I
a
Scientist Traces
Soil Background
(Continued from page 14.)
grt^sland areas t>y me moving
1 sa/ld is also serious.
The rolling hills are occupied
y another sandhill soil that has
topsoil of 6- to 10-inches in
hickness. It is composed of a
nose sand that has accumulated
enough humus to give it rela
tively dark color. The topsoil
irades quickly into the pale
j 'rayish-yellow sand underneath.
Inder proper grazing manage
i lent these soils support vigorous
l rowths of the tall grasses that
i re classified by the range spe
c alist as some of the best grass
t i for grazing. The quantity of
i ira« produced by the grasses
c l tlv^se soils is high. Again the
< inservation of these soils is
largely a matter of adjusting
s Vcking rates to the point where
r knaximum tonnage of grass for
age is produced. It is needless to
add that where these areas are
over-grazed, severe damage from
the blowing sand will result
Some of these same soils are
f«und on the higher portions of
the bottomlands or valleys. An
example is found on the low
hummocky areas of the Elkhorn
valley.
rA trfflrd group of soils occurs in
tie low wet meadows of the
Sandhills. They range in color
and depth from those with dark
sandy topsoils 16- to 18-inches
deep to those that have very
dark, clayey topsoils that are 6
t * 12-inches in thickness over
sand. Because of a relatively
iJgh water table that fluctuates
within a relatively narrow range
irf depth, luxuriant grass mead
ows have developed.
?|)IL CONSERVATION SUR
!YS IN HOLT COUNTY —
ince the Holt county Soil
lservation District was organ
d, approximately 129,000 ac
of soil conservation surveys
re been completed in tli<
tnty. These surveys serve a!
a basis, for making the conserva
tion pisrns on both the farms anc
ranches. They are made on aer
ial phpotographs by trained soils
scientists. When an applicatioj
| for a soil conservation program
! is received in the local district
| office, the first step towards de
veloping a soil conservation plan
is to make a conservation survey
on the land.
In making this survey, the soils
scientist studies the soils by dig
ging holes to observe the various
horizons or layers. From his
knowledge of the area, he is able
to classify the soils according to
their depth, color, texture, and
various other limitations and
hazards that they may have. In
addition to the soils, the mapper
also observes and makes notes
on the erosion, the slopes and
the present land use.
Since some of the soils have
characteristics that will cause
them to respond to certain soil
conserving practices while oth
ers will not, the soils are
grouped accordingly.
Those soils that are sandy and
are subject to wind erosion are
placed in a group for which spe- ;
cial emphasis is placed on a con
servation treatment that will re
duce losses from wind erosion.
Those that are subject to water
I erosion are placed in another
group that must be protected
from this sort of erosion. Still
another group may be suitable
only for pasture, in which case
a conservation plan is developed
ithat stresses range management
The Soil Conservation Service
has established eight broad land
* classes or groups into which all
land in the United States is class
ified. Because of the variations
in climate, crops, rotations, soil
limitation, and land use, the de
tailed grouping within the land
classes will vary in different re
gions throughout the county but
the broad overall grouping re
mains the same.
The basic policy of the Soil
Conservation Service is to treat
each acre in accordance with its
needs, and use it according to its
capabilities. It is only by detail
ed studies made on each farm or
ranch that sufficient information
i can be obtained to fulfill this ob
i ligation. Those of you who have
i soil conservation work on your
farms will recall having seen our
; soil scientist walking over your
■ places and making notes on a
i map. He was studying the soils,
t slopes, erosion, and the land use
on that particular piece of land.
The map he produced was used
by the planner when he visited
your place to work out a conser
vation plan with you.
It is suggested that you review
this map quite carefully when
you have the opportunity and ii |
you have questions about it ask
the SCS technician about them.
You may find some interesting
facts about your land that are
new to you.
