-WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Allied Columns Thrust Toward Industrial Belt in Rhineland; U. S. Carries War to Philippines - Released by Western Newspaper Union -- (EDITOR S NOTE: When epiniena are espreesed In these eslemns. they are those ef Western Newspaper U men's news analysts and not neeesssrllr ef this newspaper.I Belgian pedestrians aland by aa U. 8. medical corps men dress wounds of German soldiers caught In withering machine gun fire. EUROPE: Sight Rhineland Quickly catching their breath aft er their drive acrosa France and Belgium, the valiant U. S. Firat and Third armiea renewed their oflfen alve against a reorganized enemy In a aupreme effort to knock the Germans out of the war this year. While the Nazis regrouped behind their vaunted Siegfried line, or west wall. Lieut. Gen. Courtney Hodges’ First army and Lieut. Gen. George Patton’s Third rolled forward again, with the former's strong armored forces thrusting against the fortress city of Aachen, gateway to the rich industrial Rhine valley to the north east, with its great manufacturing centers of Cologne, Dusseldorf, Duisberg and Essen. As General Hodges’ troops gath ered strength for their smash into the Rhineland, General Patton’s men worked their way beyond the bitterly defended Moselle river against the rich Saar coal and manu facturing country, which curves off sharply to the east with the wind ing German border. To the south of General Patton's Third army, Lieut. Gen. Alexander Patch's Seventh drew up its ranks before the historic Belfort Gap. great open plain lying between the Vos ges mountains and the Swiss bor der and leading into southern Ger many. As the Seventh army with its complement of French troops smashed at the enemy here, it en countered stiffening resistance and heavy artillery fire from the hills beyond. As the U. S. First, Third and Sev enth armies smashed against Ger many's western frontier in a quick move to end the war, British troops worked their way slowly against bit ter opposition through southeastern Holland, where the enemy contest ed their advance in strength in an effort to protect the far northern flank of their Siegfried line, report edly Its weakest link. Do or Die As the reinforced U. S. Fifth and British Eighth armies threw their full strength at Germany's Gothic line in northern Italy, guarding the rich agricultural and Industrial val ley of the Po, Nazi Field Marshal Albert Kesselring went all out in an effort to hold his ground. With his 19 divisions of roughly 250,000 men outnumbered by the Allied forces, Kesselring was plac ing his chief reliance on the moun tainous terrain, and other impro-* vised obstacles dotting the rugged countryside, such as tank traps and buried tank gun nests, etc. U. S. officers looked to "tough fighting" ahead. Utilize Manpower With manpower always Russia’s strategic military trump, the Reds were making full use of it on the eastern front, where four major ac tions were in progress against the Germans' shortened, but strained, defense lines. In the north, the Reds were grind ing their way forward against the enemy’s stiff East Prussian lines, and attacking heavily around War saw with armored columns that were drawing a steady stream of Germans into the fight. To the south, strong Russian forces held up about 100 miles from Germany proper, switched their at tack to the mountain passes lead ing into Czechoslovakia, while deeper in the Balkans, the Reds were pressing on Hungary’s Tran sylvanian wheat fields. MISCELLANY EMPLOYMENT: Of the 53,170,000 persons employed in the U. S., 18, 440,000 are women, the bureau of census reported. Although 3,000.000 women were added to payrolls dur ing the 12-month period ending in August, 1943, there was no appreci able increase in the following year. As a whole, the civilian labor force decreased 1.000,000 from July to August, 1944. CROPS: Hufte Harvest With August rains checking the serious deterioration of the crop in the drought area east of the Missis sippi, the U. S. department of agri culture predicted a bumper corn harvest of 3,101,319,000 bushels for 1944, second largest on record. With the wheat crop set at an all time high of 1,115,402,000 bushels, oats production at 1,190,540,000, bar ley at 290,036,000, soybeans at 179, 024,000 and sorghums at 149,962,000, a total grain harvest of over 6,000, 000,000 bushels was predicted. Because of the bumper crops and reduced feeding, the live stock and poultry Industry should find suffi cient grain available throughout the coming months, the USDA declared. Markets Dip WUh the USDA reporting excellent