Holt Soil and Water Conservatior
District Gives Annual Report
Thin in the report of the Holt
, 11 and Hater (Wn»U»n IMs
Uleta activities and accomplish
•"fntn during the vear
The following table is given to
show an outline of the accomplish
ments for the past year on some
of the major conservation prac
tices carried out by District co
operators :
Practice Unit
Stop cropping Ac
Cover Cropping Ac.
Proper Use Ac.
Permanent Seeding Ac.
I>une Stabilization Ac.
Tree Planting Ac'
Terraces and Diversions Mi.
Waterway Development Ac
Pond Construction No
Land Leveling Ac.
IW>» To I lilt**
568 108.991
769 104.109
5681 245,271
3292 28,782
64 5,050
129 11,526
8.2 66.3
18 318
29 220
215 258
Grass seeding increased with
3,292 acres being accomplished by
e<x>perators. 1,539 acres of this was
()on. ■ w'lth die two-District owned
Nesbit drills. Grass seedings were
more successful than before due
to the use of the Nesbit drill and
to the fact that more and more
ranchers and farmers are making
better seed bed preparation by
seeding in a cover crop stubble.
Fourteen Great Plains con
tracts written this year brings
the total to IK for that program
to (bite.
Four livestock dams, two ero
sion control dams, six livestock
wells, 34 acres of land leveling
for irrigation, 1 mile of water
way, 22 acres of shelterbelt, 4
miles of fencing, 544 acres of native
grass seeding and 170 acres of
tame pasture seeding are practices
which have berm completed to
date under the Great Plains Pro
gram. All 18 farmers and ranch
ers have considerable more work
to be accomplished in 1960 in add
ition to work to lx* done on new
contracts to bo written.
Dam construction, 29 of them,
took a marked increase over the
past several years. 18 of these dams
were for livestock water and 11 for
erosion control. 16 of these dams
were constructed in intermittent
spring flow which will provide
recreation facilities and fishing as
well as livestock water.
COOPERATION WITH
OTHER AGENCIES
We of the District appreciate all
the effort expended by the tech
nical staff of the United States
Soil Conservation Service in as
sisting our District. It is through
their efforts and cooperation and
the good work of our coopera tors
that conservation continues to ex
pand in Holt county.
The need for technical asssis
tance continues to increase. It is
our hope to be able to maintain
and expand our organization so
that the people of Holt county can
be served promptly and efficient
ly. The understanding of conser
vation today is better than it was
when Districts were first organ
ized. So many of the practices
have proven themselves in con-1
serving our soil and water, that j
applications for assistance in car
rying them out exceed our ability
to comply with all the requests.
Conserving our natural resources
is a continuing and never ending
job.
The technical staff includes: Or
ville Indra, soil scientist who ser
ves several districts; Hob Hill,
unit conservationist; Weston D.
Whitwer, conservationist; Vernon
Wortman, conservationist and Wil
lis Sanders, conservation aid. Mrs.
Deane Reed has continued to serve
as part time clerk. Funds provid
ed by the county and the state
committee have provided this cler
ical assistance H C. S holes also
worked for the District, taking
charge of seed consignments, seed
cleaning, machinery rental and
seed sales.
The staff has expended every
effort to keep up with the appli
cations for assistance by all co
operators and writing plans for
new cooperators. They also fur
nished much technical assistance
for the various ACP practices, and
have continued to develop Great
Plains plans. Sixteen Great Plains
contracts were signed during the
year. The SCS personnel has set
up a plan for contacting all co
operators in Ranges 15 and 16 to
help with their technical problems
and revise their plans where nec
essary. By following this plan, all
cooperators will lie contacted at
least once in every four years
The Holt Soil and Water conser
vation District and the Holt Ex
tension Board again sponsored a
joint annual meeting. The meeting
was held at the Legion hall in O’
Neill. Mr Ray Switzer of Sioux
City was the principal speaker
The ASC office, in cooperation
with the Soil and Water Conserva
tion Ihstrict and Soil Conservation
technicians, the Extension Service
FHA, and the Forest Service
through the Agricultural Conser
vation Program achieved the fol
lowing accomplishments during
the year:
The 1959 Holt County Agrieiil
tural Conservation program shared
with farmers in the Holt Soil and
Water conservation district the
cost of establishing selected con
servation practices needed to im
prove and protect their soil, water
and woodland recources. The ACP
was administered by the locnlly
elected Agricultural Stabilization
and Conservation (ASC) county
committee.
