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About The frontier. (O'Neill City, Holt County, Neb.) 1880-1965 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 6, 1944)
_L._-—— WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS _ Red Army Drives Toward Baltic Sea; Partisan Forces Ban Jugoslav Ruler; Allied Heavy Bombers Smash German Gun Installations in Northern France (EDITOR'S NOTE: When opinion* pro expressed In then* column*, (hoy are those of Western Newspaper InloVs news analyst* and not necessarily of this newspaper.) ______—_ Released by Western Newspaper Union. —______ PACIFIC JITTERBUG:-Doughboy* on captured Makin island in the Central Pacific watch somber little native hula dance. EUROPE: Blast Rocket Guns While U. S. and British troops bat tled the Nazis at close quarters in southern Italy, waves of Allied bombers rumbled over northern France to smash at German rocket gun installations. Both on the U. S. Fifth and Brit ish Eighth army fronts in southern Italy, doughboys and Tommies en gaged the Germans in hand-to-hand fighting, Lieut, Gen. Mark Clark’s men fighting for mountain peaks flanking the road to Rome, and Gen. Bernard Montgomery's warriors striving to clear the path to the highway hub of Pescara. As reports continued to seep into Britain and the U. S. of the Ger mans’ new rocket gun capable of hurling an explosive charge of from 7 to 21 tons about 20 miles, Allied bombers combed the French chan nel coast around Calais to blast at the installations for the new weapon. Ban h ing Charging that the war minister of the Jugoslav government-in-exile had made a ‘ lasting deal with the Germans and organized civil •trite against patriotic elements, Josip (Tito) Broz's communist backed Partisan forces forbade King Peter's return to the country until after the war. Broz’s action followed the attachment of U. S.( British and Russian King I’eter officers to his staff, as a result of the Allies’ preference for the Partisan forces over King Pe ter's Chetniks because they have been offering the Germans more re sistance. Further, Broz’s political council canceled all treaties and interna tional obligations of King Peter's government, on the supposition it no longer was representative of the people. VETS: Discharge Pay To every vet discharged after 18 months of service overseas would go $500 under provisions of a bill passed by the senate and sent to the house for consideration. Vets serving abroad for IS to 18 months would be paid $400 and those less than 12 months. $300. Vets with 12 months or more service in the U. S. would get $300, and those with less than 12 months, $200. In the house, 44 representatives have organized for higher discharge payments, favoring Rep. William Lemke’s bill providing $100 on re lease and up to a year's pay. MJSSIA: **Match Wits Russian and German generals matched wits along an 800 mile front as winter fighting flared to major proportions in the east. While the Reds surged Into Ger man lines guarding the Baltic re gion, the Nazis threw strong tank forces against the Russians on a 400-mile stretch further to the south. Thus did one attack act as a lever •gainst the other. The Russian drive was concentrat ed on reaching the shores of the Bal tic sea: (1) to cut off Nazi armies In the Leningrad region from those to the south, and (2) to cut off ship ping at present helping supply them over Baltic lanes. r RAIL STRIKE: FDR Intervenes Seeking to avert a strike of 1,450, 000 railroad workers which threat ened to tie up the nation’s whole transportation system, President Roosevelt acted to bring the unions and owners together, while orders were drawn for U. S. operation of the lines in case negotiations failed. Following a suggestion of FDR, the basis for compromise seemingly lay in pnyment of overtime to the rail workers after 40 hours, instead of after 48 hours as has been the case. For the 350,000 operating employ ees of the roads, the overtime pay coupled with a flat four cents an hour wage increase, would result in on average hourly boost of eight cents. Besides the eight cents an hour for which they threatened to strike, the 1,100.000 non-operating rail em ployees also proposed overtime pay over 40 hours. Under their terms, their average hourly increase would exceed eight cents. SOUTHWEST PACIFIC: i rungs to Lome A thorn in the Allies’ shipping lanes to the Southwest Pacific, Ja pan's Marshall islands took heavy poundings from U. S. army and navy planes, while off to the New Britain area, Yankee airmen blast ed the enemy's supply centers of Wewak and Cape Gloucester. In both cases the destructive aeri al bombardment presaged ground action. As a springboard for future ground operations, U. S. troops stood on the Gilberts, to the south of the