_WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS
Mac Arthur Lands to Rule Japan;
Press Demands for Open Airing
Of Disaster at Pearl Harbor
____________ Heleased by Western Newspaper Union. — ——
tEDITOR'S NOTE: Whea splnlsna are expressed In these rnlomni. they arr those of
Western Newspaper Union's news anoltets and not nereosnrllv of this newspaper.)
In conference aboard U8K Missouri, Jap navy officers chart Tokyo bay
for Admiral Halsey’s staff preparatory to American fleet's triumphant
entry as part of General MacArtbur’s occupation force.
JAPAN:
Mac's Show
Cool as a cucumber, Gen. Douglas
MacArthur stepped from a trans
port plane at Japan’s Atsugi air
drome 20 miles southwest of Tokyo,
smoking bis large, corncob pipe.
Stopping to look around, he saw the
field abuzz with activity, as mem-^
bers of the 11th air borne division,
landing from scores of aircraft,
busied themselves for the occupa
tion.
Evidently pleased, Japan's new
boss then made his way forward,
stopping to greet Lieutenant Gen
eral Eichelberger, chief of the
U. S. 8th army, which had fought in
the Philippines. "Hello, Bob." were
his first words upon his historic
landing on enemy soil.
In landing to take over control of
Japan, U. S. forces looked upon an
extensive scene of devastation in
Tokyo and Yokohama, scorched by
repeated B-29 and naval carrier
raids. Unlike Europe where splin
tered masonry cluttered every
thing, charred hulks and ashes were
all that remained from thousands of
Oriental frame buildings Whole
areas were burned out, with only
buildings encompassed by spacious
walks, lawns or clearings spared
from the roaring flames which once
swept block upon block.
Despite the widespread damage,
Japanese held their heads high in
contrast to the Germans, who had
humbled themselves in an effort to
please their conquerors. Peering
from windows as G.I.s streamed by,
or walking the streets, or setting
up temporary shelters from salvaged
tin, the little brown people remained
perfectly composed with typical
Oriental indifference
Promising to match MarAr
thnr’i landing at Atsugi airfield
in abeer drama was the sched
uled surrender ceremonies
aboard the (TKS Missouri in
Tokyo bay. with Lt. Gen. Jona
than Wainwrtght, rescued from
a prison camp In Manchuria,
present to witness the capitula
tion of the haughty imperial staff
which dictate.il terms to him up
on the fall of Corregidor over
three years ago.
LEND-LEASE:
Asks Write-Off
In asking congress to write off the
42 billion dollar lend-lease program,
constituting 15 per cent of the total
U. S. war expense, President Harry
S. Truman declared that adequate
repayment not only had been made
by recipients through their war ef
forts, but also through their agree
ment to promote international trade
through a lowering of tariff and oth
er barriers.
Further, the chief executive said
that if so huge a debt were to be
added to the financial obligations al
ready incurred by Allied notions,
it would react disastrously upon our
own trade, decreasing production
and employment at home.
Whereas there once was talk that
the U. S. would retake tanks, trucks
or machine tools lend-leased, top of
ficials said, little of such material
will be retrieved since reclamation
would only add to the mounting
stockpiles of war surplus in this
country. Of the 42 billion dollars of
lend-lease, against which the U. S.
obtained only 5t4 billion dollars in
corresponding aid, half was in mili
tary supplies and the remainder in
civilian goods like food
OCCUPY RICH LAND:
The first Japanese soil to feel the
Impact of American occupation
com«*« within a region which would
have been a prime military prize
while the war was on.
Atsugi airport, where the Yanks
landed, lies in the southwest section
of the Kwanto or Tokyo plain, nor
mally Japan’s most productive farm
and industrial region. Nearly 10
miles inland from Sagami bay, this
site is only 20 miles southwest of
the capital and largest city, Tokyo.
PEARL HARBOR:
Rap Report
Despite release by army and navy
boards of inquiry of 200,000 word re
ports covering tne
Pearl Harbor disas
ter of December 7,
1941, congressional
circles remained
dissatisfied over
findings, demand
ing open trials of
principals involved
and access to infor
mation upon which
the investigators
Gen. Marshall based their conclu
sions.
