draft ot a declaration ot Independ
ence. In a few days Jefferson was nblo to
lay before the committee a document which
roved that bo hod indeed a "masterly pen."
This was the Immortal Declaration of lndo-
MBdence, the most famous political paper
ever written. With the exception ot two or
three verbal changes suggested by Franklin
and Adams (which may bo soon iu their band
writing on tho original document) thoDeclar
ftUon was adopted by tho committee just as
JeCerson had written It, and on tho JJSth ot
June it was presented to congress.
On the 3d of July tho resolution to declare
-i she colonies Independent, which had been In
troduced by Richard Henry Leo, tho Ufo
long friend of Wa&hlngtou, was adopted by
sulos had ceased to exist, and now nation
was born.
Tho Declaration was signed on tho day of
Its adoption by every member present who
voted for It, John Hancock, whoso name
headed all tho others, soldi "Wo must bo
unanimous; thero must bo no pulling differ
ent ways; wo must all hang togothor."
"Yes," said Franklin, "wo must all hang
together or wo shall all hang separately."
On tho Vth of July, 1770, tho Declaration
of Independence was road to tho army. Most
ot tho Tories had fled from Now York,
and thorn who remained kept thotr sentiments
hlddon, but tho loyal pooplo were in a frenzy
ot joy. Thoy folt that the great step was
taken, and that It was only a question ot
tlmo when thoy would be a frco nation.
Thoro was a loadon statuo of George III In
Bowling Green, and this thoy threw down
and molded Into bullets. Washington dis
approved greatly ot this act. It seemed to
him to bo lawless and riotous, and ho wrote
an order requesting his men to act as bo
comes Christian mon, defending tho dearest
rights and liberties of their country. On other
occasions when ho heard any swearing
among mon or officers ho at onco stigmatized
such as wicked and ungontlemanly. Indeed, ho
had on order that If soldiers woro heard to
blaspheme thoy wero to rocolvo twonty-flvo
lashes, and on ono occasion when at a dinner
which ho gavo to his officers and somo others
sorao of them sworo, ho roso, saying, "I
thought I had Invited gentlemen only."
Throughout all his Ufo Washington was
austcro and rigid In tbo observances of tho
respect duo to sacred things, and ho was often
found praying fervently for tho success of his
handful ot starving troops.
Everywhere tho Declaration was hailed
with joy. It was road to tho army amidst
exulting shouts. It gavo them tho inspira
tion of a great cause, and sustained them In
tho dark days ot that long, roVulutlonary
strugglo, until that which was declared in
Independence hall In 1770 was gloriously
achieved by Washington In 17SJ tho liberty
ot our land.
health of tho father of his country. Science
likes to point to htm as a notablo Illustration
of tho "mens saua in corpora sano" princi
ple, Tho stories of his physical prowess now
seem to bo significant of mora than power
and sport; thoy show that endurance that
was absolutely requisite to carry tho general
of rebel colonics successfully through tho
trials and anxlotles of a revolution. St.
Louis Globe-Democrat.
Three Washington Htatues.
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BTATUE OF "WAS1U.N0TO5 AT TIUNCETON."
A Washington statuo stands at tho Inter
section of Pennsylvania and Now Hampshire
avenues, Washington, and was designed by
Clark Mills. It was voted by congress In
IS33, and cost $50,000. It was cast from can
nou, and represents Washington as at the
battlo ot Princeton.
SMMTSSB.
The dls
dkeusston was long and miniated,
l4nr tlmkl or opposed, and tho debate
continued until July 4, when uows carao that
large British force under Gen. Uowo bad
suilysw at we eniraice ot now iui u uur,
vrikWk tamed the wale and at 2 o'clock oa
ttkrtarssntoo Mm steal vote was taken with
I of tfce nunln voee ot uurtesst
9f thk sslesw iMtthtKBgusbeet-
The Greatest of Americans.
Tho striking thing about tho fomo of
Oeorgo Washington Is, that ot all Americans
ho Is tho only ono that has gono Into history
with a non-partisan- position. Every other
famous man has been considered n representa
tive ot somo special idea In politics, This fa
truo with Hamilton and Jefferson, tho leader
of tho opposing schools of political thought,
as well as ot their disciples who, from tha
early days of tho government, have divided
public attention.
Tho only other American of whom It con
bo said that ho had anything Uko a universal
or non-partisan famo Is Benjamin Franklin;
but ho died hi tho year following tho final
adoption ot tho constitution, as signalized by
tho Inauguration of tho first president. Tho
statement that all our Americans aro looked
upon as partisans Is even truo of tho judiciary.
Marshall, Jay andTanoy, whoso careers cov
ered tho tlrst three-quarters ot a century of
our history, aro considered almost univers
ally from tho standpoint of their achievements
In carrying out political ideas. New York
Press.
