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About The frontier. (O'Neill City, Holt County, Neb.) 1880-1965 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 14, 1943)
' WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Allied Heavy Bombers Roam Over Italy To Halt Flow of Nazi Reinforcements; Major Shift in Army Command Heralds New Blows Against European Fortress (EDITOR'S NOTE: When opinions *re espressed In these columns, they are those of Western Newspaper Linton's news analysts and not necessarily of this newspaper.) ____ Released by Western Newspaper Union. __________ ITALY: Rome Is Goal Salerno's beaches won, American and British troops turned to the northward, with Rome their imme diate goal. Having failed to throw the Allies back into the sea at Salerno, Gen. Albert Kesselring's German forces withdrew toward the Naples area, where they were expected to put up another stiff rearguard action in the mountainous terrain. After sharp, brief attacks on Al lied shipping at Salerno, German aircraft disappeared from the skies, end American and British bombers roamed over Italy at will. Seeking to halt the flow of German re-en forcements to the south. Allied planes ripped railroads and high ways. Reports from Naples told of the Nazis' destruction of the city; indi Lieut. Gen. Mark Clark (back ground) tours Italian front with Gen. Harold Alexander, commander of Allied ground force*. eating that the German high com mand intends to ruin every facility that might be of use to occupying Allied forces, Flanking the Italian mainland, the islands of Sardinia and Corsica fell to Allied troops. In Corsica, Italian soldiers joined with “Free French” units in fighting to oust Nazi elements. RUSSIA: New Lines With the Dnieper river in sight, the end of a long Gcjmun retreat along the whole central and southern front in Russia neared. It is along the entire 750 miles of the broad, winding river that the Nazis evident ly intend to make a Analystand *n Russia. Should the Germans fail to hold the Dnieper line, they would be compelled to fall back into Eu rope itself. In the north, the Russians drove past Smolensk, threatening the Nazis' communications with Fin land, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. In this sector, the Reds were only 115 miles from the old Polish border. Only in the extreme south did the Germans hold the Russians at long arm's length from the Dnieper. Evi dently, the Nazis were bitterly re sisting in the area so as to allow the escape of many German troops <n the Crimean peninsula, which con nects with the Russian mainland in this section. Generals Form Union Calling upon Germany to over throw Hitler and establish a govern ment having the confidence of the people and the strength to bring about peace, 100 former Nazi gen erals and other officers hooked up with the "Free German" group or ganized by Russia. Captured at Stalingrad, the for mer Nazi commanders appealed to Germany to . . end the sense less, futile war” which "might any day cause a national catastrophe.” Germany today faces a worse isola tion than in 1918, they contended. Addition of the former Nazi mili tarists to the "Free German" com mittee undoubtedly was for the as surance of order it might promise in case of Germany's internal col lapse. Russia's creation of the “Free German” committee has been seen as a move to incorporate the always potentially strong German nation into its own European order. Independent of Anglo-American plan ning. ALLIED CHIEF: Marshall Named Congress was working itself into a pother over rumors of Gen George u. Marshall s re moval as Ameri can chief of stall when it was re ported that he has been named com mander- in- chiel of all American British forces throughout the world. According tc me rumors mat threw Washington into ferment. Gen. George Marshall had C. Marshall clashed with Brit ish military authorities over the opening of a second front in Europe. Report of his appointment as com mander-in-chief of all Allied forces with control over the British army, however, seemed to spike the ru mors. As American chief of staff. General Marshall was in charge of all army planning, of operations and supply, and his new post undoubted ly was to carry the same responsi bilities. Against Island Hopping Even as air-borne Australian troops landed In northeastern New Guinea In another daring move to cut off the Japanese from supply bases, Gen. Douglas MacArthur re emphasized the pattern of his stra tegic battle-plans in the Southwest Pacific. Assailing the principle of "island hopping”—that is, taking one island after the other—General MacArthur declared: "Key points must, of course, be taken, but a wise choice of such will obviate the need for storming the mass of islands now in enemy possession . . . (which) is not my Idea of how to end the war as soon and as cheaply as possible." Replying to talk he would be shelved, Gen. MacArthur said: "I have no personal military ambitions whatsoever, and am perfectly con tent in such role as may be pre scribed for me." MANPOWER: War Needs Testifying before the senate mili tary affairs committee on the ques tion of drafting dads. Gen. George C. Marshall and Adm. Ernest J. King declared they were interested only in meeting the services’ quota for 1.200.000 men by the end of the year. According to