Marshalls, and in New Britain, doughboys recently landed at Arawe consolidated their positions and poised to the north, looking toward the Cape Gloucester region from which the enemy has been supply ing its embattled troops on New Guinea to the east. To meet the Allies’ challenge to their whole defensive system in the Southwest Pacific, the Japs strength ened their air forces throughout the area, and poured in supplies for their troops. Stays on Job “MacArthur for President!” A rallying cry for some politicians, a popular topic for the man on the General MacArthur street, these three big words have tended to color the 1944 presiden tial picture. Recently MacArthur talk received two strong stimulants: First, there was the war department's rul ing that there was no bar to any officer ac cepting a political nom ination. Second, the rumor gained currency that uie cut-Ksure cmeitain or the South west Pacific was preparing to return to the U. S. for conferences in Wash ington, D. C. It was pointed out that MacAr thur’s reigning goal is to lead Allied armies back into the Philippines. However, from General MacAr thur’s advanced headquarters in New Guinea's jungles, a spokesman for the general said: "There is no foundation whatsoever for the state ment that General MacArthur ex pects to go to Washington in the near future for conferences." HIGHLIGHTS • • • in the week's news RICE: This year rice production reached the highest level in history at more than 70 million bushels, 48 per cent above the ten-year aver age, 1932-42. BOMBER: A new "super” bomb ing plane that is called better than the B-29, itself a new wonder, is now in production, according to the chairman of the house military af fairs committee. EGGS: So splendidly have Amer ican hens responded to the call for ! more production that eggs are com ing into wholesale markets in great er volume than they can be sold or s.ored, dealers report. They attrib ute the increased supplies partly to the fact that last spring's pullets are ; now beginning to lay. Another fac tor is the lack of a government pro gram for dried eggs. BOLIVIA: New Government First order of business on the new Bolivian revolutionary government’s calendar was compensating survi vors of the 19 striking tin miners shot by troops under direction of the ousted Gen. Enrique Penaianda last December. As calm was restored in the coun try, U. S. withheld recognition of the new government, to determine whether it was a successful pro-Axis coup in view of the fact that the guiding light of the movement, Paz Estenssoro, was once locked up in connection with pro-Nazi activities. U. S. interest in Bolivia centers around its rich tii; and quinine re sources, among the last left to the Allies following Japan's occupation of Malaya and the Indies. The revo lutionists have expressed a desire to continue favorable business rela tions with the Allies, a matter on which General Penaranda himself had hedged. STORAGE: Seek to Ease Glut With U. S. food storage facilities crammed, many meat packers have been selling pork products below ceiling prices or in carload lots at a discount. At the same time, it was revealed that the War Food admin istration prepared an order restrict ing storage of such meat special ties as hogs’ heads, bones, ox tails, tripe, hearts and liver to 10 days without permit. Meanwhile, WFA extended its price support of $13.75 per hundred weight to 270 to 300 pound hogs, because, (1) packers have been buy ing bargains outside of the 200 to 270 pound support range and guar anteed weights have been piling up in the yards; (2) farmers have been sending 200 to 270 pounders off to market to get the $13.75 top. Troop Gliders I GlIDtl NllAStD »r TOW KAf^i 1. CUM» UNOS ON SKIDS x noon kush out o» nosi [ 4. JtfES AND OTHfl HfAW fQUlPMfNT POUOW CORN BORER: New Treatment Irked by the corn borer's dam age, 29-year-old John Bell of Wat seka, 111., hit on the idea of curbing the pests by making the stalk of the plant distasteful. A soil expert for a fertilizer con cern, Bell worked for three years on his project, reaching the point where he planned to submit his product to the University of Illinois' agrono mists for testing. Mixing commercial fertilizer with combinations of minor plant food es sentials, Bell spread his product over 1V4 acres of a 42-acre corn plot in fested by borers. Shortly after, It was seen that the borers began leav ing the treated tract, which yielded 22 bushels more than the other acres. Although the compound absorbed by the stalk is unpalatable to the borers, it is not toxic to livestock, tests showed. GREAT BRITAIN: Migrations Planned Actual contacts of many Britons with the many parts of the king dom's far-flung empire have aroused their interest to resettle in