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About The frontier. (O'Neill City, Holt County, Neb.) 1880-1965 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 7, 1943)
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Strongly Intrenched Nazi Divisions Lock Allies in Hand - to - Hand Combat As Cost of Italian Invasion Mounts; Germans Continue Retreat in Russia (EDITOR'S NOTE: When opinions nro espressed In these columns, they ore those of Western Newspaper Union's news analysts and not necessarily of this newspaper.) ________ Released by Western Newspaper Union. - — — m tsssb* .. • *»mv m t. m m "W Field pieces like this 105 mm. gun were instrumental In battering the Japanese defenses at fallen Salamaua, New Guinea. Manning the gun are Private George Basmajian (left background) of Fresno, Calir.; Pri vate Glenn Hood, (center) Marrilton, Ark.; and Private Henry Garcia, (right) Eaton, Colo. ITALY: Bloody Fiphtinp Twenty miles of beach below Sa ljmo, where American troops first set foot on the European mainland, was a raging inferno, with battle hardened German troops fighting to throw the Allies back into the sea. , Streaming ashore from their barges with supplies speedily un loaded, Lieut. Gen. Mark Clark's Fifth army of American, British and Canadian troops ran ir.to a stout German defense that made good use of the unfavorable terrain. H;gh in the hills above the beaahes. the Germans 88-mm. artil lery poured fire all along the land ing strip; nestled behind orange and apple trees, and hidden in the tall sweet corn, their machine gunners worked, and summing up all of their experience, their panzer divisions stabbed into our lines, exposing the backs of the infantry turning to meet the attack to their rifle fire. But in bloody fighting, the Allied units struggled bitterly to hold their ground, throwing their own tank di visions against the Germans, and locking in hand-to-hand combat with the enemy when he drove to the beaches. One-hundred miles to the south, the British Eighth army beat forward in an effort to join with the sorely pressed Fifth army. Restore II Duce Whisked from a mountainous pla teau east of Rome by German para troopers, accora ing to a romantic dispatch from Hitler's headquar ters. stubby, griz zled Benito Mus •olini, architect of Fascism, was reinstalled in northern Italy to try to rebuild the broken ruins of his edifice As Mussolini as- Mussolini sumed the task of heading a national government which the Germans set up in his name, the Duce’s tough old Fascist militia reappeared in their black shirts on the streets of Italy's north ern cities, and re-established them selves in control. Once the most popular man in It aly, Mussolini's first acts were re ported to be abrogation of Marshal Badoglio's unconditional surrender to the Allies as it might affect that part of the country under his domi nance, and dissolution of the mon archy. with which he faithfully co operated until it broke his power. PORK: Production Uifth With a hog population of over 100 million for the year, pork production is expected to approximate 12 bil- , lion pounds for the 12 months end ing next June 30. Of the 12 billion pounds, between 7 and 8 billion are to be allotted to civilians The army will receive 1 billion and the remainder is marked for our Allies, notably Great Britain and Russia. Some effect on total pork produc tion is expected as a result of the government's support of prime liRht weights in an effort to conserve scarce feed supplies, and the $14.75 ceiling. Chicago basis, recently es tablished. FOOD PRICES: Down 2.3% Living costs will drop 2.3 per cent to within 2 per cent of September, 1942, levels with the government's subsi dization of apples, oranges, potatoes, onions, peanut but ter, lard, shortening and cooking oils. According to the general manager of the OPA, Chester Bowles, cost of the program is expect ed to total 100 mil Chcster Bowies lion dollars, which will be in addition to the 400 million dollars already being expended to reduce meat and butter prices. In explaining the program, Bowles said that the government will pay some of the transportation costs of oranges, and will buy the entire potato crop and resell it at lower prices. Subsidies for peanut but ter, lard and other shortenings will be paid to processors. Efforts will be made to cut prices of fresh fruits and vegetables 15 per cent below last winter's levels, Bowles said. I SOUTHWEST PACIFIC: New Guinea Victory Cut off from communication from the north by Gen. Douglas Mac Arthur’a daring envelopment of Lae with sea and air borne troops, the stubborn Japanese garrison of Sala maua abandoned that New Guinea base. Beating their way through the thick jungle northward, remnants of the garrison sought to Join up with the enemy forces at Lae. But there, no better fate awaited them, as air borne U. S paratroopers advanced on that base from the west, while Australian units pressed in from the east, where they had been landed by Allied naval forces. Built in plantations on both sides of the place, Lae's defenses came under the artillery fire of heavy Al lied guns, and Allied troops moved slowly forward against earthen ma chine-gun and rifle nests. The New Guinea and Solomon islands con quests meant the encirclement of the great Jap air and naval base of Rabaul, New Britain, and the an ticipated neutralization of that cen ter for future South