No sooner had the reports been
made public, adding the names of
Gen. George C. Marshall, Adm
Harold C. Stark and former Secre
tary of State Cordell Hull to those
of Maj. Gen. Walter C Short and
Rear Adm. Husband E. Kimmel for
failure to take proper precautions,
than Chairman May (Denv, Ky.) of
the house military affairs committee
declared he would not stand for
•'any whitewash " The people are
entitled to know the whole truth
based on all the fncts, he said.
On the other side of congress,
Senator Taft (Rep., Ohio) asserted
the reports left a lot to be told,
and full evidence studied by the
courts of inquiry should be revealed
now that military security no long
er is involved.
Issuance of the report hod other
repercussions, too. President Harry
S. Truman and Secretary of War
Henry Stimson took strong excep
tion to the censure of General Mar
shall, the two terming criticism of
the army chief of staff "entirely un
justified” while praising his "great
skill. energy and efficiency"
throughout the Pearl Harbor epi
sode.
In naming General Marshall, the
investigators charged he failed to
keep General Short. Hawaiian army
commander, fully advised as to the
growing tenseness of the Japanese
situation; failed to send him addi
tional instructions after the U. S.
ultimatum to Tokyo made war in
evitable; failed to furnish him on
the evening of December 6 and
morning of December 7 with critical
intelligence indicating a rupture of
relations with Nippon, and failed to
look into and determine the state of
readiness in Hawaii during the crit
ical period.
Then chief of naval operations but
since retired, Admiral Stark was
censured for delaying a warning of
an impending attack on Pearl Har
bor by sending it by cable rather
than telephone. The two hours dif
ference in transmission would have
enabled the navy to make prepara
tions for the assault.
In singling out Hull, the boards
averred that he might have conduct
ed negotiations with
Jap Emissaries No
mura and Kurusu
differently to gain
precious time for
the army and navy
to gird for action.
To crown the
navy’s negligence,
pointed up by fail
ure to take proper
precautions even
after being apprized
of a Jap task force’s Cordell Hull
presence in near Hawaiian waters,
subordinate officers did not report
the sinking of an enemy submarine
in outer Pearl Harbor the morning
of the fateful attack to the army.
Insect Repellents
DDT is the most effective insecti
cide yet tried for bedbug control, ac
cording to information to the Na
tional Association of Housing Of
ficials. This fact was determined at
the end of an eight months’ experi
ment. involving more than 3,000 in
fested dwelling units in 35 develop
ments throughout the country.
In most cases, it was found, hous
ing units treated with a 4 per cent
solution of DDT in deodorized kero
j sene are protected against reinfesta
j tion for at least 00 days.
WAR CRIMES:
List Defendants
Not as blustery as he was when
Germany ruled the European roost,
Relchsmarshal Hermann Goering
topped the list of 24 Nazis sched*
uled for trial as war criminals ear
ly in October.
Named with Goering was a gal
axy of former Nazi bigwigs accused
of preparing the nation financially
and industrially for war; scheming
diplomatically for advantage; regi
menting the nation internally, and
leading the German armed legions
into attack.
Next to Goering, Rudolph Hess,
Hitler’s choice for his successor be
fore he flew to Scotland in a vain
effort to receive Allied support for
an attack on Russia, heads up the
list of defendants. Close behind are
Joachim von Ribbentrop, who, as
foreign minister, directed Nazi
diplomacy; Martin Bormann, head
of the people's army; Franz von
Papen, big shot in German politics
and master of international in
trigue; Adm. Karl Doenitz, who di
rected U-boat warfare, and Field
Marshal Wilhelm Kietel, chief of
the wehrmacht.
Joint U. K.. British, Russian
and French plans to try the ac
cused before an international
military tribunal in the former
Nazi shrine of Nuerenberg, how
ever, did not meet with the full
approval of many distinguished
members of the American Bar
asaoelation.