REAL ESTATE TRANSFERS
WD—Edwin Thorin to Ray F
David & wf 12-6-50 $1500- Lots
2 & 3 Blk 6- Western Town Lot
Co 1st Add- Inman
WD—Fred D Bathel to Orville
L Paxton & wf 2-2-51 $14,400- .
WMs- WMsEVfe 8-31-16
WD—Henry J Lohaus to Frank
J Dishner & wf 8-15-50 $1- Lot
1 EMs lot 2 Blk 24- O’Neill
WD — Eva A Kaczor et al to
James Cooper & wf 2-10-&1 $13,
WMsNEM4- EMsNWMi 20- NMs
000- NWV4SWV4 17- NEM4NEV4
NWV4- SWMiNWMi NWy4NEy4
Nwy4swy4 21-26-10
, WD—Ottmar V Poessnecker to
The Atkinson Memorial Hospital
Inc 7-25-50 $2344- Part NEMi
SWy4 32-30-14 , 4 ^
WD—R W Weisser et al to Ot
to R Risty-Earl J Rodman &
John O Jensen 2-6-51 $26,045.86
Lot 12- West 30 ft lot 13- Blk 17
O’Neill
■ 'I
MORE PRODUCTION
AGAIN DEMANDED
Nebraska Is Fortunately
Situated to Meet
Wartime Needs
By E. G. JONES
Stale Conservationist
Soil Conservation Service
you might say that the “heat is
on again, mat is, American ag
riculture is again being asaeu to
mcicaoe production to meet tne
requirements of almost a war
time uerense setup, rood and
otuer matenais ior boui our
scives and oui allies are neeued
in greater quantities, and with
mote mwti taiwcii uy me aimed
services ana ueiense inuustries, it
again win post tne problem ol
getting this production with few
er people.
tne question arises: Can we
meet this oemand for increased
agricultural production so soon
after World War II without seri
luoiy weakening our land and
water resources? Except in rela
tively small areas Nebrasxa has
not been seriously depleted by
erosion and improper land use in
the past. But me tnreat ol cur
tailing the state’s land and water
resources is very real.
An analysis of the mxorma
lion gained in past surveys has
been made by the Soil Conser
vation Service. It snows that
Nebraska is more tortunately
situated than many stales.
But even so, only a little over
two-thirds of the cropland is on
deep, silty or sandy loam soils
with permeable subsoils — the
kind of land that can be restor
eu within a relatively short tune
to a satisfactory production iev
I el by conservation measures.
I some of this, however, is roiling
land where gully erosion can be
come severe enough to make fur
ther cultivation impractical. And
some is light enough soil on
which wind erosion losses can be
severe.
Twenty-seven percent — more
than one-fourth—of the cropland
is underlaid with clay subsoils.
This is land that cannot be built
up, in a man’s lifetime at least,
if ever, to anywhere near its or
iginal productivity after all the
topsoil has been lost. Much of
this land has already lost a con
siderable part of the topsoil
through erosion.
Other is on thin soil over rock,
! gravel or loose sand. That kind of
! soil, once the topsoil is gone, is
finished for cultivated crops.
Unless erosion is controlled,
there is a very real possibility of
crippling the land and water re
sources of Nebraska sinc-3 so
large a part of the cropland soils
are of a nature that once their
topsoil has been lost they cannot
be restored to more than a frac
tion of their former production
for a long time to come.
Experiences during the last
war, however, showed that prop
erly designed conservation in
creased production without in
creasing expense and labor. Such
conservation requires that crops
be grown only on the good land,
where the returns from the labor
expended are the greatest; that
gullies be converted to grass wa
terways instead of remaining
waste and ruinous to adjoining
land; that all land be put to its
best, most productive use. i
So far as the cooperators with
the state’s soil conservation dis- [
tricts are concerned, much prog- |
ress has been made toward put- |
ting the land in shape to meet ,
the production strain without
much injury. These soil conser- j
nation districts, voted by the
laiiuowneis under the provisions
ji me state soil conservation dis
uiets law, include all ol the farm
imu ranch land in Nebraska.
