Image provided by: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries, Lincoln, NE
About The frontier. (O'Neill City, Holt County, Neb.) 1880-1965 | View Entire Issue (June 29, 1944)
I-WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS-, Yanks Advance on Two Fronts As German Resistance Stiffens; B-29s Blast Steel Mills in Japan < by Western Newspaper Union - ■■ — (EDITOR'S NOTE: When opinion* are eapreaaed In then* column*, they are thaae *1 Western Newspaper Union's pews analysts and net necessarily er this newspaper.) Top American military leaders are pictured during their visit to the Normandy beachhead. Left to right: facing camera, Adm. Ernest J. King, commander In chief of the United States fleet; Gen, George C. Marshall, chief of staff of the army; Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower, supreme Allied commander, and Rear Adm. Alan G. Kirk. THE INVASION: Steady Progress Supported by the greatest air fleets in battle history. Allied forces continued to expand their beachhead area in Normandy in the face of stiffening resistance on many fronts. U. S. forces to the northeast of Cherbourg surged past Montebourg, which was still being contested, and captured Quineville on the east coast of the Cherbourg peninsula. Hammering to the west across the peninsula on a 10-mlle front, the Yanks met stiff resistance from crack grenadiers of the fifth Ger man tank division thrown into the Normandy fighting. A communique from General Eis enhower’s headquarters said that steady progress had been made west of Carentan across the base of the Cherbourg peninsula and between the Bale and Vire rivers toward St. Lo, key junction 15 miles southeast of Carentan. Battle Westward All along a 10-mile front, units of the American Fourth division and the 20th Air-Borne division were bat tling westward against strong resist ance in a drive to pinch off the penin sula, and with it the prize port of Cherbourg. Nazi Field Marshal Erwin Rom mel had thrown approximately 700 tanka into the fighting on the eastern sector and appeared to be using far more infantry than the German command intended to use for the defense of one comparatively small section of the invasion coast. Despite early successes on the in vasion front, a word of warning came from Secretary of War Stlm son who said that Allied troops in Normaody soon must face fiercer eounter-blows "than any we have ever met" At the same time he predicted they would smash ahead until France is liberated and Ger many crushed. While the troops on the Normandy coast were fighting off the German counter-attacks on land, residents of England Itself were dealt a serious "anti-invasion blow" when a fan tastic stream of pilotless Nazi bomb ers rained fire and explosives across the island. This was Hitler's long awaited "secret weapon" and no attempt was made by the British au thorities to minimize the effective ness of these robot, radio-controlled bombing plane attacks. CONVENTIONS: In Chicago As the advance guard of the Re publican party convention delegates began arriving in Chicago, political dopesters had all but awarded the Presidential nomination to Gov. Thomas E. Dewey of New York, but friends of Gov. John W. Bricker of Ohio would not let their candidate be counted out without a battle. They said that the contest for the nomination would go to the conven tion floor. Bricker sources could not see a first-ballot victory for Dewey. How ever, the New York governor en tered the convention with more dele gates actually pledged to him than any ether candidate, including Gov ernor Bricker. Officials in charge of arrange ments for the Chicago meeting re vealed that the candidate selected would probably make his acceptance speech from the convention floor on the day after his nomination. Meanwhile the Democrats an nounced that Gov. Robert S. Kerr of Oklahoma would keynote their convention scheduled for July 19. also in Chicago. HIGHLIGHTS . PAIN DETECTOR: An electrical device, said to be able to detect dis eased organs of which the patient is unconscious, was demonstrated at the convention of the Gastro-entero logical association meeting in Chi cago. Dr. Lester Morrison of Phila delphia read a paper on the ma chine, and explained that it operated by the “viserogalvanic reaction" of the patient. ... PACIFIC: Action Here, Too U. S. citizens got a breath-taking indication of the mighty striking power of their vast armed forces when within ten days of the Euro pean D-Day, terrific blows were dealt the Japanese on the opposite side of the globe. Day before the new Super-Flying