Declaring that Allied procedure
was without historical precedent, P.
F. Gault, constitutional and inter
national law expert, said the sys
tem of trial offered a dangerous pat
tern which might be followed in the
future against the President of the
U. S. down to ordinary citizens. Un
der procedure established, trials
may be held outside the presence of
the accused; no appeal is provided
against Judgment; the tribunal may
admit any evidence it wishes, and
also determine the relevancy of tes
timony.
Working Capital Up
Well heeled to meet reconver
sion problems, U. S. corpora
tions possessed almost 47 billion
dollars worth of working capital
on March 31, the Securities and
Exchange commission reported.
Of the total of almost 47 bil
lion dollars, SEC said nearly 25
billion dollars was in cash on
hand or in banks. Holdings of
government securities showed a
slight drop to almost 20 billion
dollars, still substantially in ex
cess of tax liabilities of about
16 billion dollars.
In addition to current work
ing capital, corporations have
been promised further incre
ments through income and ex
cess profits credits; allowances
for stepped-up debt retirement
of emergency facilities, and pro
visions for new figuring of base
period returns for excess profit
determination
POSTWAR ARMY:
Asks Draft
Even as President Harry S. Tru
man asked for an extension of draft
of men 18 through 25 for two-year
periods of service to provide re
placements for dischargees, both
the army and navy announced revi
sion of their plans to step up the
release of enlisted personnel and of
ficers.
With congressional sentiment for
extension of the draft still lukewarm,
Mr. Truman declared that the army
would be unable to meet postwar
demands through volunteering if dis
charges were to continue at an ap
preciable rate to relieve present sol
diers from extensive overseas serv
ice. To speed up recruiting, how
ever. the President recommended
that the regular army ceiling of
280,000 be raised and inducements
offered volunteers.
Meanwhile, the army revealed
plans for lowering the point-stand
ard for discharge from 85 to 80 to
bring about release of 6,050.000 G.I.s
by next July. Assuming there will
be 500,000 new draftees and 300,000
volunteers, army strength would be
pegged at 2.500,000 men.
In addition In announcing that
the point score for enlisted per
sonnel would be cut, the army
disclosed that officers hereaft
er would also be discharged on a
genera] basis rather than after
individual review of their need
as at present. Further, the
army said no men with 60 or
more points would be sent over
seas and the discharge age
would be lowered from 38 years.
To help expedite discharges of
2,839,000 men within the next year,
the navy announced a revision of
its point-scores to include overseas
duty. Previously, it had been
planned to release between 1.500,000
and 2.500,000 men within 12 to 18
months.
FARM TAXES:
Average farm real estate taxes
per acre increased over 3 per cent
from 1943 to 1944, the first increase
since the outbreak of the war, with
tlie index of real estate taxes per
acre for the U. S. (1909-13-100) ad
vancing from 178 in 1943 to 184 in
1944. Since 1934 average taxes per
acre have varied within very nar
row limits and although the increase
in 1944 is the sharpest within this
period the index still does not ex
ceed the high points for the period,
which were 186 in 1937 and 1939.
!
Washington Dipestj
Allied Occupation of
Germany Thankless Job I
Methods for Restoring Normalcy to Reich '
Meet With Criticism From Smaller
Liberated Nations of Europe.
By BAUK1IAGE
News Analyst and Commentator.
WNIJ Service. 1616 I Street N. W„
Washington. I). C.
With the fanfare accompanying the
first steps of the occupation of Japan
now dying on the Pacific breezes,
some hints of the heavy responsibili
ties of Uncle Sam's European
problems begin to appear.
Already the small nations which
were occupied by the Axis and
whose peoples resisted the Nazi-Fas
cist yoke are being heard from in
a rising chorus of complaint and
criticism against the Allies.
Belgium and Holland are perhaps
loudest in their charges of what they
feel is discrimination against them
in favor of their former enemy
neighbor, but voices are raised as
far away as Greece and Yugoslav
ia, which say that Germany and
Italy should not receive material
assistance on the same basis as the
once-occupied countries.