Australia, Canada, New Zealand and South Af rica after the war. Circulating among the population, numbers of soldiers from the domin ions have acquainted Britons with opportunities existent in their coun tries, and British youth now being trained in South Africa have inter ested folks about its wealth and cli mate in letters home. But while dominion representa tives in London have been besieged by inquiries as to taxes, education and resettlement financing in their countries, the dominion governments themselves were said to be chiefly concerned with reemployment of re turning war vets before immigra tion. TAX REFUNDS: Cash refunds will go to about 16 million taxpayers on their 1943 pay ments, when March 15 arrives, gov ernment experts figure. The rebates will be made to wage earners who have paid in more than they owe un der the “pay-as-you-go" collection system. On the other hand, it is pointed out that many of the other 35 mil lion taxpayers will wind up the year owing the government, and will have to make additional payments. Many refunds, it was said, will be small. Wa$hii\9ton Dipestj ’Realistic' Attitude Marks Change in Allied Diplomacy New Journey Into International Cooperation Combines Idealism and Realism; Step Away From Old Style Power Alliances. By BAUKHAGE News Analyst and Commentator. WNU Service, Union Trust Building, Washington, D. C. What kind of a man is Stalin? That question was put to President Roosevelt at the White House press and radio conference on the day of his return to Washington from Eu rope. He was tanned, alert, cheer ful, still pulsing with the conscious ness of achievement. His answer, which came without a second’s hesi tation, 1 thought, vas significant. Stalin, he said, was a realist, Just like himsel*'. I am not particularly interested in the accuracy of that answer, either as an analysis of Stalin or self analysis of the President. But to me the fact that the President chose realism as the outstanding and com mon characteristic of himself and the man on whose word and deed so much of the future depends, was, I think, significant. On the whole, in the light of later pronouncements, use of that term seems a good omen rather than a bad one. Mr. Roosevelt is committed to a plan for the postwar world which leans toward the ideal, rather than toward the old style diplomatic "realism” which is nothing but tooth and-claw tactics behind a laundered facade of protocol. I think the American people have shown plainly that they are more interested in stopping -or at least postponing— wars than they are in the slogans of the isolationists or the imperialists. Granted that, the fact that Roose velt emphasizes the "realist” side when he speaks, gives one a feeling that he and Stalin and Churchill have been able to reach some rough agreements that are practical enough to work, and yet are a little less earthy than the old power alli ances, which always end in wars and always will. The Conference I recall very well that crowded news conference for which friend and foe alike turned out to see what the President looked like after his trip. One hundred and seventy-nine working press and radio correspond ents were there, not counting offi cials. The innocent expected some hot, inside stuff; the cynical hoped the President would reveal errors by concealing them; the average re porter knew it was going to be a good story one way or the other. Everyone was satisfied. Those who yearned for the dramatic got the story of the German plot which didn’t come off. Those who were looking for trouble were gratified that he revealed no new concrete de velopments. The objective reporter got his quota of news, for everything a President says is that. But the two remarks of the Presi dent stood out in my mind—the one I mentioned (realism) and another, made almost as soon as the last of us had squeezed into the crowded oval office, and they were, I be lieve, most revealing as far as our future foreign policy goes. Those in the first row had time to take in the President’s cheerful and informal appearance—the colored shirt and the pull-over sweater J which he had worn on his trip—and ! which, because of one meeting fol ! lowing another from the moment he arrived at the White House, he still wore. He had been on the job since 9:30 a. m.—it was then after four. As soon as the signal that the last reporter was in the room was given, the President began to speak of the success of the trip, and he said that those who shared with him in the hopes of a durable peace (he referred to Russia, Britain, China) were motivated by the determina tion that there would not be another war while this generation lives. I must admit that the words at first struck me a little coldly— "while this generation lives.’’ Not much long-range optimism there, I thought. But afterward and since his later pronouncements, general though they have been, I feel a lit tle better about it. It seems to me that perhaps we are at last em barked upon an adventure in inter national cooperation with enough idealism to keep our eyes on the heavens and enough realism to keep i our feet on the ground. That is my New Year's hope and wish. r Analysis of a Reporter’s Job As I sit down to my typewriter, I sometimes try to visualize the people who will read what I write— just as I try to visualize the little groups gathered about the loud speaker when I talk to them. Sometimes I shudder lest they ex aggerate the importance of the things we reporters report. I am not a bit different from the anxious anonymous reporter who, after the last war, still clad in his khaki shirt, wearing the OD (it’s “GI” now) tie and trench coat, who came down to work and stumbled around the various offices and meet ings getting his stories and writing them under the eagle eye of the copy desk. The reason I am worried now is because I hear so many people talk about the things “the Washington correspondent” writes—or says on the radio—as gospel. Well, most of us try to report what we see and hear. We don't always know wheth er it is true or false. We just try to tell you about it. Most of us label what we know and what we think. Some do not. Sometimes when we talk with peo ple we think really ought to know, we report what they say with a lit tle more confidence. If we can’t quote the “Brass Hat” or the cabi net officer or the senator who told us this or that we say “authoritative quoters.” We are supposed to know from experience whether what we hear is sound fac* or just wishful thinking. The longer we live, the better we are able to judge between the real people and the phonies. Most old timers in the government don’t try to fool reporters because they know they can only do that once. Maybe twice. You know the old Scotch proverb: “If he cheats you once, shame on him; if he cheats you twice, shame on you.” Many people think that unless we attack the party in power, we must be in favor of it. That isn’t true. We know, as the old bull said, “One cow is much as another.” We know that despite the different party re galia politicians display, they are really pretty much alike once they get into office—not as good as they might be for the most part, seldom as bad as the opposition paints them. The Active Element But the party in power is the ac tive element, it makes news because it does things. The minority merely objects. We report what is done. Not because we approve or disap prove of what is done but because that is a concrete act. The opposi tion can do little more than oppose. That is negative. We know that if the opposition were in power, it might do the same thing, and the party in power, which would then be the minority, would object. That is hard for the partisan lay man to understand. We know that. We have ideas, too, and the party in power usually has some pretty good ones which the minority has to ob ject to, merely on party grounds. Not being of either party we, the reporters, may also become parti sans not really of the party but of some of the party’s ideas. It is hard to make some people believe that we are not partisan when we are objective, easy to make others believe we are not when we are. I have covered Republican and Democratic regimes. I have cov ered one Democratic regime a long time. I certainly hope, for the good of the state, that I shall be able to cover a regime of the Republican party, not because I think it is per se better or worse than the Demo cratic regime but because I think a change is good for the republic. When the next administration comes in, I shall report what it does. I shall lean, in spite of myself, to ward the constructive issues it pro mulgates. But that won’t, I hope, make me a Republican any more than my leanings toward the con structive side in this regime make me a Democrat. I am neither. I am, and hope to remain, a reporter. But, as beauty lies in the eye of the beholder, so truth often lies in the ear of the listener. B R I E F S • . . by Baukhage Best seller in Britain today is a booklet on how to stretch a clothes coupon. Called “Make Do and Mend," the booklet offers the Brit ish housewife a wealth of informa tion cm how to utilize her old clothes and household linen to the last thread—by methods which would have made her shudder in peace time. The booklet is one of the most I popular publications. Two hundred Australian girls re cently attended the first meeting In Melbourne of a club whose mem bership is limited to Australian girls either married to or engaged to American servicemen. The object is to enable