Fortresses bombed Japan proper, a powerful navy sea and air force blasted the outer defenses of the is land of Saipan in the Marianas to prepare the way for the landing of American troops on that strategic Jap base only 1,500 miles southeast of Tokyo. To wrest Saipan from the Japa nese, Americans had a Job which combined the worst factors of Ta rawa and Guadalcanal. For like at Tarawa they had to land over a well-defended coral reef and like on Guadalcanal, the Jap had himself well entrenched in good fortified po sitions which extended all the way across that Jungle island. When the beachhead on Saipan was estab lished there was still a long way to go but word from Adm. Chester W. Nimitz' headquarters indicated that the Yanks were advancing. Initial reports listed moderate cas ualties while the official bulletin re vealed that: "Virtually all heavy coastal and anti-aircraft batteries on the island were knocked out by naval gun fire and bombing." While these no longer worried the Americans, they knew their test would come in the inner jungles as they faced the Jap artillery, martar and machine gun lire. Super Raid From secret bases in China, not from an aircraft carrier this time, American planes dealt Japan proper a smashing air blow, when a squad ron of the new Super Flying For tresses bombed Japan’s homeland. Tokyo radio said industrial areas of Moji and Shimonoseki were hit. Only a dribble of official news came from American sources on the raid but announcement of aerial task force attack of the giant B-29’s in dicated that they flew from the Chl na-Burma-India theater land bases. This raid also revealed the for mation of a new air force, the 20th, which would serve the United Na tions cause as a roving, globe-cir cling task force much like a naval fleet. This air arm will not confine itself to attacks on Japan but is "able to participate in combined op erations, or to be assigned to strike wherever the need is greatest.” Before any official announcement of the targets was made by the army, a report in congressional cir cles hinted that Tokyo itself was one of the main objectives. ITALY: Allied Drive Continues German defenses on a broad front 50 to 80 miles above Rome were shattered when Allied Fifth and Eighth army troops drove north in a plunge which netted them hun dreds of prisoners. German resistance had cracked all the way from the Tyrrhenian sea coast around the northern end of Lake Bolsena and down to Temi, 70 miles east of the Allied advance coastal columns. The enemy was in full retreat from the entire Adriatic sector. Their retreat was so fast that speedy Eighth army flying columns were unable to contact Nazi rear guards. Even fresh German re inforcements, hastened from the north to halt the Allied advance, were routed after Joining the Nazi 14th army in a furious three-day battle. • • In th* week’t newt FACTORY WAGES: In April earn ings of factory workers on an hourly basis reached a new high at $1,057 per hour, the National Industrial conference reports. Because of a shorter work week however, total earnings were somewhat lower, be ing $48.08 on the national average, down .7 per cent from March. Av erage work week was 45.2 hours in April. PRICE CONTROL: Parity for Farmrrs Under terms of the ' ill extending the price control machinery of OPA as passed by the House, processors who fail to pay a parity price for any farm commodity would be allowed to charge only 90 per cent of the OPA ceiling for the finished article. (Parity it a price calculated to make farm purchasing power et/tial to that prevailing from 1909 to 1914). Farm leaders had the support of the administration in putting through the measure in this form after the controversial cotton ceil ing adjustment provision bad been knocked out of the bill as passed by the senate. This cotton provision and the parity issue were the main prob lems between the house and senate conferences. Once in the President’s hands the bill still faced the threat of a veto because of amendment to it which would throw all OPA regulations open for legal tests in the regular federal district courts. WOUNDED YANKS: Death Rate Cut Of every 100 American soldiers wounded in battle, 97 are saved, ac cording to Maj. Gen. Norman Kirk, surgeon-general of the U. S. army. The navy has an equally impressive record. In World War I the death rate of the wounded was 8 per cent. Now it is less than 3 per cent. Abdominal injuries are among those most often fatal, resulting in death in 25 per cent of the cases. This, however, is a great improve ment over 25 years ago, when 