In addition to sharing the cost
of conservation practices, the coun
ty ACP also helped provide tech
nical services necessary to the
success of the practices by trans
ferring $3,006.49 to the Soil Conser
vation Service.
The program was designed so
that along with conservation edu
cation, technical services, and
other conservation efforts it would
be most useful in meeting local
conservation problems.
Most of the practices carried
out on farms with ACP cost-shar
ing were needed land treatment
measures in the program of the
Holt Soil and Water conservation
district.
During the 1959 program year
about $56,031.99 of ACP cost-shar
ing was used on 212 farms in the
Holt Soil and Water conservation
district to help solve particular
problems by establishing needed
conservation practices. This repre
sented aliout 8 percent of the farms
in the District. These practices
included:
Conservation Practice Farms
Gradient and level terraces 1
Diversions 2
Sod waterways 5
Erosion control dams 7
Livestock water dams 11
Leveling irrigatable cropland .1
Wells for livestock water 64
Initial establishment or improve
ment of permanent cover 13
Establishment of permanent cover 19
Protecting field bonders, dams,
dikes and ditch banks 1
Vegetative cover for crop rotations 31
Summer cover crops 2
Treatment of cropland by liming 12
Tree planting for erosion control
and required fencing 49
Forestry improvement 2
Field stripcropping 4
Deferred grazing 14
Controlling blow-out areas 19
Extent
12,650 Linear ft.
820 linear ft.
7,841 linear ft
23,354 cubic yds.
32,480 cubic yds.
708 acres
72 structures
351 acresi
616 acres
4 acres
497 acres
125 acres
320 acres
3,834 rods; 120 acres
3.8 acres
235 acres
4,706 acres
71 acres
The atxwe listed practices are
carried in five different groups
for budgeting purposes. These
groups are listed with an esti
mated amount paid for each group
in the 1959 program year.
Group A (practices 1 through 12)
$15,578.08
Group Ft (practices 13 through 17
and practices 32 A and 31 A)
22.964 43
Group C (practices 18 through 24)
9.804.84
Group D (practices 26 through 28)
7,273.04
Group E (practice 30)
411.60
Total $56,031.99
Part of these payments were
paid by a CMS Purchase order
form and a few used assignment
form of payment. The Holt Soil
and Water conservation district re
ceived no payments through the
CMS plan and nine payments
through the assignment plan.
Assignment form of payment
was also eligible under the con
servation reserve program. The
Holt Soil and Water Conservation
District received seventeen assign
ment payments under this program.
The district has had good coop
eration from both the Federal
Fish and Wildlife Service and the
State Game Commission. The dis
trict places orders for cooperators
desiring Federal fish to stock farm
ponds. During the year bass and
bluegill were delivered to stock
six ponds in Holt county.
The State Game Commission
has supplied planting stock and
fencing material for a number of
wildlife plantings. Gerald Chafin,
land manager or the Game Com
mission which has headquarters at
Bassett in this area, has spent con
siderable time in the Holt district
taking care of requests of cooper
ators for wildlife areas.
The Game Commission also car
nes out another important phase
of wildlife conservation m cooper
ation with the Holt district. Bruce
MeCarraher, fisheries manager in
spects most ponds before stocking
by Federal fish is made.
This has done much in passing
on fish pond management infor
mation and assists in improving
fish ponds in Holt county.
pi BiJtnv
There were 38 news releases
mad > during the year These were
printed in either one or all four of
the newspapers in Holt county.
The O Neill radio station has also
been cooperative in presenting a
number of conservation programs.
