-WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS-1
U. S. Fleet Secures Mac Arthur's
Supply Lines to Philippines;
Authorize More Civilian Goods
Released by Western Newspaper Union. .
(EDITOR'S NOTE: When eplnlens are expressed In these columns, they are those of
Western Newspaper Union's news analysts and not necessarily of this newspaper.)
U. S. Doughboy is shown knocking out Nail tank with batooka on
western front.
EUROPE:
Clearing Holland
Pushed back In France and Bel
gium, the Germans were being
shoved out of their last holdings in
Holland by Canadian and British
troops applying a double squeeze on
some 60,000 Nazis in the southwest
ern part of the country.
Only in Holland was there major
action on the western front, with
rain and snow bogging U. S. drives
about Aachen, Metz and the Vosges
mountains.
Even though the British 2nd army
had overrun the entire eastern sec
tion of Holland in a drive that the
Nazis only stopped at the gateway
to their Important Ruhr valley, the
Germans held their ground in the
western part of the country for the
purpose of denying the Allies use of
the great North sea ports for the
supply of their onrushing armies.
Principal port denied the Allies was
Antwerp, which the Nazis blocked
off by occupying both sides of the
Schelde river leading inland to the
city. Dotting one side of the Schelde
are the Walcheren and South Beve
land islands, connected to the main
land by a causeway below Bergen
Op Zoom. In attempting to knock
the Germans out of their strategic
positions along both sides of the
Schelde, Canadian troops cut into
the enemy’s defenses on the south
bank of the river, and fought to cap
ture the causeway below Bergen Op
Zoom and cut off island communi
cations with the mainland.
Meanwhile, British troops smashed
through Nazi defenses to the north,
with the aim of racing toward the
Speaking in lite home oj com
mons after his conference with Josef
Stalin in Moscow, Prime Minister
Churchill declared: “l'ncorulitional
surrender in the sense of no bar
gaining with the enemy is still the
policy of the government
sea and thus cutting off all German
troops along the Schelde to the
south.
Capture of Antwerp and Rot*
terdam would give the Allies at least
two great ports for tunneling in sup
plies for the drive on Germany and
relieve the need for a reliance on
smaller, crowded facilities.
Slow Going in Italy
In Italy, German Field Marshall
Albert Kcsselring seemed to be
pulling his lines Aiorthward in a
slow, withdrawing movement hinged
on the big communications hub of
Bologna, as Allied troops pushed
further through the mud onto the
broad plains of the Po valley.
Russ Reach Norway
Norway was the latest European
state to be invaded by the Russians,
with Gen. K. A. Meretskov's north
ern Red army driving into the
Arctic port of Kirkenes in the wake
of its abandonment by 25,000 Nazi
troops.
Russian entrance Into Norway co
incided with the Reds' all-out of
fensive against East Prussia, noted
wooded and lake country of the
Junker military caste. Calling pan
zer formations into action along
roadways leading to the heart of
the province, the Germans sought to
stall the Russians’ advance west
ward. originally paced by an esti
mated 600 tanks.
Compelled to throw additional
forces in Hungary to stave off the
Russian drive on Budapest, the Ger
mans fought hard to protect the
broad gateway to Austria from the
western end of the country. In
raging tank battles, the enemy suc
ceeded in slowing the Red advance
50 miles from Budapest.
PACIFIC:
Save Communications
Long in hiding. Japan's imperial
navy came out for battle in an ef
fort to smash the American supply
line to General Douglas MacArthur's
forces in the Philippines, and limped
ofT in defeat as the U. S. 3rd and 7th
fleets shattered the attack and se
cured the vital communications.
The Japs' attack took the shape
of a three-pronged assault, with one
enemy force coming in through the
narrow Surlgao straits south of
Leyte; the second driving in through
the San Bernardino straits north of
Leyte, and the third heading south
ward from Formosan waters.
Apprised of the Japs’ approach by
alert U. S. carrier planes, Vice Adm.