Pacific action. RUSSIA: Move Fonvard Following their plan of defensive action to conserve their strength to meet the shock of the Allies' charge in the west, the Germans fell steadi ly back toward the broad, winding Dnieper river all along the front Surging forward. Red troops en tered Bryansk, east of the Dnieper's headwaters, once the Germans' key communication point on the central front. To the south of Bryansk. Russian troops plowed closer to the Ukrain ' Ian capital of Kiev, which stands on the west bank of the Dnieper And still farther down the river, the Reds moved in on Dnepropetrovsk, whose Dnieper darris supplied the power for the southern Ukraine. In shortening their lines, the Ger mans surrendered rich farm land and territory abounding in raw ma terial. They did, however, destroy all factories. HIGHLIGHTS . . • »n the week’s news EXCHANGED: According to a I roundabout statement from Tokyo, the exchange ship Teia Maru has sailed from Yokohama with 1,250 , American civilians, bound for Mor mugao, Portuguese India. The Gripsholm left New York on Sep tember 2, carrying 1,330 Japanese to the same port, where an ex change will be effected, it has been reported. i SHEEP: The largest run of sheep since 1921 passed through the Omapa livestock market recently, when 48.000 animals were sold. Dealers attribute the large influx principally to fear of ranchers in the West that they cannot find sufficient herders to tend the sheep over the winter, condition of range pastures also were said to be about 83%. Willed $72,000,000 On September 28, Marshall Field III, grandson of Chicago’s plo neer merchant prince, will be 50 years old. On that day, he will re ceive the residue of his illustrious grandfather's es tate, amounting to approximately *72,000.000. Added to about 5U3.uwo.wo previ ously obtained un- Marshall Field der the terms of the will, the September 28 bequest will make Field one of the richest men in the United States. He is the father of five children. Through investments made by trustees of the estate. Field will have an interest in such outstand ing Chicago realty enterprises as the 44-story Field skyscraper; the 38-story Pittsfield building, and the 22-storjr Conway structure. Through Field’s own initiative, the trustees also erected the 600 family Garden Apartments on Chicago’s near North side, in one of the first slum-clearance proj ects in the country. DADS’ DRAFT: | Seek Others First While congress sought to untangle the complicated manpower situation state draft boards were ordered to make an extensive inventory of all available single and childless mar ried men to assure their induction ! before fathers. Under the order, all of a state's available single and childless mar ried men will be pooled as n whole and will be drafted before fathers. Quotas of individual boards will be suspended, so that those with more men available will be able to go over their allotments, while those with less, will be allowed to fall under Congressional demands for the postponement of the fathers’ draft inspired efforts for a general inves tigation of the whole manpower situ ation, to determine approximate mil itary and industrial needs. Employment Drops In the face of the demand for con gressional action on the manpower situation, the department of labor reported total non-farm employment in August at 38.295,000, a drop of 88,000 from July. For the first time since the war time shipbuilding program was in augurated, employment dropped in the shipyards. Heavier declines were recorded in the construction and service industries. In war industry as a whole, em ployment increased 29,000. Approx imately 9,000 less workers were re ported in non-manufacturing fields. According to Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins, men workers dur ing the next few months will no more than replace those entering the armed services and auxiliaries. However, she said, many can be switched to war production from less essential industry. BANKS: Double U. S. Holdii i gs Federal Reserve member banks held 44Me billion dollars of govern ment obligations, June 30, almost double the amount of a year ago. At the same time, it was an nounced that Interest rates on short term commercial paper rose to an average of 3 per cent, compared with 2.76 in March. On June 30, total loans and invest ments of the banks amounted to more than 67 billion dollars, approx imately 20 billion dollars more than a year ago. WORLD COURT: Proposed by Hull Submission of all international problems for arbitration and the use of force to check aggression were proposed by Secre tary of State Cor dell Hull for main tenance of world peace. For problems of a political character Hull advocated the establishment of agencies which would mediate the various differences Cordell llull For problems of a legal nature, he suggested creation of a World Court, operating on prin I ciples of law. "But to assure peace,” Hull de clared, "there must be means for restraining aggressors The peacefully inclined nations must be willing to accept responsibility for this task in accordance with their respective capacities." Although each nation has its own peculiar interests, it still'has enough in common with other countries to fight for maintenance of peace, Hull said. BOOTLEGGING: With bonded liquor scarce and subject to high federal, state and local taxes, the bootlegger is coming back, asserts