WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS
Major Aerial Blows Smash Germany;
Allies Finish Conquest of Solomons
As Troops Entrench in Green Islands;
Cut Civilians’ Share of Canned Goods
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____________ Released by Western Nfwipipfr Union. ---—
China—Chiang Kai-shek's infantrymen are shown sweeping through
•treeta of Changteh, capital of China’a rice howl, after bitter forty-day
hottlo with Japanese, in which the city changed hands four times. Few
of the city's 10,000 buildings remained undamaged.
SOLOMONS:
Campaign Ending
"For all ctrategic military pur
poses. this completes the campaign
for the Solomons Islands.”
Thus spoke Gen. Douglas MacAr
thur after U. S. and New Zealand
troops landed in the Green Islands
in the northern Solomons, cutting off
22,000 Japs in their last strongholds
from their supply bases of Rabaul
and Kavieng. Hemmed in by the
Allies' newest positions, even the
Japs' efficient barge system by
which they have been able to Send in
supplies at night in almost undistin
guishable craft, now is jeopardized.
Because the Japs' communications
have been hampered by the Allies’
landings. General MacArthur said:
“With . . . their barge traffic para
lyzed. relief of these scattered gar
risons is no longer practicable and
their ultimate fate is sealed . . .”
Thus did the Solomons campaign
begun August 7, 1942, approach its
victorious conclusion.
EUROPE:
Pave Invasion Path
France’s Invasion coast of Calais
received steady aerial pounding as
the big hour for the second front
neared, while Allied and German
armies slugged it out below Rome
in Italy.
As masses of Allied bombers
rocked the Calais area, where the
enemy has installed heavy defenses
and rocket guns, other planes car
ried on a 2,800-ton raid on Berlin,
leaving the oft-battered German cap
ital smoking in ruins. Of 900 bomb
ers participating, 45 were lost.
Allied forces at the Anzio beach
head below Rome fought viciously
to break the armored steel ring the
Germans closed around them, and
U. S. airmen hammered at Nazi sup
ply lines feeding embattled enemy
troops in the region. Forty miles to
the southeast, doughboys inched
ahead in the Cassino mountains,
struggling for heights dominating
the enemy’s supply routes in the
area. Shattered by Flying Forts
seeking to prevent its use by the
Germans, the historic abbey of Cas
sino founded by St. Benedict in 529
A. D.. lay in rubble.
AXIS PROPERTY:
In U. S. Hands
More than 300 business enterprises
and 30,000 patents controlled by Axis
nations in the U. a.
have been seired by
the Alien Property
Custodian Leo T.
Crowley, and the
operation and use of
many of them are
being carried on for
benefit of the Amer
ican war effort.
Patents of great
military value nave — ——
been licensed on a Leo Crowley
royalty free and
non-exclusive basis to American in
terests and 100 businesses have been
taken over by U. S. management for
the production of dyestuffs, photo
graphic equipment, electrical appa
ratus, optical instruments and phar
maceuticals.
Valued at 375 million dollars, Axis
investments seized by the Alien Prop
erty Custodian include trademarks,
copyrights, real and personal prop
erty. ships, and property adminis
tered by the courts in addition to
the businesses and patents. Cash
and securities are being held by the
treasury.
CANNED GOODS:
Cut Civilians’ Share
With civilian*’ share of canned
fruits and vegetables sharply cut in
1944-'45 under a government order,
the War Food administration is com
pleting work on ceiling prices of ma
jor fresh vegetables, 10 of which al
ready are under control.
As compared with 30 million cases
of canned fruits available to civil
ians in 1943-’44, only 17,000,000 cases
will be allotted in 1944-’45, it was
revealed. Against 128,000,000 cases
of vegetables, only 104,000,000 will
be released. In all, canners must
reserve 70 per cent of their fruit
and 50 per cent of their vegetable
production for military and lend
lease purposes.