Was U Died to Death?
rteortro Washington was of superb physical
development, absolutely free from all taint
of hereditary disease, a very temporato man,
and lived during most of his llfo In conditions
favorablo to longevity. Yet ho died at tho
comparatively early ago of 07. Wheu we
read In his biography that tho first action of
each suecosslvo medical adviser was to ask If
tho patient had been bled, and then to pro
coed to mora bleeding to mako a suro thing of
It our wonder at an early death may bo mod
erated. Ou tho last day be was bled lour
times, and tho physician Innocently says of
tho lust tlmo that tho "blood did not flow
freely." Ono would supposo not.
Washington Was an Athlete.
Every hlstorlo character must pass through
two eras, that of undue exaltation and lauda
tion, and that of depreciation and defama
tion. Georgo Washington escaped neither of
them. Tho detraction with which ho was
met in his military career was temporary.
For tho most part bis luo was a iriumpu,
His presidency was royalty beyond anything
slnco experienced by our executives. His
torians vied in exaggerating his excellences,
and Inventing Illustrations of his extraor
dinary character. Tho reaction was natural
to a startling abatement ot belief in bis saint
llness, and a conviction that his military
career did uot oxhlblt tho least gonitis. Slowly
tho final verdict has been rendered, and
mav assuredly say that among tn
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NVF. AT MONTICELLO.
He Jots Down a Few Thought In His
Own Winning Way.
Not long ago 1 visited Montlcello, and
paused to weep over thogravo ol Thomas
Jefferson, tho great yet simple man who
wroto tho x)ctlo but Impractical statement
that nil mon nro created cquaj. As a matter
of fact, If all men aro created equal, thoy
very early develop signs of inequality which
must bo recognized by tho most obtuse. That
they aro, under tho law, endowed with cer
tain Inalienable rights, among which rnny bo
enumerated llfo, liberty find tho pursuit of
bnpplnoRS, no ono will deny, but In tho pur
suit of happiness how vol led nro tho tastes
and ambitions of maul What n wldo gulf
yawns between tho joys of n llfo spent in
reading Drowning and thnt experienced by
Jack tho Hipper, And yot It only illustrates
tho divergence of opinion as to what consti
tutes llfo, liberty and tho pursuit ot hnppi-now.
Mr. Jefferson was tho nuthor aim of what
rmivi 'mjkm
SEE THE
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DON'T FAIL
lscniiodJtirerHoninn simplicity, itconsisted To Call and Examine the Large and Elegant Stock of IM
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somowhnt In living well and dying in debt.
Jefferson Ian simplicity, as Introduced at
Washington during tho latter part of tho
F resent century, Is a delightful relaxation,
t is as pleasant n way of whlltng nway an
o entng as one could well think of, The only
objection to it, of courso, is tbo oxponso. Tho
groat outlay necessary In order to orfect it
U what has kept Jofforsonian simplicity back.
I saw tho neat llttlo brick smoko houso
wbcro Thomas brought bis Virginia brldo.
It consists of ono room on the ground floor,
containing, among other things, a window.
Mr. Jefferson married, and with bis wifo at
onco set out on a bridal tour on horseback
from Richmond to Montlcollo, arriving bo
tneen 12 and 1 o'clock on tho night after his
nodding. I can, In imagination, boo tho two
young pcoplo riding through tho brush, up
tho hill, Mr. Jnfforson shifting uneasily In his
naddlo from tlmo to tlmo, in order to glvo tho
snddlo much needed rest and chango of scene.
In hU hair I seo tho burr of tho chestnut, nud
I hear him roguishly say that ho calls It his
chestnut hnlr, partly on that account and
partly bocauso It bos boon used bcforo. Then
I bear him swear a llttlo as ho climbs n per
simmon treo for his hat.
Mrs. Jefferson rides along behind, with n
look of chastened regret, thinking bow sho
will reply to a letter of inquiry sent her by a
Now York paper, asking If sho regards mar
riage as n failure Bho U dressed plainly, in
bronze dross and Garibaldi waist, laced
down tho bock with porpoise strings. Over
all sho wears n riding habit, moro or less
fluted by th. briars, and bold in place by
moans ot largo whito majolica buttons. It is
tho only bad habit sho has.
Mr. Jefferson gets off his bono at tho door
of tho llttlo red smoko houso, and walking in
a stately, but fatigued and rocky, manner to
tho door, shouts: "What, bo, within thoro 1"
and then taking an eight jxund koy from bis
pocket, opens tho door and welcomes his
brldo to her now homo.
This picture Is uot overdrawn, for under
similar circumstances tho girl, whoso dowry
tas enormous, and whoao homo bod been ono
ot luxury and easo all her life, arrived In tho
middlo of tho night within tho bare walls of
tho llttlo brick refrigerator on tho top of the
mountain, and at tho hands of her husband
received, by way ot refreshment, tho set
tlings of a bottlo of Rhino wlno.
Mr. Jefferson was always regarded as a
good provider. Ho also rodo to Washington
from Charlottcsvillo in a gig, In order to
avoid one of tho lunch counters on tho way.
I am surprised that whllo president bo did
not board at homo and bring his dinner.
Wbon tho tlmo comes (or n good but simple
president, 1 hopo to got a crack at it myself.
Then you will see a gentle, plain and unas
suming niandrlvo up in trout of tho Whit
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The Capital City Courier,
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Domorest's Monthly Magazino,
A WONDEKFUL rUDLICATION.