M. L. Curtis, presi dent of the National Alcoholic Bev erage Control association, and a member of the Iowa state liquor commission. The situation threatens to create a “bootleggers’ paradise," said Mr. Curtis The old-time bootlegger is already offering “hootch” at bar gain prices, he said. Tripartite Picture Clearer Since Meeting in Quebec U. S., England, Russia Agreed on Funda mental Policies; Observers Optimistic Concerning War, Post-War Cooperation. By BAUKHAGE flews Analyst and Commentator. WNU Service, Union Trust Building, Washington, D. C. The ink is now dry on the secret footnotes which appear in the memo randa officially recorded after the long and quiet conversations which took place in the presidential study in the White House when the Allied strategists worked out the end of another chapter in the history of World War II. My own modest notations, scrib bled on the backs of envelopes, and on scratch pads, and written in taxi cabs, leaning against a White House elm after a press and radio con ference, taken down while the Pres ident or other officials were speak ing, make a clearer pattern. Words and phrases take on new meanings, rough sketches are filled out in revealing detail. The speculation, the criticism, the attacks and the apologieB which swirled about the Allied policy toward Russia, for instance, it is plain now was built mostly on half knowledge. While press and public were cry ing for a tripartite meeting of the representatives of Russia, Britain and the United States, the arrange ments for a whole series of meetings were already being made. It was not until almost the end of the Roosevelt-Churchill visit that we learned, first, that the tripartite meetings "on the foreign minister level" had been definitely agreed upon and, second, (which no one then guessed) that a commission was to be formed of representatives of all three powers to discuss the situation arising out of the Allied victories in the Mediterranean in which Russia is so deeply concerned but which, militarily speaking, she has been forced to view from a dis tance. When we received that news, we were unable to indicate its source. The Darlan Question Another source of bitter contro versy which has been allowed to fester was cleared up at the same time. Certain groups in England and America from the very begin ning violently objected to the choice of Darlan as the man with whom the Allies dealt in North Africa. There have been two revelations on that score which, had they come earlier, might have cleared the air. One concerns the Russian attitude —and the Russians certainly ought to lean as far to the left as anyone. It now seems that the Soviet lead ers, frankly opposed to Darlan and all he stood for, actually accepted the British and American policy on the basis of an old Russian saying that in matters of military strategy —or comparable situations—it is sometimes necessary to deal with the devil and his grandmother. A word from the chief of staff re vealed in his annual report to the secretary of war is interesting in this connection. He says of the dip lomatic preparation before the in vasion of Africa: "Should an ap proach be made to a single French man who proved unsympathetic to our purpose, we risked the slaughter of our soldiers on the beaches of North Africa as well as decisive losses to our shipping . . . unexpect edly, Admiral Jean Darlan, Petain’s designated successor, and command er-in-chief of all French forces, was found to be in Algiers visiting his sick son when our forces landed. He was taken into protective custo dy and when it was found that French leaders stood loyal to the Vichy government, a series of con ferences immediately followed with the purpose of calling a halt to the French resistance against General Patton's task force in the vicinity of Casablanca." The Background Then, on the morning of Novem ber 11. the Germans invaded France and Darlan obligingly rejected the pseudo-independent Vichy govern ment and assumed authority in North Africa In the name of Marsh al Petain and ordered the French to cease all hostilities. Just what pressure or argument was used in getting Darlan to yield to Allied wishes has never been re vealed or what his motives may have been—they may indeed have been prompted by the devil or his grandmother—but those who knew the inside military expediency, did not quarrel with his action. Death took Darlan from the picture. It did not end the arguments, but since we know now that the head of the Communist state of Russia was able to swallow Darlan, the squeamish ness of some of the critics seems a little far fetched. In the days that followed the re call of the Soviet ambassadors to London and Washington, the outcry over the absence of Stalin at Quebec increased. Roosevelt, Churchill and Secretary Hull were blamed—there was the blow-up over the charges by a columnist who said Hull was anti-Russian. I talked with Secretary Hull about that time. Whatever his feelings may be regarding communism, he indicated from his remarks to me that Russia was looking sympathet ically on the attempts at a joint conference, and a few days later, a high British source stated flatly there was no great divergence of views between the Soviets and the Allies. Agreement Both were thoroughly agreed on the necessity of the destruction of Nazi tyranny and Prussian mili tarism, and it was revealed that Marshal Stalin was