More than 26,640 farmers and
rancncrs cooperating with these
son conservation districts had
brought more than 6,ia0,000 acres
uiiu.r complete conservation
plans, which they had worked
out and are applying with the
technical aid supplied by the Soil
Conservation Service, aiding the
districts. These conservation
plans are based on the conserva
tion survey made by the SCS of
aach unit cooperating* with the
soil conservation districts in or
der to provide the information to
enable the technicians to deter
mine land capabilities, diagnose
the actual causes of the erosion
problems, and propose the right
combinations o f conservation
measures.
Progress made by these co
operators and the SCS techni
cians aiding them was greater
in 1950 than in 1949. which was
up to then the best year. This,
in spite of adverse weather
conditions that included the
late, wet spring. In the appli
cation of the planned soil con
servation measures they sur
passed 1949 in most instances.
Accomplishments by these co
operators with soil conservatior
districts mark a steady forging
ahead toward the goal of putting
their units in shape to conserve
the use of the greatest amount oi
water, control erosion, and im
prove the productivity of theii
k IB"
soil.
Over 1,470 of them have their
conservation plans fully estab
lished on the land. Others are
well along toward that goal. But
others, who have just begun co
operation with their soil conser
vation districts, still have a long
way to go.
One-Third Washed—
Approximately one-tnird of
the U.S. has been washed to the
foot of slopes, into streams, and
down to the ocean.
Land Suports It—
No community, no country,
can rise above the level of the
land that supports it.
The Frontier lor printing!
'ofe
DR. GILDERSLEEVE. OJ>
OPTOMETRIST
Permanent O'flooe h«
Hagenaick Building
Phone 1*7
O'NEILL NEBR.
Ev»« Examined . Qlaeaee Fitted
L"-1
---
!E. G. Jone* . . . "heat i* on
again."
AMAZING TEST PROVES
PIGS FED
FOXBILT
} PIGTRATE
1 CAN AVERAGE
, 15 EXTRA LBS.
1 AT WEANING TIME
! 586 Pigs Tested On 58 Farms in 7 States
i Actual records on 586 pigs raised under ordinary farm conditions,
PROVED that pigs fed on PIGTRATE and com from birth until they
\ were weaned at 8 weeks (56 days) averaged over 41 lbs. in weight—
/ or well over 15 lbs. above the national average for 8-week pigs. Can
I you afford NOT to feed Pigtrate this year?
HERE IS THE ACTUAL RECORD
Lf 1 u ... No. A*o.
Hint. «d Add.«. Pig. Weight Wt. Customers Name end Add.es. Pig. Weight Wt.
■ ' o~a ILLINOIS
Iff J, _ . . n. -j m-tft co c Harold Turner Maquon-—— 9 450 50
I ™ « 5 <>•-■•»«•«*•-« 357 3,3
fSeerly Helland. Gilbert-. 9 268 30 KANSAS
Burkett Bros., Dallas Center-9 416 46.2 Jed Denton, Denton---10 475 47.5
I Joe ALFier, Maquoketa ^ 279 31^ MISSOURI
} Fred Finger, OdeboU---------.15 776 51.7. H Lo„ar, jamesport.11 325 29.6
i Harry Dammann & Sons George.15 521 34.7 W. H. Landis, Faucett-11 415 37.7
I Herman Anderson Des Momes. 8 348 43 5 Francis Grooms St. Joseph. 9 414 46.0
l Jo* Rubner Eartville-. 8 440 55 W. G. Kirk, Plattsburg. 7 300 42.9
I John Otting, Bernard.10 ,