50 per cent died. Penetrating chest wounds are now fatal in less than 25 per cent of cases, while in the first World war more than half the men so wounded succumbed. A still great er advance has been made in treat ment of head wounds. Now only 4 per cent die, as compared with 14 per cent in the last war. Umberto of Italy Closeup of Crown Prince Umberto of Italy taken after all Italian pow ers had been vested in him by his father, King Victor Emmanuel, who abdicated after the Allies had taken Rome. PROGRESS: In Bond Drive Treasury officials announced that In the first two days of the Fifth War Loan drive. Individual buyers purchased almost a half-billion dol lars worth of bonds. Goal for Indi vidual buying in this drive is six billion dollars. At the same time the treasury translated bond purchases into equipment various sums would pur chase for the army and navy. Bonds bought now will pay for more and better equipment than a year ago. For example: A heavy bomber, listed at $500, 000 last year, is now available for $250,000. A fighter plane costs $50,000 as compared to $150,000 a year ago. SECOND SCANDAL: At Pearl Harbor A second Pearl Harbor scan dal, revealing neglect and delay In the army’s defense preparations prior to the Japanese attack on December 7, 1941, has been re ported to congress by a house subcommittee on military affairs. Responsibility was pinned direct ly upon Col. Theodore Wyman Jr., district army engineer at Honolulu. Hans Wilhelm Rohl, California con tractor, who sought naturalization in 1941, 28 years after coming to the U. S. from Germany, was named as Colonel Wyman’s collabora tor. The report stated that Wyman constantly discriminated in award ing $125,000,000 in contracts to Rohl’s firm. Rohl was to have built a permanent aircraft warning sys tem. The contract was lej on Decem ber 7, 1940. Rohl was to complete the Job In six months. One year later the Job was only partially com pleted. The subcommittee reported that the approach of Japanese planes would have been detected if the system had been operating. Colonel Wyman and Rohl were frequently companions on wild drinking parties, the report stated. HOUSEHOLD GOODS: More than 12,000.000 families would like to buy alarm clocks, a survey conducted by the census bu reau for the War Production board during April indicates. The study was made among 4,500 represents tive families to guide the \VP3 The survey covered demand for 56 household articles. It showed that the percentage of “satisfied buy er demand” ranged from 98 per cent for sewing thread down to 5 per cent lor wash boilers and lawn mowers. U. S. First to Experiment With Use of Air Troops Demonstration Arranged by General ‘Billy’ Mitchell at Kelly Field in 1928; Officers ‘Not Impressed.’ By BAUKHAGE News Analyst and Commentator. WNU Service, Union Trust Building Washington, D. C. When the story of the present war i is written, the outstanding logistical novelty—the feature which differs most from the methods employed in the movement of fighting units in j previous wars—will be the use of airborne troops. Already the airborne units have been revealed as vital factors in the invasion landings, where they have been used on a scale which dwarfs anything heretofore from the first widely publicized Russian ex ! periments in 1930 to the German air i invasion of Crete or the remarkable achievements of smaller units in I Burma. Since it is taken for granted that the United States is going to carry the major burden in the later phases of the invasion, it is a matter of satisfaction to know that the idea of transporting troops by plane was first developed by the United States ] army. No one will be surprised that it was that stormy petrel of aviation, Gen. "Billy” Mitchell, whose wings beat so futilely against the hide bound brasshats of his day, who is credited with arranging the first demonstration of troop transporta tion by air. The report of his first fruitless demonstration is buried so deep in the war department files that I can only quote from lay sources con cerning it. But it seems that in 1928 ten soldiers parachuted from a Mar tin bomber onto Kelly field in Texas. With them went machine gun equip ment. All landed safely and in three minutes after they hit the ground the machine gun was assembled. Officers who observed the “stunt” (which is what it was then con sidered) were not impressed. That is, the American officers. Some Rus sians were present. They made notes, and some two years later their paratroopers were descending to earth to the “ohs" and "ahs” of American movie