Responsibilities for these releases
and the radio program rest on
county extension agent Weston
Whitwer and Boh Hill with the oc
casional assistance of Vernon Wort
man and a district supervisor.
The clergy of the county are al
ways very cooperative in creating
a general awareness of the need
for conserving our soil and water.
The district purchased tiooklets
and church bulletins for all clergy
who requested them, to use in their
work.
A meeting was held with local
native grass seed producers. A
number of cooperators are pro
j ducing switehgrass. sandlove grass
bluestem, Indian grass and vetch
in quantities large enough to han
dle all of our local needs. In ad
dition, considerable amounts of
little bluestem, side oats grama,
crested wheat grass and interme
diate wheat grass were consigned.
These growers and the district de
termined prices and policy. Seed
is handled hy the district on a con
signment basis.
District supervisors attended
area meetings in Broken Bow in
March and December. Four of the
supervisors attended the conven
tion of the National Association of
SWCD's at Houston, Tex , in Febru
ary and the State Convention at
Scottsbluff in October.
4- llteams from the Holt district
took the first and second places
in the area range judging contest
and first and third places in the
state contest. They are now eligible
to participate in the National con
test to be held in Oklahoma.
On September 17 and 18 in coop
eration with Miss Alice French,
the county superintendent of
schools, the district held a con
servation workshop institute for
the rural teachers. This was a
very successful venture and we
received the assistance also from
the State Soil and Water Conser
vation committee, the University
Extension Service and others. For
two weeks after the Institute, con
servation was taught in the rural
schools and at the end of that time
the district sponsored a poster con
test in conservation. Six winners
were selected from among those
entered. An essay contest was also
held with over 80 entries being re
ceived. Six winners were also chos
en from among these. Prizes to
the schools and winning essay wri
ters will be presented at the annual
meeting.
The District also cooperated in
the County Government Day held
in the county each year in the
fall.
On October 15 the district held
a 7th and 8th grade conservation
day. The program was held at the
O’Neill public school. In the morn
ing the pupils were taken outside
where members of the Board cf
Supervisors and SCS personnel
showed them different phases of
conservation work. In the afternoon
they were shown films and heard
talks on conservation of Soil and
Water, forests and wildlife.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
During 1959 the district purchas
ed a second native grass seed drill.
This will do a great deal to help
get better stands of native grass
es. This drill will sow seeds of dif
ferent sizes and weights at the
same time with controlled rates
of seeding on all seeds individually.
We also have a scalper to clean
bluestem and Indian grass seeds
and other bulky grasses.
The district owns two tree plant
ers. The planting of trees is one
of our more important programs.
Many thousands of trees are plant
ed in Holt county each year.
AWARDS PROCRAM
During the year the Soil and Wa
ter Conservation district sponsored
several programs. One which cre
ates general interest is the Awards
I GLEANINGS from our —1
^Heritage of Freedom j
$
There is no legitimacy on earth
but in a government which is J
the choice of the nation.
— Joseph Bonaparte.
Rfr
■
? Good friends like fo get together
‘ over cool, sparkling glasses of
* beer. Beer is so refreshing and
friendly. It is that festive touch
that adds good cheer fo a pleas
| ant time. Enjoy it! _____
NEBRASKA DIVISION J
n
-■* A \ United States
o Brewers
■ Foundation
812 First Nat’I Bank Bldg . Lincoln
-~~~ —~A
Range Inter seeder purchased by the llolt SM('l). Its use last
year was very successful and prospects are for considerable use of
this new machine this year.
Program. An outstanding conser
vation farmer and his wife are cho
sen and an aerial photograph is
taken of their farmstead. This
photograph, along with 87 others
is always displayed at the annual
meeting of the Nebraska Associa
tion of Soil Conservation districts.
The award photograph was s{»n
sored this year by the O Neill Na
tional Bank. The farm of Mr. Da
vid Keidel of Stuart was chosen
for the award. The picture is now
on display at the O’Neill National
Bank and it will be presented to
Mr Keidel at the annual meeting
The Holt Soil and Water Conser
vation district entered the follow
ing contests: The Goodyear con
test with Ivan Minshall of Page
being the cooperator chosen to
represent the district.