Storage Holdings
Reflecting record farm production
in 1943, the U. S. larder was well
stocked as of February 1, with the
following holdings as of that date:
Beef, 240,738,000 pounds; pork,
643.798.000 pounds; lamb and mut
ton, 34,373,000 pounds; lard, 230,490,
000 pounds; butter, 129,952,000
pounds; frozen poultry, 239,800,000
pounds; shell eggs, 761,000 cases of
30 dozen each; frozen eggs, 81,077,
000 pounds; and American cheese,
143.370.000 pounds.
Frozen fruits, 208,582,000 pounds,
and frozen vegetables, 107,108,000
pounds.
WAR CONTRACTS:
Cancellation Payments
To enable business to make a
quick reconversion from arms to
civilian production. Senators George
(Ga.) and Murray (Mont.) intro
duced a bill in the senate calling for
compensation to manufacturers with
in 30 days after cancellation of
their war contracts.
In making compensation, the gov
ernment would reimburse the manu
facturers for their expenses, and al
low for profit on the work done. All
payments would be subject to final
adjustment.
Since it was estimated 100,000
prime contracts and 1,000,000 sub
contracts may be cancelled when the
war ends. Senator George said pro
vision of working capital to manu
facturers at this crucial stage was
necessary for building the foundation
for full-employment in the postwar
period.
Since it also estimated that the
government might have 75 billion
dollars of war goods on its hands
when hostilities cease, Senator
George's senate committee on post
war planning recommended orderly
sale of this surplus so as not to
disrupt normal markets.
RUSSIA:
Peace Talk
Chewing deeply into German lines
all along the 800 mile front, Russian
troops continued to roll back the
Germans in the north, central and
southern sectors. Although the Nazis
engaged in stubborn holding actions,
they were forced to pick up their
stakes and move backward under
the unyielding pressure of the Reds.
While fighting fanned into the Bal
tic states, feverish diplomatic activ
ity was reported in Helsingfors. Fin
land, where the dominant Social
Democratic party demanded efforts
be made to secure peace with Rus
sia, but the government resisted in
the face of statements that Moscow
called for unconditional
occupation of
ishment
MODERN EDUCATION:
Proposes New Courses
Among the foremost In the devel
opment of modern education, Presi
dent Robert May
nard Hutching of
Chicago university
hag called for aboli
tion of the "colossal
frivolities" of pres
ent day schools.
Although football
was among the fri
volities assailed by
Dr. Hutchins, his
chief criticism was
directed against the
Dr. Hutchins
present metnoas oi
educating students by standard
courses, which he called the "adding
machine” system of summing up
credits.
Declaring the present system of
eight years of elementary schooling,
four years of high school and four
years of college were full of dupli
cation and wasted effort. Dr. Hutch
ins said colleges could be closed
without affecting liberal education in
any way. For present day college
teaching. Dr. Hutchins would sub
stitute lectures, general reading and
general examinations.
NURSES:
28,000 Students Needed
To maintain the national health at
minimum standards, the U. S. Cadet i
Nurses corps must recruit 28,000 j
more students by July 1, to bring |
total enrollment to 65,000 for the pe
riod beginning last September. To
bring service up to 1941 levels, 115,000
student nurses would have to be re
cruited during the 10 month period.
Shortages of nurses first began to
be felt in 1942, with many hospitals
being compelled to close depart
ments for lack of personnel. Chief
bottleneck in training now is in the
scarcity of instructors, with many
graduate nurses being offered schol
arships to take teaching courses.
Heroic service of U. S. nurses on
the battlefronts has been brought
sharply to the fore during the bitter
beachhead fighting below Rome,
where five of them have been killed
by shell-fire and aerial bombard
ment, while attending the wounded
in field hospitals.
Now the 3,000 residents of
Batesville, Ind., know how it feel*
when manna is showered from
heaven!
When a break occurred in the
pumping equipment of a pipeline
running through the town from
Texas to the East, the dry bed
of a creek was flooded with gas,
threatening the local water sup
ply.
While volunteers feverishly
built an emergency dam to pre
vent the gas from spilling into the
water reservoir, some townspeo
ple gathered along the creek with
buckets, tubs and barrels to scoop
up the precious fuel and lug it
home, while others backod their
cars to the site and filled their
tanks with dippers.