Thomas C. Kinkaid divided his out
numbered 7th fleet into two forces,
which, with the aid of carrier planes,
dealt the enemy a telling blow be
fore he could fully develop his at
tack. Meanwhile, Adm. William F.
Halsey's 3rd fleet, made up of war
ships, carriers and subs, caught
the Japs sailing down from For
mosa.
After the smoke of battle had
cleared, two Jap carriers, two
battleships, five cruisers and
three destroyers were sunk, with
three more warships probably
sunk and a dosen damaged. For
their part, the Japs claimed to
have primarily struck trans
ports and landing craft.
As the crippled Jap fleet limped
homeward licking its wounds. Gen
eral MacArthur’s ground forces con
solidated their hold on Leyte island
despite mounting enemy resistance
and also strengthened their grip on
Samar island Just across the San
Juanico straits.
HOME FRONT:
News for Consumers
On the home-front, consumers
heard this news:
There will be less meat for civil
ians in November but more of the
better grades. There will be less
cheese but the same amount of but
ter as In October.
Approximately 800 plants were
authorized to produce 152 million
dollars of civilian goods during the
next year.
Infants* and children’s clothes
were expected to be in greater sup
ply next January, February and
March. Cotton textile controls will
be maintained after Germany’s de
feat.
Possessing available facilities
and labor, the 800 plants will be
permitted to manufacture vac
uum cleaners, bed springs and
Inncrspring mattresses, auto
motive parts, building materials,
plumbing and heating Items,
household aluminum ware, elec
tric irons, lamps, lawn mowers,
furniture, church goods, fountain
pens and sporting goods.
Because of pent-up demand, made
even more formidable by swollen
purchasing power, the amount of
goods authorized represents virtual
ly a drop in the bucket.
To assure production of more in
fants’ and children’s wear for the
first three months of 1945. the War
Production board moved to release
sufficient material for 30,000,000 gar
ments, and also laid down specifica
tions for the type of goods and work
manship to be employed.
The WPB hurried the program
even as its chairman, J. A. Krug,
announced that because of drops in
output of cotton textiles due to labor
difficulties, controls will be extended
after Germany’s downfall to prevent
acute shortages.
ODT Says Women Are Different, After All
Roue the Riveter notwithstanding,
there's u basic difference between
men and women workers, the Office
of Defrnse Transportation says.
In a bulletin to employers, the
ODT says: “The average woman
differs from the average man in cer
tain physical, psychological and ex
perience factors which have a direct
bearing upon her ability. . . ."
For instance. ODT points out, the
elbow and the knee are constructed
differently in women, partially ac
counting for their tendency to grasp
tools differently from men and be
less steady on their feet.
According to ODT, most women
are handicapped in the men's world
because they never play with me
chanical toys, mow lawns or drive
heavier vehicles. Because of their
sewing and other finer tasks, how
ever, they possess greater manual
dexterity, ODT concludes.
SURPLUS HOLDINGS:
Disposal Problem
With U. S. holdings of Industrial
facilities amounting to about 16Vi
billion dollars — or 20 per cent ol
the total private and public facili
ties in the country — the govern
mcnt already has taken steps foi
disposal of its properties in the post
war period.
Difficulties are expected to ris*
in the sale of the bulk of such facili
ties as aircraft, shipbuilding, and
munitions, however, since these in
dustries have been greatly expanded
to meet wartime requirements,
which will drop sharply with peace.
Of the government's 3 billior
dollar investment in war housing,
permanent buildings must be sold
when no longer needed, and fabri
cated structures must be dis
mantled, with materials made pari
of general surplus property.
ROAD BUILDING:
Huge Program
With urgent highway construction
in the early postwar years exceed
ing 10 billion dollars, the vast quan
tities of labor, material and equip
ment needed for carrying on the
program should act as a stabilizing
factor In the future economy, the
American Hoad Builders associ
ation’s engineer-director, Charles
M. Upham, declared.
By next October, the states will
have drawn up plans for one billion
dollars of highway construction de
ferred because of the war, and city,
county and local road projects will
amount to another billion.