\ Arnold Kokemuller, Maquoketa- 9 461 512 Nebraska
I Claud Harrah, Eagle Grove-. 9 393 43.7 Lloyd patras, Brunswick- 8 408 51
I Emmett Krogh, Exira- 8 248 31 Gordon Johnson, Brunswick- 7 343
I Ellsworth Cizek, Traer-. 7 309 441 Martin Heinke, Talmage-’ 150 50
I Jack Houston, Mt. Pleasant-20 656 32 8 John fjun, Geneva-*- 7 309 44
I D. F Elliott, Oxford-11 429.5 39 Victor Bohuslarsky, Bellwood-11 480 43.6
f Gordon Shipment, Shell Rock.10 • 270 27 Gilbert janssen, Platte Center- 8 244 303
| Wallace Squiers, Chelsea-.10 3% 39 6 Bmce Qocken, Cedar Bluffs- 9 390 433
1 E. G. Wilcoxson, Lamoni- 9 378 42 Joe Radcliff, York- 7 300 42 8
A Leo Koenigsfeld, Ionia-21 1359 64.7 Gordon Watts, Edgar-11 456 41.5
I He,old Lee, Lime Springs-18 921.5 51.2 Elwood Martinson, Spencer- 7 213 30.5
■ Letalid Truka, Lime Springs-10 340 34 Roiland Shoultz, Schuyler- 8 286 33.7
a Henry Zobel, Mt. Auburn-10 412 41.2 Lloyd Gibson, O'Neill- 9 303 5 33 7
■ Norb Uhl, O'Neill-10 415 415
1 MINNESOTA u/icrnwxiw
■ Ahrta Schloesser, Le Center-—- 8 182 22.8 „ _ ii 429 y)JD
I Manin W.dd, Waseca. 9 404 44 9 J** —-g ™
I Kart Scheffier, Zumbrot.- 9 445 58.5 ££^sulE«SX- 8 368 46
1 Gw. Highum, Peterson-11 398 433 Chester Home Farms, Waterloo- 8 344 43
t Donald Greenfield, Klester-10 385 38.5 Zeno skaliztzky, Waterloo- 7 315 46
I Dwayne Benda & Son, West Concord- 9 370 41.1 Fred Wutke, Whitewater- 8 306
| Rodney Busch, Ellsworth.19 788 j 41.5 » Kenneth Wutke, Whitewater- 7 269 5
I Martin Vu*. Ellsworth- 6 308 5 49.8 J. Duffin. Whitewater-8 ZB?
1 ORDER YOUR PICTRATE NOWl
I NORB UHL, O’Neill
I FARMERS UNION STORE, Page
I ELKHORN VALLEY HAY CO., Inman
l FRED FORSLUND, Ewing
mwr&mntFmmr ■»> * ■■ — -
A group of high school agricultural students are studying
erosion that has taken place on a silty loam soil with moderate
slope. Lloyd E. Mitchell, state soil scientist, says the lar9est area
of this type soil if found northeast of Town Hall, in Shields town
ship, and northeast of Page. __
USED 32-VOLT FARM WELDERS
Drastically Reduced
Good As New — Guaranteed!
• Medium Size • Large Size
$20.00 to $35.00 $50.00 to $75.00
Used 30-Volt Motors
From one-sixth to one-half h.p. $5.00 Each
Write for complete prices and information.
HOESCH WELDING SUPPLY CO.
Lincoln. Nebr.. 919 "O'* St.—Phone 2-4838 !
REPAIR NO W!
Hen House
or Barn . * . 5
N
oig job or small job . . . * >
count on us! We’re stock- |p
ed to give you everything j
you need for your spring
building ... at a moment’s
notice.
Count on us for help in
estimating your needs and
or advice in solving your
problems.
There are No Restrictions
On Remodeling and Rebuilding
Non • Commercial Structures...
LIKE THE S OI L, I
your buildings and I
improvements need I
conservation atten- I
t i o n. By keeping P
your buildings in
good repair, by I
painting at regular
intervals, the value
of your property is
increased greatly. j
VERY LIKELY we
can help you fi
nance your project, '
too.
COME IN, talk it
over!
Welcome, Folks!
Holt Co. Soil Conservation
District
Holt Co. Extension Service
*r t t ^
Phone 74—O’Neill j
SPELTS-RAY
Lumber Co. I