the war manpower commission, 448,000 fathers will have to be inducted if the services' demands are to be met. Marshall and King left the problem of raising the men up to the WMC, but warned against lowering physical standards in reclassifying 4-F’s, or of taking childless married men over 38. In lending the fight against imme diate induction of fathers, Senator Burton K Wheeler sought to estab lish that production was exceeding requirements in certain lines, result ing in a waste of manpower which could be used to better advantage in other industries behind schedule. Wheeler also sought to probe claims that certain employers were over staffing their concerns and raising costs to assure larger profits on con tracts. Distribute Production While congress stewed over the whole manpower question. Chair- I man Donald Nelson of the war produc tion board issued a directive ordering all war agencies not to place contracts in areas where labor shortages exist if they can be filled elsewhere. In this connection, the WPB also de dared that war con Donald Nelson tracts should be ne gotiated, with small er firms being paid premiums to meet higher production costs, so that full use may be made of all manu facturing facilities. In connection with curtailing em ployment in industries whose pro duction exceeds needs, WPB an nounced that hereafter such employ ment would be cut in communities where there was a scarcity of labor in other essential lines. 1 HIGHLIGHTS .. . in the week's news I LEG: A brakeman on the Santa Fe railroad has been awarded $12. 500 for the loss of his leg in an acci dent at Ellinwood, Kan. He had sued for $150,000. • • • MEXICO: The president of Mex ico, Manuel Camacho, has signed an order freezing prices of basic foods, textiles, tires, gasoline and other essential articles. FARM AWARD: Farmers who have achieved "exceptional’' pro duction records will be recognized by an "Agricultural Achievement award" to be presented by the War Foods administration to some farm er in •« ch county. There is also an award for processors. State agri cultural war boards are asked to make nominations. POST-WAR PEACE: Vote to Cooperate The question of nationalism and internationalism came to the front in the house of representatives and both sides came off with honors even. With congress' adoption of the Ful bright resolution, the international* ists won a point through the. meas ure’s provision calling far America’s co-operation in joining with other nations in preserving world peace by any seemingly proper means. On the other hand, the national ists won a point, too, through the resolution's stipulation that congress must approve any plan for such American co-operation. The bill went to the senate, where it faced strong opposition on the grounds that the house was trying to cut in on the senate’s constitutional privilege of advising and consent ing to foreign treaties. WHEAT: CCC Rations Storks Tightening of transportation is complicating the Commodity Credit corporation’s distribution of its wheat stocks for feed. The same difficulty has interfered .with the CCC’8 program for purchasing 15 million bushels of Canadian wheat weekly. Because of the difficulties encoun tered, CCC has rationed wheat to buyers, with big operators formerly ordering 165,000 bushels being cut to 50,000. As of September 11, the CCC re ported, 57,483,457 bushels of new wheat were held in loan, compared with 144.038,388 at the same time last year. Some 1942 wheat also is being held in loan. CCC efforts to call these loans to replenish its stocks, however, probably would re sult in farmers offering the grain on the open market for sale above the loan price. New Synthetic Tube Add to scientific wonders this synthetic Inner tube, called mar vlnol, and made from a new elas to-plastic. According to the manu facturers, the material in the tube is nen-porous, eliminating the usual leakage of two pounds of air weekly in ordinary tubes. In addition, the new tube is fully re claimable in case of a puncture or blowout. U.S. NAVY: Greatest in History With 613 warships and 18,269 planes, the U. S. navy ranks as the greatest in world history. Since 1940, 333 combatant vessels and 15.567 planes of all types have been added in a multi-billion dollar construction program. In addition to the warships. Sec retary of the Navy Frank Knox dis closed that 1,274 mine and patrol craft have been built, along with 12, 964 landing vessels and numerous other smaller boats. Since the outbreak of war. the U. S has lost 1 battleship. 