crop prospects, prices on leading grain markets dipped, with only wheat bearing up under purchases of the Commodity Credit corporation and information that the agency was interested in deferred shipments. PACIFIC: Homecominn Two and • one-half years after the Japanese over-ran the Philip Adm. Nimlti pines, U. S. naval forces under Ad miral Chester Nimitz’s com mand have come back to subject enemy installations on the islands to withering aerial and artillery fire. At the same time, marine and army assault forces under Ad miral Nimitz s command swept ashore on the Patau islands, 600 miles east of the Philippines, while units under Gen. Douglas MacAr thur's leadership invaded the Mo luccas, 300 miles south of the Phil ippines, thus establishing a menac ing steel ring around the islands. Presaging major operations against the Philippines guarding the enemy’s vital supply lines from the Indies to the west, U. S. naval air craft swept over the southern string of islands, lashing at enemy planes which had been carefully husbanded to resist U. S. advances. Big bat tleships, riding with smaller cruis ers and destroyers, raked enemy shipping, using water routes to sup ply the disconnected jumble of is lands. PETROLEUM: Draw on Stocks With military requirements ap proximating 800,000 barrels daily out of total production of 2,000,000. there is little possibility of an easing in gas rationing until after the end of the European war, the Ofllce of War Information declared. The tightness in the gasoline situ ation exists even though the output of crude oil for petroleum produc tion has averaged an all-time high of 4,470,000 barrels daily, natural gas output has approximated 269,000 barrels daily, and imports are above the 1941 level. With demand outrunning supply, the industry has been compelled to dip into reserve stocks at a rate of 2.500,000 barrels of crude monthly. OWI said, bringing holdings to the lowest level since 1922. Hidden Resources Although present U. S. oil reserves are estimated at 20 billion barrels, our known oil in the ground actually is nearer 100 billion barrels, much of which could be recovered by some new method or if higher prices were established, this is the opinion of experts. No nation has been completely ex plored for all of its oil possibilities, and in countries of greater area, only a small fraction of existing resources have been tapped, the experts add ed. AIR TRAVEL: Postwar Preparation Taking full advantage of the war time stimulus given aviation both in the development of equipment and transportation service, three major airlines planning for postwar traffic placed orders for 93 super sky ships with the Douglas Aircraft com pany at a cost of more than $50, 000,000. In Ailing the orders, Douglas will furnish DC-4 ships carrying 44 pas sengers and cargo with a speed of four miles a minute, and DC-6s accommodating 56 passengers and cargo with a speed of five miles a minute. Both planes are a develop ment of Douglas' C-54 military car go ship. Four-engined and powered by Whitney Wasp motors, the planes will cut coast to coast schedules to 8ty hours, officials said, and reduce the Chicago to New York flight to 2 hours and 40 minutes. NO-STRIKES: UAW Keeps Pledge Predicting that the "Little Steel” wage formula limiting wartime pay increases to 15 per cent over Janu ary, 1941, levels would be altered to meet labor's complaint that living costs have soared far above the per mitted boost, CIO Pres. Philip Murray joined United Automobile Workers union officials in pressing membership to maintain the no strike pledge for the duration of the war against Germany. Although 3,801 votes were mus tered against keeping the no-strike pledge at the UAW's convention at Grand Rapids. Mich., a majority of 6,463 favorably responded to the bigwigs' plea to retain it. Miners Meet While the biggest union in the world — the union John L. Lewis helped to build — was meeting in TELEFACT AVERAGE YEARLY INCOME IN 1939-1943 Grand Rapids, the United Mine Workers were holding their biennial convention In Cincinnati, Ohio. Here, in all of his glory, shaggy, portly John L., who seemed to have ridden out a rebellious movement led by one of his ex-lieutenants for district self-rule in the union, railed against the record of mine disaster victims as "butchery” and a “cry ing national shame.” Said Lewis: "... The time is coming when this union will have to take stern action to abate this slaughter of our people. Were this war not on, I would be prone to rec ommend that the coal miners . . . stop coal muting for a time until we receive assurances from the op erators of a greater degree of safety.” BIG TWO: Meet in Quebec. Although selection of a supreme commander for the Pacific and mas ter overall plans for dealing a death blow to the Japanese chiefly occu pied the attention of President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Chur chill at their second historic Quebec conference, postwar European prob lems also loomed importantly in the discussions. Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden’s dramatic last-minute air plane dash to Quebec following talks with the Polish govern ment-ln-exlle’s cabinet officials led to reports that the conferees went over Premier Stalin's claims to eastern Poland, and his suggestion that Poland be compensated for this loss of ter ritory through annexation of German soil. Because of the eastern front’s pressing demands on his time. Pre mier Stalin regretted his inability to attend the discussions. AKmISTICL: Pattern Set Armistice terms under which Ro mania agreed to pay Russia $300, 000,000 in goods, industrial equip ment and foodstuffs in six years was considered to constitute a model for other dealings with enemy countries. Because of Romanian participa tion in the war against Germany under Russian command, however, the reparations payments reportedly were scaled down. Other conditions of the armistice included Romania's cession of Bes sarabia and Bukovina to Russia, restoration of all Allied property, abolition of racial discrimination laws, and elimination of Fascism. PAYROLL Declaring that about 5 per cent of the working population in the U. S. is now employed by the federal gov ernment, Sen. Harry Byrd (Va.) re vealed that there were 3,112,965 persons on the payroll July 31 ex clusive of 252,978 war department employees engaged outside of the country. Contradicting the U. S civil serv ice commission's report of person nel cuts, Byrd said the payroll in creased by 96,046 between May and July. Washington Di9est; Plan for Local Offices To Aid Demobilization Vets’ and Civilians’ Problems Would Be Tackled in Own Communities; Re Employment Is Major Goal. By BAUKHAGE News Analyst and Commentator. WNU Service, Union Trust Building, Washington. D. C. These days it is popular to criti cize Democratic methods for their lack of speed. The legislative mills do grind slowly as we have noted, with many of the measures delay ing readjustment to the peace to come. But in the case of the first steps toward preparing for de mobilization which have brought up such hearty disagreements, it so happens that, quite unobserved by most observers, the machinery has b'*en grinding steadily ahead just the same. This was achieved by executive order, and, on the surface at least, it appears that work has been done while congress was disagreeing. Since February 24. when the execu tive order creating it was issued, the Retraining and Reemployment ad ministration has established more than 8,000 information centers which will be the contact point with dis charged veterans and war workers. It also erected the framework of a system which can be expanded to take care of the peak demands when demobilization starts in earnest. These information centers are the vital points of contact between gov ernment agencies and the citizen, veteran or civilian who is starting on the road back to peacetime existence. The philosophy back of this whole readjustment plan is based on the idea that a man or woman can best be served by his own friends and neighbors. The government, local or federal, helps, but the local com munity whose own prosperity de pends on the prosperity and happi ness of its members, is the best of guides, philosophers and friends. The Retraining and Reemploy ment administration is the child of the Baruch-Hancock report, which is a lengthy document embodying the results of a long study and presented as a suggestion for appropriate legislation. Since the lawmakers were slow in their law-making, the President issued his executive order under his war powers. He put the new administration un der the office of War Mobilization, its head, Mr. Byrnes, named Gen eral Hines, head of the Veterans administration, as Administrator of the Retraining and Reemployment setup. New Agency Work* With Other U. S. Bodies Under General Hines was created a policy board made up of repre sentatives of the various govern ment agencies whose functions fit into the picture, the purpose being to make use of existing government agencies insofar as possible rather than to create new ones. The agen cies represented on the board are: labor, federal security, war man power, selective service, the war de