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rstiTMBNT of any msgaslno published, but this Is
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pcrlcnco sro shown, so that rach ilrpartmi nt Is
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tains Htorirt, Poems, anil other Literary attraction.
Including Artistic, Bclentlnc, and llouseholdmattcrs,
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St' - i?'Vr-g' l-J. - '
EQUXSTOIAN STATUS Of WASniHOTOJT
UNION BQUA&B, N. Y.
This statuo of Washington was modeled ay
Drowne, and is fourteen and n half foot high,
the cntlro monument, Including tho pedestal,
betnc twenty nlno feet, Tho statuo is. of
bronze, and tho pedestal of polished granite
This work has been generally and Justly ad
miral and Is generally decorated with flbw-
Houso every morning, with pair ot grass
tod marcs and a nalo, slender colt following
behind. An armful ot hay will stick out at
tho tall of ono of tho wagons, and tho team
will work at this whllo tho executlvo goes In
to hobnob with tbo representatives of other
powers.
What could bo moro touching than for tho
president of tho United Btatos to thivoln
from tho form, and entering an ofOco In tho
morning, with a sun burned noso and tho odor
of new mown bay and new milch cows still
hovering about him, to grasp tho band of a
crowned head and present it with a largo rod
applo as a mark of esteem I
At tho noon hour I soo Mr. Jefferson as ho
untied a largo rod handkorchlot and took out
bis dinner, consisting of bread and molasses,
hard boiled egg and a wodgo of pruno plo.
Hastily eating tbo broad and molasses and
pooling tho egg, ho produces from his pockot
a largo horn handled clasp knife, and cutting
up tho plo on a copy of Tho Congressional
Jlccord, ho stores it away In tho recesses of
his being. This was what first set thooxam
plo at Washington for what is now called tho
congressional recess.
But thero was something, after all, In tho
welcome ot Thomas Jefferson to his brldo as
sho landed In tho now homo, bare and deso
late as it was, which was not humorous. In
fancy I can sco tho young wifo, with loosened
and illsbovclod hair, as sno looicou about nor,
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SCRIBNER'3
MAGAZINE
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J MAGAZINE
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09tKB9SmtL 3b9 CCCCS05O93CCC
its. readers' literature, of lasting inter
est iJQd value, it is fully and beautifully
Illustrated and nas .already 'gained a more
than national circulation- (exceeding- 12S.OOQ
copies' monthly &, Ly u. i a a t
tPRlCE 25 CENTS 'A NUMBER" S3. A YEAR
rrsnn Decerntlon Da v. Two or three vears
ago that monument was strangely overlooked d th wod her hood upon tho bosom of
and nratriotio utuo nowsuoy stnnca suu- t wullo j,, of tenderness and
scrlptlon among bis confreres, and they soon
had it covered wuu green leaves ana savety
flowers.
wo
truly well polsod and superbly dovelopod he
roes of humanity Washington stauds among
the very prlnccllest. remaps our specuu
generation, influenced by on awakenlug in
terest iu nthlctics and physical development,
is Inclined to consider with moro eniphosU
the really magnificent bodily proportions and
''SEsiSSfeP
AH ssimsvswsi iHBtrf"
A I'UILADEU'UIA WABUINOTWf BTATUE.
A cut Is also given of the stnluo of Wash
ington that stands In front of Independence
hall, Philadelphia, In which tho father or bis
xmntry Is represented standing by a reading
lotk.
joy wilted tho shirt frills of tho mighty
American. No picture Is mora beautiful than
honest affection in tho foreground with a
background of gonulno greatness. It touches
all hearts and disarms overy too. To bo
great In tho oyos of a majority of voters is
a triumph, but to bo grout In tho eyes of ono
good woman Is a good deal greater.
And so by tho roadsldo, as wo como away,
wo find tho graves where tho groom and the
brldo havo again togothor found rest. Dill
Kyo In Cuco u Week.
A StartlluK Identification.
"Wbv mustn't I stand up on tho soatP said
small boy to his mother, in a suburban
train, tho other day.
"Because 1 know you'll fall over and knock
Miss Blank's hat off," was tbo maternal
reply.
Tbo small boy remained silent tor a mo
ment, whllo ho took stock of tho hat on tb
lady In front. Then bo sold, in judicial tones 1
'Why, mamma, that's the bat you said you'd
knock off Miss Blank's head, It you wero her
mother rPltUburg Dispatch.
That's tha Worst or IU
Thero nro somo mon In this world who
eouUnttoll you that two parallel linos may
bo Infinitely produced and never meet with
out ulltiig you with an earnest doslro to de
nounce tt statement as a malicious lie. And
thoy itf always excellent pooplo. Boston
Vuduot
Iwjth nessrs.
Charles 5cribncri? Jons the- Publisher enable ua
to offer SCR1BNEJVS MAGAZINE with the
CAPITAL CITY COURIER,
Both for $4.25. This makes the price of theCouiuKu
when taken Ibis way only $1.35.
K v7iHEviOIBMV,Y J& afsTOTh iiii-nfirriTB
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