NATIONAL INCOME:
For Formers
Out of America's record national
income of $141,717,000,000 in 1943,
the U. S. farmers’ share was esti
mated at $19,009,000,000 from sale
of crops and produce. Because of
increased returns from livestock and
livestock products, income jumped
$4,000,000,000 over 1942.
In the face of record marketings,
receipts from hogs were high in all
sections, with a 41 per cent boost
in the western north central regions.
Because of higher average prices.
Income from poultry and e^gs rose,
with Georgia's intake doubling.
Returns from wheat fluctuated, in
creasing 13 per cent in north central
regions, with North Dakota alone en
joying a 40 per cent boost, but
slumping 2 per cent in the western
area, with Kansas City showing a 5
per cent drop. Although cotton in
come jumped 29 per cent in the
West, it fell 24 per cent in the west
ern north central regions and 5 per
cent in the south central area. Re
ceipts in the South Atlantic region
approximated 1942.
Because of soaring receipts in the
north Atlantic and south central re
gions, income from oil bearing crops
leaped 70 per cent higher, and re
turns from vegetables and truck
crops increased in all regions, with
the south Atlantic showing the big
gest gain.
For W orkers
The American workers’ share of
the national income for 1943 amount
ed to $100,603,000,000—nearly $21,
000,000,000 more than in the preced
ing year, and $48,000,000,000 more
than in 1929.
Payments of $1,561,000,000 in in
terest and dividends during Decerj
ber, brought total disburse!
this kind to $9,1
Not
Washington Dipest/
Status of Commonwealth
Worry to Mother Country
England Wants Closer Cohesion of Domain;
Lord Halifax’s Statement Opens Con
troversial Subject in Canada.
By BAUKIIAGE
News Analyst and Commentator.
WNU Service, Union Trust Building,
Washington, D. C.
One of the most beautiful build
ings in Washington is the Pan-Amer
ican Union with palm-and-parakeet
ed patio, its great lily pond with an
ancient Inca idol idly dreaming be
tide its waters. j
But there is one valuable object
d’art in the cellar, swathed in pro
tecting burlap and excelsior which
is not displayed. It is a chair which
matches a suite of 21 others which
stand around a great table in the
hall of the Americas, each of which
bears the seal of a Latin-American
republic.
The chair in the cellar has the
genial beaver, Canada's national pet.
carved upon it.
The news is that that chair is
threatening to burst out of its cere
ments and walk on its four legs up
the cellar steps to its place at the
table.
Two men, more than any others,
are responsible for the restlessness
of this piece of furniture. One is
tall, gray, dynamic Leighton McCar
thy, Canadian ambassador to the
United States. The other is Prime
Minister Mackenzie King.
There probably never has been a
time in history when the United
States and Great Britain have been
closer in thought and action, despite
their multifold points of difference in
peace time, than they are today.
But, paradoxically, it is some of the
Doints of difference that have
brought Canada nearer to the Unit
ed States than Our Lady of the
Snows has ever been before. The
United States very nearly occupies
the position of an interpreter between
the mother country and the domain
on some points, but the great bond
between the Yanks and the Canucks
is probably the simple, common
sense fact that we look upon Canada
as Rudyard Kipling (who once al
most became an American citizen)
wrote, (making Canada the speak
er) :
"Daughter am I in my mother’s
house, but mistress in my own."
The *Tentative*
That is why so many people in
Canada or the States were NOT
surprised when the government in
Ottawa and the^Canadian press re
jected politely but firmly what the
diplomats call a "tentative" put
forth by Lord Halifax, British am
bassador to the United States a week
or so ago.
That is why so many people in the
United States and Canada who pon
der such matters WERE surprised
that Lord Halifax, undoubtedly with
the advice and consent of that fre
quent visitor at the White House,
Winston Churchill, broached the sug
gestion at all. (The fact that Mr.
Churchill said emphatically that
Lord Halifax was speaking for him
self, not the British government,
merely proves—well, you know how
diplomacy works.)