girls who may later be come neighbors in America to be come acquainted in Australia. They feel they can be of mutual assist ance in solving new problems. Thrifty Practices Save Feed in Winter i Hay and Silage Can Be Substituted for Grain Much has been said this year about how to save dairy feed con centrates. E. J. Perry, extension dairyman at Rutgers university, suggests checking up on manage ment methods once more to see that no valuable feed is wasted. During the barn feeding period, he says, feed little or no grain to high testing breeds producing less than 15 pounds and to low testing breeds producing less than 10 pounds of milk daily, but feed all the hay and silage the animals will eat. Limit the grain for dry cows, de pending upon condition and fleshing of the individual. Prior to freshen ing* however, condition cows by feeding some grain if necessary. Utilize supplemental pasture such as barley, rye, wheat, second growth clover, or second and third growth alfalfa for late fall or early spring pasture. Grind or crush corn and cereal grains used in the grain mixture. A coarse to medium grind is preferred to finely ground material, especially where wheat is concerned. Utilize miscellaneous forages, such as pumpkins or turnips, to replace roughages or grain for cows and growing heifers. One ton of pump kins equals 400 pounds of mixed hay or 800 pounds of corn silage; one ton of turnips equals 500 pounds of mixed hay or 250 pounds of oats. Changing Kind of Hay. The choice of hay, and the man ner of feeding are also important considerations. Even if your rough age is the best, it may not be doing a 100 per cent efficient job if your cows grow tired of it. When this happens, there should be changes made, a hay of a different plant source fed, if possible. Even chang ing the hay to an inferior quality will often cause production to pick up because the animals will eat more of it for a time. When con sumption again decreases, another change can be made. With hay of poor quality, enough of it should be allowed so that the cows may have opportunity to pick over it. Smaller amounts fed at more fre quent intervals is also a good hay feeding policy. Some dairymen who have the highest producing herds feed hay four or five times a day. Calves Need Vitamins. Calf feeding hay should be bright, free from dust and leafy. One of the best calf hays is early cut clover— timothy mixed hay. The calves need the vitamins A and D that are in it to build strong healthy bodies. Too many farmers call their poor est hay “bull hay.” In light of the most recent information, bulls should get hay of equal quality with the milking herd. The production man agement of the herd, as far as fresh ening dates of the cattle are con cerned, depends upon the bull. So. American Livestock TELEFACT ; CATTII AND SHEEP PE* INHABITANT USA. 1940 1940 1937 mr I URUGUAY > ARGENTINA cocr lymbot r«pr»s«nfc I orwmal p«r inhabitant Creosoting Posts Will Lengthen Their Service Creosote treatment gives a much longer life to nondurable woods, re cent tests of the durability of fence posts under Mississippi Delta con ditions show. They were conducted by J. E. Davis of the U. of Illinois. Creosote - treated posts were classed after years as either "sound" or “partly decayed but still serviceable.” Among untreated posts, Osage orange was definitely superior to other varieties, but black locust and red mulberry had fairly satisfactory scores. Second-growth bald cypress, honey locust and overcup oak showed seri ous decay, with from less than a half to less than one-fourth of the posts serviceable. An “unservice able” post would break off. Hill-grown black locust proved more durable than posts from trees that grew more rapidly in fertile Del ta soil. There was little difference between posts cut in summer and in winter. The treated posts—in cluding loblolly pine, shortleaf pine, southern cottonwood and sweet gum —were not considered worth test ing without creosote treatment. Rural Briefs When a cow is bred to freshen every 12 months, she can be milked for 10 months and then given a dry period of six to eight weeks. * ‘ * It is reported that a concentrated protein product, similar to dehydrat- I ed egg white, may be derived as a by-product of a new alcohol proc ess in sufficient amount to supply 20 million adults. WhenYourlnnards" are Crying the Blues WHEN CONSTIPATION makes yon feel punk as the dickens, brings on stomach upset, sour taste, gassy discomfort, take Dr. Caldwell’s famous medicine to quickly r pull the trigger on lazy “innards”, and help you feel bright and chipper again. | DR. CALDWELL’S is the wonderful senna laxative contained in good old Syrup Pep sin to make it so easy to take. 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