“Postwar plans of business and
industry call for greater production
and distribution of goods," Upham
said. "That means roads and streets
must carry greater burdens. Ob
viously, inadequate roads and
streets will hold back business and
industrial activity."
Finds Home
Infant aon of a Yank aviator killed
In action, and of a mother who died
In giving him birth, tiny Kenneth
Maloney was taken by maternal
grandparents, who were later
killed by robot bomb in London.
Army then flew six-month-old Ken
neth to paternal grandmother In
Grand Rapids, Mich., who is shown
putting him tc bed while 22-month
old cousin Terry looks on.
RIG DEAL:
$161,000,000 Check
Wall street gave way to LaSalle
street when the Commonwealth Edi
son company refinanced 180 million
dollars’ worth of bonds in the big
gest private financing operation in
the nation’s history.
Featuring the deal was the pur
chase for resale of 155 million dol
lars of new bonds by the big Chi
cago investment house of Halsey,
Stuart & company, which with Otis
St company of Cleveland, Ohio, has
been bucking the great Wall street
banking Irms. In completing the
transaction. Halsey, Stuart’s presi
dent handed Commonwealth’s repre
sentative a check for 101 million dol
lars. also covering Interest due on
the bonds and the premium paid for
getting the business.
In addition to th-3 155 million dol
lars refunded with new bonds.
Commonwealth retired an addition
al 23 million dollars of securities
with its own cash.
RAIL RATES:
Wants Boosts
Supporting their petition for con
tinuance of the 10 per cent increase
in passenger fares, and immediate
application of the 4Ms per cent
freight rate boost, railroad rep
resentatives declared the carriers
faced decreasing revenues when war
traffic subsides.
Previously, federal agricultural
agencies opposed the freight rate in
creases on the strength of continued
high .’arm traffic for at least two
years after the war.
Unless rail revenue is bolstered
by rate increases, said Vice Presi
dent Walter S. Franklin of the
Pennsylvania railroad, the financial
structure of the carriers will be seri
ously impaired in the postwar years,
with the result being " a very
much less effective operation, and a
serious impairment of the railroads’
ability . , , to be ready to do their
part in meeting the employment
problem after the war.”
BRITISH I.AND
Steering clear of any political
battle between conservatives and
liberals that might upset the present
coalition government, Britain's
house of commons passed a bill for
postwar reconstruction.
Passage was aimed at avoiding
an all-out battle between the two
political elements over the bill's pro
vision that landlords only be paid
prewar prices for land condemned
for reconstruction use, with in
creases up to 30 per cent for occupy
ing owners.
Washington Di9cst>
War-Making Powers Issue
In Peace Organization
Big Question ts Whether Congress Can
Delegate Function to U. S. Repre
sentative on World Council.
By BAUKHAGE
\ftti Analyst and Commentator.
WNC Service, Union Trust Building,
Washington. D. C.
When the last election bet is col
lected; when the echoes of the windi
est argument have died on the No
vember breeze, a lot of people will
believe that when they cast their
ballots on November 7 they were
deciding the question of whether
America was to join an effective
world organization to preserve
peace.
Not at all.
It was plain long before the
election that the question of wheth
er the United States was willing to
Join an international organization
with teeth in it did not depend on
the candidate selected.
The day in October that Senator
Ball, Republican of Minnesota, an
nounced that he would vote for
Franklin Roosevelt and not for Dew
ey for President, we had a press
and radio conference in his office in
the Senate Office building. As we
crowded five deep around Ball's
desk, somebody remarked: “He
ought to have used the caucus
room.” Except that Ball is inclined
to keep his head down like a bull,
instead of his chin out like a bull
dog. the young, former newspaper
Sen. Joseph Ball
man who has served four years In
the senate (two years by appoint
ment) reminds me a little of Wen
dell Willkie.