Lord Halifax had said:
"But what is. I believe, both
desirable and necessary is that
in all the field of interests, com
mon to every part of the Com
monwealth—in foreign policy, in
defense, in economic affairs, in
colonial questions and in com
munications—we should leave
nothing undone to bring our peo
ple into closer unity of thought
and action. It may be that we
shall find it desirable to main
tain and extend our present war
time procedure of planning and
consultation, which itself adapt
ed and extended the methods we
practiced in time of peace. The
question admits of no easy an
swer."
Now let me say at this point, if
there are any Fenians or their de
scendants in my audience, who think
I am stirring up anti-British feeling
or echoing the anglophobia of the
Colonel McCosmics. let them take_
no comfort from me. I
ing the attitude of
loyal subjeej
Majesty
king ai]
As
necessary for her strength. She
wants a closer cohesion of the Com
monwealth. Lord Halifax made the
suggestion, not officially, and with
great restraint.
Earlier, Field Marshal Jan Smuts
of the Union of South Africa had
made a speech urging closer co
operation of the smaller European
countries with the United Kingdom.
On the Monday following Lord
Halifax’s speech. Prime Minister
Mackenzie King was questioned con
cerning its meaning in the Canadian
house of commons.
King stated that he was sure the
speech had been misinterpreted,
that he had been assured that it was
not the official attitude of the British
government, but he also said it was
"unfortunate.” He said further:
"With what is implied in the
argument employed by both
these eminent public men (Hali
fax and Smuts), I am unable
to agree.”
Then he made this statement:
"In meeting world issues of
security, employment and social
standards, we must join not only
with commonwealth countries
but with all like-minded states,
if our purposes and ideals are
to prevail. . Our commitments
on these great issues must be
part of a general scheme, wheth
er they be on a world basis or
regional in nature.
We look forward, therefore,
to close collaboration in the in
terests of peace not only inside
the British commonwealth, but
also with all friendly nations,
small as well as great.”
The Canadian press of all parties,
I am told by Canadian officials here,
showed a unanimity in supporting
the prime minister seldom wit
nessed in Canada.
This means that since Canadian In
terests lie in this hemisphere to a
great extent, where hemispheric
solidarity is essential to the welfare
of all of the nations concerned, it
is sheer folly to keep a perfectly
good piece of furniture in the base
ment of the Pan-American Union
that belongs at its natural place at
the table. "Won’t you sit down, Mr.
McCarthy?”
• • •
Basis for
Industrial Cooperation
Quite aside from any diplomatic
considerations, plain business men
and others interested in hemispheric
solidarity are considering a basis
for Canadian-American industrial
cooperation.
The Institute of Pacific Relations
says that Alaska, the Yukon, Mac
Kenzie Valley, northern British Co
lumbia and Alberta constitute a vast
area of potential economic develop
ment:
"Air routes to Alaska and the
nearest sources of supply (or
military supplies, such as oil, lie
through or in the Canadian North
west. As an air route, the future of
the Northwest is assured. Over it
lie the great circle or near great
circle routes, and the economic
routes between the densely populat
ed regions of Asia and North Amer
ica.
"There are mutual strategic and
economic benefits in Canadian-Amer
ican partnership for postwar devel
opment of the Pacific Northwest.”
Exploitation of the natural re
sources in this zone can be devel
oped and is urged through a close
working partnership by the United
States and Canada. This would re
quire the pooling of information, tech
nical facilities and the investment
of private capital (not public funds).
This is the type of industrial cooper
ation that has characterized the eco
nomic history of the two countries
in the past. The comment^
"Already two gi;
in Joint
menu
New Fungicide Is
Successful in Tests
Organic Compound Also
Used to Immunize Seed
Plant fungi may soon' be con
trolled effectively by an organic fun
gicide, and the billion dollar annual
loss to agriculture appreciably re
duced, says the American Chemical
society. Two research chemists, W.
P. Ter Horst and E. L. Felix, have
applied a long known compound to
a new use, and they report marked
success in their experiments.