partment, navy department, war production board. This board has general super vision of all activities affecting the returned veteran or the discharged war worker and it consults with con gress on matters which would pro mote the processes of readjustment. Specifically this is a large order for it involves getting jobs, getting the right job for the right man; training for joHs. training the right man for the right job and assuring an expert and sympathetic handling of the process, from the human as well as the economic standpoint. It also deals with all the multifold benefits and rights of the GI Bill of Rights, already dealt with at length in these columns. The man on whom most of the responsibility for carrying out the administration's work has fallen so far is C. W. Bailey, executive sec retary of the policy board. Following the theory of utilization of existing agencies, the board im mediately turned to the three gov ernment agencies which were al ready engaged in activities similar to those, or including those which the R & R has to do, namely, selec tive service with its 6.500 offices in all parts of the country through which virtually everyone who en tered the armed services had to pass; the United States Employ ment service, with its 1.500 full time offices which have been the main channels carrying the war workers to their jobs, and finally the Vet erans administration with its hun dred offices with a personnel ex perienced in handling ex-soldiers’ claims since the end of World War I. Committees were appointed in the various states composed of repre sentatives of these agencies, whose function was to assist in the creation of the information centers. In many states these committees have been able to report that the organization of these smaller groups is now ade quate to handle the present load; in other states the completion of the organization is underway. Mr. Bailey tells me that he feels that a national framework has been con stricted upon which the complete organization can be raised as de mobilization begins and war indus tries are cut down. This is the organization which has been functioning under the execu tive order. It is taken for granted that it will be continued in function if not in exact form, and of course provided with adequate funds for ex pansion, by current or future legis lation. But the point is that in the intermin action has been taken, with out working for the legislative bodies to deliberate and adumbrate while the readjustment program merely marked time. Administration Eager To Make Good Showing Since the Democratic administra tion is open to sharp criticism if any phase of the adjustment pro gram drags, considerable effort will be made to show results. Pressure applied to congress to hurry the legislation was exerted, too, with the Republicans perhaps in the less advantageous position since the original measure offered by the ad ministration was considerably al tered, first in the senate and later in the house. When the President was asked for comment on Governor Dewey’s charge that the New Deal was afraid of the peace because it was uncer tain that the economic problems would be satisfactorily solved, the President merely said we could say that he smiled broadly. Meanwhile, some members of the administration not sure whether smiles were in order have been out in the field attempting to find out just what has been accomplished toward opening the way to full em ployment, which is generally ad mitted to be the one sure answer to the danger of a depression. The work of the Retraining and Reem ployment administration if it can show a' good record can be an ex ample of one of the first concrete steps. Reports of the informal investiga tofs have not been made public. We do know that in some communities the local people have responded well. Many energetic mayors and chambers of commerce are ready and anxious to show their local in dustries the benefit of the possibili ties of expansion. They have been active in making plans which will get the returned veteran or war worker a job, or get him in contact with the proper source for training which will make him a potential benefit to the community. In such places the committees are quickly and easily formed and are prepared to function—in some cases are al ready functioning—effectively. After all, the federal government, by a unanimous vote in congress, produced the GI Bill of Rights, that welfare program opening a thou sand effective channels for human readjustment, physical, moral, in tellectual and economic, to normal life, to millions of servicemen. It devolves