audiences. Germany observed but went to work in silence, with the results with which we were made painfully familiar from the days of the in vasion of Poland on. But "Billy” Mitchell’s idea slumbered in the flies and he did not live to see its renascence here four years ago. Nazi Refinement$ These facts have been forgotten by most people who probably think that the Rusian experiments were the first. The Germans picked up and improved the Russians’ tech nique, working out their paratroop plans as a part of the developments of their then peerless Luftwaffe, whose threatening shadow moulded European diplomacy before the out break of the war. The German paratroopers demon strated their real value in the blitz against the low countries. It was not until April of 1940 that the United States troop carrier com mand, which carries troops in trans ports and gliders, was organized. Now it is larger than the whole of our air force of three years ago. The airborne force, created a few weeks earlier, is now numbered in entire divisions, as we know from German reports, and includes tens of thousands of fighting men and technical personnel. Hie British paratroopers were used effectively as far back as 1942 and they made the first contact with German troops in North Africa in November of the same year. The U. S. airborne forces are made up of both paratroop and glider forces. They are separate from the troop carrier command which transports them, just as the foot soldier is distinct from the sea man who carries him from shore to shore. The paratroopers (a part of the airborne forces) alone serve fre quently as aerial commandos, seiz ing enemy airports of suitable ter rain where the troop transports or glider planes cannot yet land. The Paratroopers When operations require large numbers of men and more compli cated equipment, such as those per formed back of the shore defenses and even much farther inland in France, paratroopers are supple mented by the troops landed from transports and gliders. “Riis fre quently means that the paratrooper must capture or prepare air strips for this purpose. Allied airborne troops were used effectively at the landing in Sicily, where General Montgomery said they shortened the campaign by at least a week. They also proved of great value in New Guinea. The full extent of their per formance in the invasion of Europe has yet to be revealed but we have General Eisenhower’s own word as to their value and his praise has been unstinted. The chief function of the soldier of the air until recently has been the destruction of enemy communi cations and installations such as ammunition and supply dumps, dynamiting bridges and wrecking railway junctions behind the lines. Now they are prepared to engage the enemy in large-scale operations which reached major proportions for the first time in France. Pre ceding the Normandy landings, one of their jobs was to prevent de struction of certain points like bridges and other installations which the troops advancing from the beachhead wanted to make use of later. In this case, they had to take the bridges from the enemy defend ers and then hold them against counter attacks of the local re serves, armed with tanks and field artillery, until their own advancing ground troops or air reinforcements arrived. Such action is possible because jeeps, one-ton trailers, howitzers, heavy and light calibre machine guns, mortars, mines, and other equipment including food, medical supplies, water, and of course am munition, can be transported by the troop carrier command. The troops have food and ammunition suffi cient for about three days suste nance without replenishment. The pilots of the troop carriers are trained under most difficult conditions and must have an extra share of courage and intelligence. They fly slowly and about their only escape from the speedy fighters is to skim the hilltops, dodge the hay stacks, keep as low as possible in valleys or between obstacles like trees and buildings which serve as protection. Glider Pilot’* Job Although the glider pilot has no engine to worry about, he must know meteorology, navigation, aerial reconnaissance, photography, maintenance and radio communica tion. He must learn to land quickly and near trees or other obstacles where the troops can take cover; one means of making a quick land ing is purposely tc snag a wing on a tree trunk or the bottom of the plane on rocks. The men inside are protected by a steel framework. And then when the pilot lands, all he has to do is fight his way back to his own lines with the rest of his one-time