The chemical, now called only by
its scientific name, 2,3-dichloro-l, 4
napthoquinone, may be employed ei
ther to treat seeds or to spray fo
liage. Studies made during the last
five years show the compound is
capable of controlling 22 important
and widely divergent fungi. It Is
hoped that the new fungicide will
supplement or replace compounds of
sulphur, copper and mercury whose
present scarcity and known limita
tions render them ineffectual In bat
tling fungus enemies.
Immunizes Peas, Beans.
The fungus-killing power of the
chemical was determined first on a
test fungus on peas in a green
house. Maximum control of the fun
gus under the most favorable con
ditions for disease development was
obtained at a dosage of 0.56 to 1.12
ounces per bushel of seed. Practi
cal control was obtained at 0.28
ounce per bushel, equal to one thir
ty-second per cent by seed weight.
"The material has given good re
sults also on lima beans at 0.20
ounce per bushel and on corn at
0.25 ounce per bushel,” the report
continues. "It has given fair con
trol of the fungi causing cotton
damping-off.
"The fungus causing anthracnose
of the cotton plant attacks and weak
ens the fibers in the boll in the
field. These fibers are lost largely
at ginning. The new fungicide ap
preciably reduced this infection at
a dosage of 0.5 ounce of active ma
terial per bushel of cottonseed ap
plied just before planting. Anthrac
nose control with the chemical is
most striking in the percentage of
healthy plants obtained.
Harmless to Foliage.
“The material appears to be non
injurious to foliage also and offers
considerable promise as a plant
spray against leaf diseases. It is not
compatible with nitrogen-fixing bac
teria.”
The chemical is not a new materi
al, the report explains. Its prepara
tion was recorded in 1867 and de
scribed the following year.
“In agriculture, sulphur, copper,
and organic mercury compounds are
extensively used to control patho
genic fungi. While effective in many
instances, they have disadvantages.
Sulphur, for example, is ineffective
in the control of a number of dis
eases, and during hot weather may
burn the foliage. Repeated use in
creases soil acidity and in the green
house may render soil worthless.
Elemental sulphur is of restricted
value as a seed protector.
“Copper compounds do not con
trol all diseases and may cause
foliage or fruit injury, particularly
during a cold spell. They may
increase aphid population. As seed
protectors, copper compounds are of
limited usefulness. Organic mer
cury compounds, while often highly
effective, are toxic to man and ani
mals.” , ,
Farmers Richer Now
TELEFACT
RISE
1939
1942
1943
/'''OMBINE crocheted medallions
and morning glories to greet
the springtime. Have this viva
cious hat and matching bag to
wear with all your spring outfits.
• * •
Easy as can be to do ... In inexpen
sive straw yarn or cotton. Pattern 7588
contains directions for hat and purse;
stitches.
Due to an unusually large demand and
current war conditions, slightly more time
Is required in filling orders for a few of
the most popular pattern numbers.
Send your order to:
Sewing Circle Needlecraft Dept.
564 W. Randolph St. Chicago 80. in.
Enclose 15 cents (plus one cent to
cover cost of mailing) for Pattern
No.
Name .
Address .
RE LI EWE Ease and soothe chafe. Form
_ _ _ medicated coat of protection
BED between skin and chafing bed
m a nCC clothes with Mcxsana, the
DU If to soothing. medicated powder.
THROW AWAY
HARSH LAXATIVES!
Millions Have Ended Consti
pation with Simple Fresh
Fruit Drink
Don’t form the habit of depend- j
ing on harsh, griping laxatives
until you’ve tried this easy, health
ful way millions now use to keep
regular.
It’s fresh lemon juice and water
taken first thing in the morning—
just as soon as you get up. The
juice of one Sunkist Lemon in a
glass of water. Taken thus, on an
empty stomach, it stimulates
normal bowel action, day after
day, for most people.
And lemons are actively good
tor you. They’re among the richest
sources of Vitamin C, which com
bats fatigue, helps resist colds and
infections. They supply vitamins
Bt and P, aid digestion and help
alkalinize the system. >
Try this grand wake-up drink
10 mornings. See if it doesn’t help
Iou ! Use California Sunkist
emona.