upon their friends and neighbors to see that their benefits remain the benefits of the com munity rather than lose them to some more energetic society or, by complete neglect, to oblivion. • • • Total federal receipts jumped from $22,700,000,000 in fiscal 1943 to $40,500,000,000 in 1944, an in crease of 78.7 per cent, according to a recent U. S. treasury report. Analysis of the report by the Fed eration of Tax Administrators shows that more than $33,000,000,000 of the 1944 total, or 81.4 per cent, was brought in by income and excess profits taxes All other taxes yielded about $7,500,000,000, almost equal ing the total federal receipts in 1941. B R I E F S . . . by Baukhape Placements of physically handi capped persons by the United Slates Employment service may total nearly a half-million in 1944. • • • Because of the disruption of rail facilities by the fighting in south ern Fiance, American-made trucks are being shipped to Europe for the transportation of prisoner-of-war parcels. Curare, a deadly poison that na tive Indians of the Amazon called “flying death” because they used it to make poison arrows, is now sav ing lives of the fighting men of United Nations, the office of the co ordinator of Inter-Ainerican affairs reports Curare is now used to re lieve spastic paralysis and to relax the muscles of mental patients undergoing convulsive shock. Looking at HOLLYWOOD SINCE most people believe that the postwar world will be a won drous affair with new discoveries in science and transport revolutioniz ing our everyday living, it oc curred to me some changes will be due in the motion picture industry. I don’t remember who said, “I don’t care who makes our laws, so long as I can make our pictures," dui i mea me over to Darryl F. Zanuck, a pro ducer on whom the genius tag is pretty firmly tied since he made “Wilson,” ana asked him what sort of film fare we are going to give our returned soldiers. I wanted to know what we could expect of Darryl F. Zanuck the film of the luture. mere was Zanuck pacing up and down his lush office like a caged tiger, swinging a polo mallet to give greater emphasis—and he was ready to give. Here is what I got— The over-all picture of the post war cinema industry is a radical one. It has little in common with the industry we know today. Said Zanuck, "The postwar film will be international in scope. Picture-mak ing in our peacetime era will be a far different thing than it is today. The broadening scope of world vis ion that comes with peace will bring about the ascension of a great for eign star. I would not be surprised to see a great Chinese actress be come a dominant figure. "I look to see our company. Twen tieth Century-Fox, open a large stu dio in a foreign land—quite pos sibly India—where pictures will be aimed at world consumption al though made basically for the East. "I would have no hesitancy in making a motion picture with a love story between a typical Ameri can boy and a Chinese girl. The same is true of a picture with a high-type Indian and an American girl. Films for Freedom "The reeducation of Germany will center largely arouiW its film in dustry. Films were the instrument most freely used to propagandize the German people into Naziism. Films should therefore be the most powerful instrument used in their reeducation. "I would personally like to have the job of running the postwar Ger man studios. I do not think this should be done by a government agency. It should be done by motion picture men. After all, we made our product so popular abroad that dic tators banned our pictures in their countries.” Well, with that for a starter (and I maintain that’s a good hunk for anyone to chew on), let’s cut back to the psychology of today’s soldier as outlined by Zanuck. He said, “War makes men think. There are no drunken sprees from our re turned soldiers today. These boys, transformed into men, have fought in 59 localities over every end and corner of the world. They’re world wide in vision. Geography isn't something they learned out of a book. They didn’t have to find the far-flung places of the world on a map—they’ve been there. The mo tion picture industry will have to keep abreast of their way of think ing if we want to continue in busi ness.” The Three Ra, Too Servicemen, says Zanuck, have re flected a willingness to accept en lightenment along with their enter tainment; and while the poll is high in favor of the pin-up type picture, many significant films rank with musicals in attendance. Back grounds outside the United States will be characteristic of many of our new films and the foreign star will come back