r Zipper Suits Keep Mariners
Away From Davy Jones’ Locker
Neither clowns nor zoot suiters are the young men pic
tured above. They are students at the Sheepshead Bay Mari
time Training station where 30,000 mariners are trained
l yearly. Their apparel is the Morner life saving suit which
keeps a man afloat indefinitely. They are trained to don these
suits in 30 seconds. The backward bend is a result of the speed
with which they zip up and lock the watertight fastener.
r * ^
Victory!
Parade/,
* SA!
The maritime service
trains crews as fast as Ameri
can high-speed industrial gen
iuses turn out ships.
Above: If there is no time for
lifeboats, the men go over in life
suits. Left: He can float this way
indefinitely. The suit contains
emergency rations.
The 13 weeks' course includes
Instruction in deck duties, en
gine room operations, lifeboat
handling, swimming, gunnery,
and safety seamanship. Most of
the training takes place on a
craft that has never sailed and
never will sail. It is a concrete
replica of a ship, complete with
booms, winches, hatches, etc.
The bridge is raised on hydrau
lic jacks so it can be made to roll.
Circle: At the command “abandon ship” the men quickly take
previously assigned positions in lifeboats. Training like this saves
lives if the men are forced to actually abandon a torpedoed ship.
Right: Deck hands demonstrate their agility by swarming high up
a mast. Speed in emergencies must be second nature to these men.
Right: A
member of the
faculty in
structs a class
on the correct
' way to get into
a Morner life
saving suit. The
suits are made
of rubber and
lined for
warmth.
Current Social Security Board Report
Visualizes Coverage ot Added Millions
a.
- ^
Benefits Outlined
For Farm Help,
Domestics
Our social security pro
gram as a nation-wide under
taking began eight years ago
this August. In its seventh an
nual report the Social Secur
ity board points out that while
great progress has been made
toward security for the Amer
ican people, there are serious
gaps in the program as it
stands.
While many millions or people are
covered by the insurance features
of the social security act, other mil
lions are not. More than half a mil
lion are regularly drawing monthly
insurance benefits amounting hi all
to about 11% million dollars a
month. These are benefits paid un
der the old-age and survivors insur
ance system which covers wage and
salaried workers on business or in
dustrial jobs. The benefits go to
these workers and their families if
the worker qualifies at age 65 or
over and is no longer at work, or to
the family in case of the worker’s
death, whatever his age. There are,
however, some 20 millions of work
ers wbo are now excluded from old
age and survivors insurance.
The same is true of unemploy
ment insurance. Millions of people
are covered by the state unemploy
ment insurance laws, operated by
the states but with administrative
costs paid by the federal govern
ment. During one year when jobs
were hard to get nearly 5% million
people who were out of work re
ceived benefits for weeks at a time.
Now during thfe war boom when
jobs are so plentiful, fewer than 120,
000 people are getting unemploy
ment benefits in any one week. The
number may go down even further
as the war continues.
But when the war is over, millions
of formed soldiers, sailors and war
workers will be looking for jobs.
Many will be entitled to unemploy
ment insurance while they are look
ing. There will also be many who
will need the insurance payments
but will not be eligible as the laws
now stand.
Under the public assistance pro
grams of the social security act,
three million needy people are re
ceiving monthly cash payments
which last year amounted to more
than $770,000,000. These payments
go to persons who do not have
enough to live on and cannot pro
vide for themselves because they
are old and cannot work, because
they are blind, or because they are
too young to work and have lost a
parent's support or care. There are
about two million old people and one
million children on the lists. The
blind number around 55,000. But
many other people who lack the
bare essentials of life cannot be
helped under the present public as
sistance programs because they are
neither over 65, nor very young, nor
blind.
Gaps in Insurance.
Most serious, however, according
to the social security board, are the
gaps and shortcomings in the insur
ance features. The purpose of these
programs is to furnish some income
for families to live on when the
breadwinner cannot earn wages or
salary. But wages or salary may
stop for reasons other than unem
ployment, old age, or death. If a
person cannot work because he is
When a worker loses his income
through sickness or injury, he gen
erally is unable to support his fam
ily for long, after he is unemployed.
Frequently he must meet heavy
medical costs, so his savings are
soon exhausted. His wife and chil
dren then often suffer privations.
The social security board recom
mends that the laws be amended to
cover such cases.