4 air craft carriers, 9 cruisers, 32 destroy ers and 12 submarines, or a total of 58 warships. FARM: Manpower Wastage Approximately 1,300,000 farm fam ilies are prevented from producing at their maximum because of a lack of financing. James G. Patton, presi dent of the National Farmers union, declared. Because they cannot get the credit for purchase of equipment and other facilities, Patton said, these families are producing below their level and thus wasting badly needed manpow er. To help them increase produc tion, Patton suggested creation of a billion dollar loan program. Another source of manpower wast age. Patton said, was the freezing of farm labor in most of the nation’s 3,000 counties. Under provisions of public law 45, Patton pointed out, federal funds for recruiting and transporting farm labor from one area to another are advanced only on approval of the county agent. POST-WAR: Spending Seen Sixty-four per cent of the people interviewed by the U. S. Chamber of Commerce plan to buy one or more major articles in the six months following the end of the war. During this period, they intend to spend three billion dollars on auto mobiles; over one billion dollars on household appliances, chiefly radios and kitchen mixers; over 700 million dollars on household furnishings, and seven billion dollars on new homes. Nation to Be Active Factor In Post-War Peace Plans Majority of American People Ask Participa tion in International Organization To Maintain Harmony. By BAUKHAGE News Analyst and Commentator. WNU Service, Union Trust Building Washington, D. C. Slowly the pattern of America's post-war plans are taking shape, but only the pattern. When congress returned, it was evident that no matter how much disagreement there might be as to the details of the role the United States will play in the post-war world, the people have registered one idea: they want to take part in some kind of an international or ganization to maintain peace. The same opinion turned up in the conversation of three members of congress of widely differing political sentiments with whom I talked shortly after they returned. Speaker Sam Rayburn told me that the one phrase which received the most ap plause in the speeches he made in the Southwest was when he said that the United States must do a man’s job for peace. Two leading Republican senators expressed the same idea, namely, that “the people seem to be of one mind” that America must join in some kind of international effort aft er the war to maintain peace. The disagreements in congress are chiefly a difference in degree and represent a discussion, for the most part, over details that nobody expects congress to decide in ad vance anyhow. Of course, there are two things which make for lack of harmony; one is the natural desire of each political party to criticize the other in a campaign year; the other is the effort of small groups to get over their own particular ideas. Secretary of State Hull, in his speech of September 12, made it plain that the administration was in favor of an international organi zation which would agree to use force to maintain peace—implying that the United States would offer its armed forces in collaboration with other nations to stop aggres sion. He went further on the sub ject than any official so far but there has been a feeling on the part of many members of congress that the people would support such a policy. Pooling of Resources Meanwhile, the public has gradu ally come to the realization that Winston Churchill, as the king’s first minister with plenary powers, and President Roosevelt, as commander in-chief and, therefore, with similar authority, have agreed that the United States and Britain will pool their military resources not only un til the fighting ends, but until the emergency is ended. They will do this merely by continuing the com mittee of joint chiefs of staff. They have made it plain that they consider the emergency, or as an official spokesman for the United States described it, "a period of transition,” will not end until the last peace treaties are signed. In other words, the United States and Great Britain intend, as long as the emergency exists, to take part in an organization to establish and main tain the peace by means of what amounts to a military alliance be tween the two nations. Prime1 Minister Churchill was ready to sign a written agreement which would include Britain’s pledge to remain our ally and continue the war with us until Japan was beaten —that much he told the newsmen— and he added, the President had said it was not necessary, that his word was good enough. Presum ably, the written agreement would have included the continuation of the joint committee of the chiefs of staff, too. But written or unwritten, such a pact now exists. It is, therefore, clear that the President intends, if he remains in office, to maintain an interim ar rangement which will keep this coun try an active factor in world af fairs to the point where its policies will be supported by military action. This will be of indefinite length, as Churchill put it, until it can be shown that a better arrangement, including at) nations, can "be found to sup plant it. In one sense, therefore, it is less important what decision the con gress or the administration makes right now as to its foreign policy since there will be plenty of time for the people to become fully ac quainted with the whole situation during the “transition period” when two of the strongest nations remain united. The important thing, of course, is to obtain the co-operation of the third most powerful nation, Russia. And that is what is on the fire right now. Until we know a little more about Russia’s views and in tentions, it will be impossible to make a detailed plan for the post war world. • • • Battle of Italy Beginning of End As I write these lines, the startled moon has just slipped behind a jag ged curtain of clouds, Use a trans port sliding under the protecting cloak of a smoke screen. That comparison leaps to my mind because all day I have been follow ing, as you have and as closely as either of us could, the