into favor. “Our international casting aver age will mount higher and higher when the avenues of foreign talent, shut out by wars, are opened again. There should be no national bound aries in art. There aren’t any in music, painting or sculpture. The talent of the world should and must be brought to our audiences. “This will not come as any jolt to the people at home. We're build ing up a new audience here, too. They know new names — places they’d possibly never have heard of if their sons hadn’t been fighting there. Many of them are buried there. They’U want to know more about St. Malo and Cassino and Chungking and Mitkyina — those places are familiar household words now.” • • • The Truth Brought Back Jinx Falkcnburg, all dolled up in a sarong on the “Song of Tahiti” set. walked over to chat with a bunch of visiting marines, just back from the South Pacific. Said Jinx, “Tell me—do you think I make an authen tic South Sea Island girl'.’” After a brief hesitation, one of the marines spoke up and said. “Well hardly. Miss Falkenburg. The trouble is, you’re about 80 pounds underweight, you smell too nice, and you have far too many teeth!” It’* Simple Furniture With Frills, Ruffles T F \ OU “have been wondering if quaintness, frills and ruffles were going into the decorating ash can after the war, the answer is_ no. There will be many strictly modern rooms but there will be rooms also in which all the war years’ pent-up longing will burst forth in the most romantic ver sions of the traditional Home, sweet Home with variations ac cording to taste. Period themes and quaintness will be stepped up to have a dra matic quality. Modern ideas will TO* BEO CU*T*IN im C-TO-D* / HEI6HT OF-T VERTICAL-* PART OF J .6 WALL CURTAIN LEN6TH +■ A-TO-B ■ f DISTANCE L FROM CEIUN6 *=• TO FLOOR / creep in and add to this effect. Simple furniture will be built in and fabrics will be cut and sewn especially to fit the spaces they are to fill. The bed curtains for the slanting wall in the sketch are an example—and the triangular shaped window curtains to give extra fullness. Frills will be even fuller than those of our dreams. * • • NOTE—Why not start your dream room now with a skirted blanket chest like the one in this sketch? It is grand to have extra covers handy on chilly nights and the padded top makes a comfortable seat. Pattern 259 gives complete and fully Il lustrated directions with detailed list of materials needed for making the chest, full skirt and top cushion. Enclose 15 cents with name and address to get pattern 259. Address: MRS. RUTH WYETH SPEARS Bedford Hills New York Drawer 10 Enclose 15 cents for Pattern No. 259. Name . Address . CLASSIFIED DEPARTMENT Stove 8s Furnace Repairs DC* DA I DC FOR ANY STOVE nCrMIrO furnace or boiler Prompt Shipments Since 1883 Order Through Your Deal or Compliments OMAHA ITOVI REPAIR OMAHA, NEBRASKA WORK * FEATHERS WANTED WANTED —FANCY FEATHERS, pheas ant whole or loose tall feathers, body dry skins, quills, goose and duck, new or old. FARMERS Si ORE. MITCHELL, 8. D. FARMS OR RANCHES M. A. LARSON "The Luiiil Man," sine* 1912, Central City, Ncbr successful sell ing service in all parts of Nebraska. Tbs larger holdings and estates our specialty. To sell your farm or ranch, writ* me without delay. Ask your doctor about PAZOi, PILES .Relieves pain and soreness Millions of people suffering from simple Piles, have found prompt relief with PAZO ointment. Here's why: First. PAZO ointment soothes inflamed areas — relieves psin snd itching. Second. PAZO oinlmenl lubricates hardened, dried parts—helps prevent cracking and aoreness. Third. PAZO ointment tends to reduce swelling and check bleeding. Fourth, it’s easy to use. PAZO oint ment’s perforated Pile Pipe makes ap plication simple, thorough. Your doctor can tell you about PAZO ointment. Get PAZO Today? At Drugstores! VIAVI USERS Old. new customers! Celebrate with us the 86th birthday of Dr. Lsw. famed founder of The Viavi Company. Send your name and address and 1 will mail you s FREE Viavi gift. H. W LAW. 50 Fell Street. San Francisco 2. California. ^ To relievo distress of MONTHLY"> Female Weakness (Also Fine Stomachic Tonic) Lydia B Plnkham's Vegetable Com pound is famous to relieve periodic pain and accompanying nervous, weak, tired-out feelings—when due to functional monthly disturbances Taken segularly—Plnkham's Com pound helps build up resistance against sucb annoying symptoms Plnkham's Compound is made especially lor women—it helps na Cure and that's the kind of medicine to buy I Follow label directions LVDIfl E. PINKHflM’S WNU—U 39—44 Preserve Our Liberty Buy U. S. War Bonds