TELEFACT
MORE OLDSTERS AT WORK
(AVERAGE AGE OF MALE WORKERS)
Eoch section represents 4 yeors
JOBS FOR PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED
(PLACEMENTS BY PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT OFHCESI
Each symbol represents 5,000 placements
Right now more old and physically handicapped people are employed
than ever before. But everybody knows It’s the war boom. When peace
comes, these marginal workers will be dropped. Then, whether sup
ported by relatives or private charities, many of these people will be
hard pressed to live decently. The social security board proposes to ex
tend the benefits of social Insurance to millions who will fall into the over
age or crippled class in a few years.
sick or disabled, not only does his
pay check stop but he has the extra
expense of his illness. The social
security board thinks we should
have insurance against disability and
the costs of hospital care, along with
our present unemployment insur
ance and old-age and survivors in
surance.
About 20 million workers, includ
ing some of the lowest income
groups in the country, are not cov
ered by the old-age and survivors
insurance provisions Qf the social
security act. Most of these do not
have the protection of any social in
surance system. Farm workers, do
mestic servants, employees of non
profit educational, religious and
charitable organizations constitute
the largest groups of wage and sal
ary workers left out in the cold.
The self-employed, such as farmers
and torekeepers, are also excluded.
More than 600,000 persons already
are drawing monthly payments un
der old-age and survivors insurance.
Thousands more have earned rights
to benefits and will be able to claim
them whenever they stop regular
work. The benefits go to insured
workers and their families when the
worker is 65 or older and is no long
er employed, and to the families of
insured workers who die either be
fore or after they arc e5.
As the law stands today, the old
age and survivors insurance system
covers wage and salary workers on
business and industrial jobs—that is,
all kinds of jobs in factories, shops,
mines, mills, stores, offices, banks,
hotels, restaurants, laundries, tele
phone and telegraph offices, and oth
er places of business or industry
carried on by private firms, corpora
tions, or individuals. This leaves,
however, a good many who are not
covered, merely because of the na
ture of their employment. For ex
ample, the $10,000 executive em
ployed by a corporation comes un
der the federal insurance system;
the man working for himself whose
income may fall below $1,000 a year
is not insured, because the present
law excludes the self-employed.
When a Worker Is Disabled.
Every time the clock ticks off a
second, five people in this country
get hurt or get sick, to such an ex
tent that they are unable to carry
on their ordinary activities for one
day or longer. If the disability is
slight, the worker may not lose
much, but to a man dependent upon
his earnings, every dollar counts.
The loss is especially serious if the
injury lays him up for life.
Yet the big majority of workers
disabled off the job have no insur
ance protection—nothing to make
up, even in part, for the pay they
lose and the extra expense they
have to meet. Congress has directed
the Social Security board to make
recommendations for such changes
in the present regulations as will pro
vide for insurance payments to ease
the blow of these calamities.
Disability insurance is one of the
missing girders in the social insur
ance structure we have been build
ing in this country since 1935. Al
ready in place are two of the main
supports—unemployment insurance,
which pays weekly benefits to in
! sured workers who lose their jobs
through no fault of their own and
cannot get other jobs within a short
time; and old-age and survivors in
surance which pays monthly benefits
to insured workers and their fami
lies when the worker is old and re
tires, or to his family when he
dies, whatever his age. The social
security board believes the next
step is insurance against disability,
temporary or permanent, with pro
vision to cover also the costs of
hospital care.
The need for such a program is
pointed up by the fact that of more
than 3 million disabled workers be
tween 16 and 64 years of age, nearly
one million have been disabled for
more than a year. Around 7 mil
lion people are ill on any one day
in the year—many of them for pro
tracted periods of months and
years; many with no prospect of
recovery.
Six Cents on the Dollar.
No new governmental agency
would be necessary to administer
disability insurance, and no addi
tional reports would be required of
employers. The cost of the entire
social insurance program, including
disability protection, could probably
be met through a total contribution
rate of 5 or 6 cents on each dollar
of pay roll from employers and 5 or
8 cents on each dollar of wages from
employees. The total of 10 or 12
cents on the dollar (the rate would
depend on the exact benefits pro
vided) instead of 9 cents which will
be the figure in 1949 under the pres
ent law would provide insurance
protection against all the most im
portant economic risks faced by all
workers. American families would
be assured of an income when
wages of the breadwinner stop be
cause of unemployment, old age,
illness, disability, or death and
would also have insurance protec
tion against the costs of hospital
care.
Twenty-eight nations now provide
insurance protection to their work
ers against temporary disability.
With only one exception (Spain), the
United States is the only country
which provides insurance against
old age without also providing
against the risks of chronic or per
manent disability.
“When can we best afford the ad
ditional cost of an expanded social
insurance system?” asks Arthur J.