progress of the greatest military undertaking which an American army has at tempted in this war—the battle of Italy. For the battle of Italy is the storming of the very portals of the Reich, the outer rim, it is true, but nonetheless, the first breastworks of Hitler's inner fortress. Here, for the first time, American soldiers, hardened on the harsh sands of Africa and the cruel hills of Sicily, meet the guardsmen of the Nazi citadel. Not a bi-colored army, diluted by a half-hearted ally, Italy, but dogged German fighters defend ing the gateway to their own, their native land. The end of the beginning has end ed, the beginning of the end has be gun. And we who have watched every sign and every signal as the curtain between what we thought and what we knew was lifted, realize how little we and the world can guess of the inner and complicated workings of this great war machine. As the armies of the Allies attack the enemy citadel—the leaders of the Allies, Roosevelt and Churchill, plan a new edifice. The invasion of Sicily and the in vasion of Italy were planned at Casablanca where, for 24 hours, the few newsmen who were permitted to know, kept the secret of the meet ing itself. Beside the historic wa ters of the St. Lawrence, in the citadel at Quebec, the marching orders were sealed while we news men waited, blinded and deafened to all but the most general ideas. What are those marching orders? Some other startled moon will tell. Civilian Defense Proves Its Worth As Germany begins the defense of her inner fortress and the once feared Luftwaffe has been converted from an offensive to a defensive ma chine the problem of keeping up the morale of Civilian Defense in this country is a difficult one. It would be foolhardy to lie down on the job now for history has shown that fre quently fierce and bitter conflicts grow out of victories and until the last shot is fired and after that, it isn't safe to desert the ramparts. Recently the value of civilian de fense training was proved in a man ner which received very little rec ognition outside of the immediate vicinity. When the Congressional Limited, the crack train that runs between New York and Washington, was wrecked in Philadelphia, when the Twentieth Century Limited, an other crack train between Chicago and New York, was wrecked, and when a hotel burned in Houston, Texas, the civilian defense organi zation proved its mettle. On all three occasions, invaluable service was rendered by these unselfish men and women who have so long an swered mock alarms and gone on duty for practice drills. It was definitely shown that in the case of the wreck of the Congres sional Limited and in the Houston fire lives were actually saved by the defense workers. In Philadelphia a group of air raid wardens meeting near the scene of the wreck were the first to arrive on the scene. In a short time 7,500 trained work ers were at work assisting police and helping the rescue. So effectively did they handle the traffic that in spite of the great crowds, lanes were kept open so that all injured persons not actually pinned in the wreck had been removed to hospitals within 35 or 40 minutes. ' ' "—-i— —— ii i i ■ ■■ BRIEFS. ..6y Baukkage Although more than 1,500 chap lains now serve in the navy, the coast guard and the marine corps, more must be added. • • • Emblem of the government war food program is a market basket carried by an arm and hand obvi ously belonging to Uncle Sam. Over the basket is the theme "Food fights for freedom.” Reversing the usual procedure of asking German civilians to write only cheerful letters to front line troop*, Nazi officials have appealed to German soldiers to make cer tain letters to their families are in a “humorous vein.” • • • The armed forces are using feath ers for camouflage equipment, sleep ing bags and aviators’ jackets. Static By JAMES FREEMAN Associated Newspapers. WNU Features. “X/'OU understand how it is.” the * little man said anxiously. “I am only able to charge such high prices for my apartments because I run a respectable house. Nothing like this has ever happened before. 1 want you to leave no stone un turned, Captain Stokes, in appre hending the man who stole young Mr. Trumbell’s jewelry. "It occurred last night between nine o’clock and one or two in the morning. Young Trumbell went out to a dance. He didn’t notice the theft until this morning. He report ed it to me immediately and I came to you.” “Has the insurance company been notified?” "I presume so. That’s Trumbell’s business, not mine.” "I see. How many students have you rooming in your house?” "Eleven. All occupy small suites. There are two suites on each floor, I except the top which is somewhat of a penthouse. Trumbell hired it. He’s the son of C. K. Trumbell, the steel manufacturer. The upper floors are reached by an automatic elevator. There is a fire escape on the out side rear of the building.” "Possibly one of the students on the lower floors, eh?” The little man’s jaw set firmly. “I repeat, my boys are above re proach.” "Okay, okay. Let’s get out there and have a look around.” The building was one of many of similar architecture located in a quiet, residential section of the city not far from the university. Before entering, Haynes led the detective around back and showed him the fire escape. The type was familiar. Its