There were a number of hard
boiled, anti-internationalists among
the reporters in the room and some
were a little cynical in their atti
tude. But they agreed that Ball was
sincere, that he was taking the step
he took not because of, but in spite
of, politics. Of course, he comes
from a state where they aren’t quite
so adamant about party lines and
he won't be up for election himself
for four years anyway. When he
was asked if he hoped to run again
on the Republican ticket he said he
did but that depended on what atti
tude the party in Minnesota took.
All during that conference there
wasn’t a word asked about the issue
behind the issue—the step which this
country has to take, the decision it
has to make regarding our own pol
icy toward extending the powers
over the use of our armed forces to
another organ beside congress. And
I think it might be well to take up
point by point the Ball-Roosevelt
Dewey controversy and see just
what issues are involved.
Says FDR Met
Issues Squarely
In the first place. It will be re
called that Ball was one of the "B2
H2” combination which carried on
the bipartisan drive to force the
senate foreign relations committee
to act on a resolution favoring the
creation of an international organi
zation to preserve the peace. ,,B2
H2," if you have forgotten, stood for
Senators Burton. Republican. Ohio;
Ball, Republican, Minnesota; Hatch.
Democrat, New Mexico; and Hill.
Democrat of Alabama.
Then the BH quartet, again gen
erously assisted, set forth to keep
the foreign relations issue out of the
campaign This was done with a
fair degree of success but not en
tirely to suit Senator Ball. He arose
and declared that he wouldn’t de
cide whether he would support Dew
ey until he had heard both presiden
tial candidates speak on the subject.
He listened to two one-half-hour
speeches by Dewey and then, after
the one by Roosevelt before the For
eign Policy association, said he
would support Roosevelt because
Roosevelt met "squarely and un
equivocally the two vital and con
troversial issues on which the isola
tionists kept us out of the League
of Nations and will fight our entry
into the United Nations security or
ganization. He insisted that the
United Nations organization be
formed without delay, before hostili
ties cease, and that it be granted
power to use military force against
future aggressors without requiring
individual approval of each mem
ber nation.”
Senator Ball went on to say that
Governor Dewey "has opposed de
lay but has not met squarely the
second vital issue. He has spoken
for a strong international security
organization, but in each speech has
so worded his commitment that
both Internationalists and isolation
ists could find comfort and support
in what he said.”
I quote that paragraph at length
since it Is quite possible that you
have not seen It in print—I copied
it from Ball's own statement—and
because I think a great many peo
ple, some of whom supported Mr.
Roosevelt, forgot that he was for
going the "whole hog” and that
"whole hog” in Mr. Ball's language
and the language of those who are
going to fight for this organisation in
the congress, may mean more than
some people realize. It shouldn’t to
anyone who heard or read Mr.
Roosevelt’s speech and took it seri
ously—but we don’t always take po
litical speeches seriously. The Pres
ident said the American member
of the Security Council pf the Unit
ed Nations, which would be made
up of eleven member nations, should
"be empowered in advance by the
people themselves, by constitutional
means through their representatives
in congress, with authority to act.”
Constitutional
Procedure Involved
This is generally interpreted as
meaning:
(1) Congress would pass a law
stating that if the American repre
sentative on the Security Council felt
that American military forces (with
those of other members of the or
ganization) should be used against
an aggressor he had the power to
commit this government to order
such support. In other words, to en
ter into what might amount to war,
later on.
(2) Congress would likewise pass
a law permitting the majority vote
of the Security Council to supersede
the vote of the American represent
ative, to use American (and other)
military forces against an aggres
sor.
As to point two, if the Russians
had their choice as expressed in the
conferences at Dumbarton Oaks this
clause would not be effective—they
argue that no step should be taken
by the council without the unani
mous agreement of the great pow
ers. In other words, the single vote
of the representative of Britain,
Russia, China and the United States,
at least, could veto any step pro
posea.