Altmeyer, chairman of the social se
curity board. “Now, when earnings
are high and all the wheels of in
dustry are turning, workers and em
ployers can set aside the contribu
tions needed to ensure future rights
to benefits,” he replies. “There is
no way in which increased earnings
could be better invested, from the
standpoint of either the family or
the nation. For the family which
actually meets with disaster—sick
ness, unemployment, chronic dis
ability, or death—insurance benefits
give a far greater protection than
could have been obtained if the
worker’s insurance contributions
had been kept as his individual sav
ings. In any period of recession,
the money now saved would be paid
at a time when it is most needed
and to those who most need it.”
Social Security Board Would Assist All People Who Have No Means of Support
The social security board recom
mends expansion of the present so
cial security program to provide:
1. Social insurance protection for
everybody who depends on wages or
salary (for the self-employed also,
so far as possible). Regular insur
ance benefits would take the place,
partly, of the pay the worker and
bis family lose—
(aj Whei, he loses his Job and is
temporarily unemployed.
(b) When he is unable to work be
cause sick or disabled, tempo
rarily or permanently—(the in
surance should cover also costs
of hospital care for the work
er and his family).
(c) When he is old and no longer
at work.
(d) When be dies.
2. The cost of this insurance to
be met through contributions from
workers and their employers into
one national Insurance fund in the
U. 8. treasury.
S. Assistance to all needy people
who have no means of support.
"This Is one case,” said Presi
dent Roosevelt, "in which social and
fiscal objectives, war and post-war
aims are in full accord. Expanded
social security, together with other
fiscal measures, would set up a bul
wark of economic security for the
people now and after the war and at
the same time would provide anti
inflationary sources for financing the
war.”
,
*‘|~\0 IT yourself” is a patriotic
*** motto this wartime year.
Thriftily re-upholster your own
furniture—with these clear, step
by-step directions that also show
you how to give a "lift” to sag
ging springs; how to repair web
bing and lumpy padding; how to
make seat pads.
• • •
Instructions 540 give directions for re
pairing and upholstering.
Due to an unusually large demand and
current war conditions, slightly more timo
is required in Ailing orders for a few of
the most popular pattern numbers.
Send your order to:
Sewing Circle Needlecraft Dept.
82 Eighth Ave. New York.
Enclose IS cents (plus one cent to
cover cost of mailing) for Pattern
No.
Name..
Address..
StJJ8SgPh®|
WORLD’S LARGEST SELLER AT
Hamming Bird’s Fortitude
Humming birds migrate 50C
miles without stopping for food OK
rest.
MEAT GOES FAR
WITH ALL-BRAN
“BRANBURGERS"
Here’s a new way to serve that old
favorite, the hamburger. Make it with
KELLOGG'S ALL-BRAN tO Stretch th*
meat supply, to give the popular ham
burger new interest, and to get
all-bran's nutritional benefits—valu
able proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins
and minerals.
Kellogg's All-Bran Branburgers
1 egg 1 tablespoon
2'teaspoons aalt chopped parsley
% teaspoon pepper 1 cup milk ’
2 tablespoons J4 cup catsup
minced onion 1 cup Kellogg’S
All-Bran
1 pound ground beef
Beat egg slightly, add salt, pepper,
onion, parsley, milk, catsup and
All-Bran. Let soak until most or mois
ture Is taken up. Add beet and mix
thoroughly. Shape Into 12 patties.
Bake in hot oven (450°F.} about 30
minutes or broil about 20 minutes.
Yield: 6 servings (12 2% Inch bran
burgers.)
ALONG WITH OTHER
Proved INGREDIENTS
... choose Clabber Girt as part of that war-time recipe...
Guard against waste and be sure of results with the
baking powder that has been the baking day favorite
in millions of homes for years and years...
Ask Mother, She Knows: Clabber Girl
with the best of everything, for baking.
Good Buy for You!
★ UNITED STATES WAR BONDS 4
Good By for Japs!
--JL
r
they say:
"SIDE MEAT" for anything very good
"MOLE DAY* for pay-day
• BOO POCKET" for tightwad
"CAMEL" for the favorite cigarette with men
CAMELS ^
SURE ARE
SIDE MEAT •
WITH ME! THAT
SWELL TASTE AND
EXTRA MILDNESS
IS THE TOPS!
F/RST/N THE SERV/CE
The favorite cigarette with men in the
Army, Navy, Marines, and Coast Guard
is Camel. (Based on actual sales rec
ords in Post Exchanges and Canteens.)
_ I