last section was hung suspended some 20 feet above the ground, au tomatically lowering under the weight of a person descending. ‘‘It would be a simple matter,” Haynes pointed out, “for anyone with a short ladder to reach the lower step.” “Apple pie to a second story man,” Stokes agreed. “Let’s have a look inside.” Haynes seemed worried. “You won’t disturb any of my boys—” “All of ’epi,” Stokes interrupted. “And unless you stop beefing and get co-operative I'll do it in a man ner you won’t like.” “Open the door of the rear apart ment with your pass key,” Stokes directed. “Don’t knock. And never mind the front apartments.” As the door opened a youth, sit ting in a chair with his feet on the bed, looked up from a book he was reading. Beside him on a table a radio played softly. The youth looked startled, switched off the ra dio and got to his feet. “Say—” “Take it easy, son,” Stokes said briskly. “There’s been a robbery. I’m from police headquarters.” “A robbery? Here? In this house?” “That’s right. Relax.” Stokes crossed quickly to the window, opened it and looked out. Withdraw ing his head, he stood a moment in deep thought. Something was wrong and he couldn’t place his finger on it. “Haynes, let me have your pass keys. You two stay here. I’m go ing upstairs myself.” Haynes opened his mouth to pro test. Stokes jerked the keys out of his hands and went out, slamming the door. Twenty minutes later he was back. “Well,” Haynes snapped, “are you satisfied? I suppose you've succeed ed in creating a disturbance all over the house.” “Shut up!” snapped Stokes. “Haynes, go out and press the but ton that calls the elevator. I walked down from the top floor. Go on! Do as I say!” When Haynes returned to the apartment after carrying out the or der he stopped short, gaping. The youth was laying on the floor, blood streaming from a wound in his head, and Stokes was clamping handcuffs to his wrists. “He got nasty and I had to clip him,” the detective explained mat ter-of-factly. “That theory of yours about someone gaining entrance by means of the fire escape and a lad der was cockeyed. The ground be neath the fire escape showed no evi dence of a ladder or anything else being used. That meant it was an inside job. When we entered this apartment the kid here snapped off the radio a little too quickly. It wasn't natural. Upstairs, I found all the other apartments deserted, so I switched on a radio, then worked the elevator. The electric motor created plenty of static. A man who checked his timing could tell how many floors the elevator was descending by listening to the static on his radio. And that would be a dead give-away that Trumbell was out, because he's the only one who lives on ti^e sixth? Get it?” Safe Biking Apply the rules for safe biking. 1. Obey all traffic signs and rules. 2. Always signal before making turns. 3. Walk across heavy traffic. 4. Ride single file—not two or more abreast. 5. Watch carefully at rail road crossings. 6. Keep out of car tracks and ruts. 7. Avoid "hitching” and never carry passengers. 8. Get off the roadway to stop. 9. Ride on the right-hand side of the road, with traffic. 10. Wear something white at night and have a light on your bike. OUSEHOLD To cut fresh bread, dip knife in boiling water and slices may be cut as thin as desired. A piece of apple in the breadbox will keep bread and cake fresh for days. • • * Common table salt is the best cleanser for a milk strainer. Rub both sides of the strainer vigor ously with the salt. • • • Rich, active suds and thorough i rinsing are elemental require ments for successful laundering. • • • A bit of wax rubbed on the bot toms of rockers, will prevent them marking even the glossiest of floors. • • • Store berries, grapes and other delicate fruits unwashed in a coldl place. NO ASPIRIN ran do more for you, so why pay more? World s largest seller at 10*. 36 tablets 20*. 100 for only 35*. Get St. Joseph Aspirin Chameleon’s Eyes Chameleons’ eyeballs move in dependently, enabling them to see in two different directions at one time. i 'T >ip Keep the Battle Rolling With War Bonds and Scrap HERE'S HAPPY RELIEF If you suffer from backache* resulting from fatigue or ex posure ... If sore muscles or a stiff neck have got you laid up .. . SORETONH is what yon need. It is a medicinal, analgesic solution developed in the famous laboratories of Mc Kesson & Robbins in Bridgeport, Conn. SORKTONB acts fast—gives soothing relief right where relief is needed-speeds the su perficial blood flow to the affected area. Als» helps to prevent infection. Not an animal preparation-made for human beings. Won derful, also, for sore, tired feet, and for re lieving itch of Athlete’s Foot. MONEY BACK IF NOT SATISFIED. SNAPPY FACTS ABOUT RUBBER -(► Fifty-three per cent of tho cars on highways continue to waste rubber, for officials re port that that number con tinue to be driven over 33 mph. A year ago 91 per cent of the cars traveled faster than the rubber conservation limit. Kok-Sagyz, lubber-bearing Rus sian dandelion, was planted and grown in 100 dilTerent test local ities in the U. S. last year. The B. F. Goodrich Company is aiding In this experiment. If your tires show undue wear at the center of tho tread, it is a signal that you are overin flating. This is as much a rub ber waster as underinflation. ‘YtHiUTHTI