The Sioux City Permanent Ag
ricultural Program with Carroll
C. Summerer of Ewing, Darel
Bright of Atkinson and Edward
Sterns of Atkinson being the coop
erators chosen to represent the
district.
The Holt district also particpa
ted in the Omaha World-Herald
contest.
GENERAL ATTITUDE
The attitude of the cooperators
and of the public is very favorable
especially when the individual un
derstands the function of the dis
trict program.
Most cooperators are aware that
the office staff must schedule their
work a week or more in advance
and are willing to request help in
advance so that they can be work
ed info the schedule.
Local businessmen are always
willing to sponsor our aw'ards pro
gram. We feel that meetings with
the businessmen, the ministers, our
Soil Stewardship Sunday program,
etc., have done a lot to bring about
a better understanding of the Dis
trict in the minds of the general
public.
Ft Tt KK OUTLOOK
Goals call for an increased num
ber of new and revised plans for
coo[>erators of the district. It ap
pears that surface irrigation will
lie somewhat increased. There will
be a bigger demand for erosion
control dams and livestock water
dams.
We believe that the Groat Plains
program is an excellent opportun
ity for cooperators to complete
their conservation job with the as
sistance of cost-shares and the
technical help of a complete con
servation plan. This program is be
ing received enthusiastically by all
who have contracts developed for
their farms or ranches. Three
members of the Board of Super
visors have Great Plains con
tracts and as a board we feel that
we need to take the lead in en
couraging this program in every
way possible.
The Holt Soil and Water Conser
vation District tries to:
1 Create a general awareness
of the national urgency for conser
ving and developing natural resour
ces to meet the demands of a rap
idly expanding United Slates popu
lation.
2. Convince all who use and man
age' land that Nebraska’s future
depends on the use of each acre in
accordance with its needs for con
servation development and im
provement.
3. Persuade farmers and ranch
ers that the failures of a few to
care for our land and water re
sources peopardizes the rights of all
to own, use and manage land as
they see fit.
Dam under construction on Harvey Krugman farm. This was a
part of Mr. Krugman’s Great Plains contract. Smith and Son of Ver- i
digre, contractor.
H. Krugman
Has Good Farm
Under Program
Mr. Kingman is building a soil
and water conservation farm with
a Great Plains conservation pro
gram contract, technical assistan
ce from the local Soil Conserva
tion service technicians, initiative
and good farming know-how.
Before entering the Great Plains [
program, Harvey built 4 earthen j
dams with the financial assistance j
of the County Agricultural Conser-!
vation Program, planted 11 acres!
of trees for field windbreaks and
2 acres of trees to protect the
farmstead. However, there were
so many more conservation prac
tices he wanted to put on his farm
that he was unable to do it by him
self.
In May, 1959, Harvey signed a
Great Plains contract and obtain
ed the technical assistance of the
j>ou conservation service in max
ing a plan of operations and cost
sharing from the Federal Govern
ment on conservation practices
planned for his farm.
I>ast October a livestock water
dam and an erosion control dam
consisting of 10.000 cubic yards of
dirt moved and approximately 150
feet of metal tubes were completed
with 75 percent of the total costs
paid by the Great Plains program.
In the next four years Harvey
plans to build nearly 4 miles of ter
races, 1 mile of diversions, seed
100 acres of native grass for pas
ture and meadow, seed 90 acres
of cool season tame grass pasture,
construct nearly 2 miles of fence,
drill 1 livestock well, plant 3 acres
of trees for a livestock windbreak
and construct and seed approxi
mately three fourths of a mile of
waterways. Also included in the
plan will be the proper use of tbe
native and tame pastures, deferred
grazing and contour farming.
Harvey is very enthusiastic
about the Great Plains program
and what it is doing for his land.
He says. "The program has made
it possible for me to put all the
conservation practices on the land
that will conserve the soil and wa
ter and make an efficient and pro
fitable operating unit.”