passengers. Like them, he has to know all the commando knows. • Some of the tales which have al ready gone into the growing saga of the airborne forces are marvelous. One is told of an adventure which took place early in the invasion of France. A glider, its towline cut, was sud denly left in the dark of the moon. Some light is necessary for a land- I ing, of course. In the period when the moon was clouded, there was nothing for the pilot to do but to keep on descending. He did and ; landed unexpectedly but on very smooth terrain. The troopers quick ly debouched and sought cover as they are trained to do. But there was no cover. They found they were on the wide, flat roof of a building. ! They found an entrance through ' the roof and cautiously crept down the stairs. To their surprise, they discovered they were in a building full of German soldiers and which housed the German headquarters for that area. But the Americans were armed, and needless to say the Germans were somewhat sur prised. They surrendered without much trouble. However, it is not always as easy as that and since it is an axiom of military history that for every new arm of offense, an arm of defense is developed, we may expect fresh obstacles to be created which these youngest sons of Mars will have to meet as they grow older. _ BRIEFS.. * by Baukhage More than 2,000,000 dozen essen- Rumanian authorities are having tial items of infants' and children's so much difficulty equipping their wearing apparel will be produced army that all men called into during June, July and August, ac- service are instructed to bring along cording to the WPB. two changes of underwear. ... . . «. Release of an additional 12,000.000 The number of persons working pounds of dried prunes from the 1943 on farms in the United States on production to civilians has been April 1 was about 3 per cent lower | authorized by WFA. than in the same period last year, j Jon*** Looking at I NEVER thought Rita Hayworth ! * could act until I saw her in "Cov I er Girl." Neither, I might add, did a million other folks. The little lady did all right. Before that she put I verve into her lovemaking and sparkle into her dancing, and that was that. Now something new has been added. She acts too. It’s somewhat confusing that this should come about in a musical, of all things. No much is expected of leading ladies in musicals. But it happens there were several act ing scenes writ ten into "Cover Girl,” and Rita stood right up to them when they came along. And from what Rita has told me no one was more surprised than lit tie Marguerita Rita Hayworth Carmen Cansino herself. Despite the Shakespearean forebears on her mother's side of this half Latin from Manhattan, of her ancestor, Joseph Haworth, who trouped with Edwin Booth, Rita had never made serious pretensions to being a dramatic actress. Showing Her Metal Rita’s new picture, “Tonight and Every Night,” with its setting a London theater that never misses a show throughout the great blitz of 1941, is a vehicle highly surcharged with drama, along with the tradi tional gayety of show folks and the romantic speedup that is a phase of the war. And that, my friends, will call for real trouping. Rita’s marriage with Orson Welles did something for her, even if it was only being cut in halves by him during his magic show. Orson is like a whirling dervish—never still and always thinking about some new angle either of politics or show busi ness. But I really believe it was more Gene Kelly’s influence than Orson’s when it came to her acting in “Cover Girl.” It was Gene’s big chance, and he worked like a gaJ ley slave morning, noon and night. Not only with his own part but with every other part in the picture. Such unselfishness and diligence is bound to have its reward. Family Background Mamma Cansino (nee Haworth) wanted Rita to be an actress, of course. Papa Cansino wanted her to grow up to be a dancer. So now both parents are happy. Rita was born in New York, Octo ber 17, 1918. Her father was born in Seville, Spain; her mother in Wash ington, D. C. Rita’s two brothers, Eduardo Jr. and Vernon, are both in the army. She started dancing with her father at the age of four, made her professional debut with him at six. She was quickly retired, however, because the Cansino act was so agile and robust they were afraid little Marguerita might get in the way and get hurt. On Her Way At 14 Rita really joined the Danc ing Cansinos. Two years later she was dancing with her father in Hollywood movie road shows. This led to a two years’ engagement at Agua Caliente