But the representatives of Great
Britain and the United States at
Dumbarton Oaks said that they
were both willing to make majority
rule the basis of action. It is corn
ceivable that if Russia were con
vinced that the United States was
wholeheartedly in the organization,
she would come around to th; i view.
So far the question of the c onstitu
tionality of a law which would arm
the American delegate to the Se
curity Council with the necessary
powers, has not been debated The
New York Times points out that the
Constitution designates to congress
the unique power to declare war.
except when American territory is
invaded; but does not state that the
use of force cannot be delegated.
In any case the chief question is
whether the people will have the
courage to venture into this new
realm wherein the United States
government would accept the ma
jority wishes of a group of world
states. Just as we accept the wishes
of the majority of congress.
BRIEFS..
by Baukhage
L
The energy tn lVi ounces of coal
will pull 1 ton of freight 1 mile
• • •
By putting sodium nitrate and
phosphates in fresh water lakes in
Scotland to increase suppl>es of rna
rine vegetation on which fish feed.
i it has been possible to increase pro
duction of aome fish by 300 per cent,
the Department of Commerce re
oorts.
New shotguns and rifles for farm
ers, ranchers and law enforcement
agencies are on the way.
• • •
Saturday night services on wheels
are to be offered refugees and oth
ers in the liberated Netherlands.
The Netherland Woman’s Auxiliary
corps soon will receive a motor ve
hicle equipped with portable bath
ing facilities.
Candling Eggs on
Farm Increases Profit
Their Quality Will
Increase Consumption
While candling is not an exact sci
ence, it serves to eliminate those
eggs which will mark down all eggs
marketed. F.ourteen out of every
hundred eggs are "rejects” on the
market. Many of these could be util
ized on the farm, for home (the bet
ter ones) and as hog or poultry feed
for the worse “rejects.”
An unusual number of “spotted”
eggs means that the flock has in
herited this defect. It might be pos
sible for the farmer, who has a
large number of spotting in his eggs,
to pick out the offenders and cull
them out. The spotting rejects alone
costs the farmer $45,000,000 annual
ly. If the farmer removes all "re
jects” he will secure a better price
for the balance of his eggs than he
would have for his entire output,
good and bad.
Dirty eggs should be cleaned. A
lime wash will not show, even when
examined by experts. Fresh eggs
will show an air-space of not over
one-eighth of an inch in depth. When
the egg is fresh the yolk will remain
about center.
Blemishes, blood spots or damage
spots on the yolk show up as dark
spots when the egg is candled. Blood
spots place the eggs as inedible, but
can be utilized for home consump
tion. Development of germ in fer
tile eggs also places the egg in un
desirable class.
In candling it is rather easy to
tell eggs of high and low quality,
but it does require skill to pick those
in the intermediate stage. Persons
who are skilled in the art, however,
are able to accurately grade the
eggs properly.
Agriculture
In the News
Peanuts Gain.
The application of chemistry to
agriculture has resulted in the
ground pea or peanut becoming a
real factor in its own name as well
as a serious competitor for other
farm crops, particularly the soy
bean.
The peanut furnishes a cork sub
stitute, they yield more oil per acre
Peanuts
than cottonseed
and they rank
high as an energy
food. A fiber simi
lar to rayon is
now being made
I from peanut pro
tein. It can fur
nish artificial but
ter and a substi
tute coffee.
Cheap, milder
and less stimulat
ing than coffee, it might become a
competitor to real article.
The peanut can be used in the
manufacture of salad oils, shaving
lotions, cosmetics, soaps, dyes,
axle grease, massage paste for in
fantile paralysis, bases in medicine,
flour, candy, insulation, explosives,
paper board, textile lubricant,
glycerine, floor sweeping com
pounds. fertilizer, stock and poultry
feed and as fuel.
Diet Saves Pigs
Market savings in weaned pigs as
a result of improved diets fed during
gestation and lactation periods was
found by B. W Fairbanks of the
University of Illinois. Successful
weaning was increased from 7 to 83
per cent.