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Area V-P Gives
Ideas For Good
ASC Plan
Tony Krebs, area vice president
of the National Association of Soil
Conservation Districts and a mem
ber of the Great Plains Action
committee from South Dakota, said
this about a complete Soil and Wa
ter Conservation plan:
“Once, I watched with great in
terest, the building of a small bus
iness house in the town where I
live. The owner hoping to cut cor
ners, did not get an architect to
draw up a plan As a result, there
have been many times when such
things as doors and windows had
to be re-located, new electrical out
lets installed or old ones moved,
some as many as four times
"A farm or ranch plan is eim
more important Damage to the
land can tie very costly before man
catches up w ith the mistakes of div
ing the right thing at the wrong
time.
"A complete farm or ranch plan
will do these things that you can’t
la* sure of any other w ay: It sets
up a sequence of projects so as
to get the most out of time anil
material land of course out of any
money spent >: It gives the opera
tor a goal toward which he can
work, knowing (hat when he has
reached it he will have accomplish
ed something worthy of his best
as an owner of agricultural land: It
gives a farmer or rancher a
chance to grasp the full meaning
of soil and water conservation, to
understand the reasons tiehind ev
ery step he takes m getting his
plan done: it gives him a finish
ed product with all the parts fitted
together for tin* best in land pro
tection and efficiency in operation
that modem know-how, both from
a scientific and experience stand
point, has been able to come up
with.
Like the fellow and his building,
you m;i\ sometime be able to ach
ieee a high d«*Kree of soil and w'a
■ter conservation on your land with
out a complete farm or ranch plan,
but it probably will la* at a price
you can’t really afford. And it
won’t have been the best deal for
your land, either."
In Holt county there are to date
18 farmers and ranchers with plans
of operation and contracts in the
Great Plains program extending
from 1958 through 1966 that cover
19,646 acres and $48,876.30 in es
timated cost-share funds obligated.
The conservation practices in
cluded in the 18 contracts that are
planned by 1967 are:
1414 acres of cropland being
planted to native grass. 481 acres
of range inter-seeding. 51.5 acres
or 33,768 trees to plant 16 miles
of fence construction. 7 acres of
waterway development 4 miles of
terraces. 3 miles of diversions. 3
erosion control dams. 5 livestock
water dams. 2 irrigation dams. 17
livestock wmlls. 83 acres of land
leveling.
The list of non-cost practices in
cluded in the plans are 12,164 acres
of proper use on pasture, 180 acres
of irrigation water management.
124 acres of contour farming and
154 acres of stubble mulch tillage.
Revell, Bilstein
To Get "Tree
Farm" Awards
Two local ranchers E. J. Revell
of Opportunity, and Ernest Hill
stein of Swan Duke, will be the
first to receive the Tree Farm
Awards in Holt county.
They will be presented certifi
cates and Tree Farm signs at the
Conservation Awards Night spon
sored by the Soil and Water Con
servation District on Friday March
11.
These two ranchers are reco
gnized as having made outstand
ing tree plantings on their ranches.
Along with this they have displayed
a good deal of interest in Forestry,
according to Dick Gavit, District
Extension Forester of Pierce.
The Tree Farm Program is a
nation wide program that gives
recognition to persons that have
made forestry plantings and follow
the best recommended forestry
management practices in main
taining these tree plantings on
their ranches.
The tree planting’s on both
ranches are multiple purpose
plantings as they furnish food and
cover for wildlife as well a? pro
teetion for the soil from wind and
water erosion. In addition these
plantings serve as protection for
livestock.
Mr. Billstein planting of Jack
pine was made in the early 1920’s
on a quarter section to control a
blow-out area and has proved very
sucessful. He is planning to start
the removal or thinning of the
trees and utilize them as fence
posts after treating with penta
chlorophenol. He also plans to re
plant these areas to Ponderosa
pine.
Mr. Revell has made two diffe
rent types of tree plantings thru
the years. He has a good farmstead
windbreak which protects his feed
lots and farm buildings. He also
has plantings surrounding some
of his fields which furnish pro
tection for his fields.