The charges from Holland are the
most specific. The Netherlands gov
ernment has presented claims for a
share in both the external and in
ternal assets of Germany as repara
tions The note handed the Allies
asks for immediate return of loot
now within the occupied zones in
Germany, which the Dutch claim is
listed and identifiable. They say that
parts of their country were stripped
bare of capital and consumer goods;
that some of the former, such as
machinery, is now being used to the
advantage of the Germans.
In addition to the formal protest.
Col. J. C. A. Faure, deputy chief of
staff of the Netherlands civil affairs
administration, was quoted in Lon
don as saying that the Allied mili
tary governors were playing into
German hands when they prevented
the Dutch, Belgians and French
from reclaiming immediately ma
chinery and other property stolen
from them by the Nazi armies.
He said that protests to SHAEF,
while it existed, were fruitless “and
when the new child (Ihe British and
American occupation organization)
was born it was too young.” He ex
plained it was understandable that
since the Allied commanders in their
respective spheres have their hands
full in creating order out of chaos in
Germany, each wants to do a good
Job, and for that reason doesn’t want
to lose any material aid that will
help. But that doesn’t provide much
comfort for the Dutch or Belgian
farmer who looks across the fron
tier and sees a German peasant driv
ing home a cow which he swears he
knows is his by its crumpled horn
and the spot on its rump. The same
applies to the factory owner who is
positive his property is turning
wheels in Germany.
Army Aim:
Speed Job
From sources in close touch with
conditions in Germany I heard this
example which pretty well echoes
Dutch explanatibns but doesn’t solve
their problem. For instance: An Al
lied commander moves into a Ger
man town. One of the first things
he wants is light and power. His
men repair the power plant. Later
it is claimed that the main dynamo
was stolen from Holland. That is
not the commander's affair. Light
ing the town is. His job is to re
store the place as nearly as possible
to a self-supporting community.
But that is not the end, for the
restoration of European economy as
a whole is of vital importance and
naturally those nations which suf
fered under the German heel feel
they should have first call on the
sinews of normality, especially
when those sinews were tom from
their body economic by Nazi hands.
On this score there have already
been rumblings of complaint against
the American occupation. Already
the wheels of German factories are
turning in the American zone. The
purpose is to manufacture goods
and provide services required to
keep the occupation forces going and
to supply the minimum needs of the
community.
The Germans have to have shovels
and hoes and rakes if they are to
till their fields and cultivate their
gardens in order to get enough food
to live on. These tools, if made and
sold, would be in competition with
goods the Americans make But
there are not enough ships to carry
a vast supply of such products
across the Atlantic and besides
BARBS . . . by Baukhnge
Now that we can get ’em by the
carton, a lot of us will go back to
a pack a day and be satisfied
The administration is approach
ing the proposed labor - manage
ment - government conference wdth
gloves on — not boxing gloves, but
that is what they are afraid they
might need unless the animals are
tamed in advance.
Business Week predicts a boom by
next summer. Remember '29 —
what goes up comes down. Mean
while there may be tough going.
Which is another good argument for
keeping those war bonds and buy
ing more.
The honeymoon may be over in
Washington but the bills are just
coming in to congress.
America hat a big waiting demand
of her own. Therefore, in many
cases German capital may be used
to resuscitate German factories and
Germany money will buy its prod
ucts. The Americans are doing ev
erything to facilitate this type of re
construction (light industry and
manufacture of household equip
ment). If necessary and they can
do it, they will see that a missing
shaft or flywheel is obtained some
how. They permit the Germans to
combine partly damaged factories
into one complete plant They en
courage reconversion of certain
plants from wartime to civilian use.
It so happens that of all the occu
pied zones the one which the Ameri
cans control is capable of creating
most easily a balanced economy.
It is a land of small towns and vil- (
lages. most of which were not im- :
portant enough to have been i
bombed. It is a land of cattle and
of orchards, of fields and meadows.