rising in pres tige with the army and that the So viet army was rising in prestige with the Russian people until it was al ready on a level with the communist party itself. This seemed to indi cate, as Captain Rickenbacker said when he returned from Russia, that the ideologies of the policies and the capitalist nations were growing nearer. Today, as Washington looks back on this last visit of Prime Minister Churchill, there is a feeling that not only are Britain and the United States closer in both their war and their post-war aims, but that the possibility of bringing the Soviets into the circle is greater. One rea son for this is that certain problems on which there has been disagree ment have been met and thrashed out successfully between Roosevelt and Churchill and the way is open to a much more extended discussion with Stalin’s representatives. Meanwhile, the position of Secre tary Hull, within the administration, has been greatly strengthened as one after another, he has taken over the functions of all agencies which have any dealings whatsoever with foreign countries. He has placed the question frankly before the Pres ident who had to choose between his secretary of state and those who opposed him inside and outside of the state department Hull** Position Secretary Hull’s position is this: the policies which I have sponsored and insisted upon have justified themselves. Either my department must have full authority In the field of foreign relations or I will hand in my portfolio. The President faces, first, a con gress which has had time to think over its position, has heard the com plaints and received the advice of its constituents. It returns deter mined to imprint its will on national policy, foreign and domestic. Its texture is and has been for some time strongly away from the so called new-deal policies, strongly toward the conservative side. Sec retary Hull probably stands higher, has more friends, and can exert more influence with congress than any member of the cabinet. The President needs a congress which will stand behind him if he is to carry out the plans for further con duct of the war and the winning of the peace according to methods he believes it is necessary to employ. And. of course, there is the fourth term ahead, for continuance in of fice is essential, the President's friends believe, if he is to mold the post-war world. Secretary Hull is his anchor to windward. This is due to his polit ical influence and also because he and what he symbolizes both at home and abroad, have become in extricably bound up in world nego tiations. And for the President, there is but one objective now—that is, to be the peacemaker as he was the war lead er. All else—choice of counsellors, domestic policies, must dovetail into that purpose. B R I E F S . • • by Baukhage It is estimated that enough waste tats are salvaged in army camps within the continental U. S. to make 1,500,000 pounds of dynamite each month, and still leave a residue of rendered grease for soap stock. • • • Christmas gifts to naval and ma rine personnel overseas should be sent between September 15 and No rtmber 1. , Japanese occupation authorities who still haven’t succeeded in paci fying the Philippines have decided to 6end out roving teams of public speakers in an attempt to explain Japan’s ’’true mission” to misguid ed Filipinos, Manila radio disclosed. • • • Bus lines in Washington, D. C., and Los Angeles, Calif., are running their “help wanted” ads on buses. 1944 Production Goal 5^ Above This Year’s Farmers Must Plant 380 Million Acres Record acreages of soybeans, dry beans and peanuts harvested in 1943 will he topped in 1944 if national re quirements for these crops are met, according to War Food administra tion reports. Special emphasis will be placed on these foods, as well as on cereals, dry peas, potatoes, canning crops, and flax and feed crops in planning new seedings. Farmers are expected to plant a total of 380 million acres, or 5 per cent more than in 1943, with largest increases on peanuts, dry peas and wheat. A national planting of 68 million acres has already been asked on wheat, 26 per cent more than in 1943. Peanuts and dry peas will proba bly be up as much as 30 per cent, and increases for dry beans and soybeans may be 14 to 18 per cent. A Connecticut farmer and his committeeman discuss production problems. These committeemen are farmers themselves, elected by their neighbors in each county. Their job is to work with the Agricultural Ad justment agency and other govern ment agencies in giving advice and assistance to the nation’s food pro ducers. Committeemen can be help ful in obtaining priority ratings on machinery and building materials, in getting loans, or in hiring farm hands. or more, above the current harvest ed acreage, it is announced. Both types of potatoes, regular and sweet, will be stepped up with corn show ing a small Increase. Hemp and flax, it is pointed out, although not food crops are of first j importance to the war. Hemp for rope and flax for oilseed are in the front line of every battle. Feed crops will receive emphasis because of increased needs for more livestock, and the importance of maintaining production of eggs and milk at the level of 1943, or raising output on both commodities. Con siderably more beef and veal will be sought in 1944, but pork produc- ! tion is not expected to exceed 1943 by more than a