WOODLAND MANAGEMENT
Management practices or wind
breaks are very important to you
according to lhck Gavit. District
Extension Forester at Pierce.
Following recommended man
agement practices increases the
benefit you receive from your
windbreak in relation to your farm
tots and buildings You can in
crease tlie yield amt the value of
your timber if you use govs I man
agement practices
E J. Revel! erf Opportunity has
completed some forestry manage
ment work in his older windbreaks
He has released the volunteer
young red cedar t»* produce tetter
growth in the windbreak He has
accomplished this by gndting and
[*oisoiling some of the cottonwoods.
The cedar which was growing
under the cottonwood will have a
chance to make better grow th as a
result of more sunlight, and avail
able moisture. The cedar is pre
ferred ill the windbreak as it gives
a compact, dense formed tree and
the foilage is iota mod close to the
ground.
Another part of his windbreak
has had the Chinese elm poison
ed to favor the growth of mi
cedar.
Boli Hill of O'Neill has harvest
ed mature maple and cottonwood
from his windbreak for the lumber
to be used on the farm The remain
ing trees will provide another su[v
ply of lumber in several years.
Several rows of ml cedar lias
tiecn added on the north of the old
windbreak for wind protection on
the ground level.
Benefits can lie received by pro
per management in many other
areas in the county.
"The killing or removal of un
desirable species and possibly the
planting of evergreens in many
windbreaks will make them more
efficient," Gavit slates.
Evergreens are the backtwne of
a windbreak as they give maxi
mum wind protection. They are
dense to the ground and perman
ent Evergreens will grow in prac
tically all soils and mixed with
other tfees hut thrive l*et!er in
open sunlight conditions.
Miss A. French
Commends SCS
Area Workshop
The Soil Conservation Workshop
held in O'Neill last September was
considered one of the best by the
teachers. Conservation has been
studied in our schools for years
but at this workshop many prac
tical things were provided which
could be taken home and used.
All schools were asked to work
on conservation in the social
studies class for two weeks ami
correlate it with other classes
where possible It was a valuable
experience for the small ami the
large hi work together as a group.
Some of the larger schools were
divided into committees, some up
per ami some lower grades in each
committee Other schools worked
together ns one class
Research was introduced to
many pupils. They used pamphlets,
i text t*x»k> encyclopedias, etc., to
solve their problems Some ma
terials were found at home and
parents assisted in many ways
Correlation io some extent was
jsissihle with all subjects The vo
cabulary of participating children
was enlarged 1 -etters were writ
ten for materials Arithmetic pro
blems were solved pertaining to
conservation Art was very close
ly related including murals, sand
table displays and bulletin hoards
Many experiments were perform
ih! so there was a close correla
tion to science Heading of many
references took the place of re
I gular reading assignments. Cbm
1 pletlng the work I took s was a
'practical Knglish project
To high light the study of wild
| life and natural resources sev eral
schools arranged a wild life sanctu
ary They have continued to feed
and watch the birds and other
small animals all winter To
other children the high light was
the tour when they saw erosion,
contouring, terracing, dams, vnri
oils grasses and shelter bolts.
Other schools had a program for
the parents when the study was
completed Here they had a chance
to give the pledge, display the
work done and demonstrate the
experiments learned.
Many students were asking at
the end of the unit:
Why would anyone be so dumb
as to ignore soil conservation?
Why can't people see they are
wasting soil?
Why would people overgraze pas
tures?
Why would anyone plow up and
down hills?
To all of us this has been a very
worthwhile experience and I'm
sure the children will notice and
discuss the good and had practices
of conservation which they observe
from time to time,
Alice I-. French, Oo. Supt.
DR. D. E. DAVID
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preparing seedbeds or disking cornstalks . . .
for every single-action job, the Model "S" is
ideal. And, you can do excellent double
disking by lapping half each time. Advanced
design and rugged construction assure good
work for more years. Positive rope control or
hydraulic Powr-Trol provides easy operation.
See us for complete details.
HARRY R. SMITH IMPLEMENTS
O'Neill, Nebraska