It is highly probable that with
American organization to guide the
people this area will be the first to
regain a fairly normal life.
If we don’t help the Germans,
we’ll be criticized for fumbling; the
occupation will be made more dif
ficult. If we do help, we will be
under heavy criticism from the peo
ples of less fortunate areas and
charged with treating the former
enemy better than we treat our
friends.
The British operate in a far less
favorable area, for they have the
bombed-out Ruhr on their hands and
they control a territory whose exist
ence depended on industries which
no longer exist and which will not
be permitted to exist in the future.
Such factories as they can operate
to make the community self-sup- I
porting may well be equipped in part I
with stolen machinery.
Russ Strip
German Industry
The pattern of Russian occupation
is quite different. The Russians know
what they are doing in their zone.
They are treating the "little people”
with kindliness, assuring them that
they need have no fear of oppres
sion. Their apparent intention is to
divide up the land and give the Ger
mans a chance to win a livelihood
from the soil, meanwhile giving
them a thorough indoctrination in
the advantages of the Soviet form of
government. At the same time they
are removing every movable piece
of machinery to Russia.
Meanwhile. Poland will be allowed
to scrape together such German ag
ricultural equipment as she can sal
vage in East Prussia. Disease is
rampant in Poland; there are short
ages in all kinds of equipment. The
Germans took most of the agricul
tural machinery; much of the rest
was destroyed and the whole coun
try wrecked. The other next-door
'c-ighbors have not even such an
opportunity to recuperate their
losses.
And so the Americans will prob
ably bear the onus of helping the for
mer enemy most of all, although
their only intent is to carry out the
program agreed upon by the Allies.
America wants no loot. She does
want all she can get in the way of
important formulae: all she can
learn of German methods; all of the
ideas which can be adapted success
fully to American life Already
some valuable scientific information
has been obtained and in many
cases the German scientists, with
that disinterested attitude character
istic of their profession, are quite as
willing to work in an American lab
oratory as they were in one run by
the Nazis. America also wants to
finish her occupation job and get
out A part of that job is to make
the Germans self-supporting.
Thus, it is quite likely that an
other complaint will be raised that
we are forming too friendly a bond
with people of a nation the world
came to detest so thoroughly
« • •
In the years 1940-43, a total of
7,851 persons were killed in farm
accidents in the U S Machinery
caused 47 per cent of the deaths, j
livestock 20 per cent, and all other
causes 33 per cent. Wisconsin was j
the most dangerous state for farm :
workers, with 502 killed in four i
years; and New York had 456 acci- '
dental farm deaths
Aluminum Paint to
Improve Old Farms
Delay Deterioration
By Proper Painting
One of the most common tell
tale signs of deterioration on the
farm is blistered and peeling paint.
Yet, paint does remain one of the
quickest and most practical of
"repair” materials and the best
way of stopping deterioration.
The average farmer does not re
paint his service buildings oftener
Paint adds to life of building.
than every 10 years. Cheap white
paints will not last that long.
Aluminum paint is recommended
for agricultural uses because it can
be applied satisfactorily to almost
any kind of paintable surface. It
serves equally well on steel, wood,
brick, concrete, plaster, wallboard,
galvanized iron, asphalt roofing and
even canvas.
Aluminum paint is an effective
temperature reducer. A coat on the
roof of an uninsulated building will
reduce the interior temperature of
that building by as much as 10 to
14 degrees. The reduction is effec
tive in a chicken coop, hog house,
dairy barn, milk or egg building or
the home. Because aluminum paint
reflects approximately 70 per cent of
the heat striking it, roof tempera
ture as high as 140 degrees can be
reduced to 95 or 100 degrees.
Because of its high moisture
proofing powers and its ability to
withstand washing as well as con
stant exposure to steam, fume and
other corrosive agencies, aluminum
paint has long been widely applied in
dairies and similar plants. It is also
used to protect all kinds of farm
equipment and machinery.
Catch Boring Waste
When using a brace and bit to
bore a bole in wood that is over
head, and prevent the borings from
falling into the eyes, a funnel may
be utilized. The bit extends through
the funnel, giving it freedom, but
holds the cup in place.