Satisfactory results during lacta
tion are dependent in part upon feed
| ing during gestation. The feeding
regime during gestation must not be
ignored when the question of high
mortality among baby pigs is being
considered. The addition of 10 per
cent alfalfa meal to the ration
brought the increased results.
Mastitis of Cows
Chronic infectious mastitis is a
slowly progressive disease of the ud
der and in many cows causes par
tial and sometimes complete de
struciion of a large proportion of the
milk-producing tissue. The quality
of milk is often lowered because of
increased bacterial contamination
and is not desirable for human con- |
sumption. There are often no clin- ]
ical symptoms observed until milk
production begins to fall and the
cows become an expens*.
FARMS AND RANCHES
Merrick County Bargain—1«0 acre, cholo#
a"d' irdi^pt/<1 corn’ “>*»>**. potato**,
and all kind* of small grain*. Land 'lay*
£fith*Cf f°r Trl®?tlon' n® waste; equipped
water* the *Bitt’.-dld lrr'satlon Pumpa. wlU
water the entire quarter. No buildines
For Immediate sale, at $70.00 per a^e]
terma A sure-crop farm, will pay a high
rate of Interest upon the Investment. Con
tact M A. I.arson, "The Land Man 11>
Central City, Nebraska an*
FARM AUCTI0 N
Big Auction: Wednesday. November IS
For Ira E. Myers, Elyria. Nebraska, ltd
acres choice land. 107 acres under cultiva
tion. balance fine bottom pasturrt. Mod
ern Improvements, on power line, equippedl
for livestock, 1-4 mile from Elyria, In
north Loup river valley, under Government
Irrigation Project. Seven miles north-!
west of Ord, on Highway II. Also all
personal property; 110 cattle, 10 Holstein
cows, all good producers: 100 yearling and,
two year old steers; 1J0 Hampshire hogs,
1» registered tried sows, bred to farrow
latter part of November and early Dec
ember; SO spring boars eligible to register.
2S spring gilts eligible to register. Full!
line of equipment, everything soils, owner!
leaving state. For full details, please.
write for sale bill. Nebraska Realty Auc
tion Co., Agents, Central City, Nebraska.
Established ISIS.
TRAPPERS
Trap Fox and Coyote, On bare ground 1
or deop snow. l,earn modern tricks to,
outwit the sly furhearera. Free Illustrated
circular Q BITN0I1, Welch, Minnesota ,
Box. 680.
FARM FOR SALE
.. , ........__I
For Hide: 1,800 acres 2% miles from town
wgll Improved, lays rolling, 160 acres cul
Ivated. House 20-24. Nine rooms, J£lec
trlclty. Four windmllla All fenced. 600!
acres upland hay, balance pasture. All!
stock and machinery can be bought with]
this place. 25,000 mortgage at present.
Frice $9.00 per acre. G. W. Brooker, Cody,
Nebraska,
FARM FOR SALE
Farms and ltanches. Turned quickly into
cash, the larger holdings and estates our
specialty. 32 years of successful selling,
in all parts of Nebraska. To sell your
land, write us today, for suitable sals date.
Nebraska Realty Auction Co., M. A. Lar
son, Manager, Central City, Nebraska. I
Bright Future
Chemists see a bright future for
soybeans. Greatly expanded use of
the crop in the U. S. both in indus
try and for food and livestock feed
is forecast
StJajeph (ffc
WORLD'S LARGEST SELLER AT WW
When raw winds //
cut like
a knife.
CHAPPED LIPS
SOOTHED QUICKLY!
Crocked das—so cruel, and painfull
Caused when raw, bitter weather
dries skin cells, leaves them “thirsty.”
Skin may crack, bleed. Mentholstum
acts medicinally: (1) Stimulates local
blood supply. (2) Helps revive
thirsty cells so they can retain need
ed moisture. For sore, chapped hands,
lips—Mentholatum. Jars, tubes, 304.
MENTHOLATUM
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