few per cent. The development of the 1944 livestock program will depend in large meas ure on the feed yields from 1943 crops. Extension of pasture will be urged to relieve this feed shortage. All idle land should be planted to some cover crop such as alfalfa, clover, or some cereal grain. Rye and some varieties of wheat serve well as over-the-winter coverage. This policy also returns needed min erals to the soil. Planted acreage should be ex panded without plowing up land which should be kept in grass. Us ing idle crop land, out of production in recent years, and speeding up the cycle of crop rotation on farms where it is feasible are the answer, according to Marvin Jones, WFA administrator. He also pointed out that sound, farming methods must be employed to insure high yields over a period of years, since food demands will continue to be heavy for a long period to come. The War Food administration will continue its program of support prices to establish desirable price' relationships, it is announced, mak ing it easier to obtain adequate in creases in most needed crops and generally to balance total produc tion. In determining crop emphasis, farmers even in the principal wheat states of the Great Plains have been asked to give priority to dry beans, potatoes, flax and grain sorghums in some areas First call in the Pa cific Northwest is also for dry peas, dry beans, canning crops and pota toes. Soybeans, corn, dry beans, potatoes, flax and canning crops will be emphasized in the Corn Belt and Lake states. Larger wheat acre i ges than this year will be needed in the Southern and Eastern states to supply local food and feed needs. Boron—Deficient Soil Revealed by Turnips Boron, like nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash, must be present in soil if plants are to grow satisfac torily, says Eldrow Reeve, graduate fellow in soils and plant physiology at Rutgers university. Often a few cents worth of boron will make a field several times more productive. A good way to detect boron de ficiency is through turnips and ruta bagas. If they show dark brown splotches the soil is boron-deficient. i CLASSIFIED DEPARTMENT LAMP, STOVE, P/jgRTS AN D SUPPLIES ARE AVAILABLE TO COLEMAN DEALERS I See them for Parts and Supplies or Service on Coleman Products. Mail us a postcard today for Free Booklet-"HOW TO KEEP ’EM WORKING". COLEMAN LAMP & STOVE CO. 250 North St. Francis St. WICHITA 1, KANSAS j GUERNSEY HEIFERS HIGH-GRADE GUERNSEY HEIFERS, yearlings ready to breed, and heavy springers coming twos. FRED CHANDLER. CHARITON. IOWA. FEATHERS WANTED FEATHERS WANTED, NEW OR OLD Ship or write to Sterling Feather Company, BOB N. Broadway, St. Louie Missouri. Want Feathers, Horse Hair We’ll pay $1.25 for fine goose feather*; $1 for duck feathers: used feathers, up to 60c Tall hair 65c; mane 20c. All quotations per lb. Farmer* Store. Mitchell, 8. D. FOR SALE POULTRY PLACE—18 ROOM STUCCO HOUSE, 3Vi lots—3 opts. Income $55 month, 5 room apt. for owner. 2 baths, 7 chicken houses, elec, motor and hammer mill. 12,000 egg hot water Incubator. 35 acre pasture under lease, $7,500—prefer cash, will consider short terms. Sale by OWNER, NARDON 140 W. Burlington Place, Denver 16, Cel*. Has 42 Degrees Dr. Frank P. Graves, former commissioner of educaton for New York state, holds 42 college degrees, the last received from the Albany Law school when he was graduated in 1942. *■ : 0f the omtricod» #tar 0‘ giond*. rc , teeth | *'S«owb*rtV potl,der to* Calox Tooip calox ..nnriffff^riiTriv S Clean Soldiers The average American uses one and one-quarter pounds of soap per month. Our soldiers are sup plied with two and one-half pounds. ye YOU WOMEN WHO SUFFER FROM N HOT HASHES If you suffer from hot flashes, weak, nervous, cranky feelings, are a bit blue at times—due to the functional "middle-age” period peculiar to women—try Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound to relieve such symptoms. Taken regularly—Pinkham's Compound helps build up resistance against such distress. It helps nature! Also a fine stomachic tonic. Fol low label directions. LYDIA E. PINKHAM’S SS One Tire, E'ght Masks There is enough rubber in one tire to make eight gas masks. Acid Indigestion Relieved in 5 minutes or double money (lack When excess stomach acid cause* painful, suf focal tnur gas, hour stomach and heartburn, doctors usually prescribe the fastest-acting medicines known for symptoms* ic relief—medicines like those in liell-ans Tablets No laxative. Bell-ans brings comfort In m jiffy or double your money back on return of bottle to os. 36e at all druggists. WNU—U38—43 ' And Your Strength and Energy Is Below Par It may be caused by disorder of kid ney function that permits noisonous waste to accumulate. For truly many people feet tired, weak and miserable when the kidneys fail to remove excess acids and other waste matter iron the ; blond. You may suffer nagging backache, rheumatic pains, headaches, dizziness, getting up nights, leg pains, swelling. Sometimes frequent and scanty urina tion with smarting and hunting is an other sign that something is wrong with the kidneys or bladder. There should be no doubt tbst prompt treatment is wiser than neglect. Use Doan's fills. It ia better to rely on a medicine that baa won countrywide ap Eroval than on something less favorably novo. Doan's have been tried and test ed many year*. Are at til drug stores. Get Doan's today.