Postwar Machinery
Track Tractors
Postwar farm tractor, designed by
B. F. Goodrich, combining the slecK
ness of a racing auto and the rugged
track-laying ability of the famous
military half-track. The self-track
iaying tractors move at high speed
on highways, and are said to have a
drawbar pull nearly twice as great
as that of wheels and exert lighter
pressure per unit of ground contact
which reduces soil packing.
Saves Apples by Air
By applying the principle of the
gas mask to protect apples in stor
age, apple growers may save thou
sands of dollars annually, accord
ing to research work conducted
at Cornell university.
The conditioning prevents storage ;
apples from developing a “scald" I
disease, which causes the fruit to
becosie unsightly and to lose mar
ket value. One of the greatest prob
lems of apple storage has been the
formation of gases causing damage.
Sideways Through Canal
Although the larger floating dry
docks of the U. S. navy are too
wide to enter the locks of the
Panama canal, the job of towing
one through this waterway was ac
complished recently by Ailing one
of its hollow side walls with water
and tilting the huge craft on its
side.
CLASSIFIED
DEPARTMENT
HELP WANTED—WOMEN
BEAUTY OPERATORS
Excellent opportunity with growth con
cern. Establish yourself now for a lucra
tive postwar Job. Your earnings will be
high now. and your future secure.
MAISON LORENCO, INC.
% J. L. Brandeindc Sons. Omaha. Nebraska,
or Gold & Co.. Lincoln. Nebraska.
EXPERIENCED GIRL WANTED
for general housework. No i..umirn
IRVING JENSEN. IKIOl Country t'lob Bird
Sioux City, Iowa - 7-17TO
-d
FARM MACHINERY & EQUIP.
Grain Elevator Machinery
and supplies of all kinds.
Truck Lifts. Head Drives, HeKiBg.
Cups, Boots. Welding. Trucks Seales,
Pain. Roof Coating
T. S. McSHANE CO.
1113-17 Howard St. Omaha Nebraska
Phone: JAckson 1378.
FARMS AND RANCHES_
FOR salt: Very highly improved, all
modern, Gage Co. 460 acre grain fk live
stock farm. 260 acres crop land, one-half
bottom, 100 acres plowed for wheat. Flow
ing well in feed-lot, 8.000 bu. elevter. Price
$46,000. Ill health reason for selling
HOMER WENZEL. Beatrice, Nebr.. Hi. K
HOME FURNISHINGS & APPLE
REPAIRS
FOR ANY STOVE
FURNACE or BOILER
Prompt dhipaip.ntg 81nce 1S82
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LOWE* WINOOW
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CATCHtSTHf
THE TANGLEFOOT COMPANY, Srend Wepkfc 4, Mick
of cues showed yV ,
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ment after only 10 *
days treatment with
SORETONE in impartial,
scientific test.
Mids by McXssson t Robbins
Sold with sioooy back guaraotai
Do you suffer
from MONTHLY
I NERVeyS TENSION
« with its weok, tired feelings? f
It functional periodic disturbance* ^
make you leel nervous, tired, restless-— t
at such times—try thla great medicine *,
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Jjjdi&CXPonJihwniA cumpuund
WNU—U 36—4f
Watch Yo
Kidneys/
Help Them ('leanse the Blood
of Harmful Body Waste
Your kidneys are constantly filtering
_eys
waste matter from the blood stream. But
kidneys sometimes lag in their work—do
not act as Nature intended-—fait to re
move impurities that, if retained, may
poison the system and upset the whole
body machinery.
Symptoms may be nagging backache,
persistent headache, attacks of dii-zinesa.
getting up nights, swelling, puuineaa
under the eyes—a feeling of nervous
anxiety and loss of pep and strength.
Other signs of kidney or bladder dis
order are sometimes burning, scanty or
too frequent urination.
There should be no doubt that prompt
treatment is wiser than neglect. Use
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Are recommended by grateful people the
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<1