Casino, outside Tia Juana. During that time she commuted to Hollywood to do a dancing turn is "Dante’s Inferno.” The picture failed, but not Rita. Her real chance was with War ner Baxter in "Under the Pampas Moon,” and her first good part was tvith the late Warner Oland in "Charlie Chan in Egypt." Not long after that she moved to Columbia and adopted her mother’s family name, plus a “y" to simplify its pronunciation. ‘Cover Girl’ Did It Her fan following dates from a small role with Cary Grant and Jean Arthur in "Only Angels Have Wings." Soon after that Ann Sheri dan refused to do "Strawberry Blonde" with James Cagney and Olivia De Havilland. Rita stepped in, and her stock flew up. After that it was the Spanish charmer in "Blood and Sand." Then a ^-star ring role with Fred Astaire in "You’ll Never Get Rich." Follow ing that. “My Gal Sal” and a re peat with Astaire in "You Were Never Lovelier." But it remained for "Cover Girl," with its sincere tale of a hoofer from Brooklyn, to really put her on top. And now it’s time out until another "Cover Girl” or a little "Man from Mars” makes its appearance, and maybe later on—history. • • • A Delayed Reward Harold 8. Bucquet, who'll direct "Without Love,” didn't need the backing of Katharine Hepburu to get him the job. He's been turning out fine pictures for years. . . . Bar bara Stanwyck broke all the Hays 1 rules, including the ban on sweaters, in "Double Indemnity." It’s a knockout picture. She chooses her parts for variety. In that, she mur dered her husband. In her next, she played a sympathetic mother, and nnu; (he's doinff comedy. All-Purpose Bulletin Board for Kitchen —- • ; FOR MEMENTOS AND REMINDERS HERE is a bulletin board and blackboard that is easy to make and is so decorative that you will enjoy having it in the kitchen, the upstairs or the down stairs hall; the rumpus room; the children’s room or that private corner called one’s own. Teen age girls and boys also love having a bulletin board in their rooms. Dad will find a thousand uses for one of these gayly decorated boards in his study, or den, or over his workbench in the basement. Mom will find one handy in th^ sewing room where she can Pi«w% up fashion ideas and pattern in struction sheets for reference. BEAUTY SCHOOL DON’T BE A SLACKER " Be tiiciepemlent while the men totks ere in the service Unroll In Nebraska's oldest beauty school Graduates now earning from $25 to $75 weekly. Write CALIFORNIA BEAUTY SCHOOL Omiibii. Nebraska ~J E RSEY HEIFERS” a 100 very high grade Jersey heifers da horned and tested to go anywhere. STEPHEN A. CARR. COLLINS, IOWA. CLASSIFIED DEPARTMENT PERSONAL Cheek Up On Yourself. Send 10c coin or •tamps for Psychological Chart prepared by world famed teacher. Mt. Washington Pubs., 3880-82 San Rafael, Los Angeles, 31, Calif. Plain Flag The red flag of Zanzibar has the unique distinction of bearing ne emblematic design or distinguish ing mark of any kind. ; WHY TAKE MASH LAXATIVES? Simple Fresh Fruit Drink Makes Purgatives Unnec essary for Most People Here’s a way to overcome con stipation without harsh laxatives. Drink juice of 1 Sunkist Lemon in a glass of water first thing on arising. Most people find this all they need—stimulates normal bowel ac tion day after day I Lemon and water is good for you. Lemons are among the rich est sources of vitamin C, which combats fatigue, helps resist colds ^ and infections. They supply vain- m able amounts of vitamins B, and ™ P. They pep up appetite. They alkalinize, aid digestion. Lemon and water has a fresh tang too— dears the mouth, wakes you up, starts you going. Try this grand wake-up drink 10 mornings. See if it doesn’t help ! Use California Sunkist ons. »VNU—U ~2S344 For You To Feel Well *4 hours every dny, 7 days every week, never stopping, the kidneys filter waste matter from the blood. If more people were aware of bow the kidneys must constantly remove sur plus fluid, excess acids and other waste matter that cannot stay in the blood without injury to health, there would be better understanding of wAy the whole system is upset when kidneys fail to function properly. Burning, scanty or too frequent urina tion sometimes warns that something is wrong. You may suffer nagging back i ache, headaches, dizziness, rheumatic pains, getting up at nights, swelling. Why not try Doan's PillsT You will be using a medicine recommended the country over. Doan's stimulate the func tion of the kidneys and help them to flush out poisonous waste from the blood. They contain nothing harmful. Get Doan's today. Use with confidence. At all drug stores.