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About The frontier. (O'Neill City, Holt County, Neb.) 1880-1965 | View Entire Issue (July 15, 1943)
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Strong Allied Drive in South Pacific Threatens Main Jap Base in Solomons; Nazis Make New Bid to Cripple Russia Through Attack on Orel-BelgorcdLine (EDITOR’S NOTE: When opinion* are nprmrl In these column*, they are those of Western Newspaper t'nlon's news analysts and net necessarily of this newspaper.I - Released by Western Newspaper Union. - — - _ Taking oath as colonel, Oveta Culp Hobby assumes command of the new Women’s Army corps, which replaces the WAAC. Pictured with Colonel Hobby from left to right are Brig. Gen. II. B. Lefis, acting adjutant-general of the army, Gen. George C. Marshall, and Lieut. Gen. Brehon Somervell. NAVY STRIKES: Jap Fleet Hit The battle in the Southwest Pacific grew in intensity, with the Japs throwing the full weight of their air and sea power against the advanc ing Allied forces. Drawn out by the U. S. navy's shelling of the Jap anchorage of Bairoko, through which supplies have been carried to the big enemy air base of Munda on New Georgia island, formations of the Japanese fleet engaged the American ships in the Kula gulf, coming off a poor second best. According to a communique from General MacArthur’s headquarters, no less than six enemy vessels prob ably were sunk and four damaged. We lost one cruiser, which with a destroyer sunk in the Bairoko bom bardment and a transport knocked out in the earlier landings, brought our own known losses to three. All along the 700 mile front the Japs hurled their aircraft at Amer ican positions. Enemy fighters and bombers flew over newly occupied Bendova, struck at General MacAr thur’s beachhead below Salamaua in New Guinea, and attacked Darwin In northwestern Australia in force. At Salamaua, Allied forces had worked their way through jungle to the northwest, so that with General MacArthur's position, that Jap base was now ringed from three sides. JAPAN: Parcels Out Territory In development of the “great east Asia co-prosperity sphere,” Japan ceded four Malay and two Bur mese states to the kingdom of Thai land. North of Malaya and east of Burma, Thailand, by its alliance with Japan at the start of the war, provided the Nipponese with a back door into these British possessions. The cession of the Malay states gave Thailand rich rice, tin and rub ber producing territories. The popu lation includes more than a million natives. The two Burmese states constitute 24,000 square miles. The cession was made on occa sion of Premier Hediki Tojo’s visit to the Tbai capital of Bangkok. Tojo later went to Shanghai, where Chan dra Bose, exiled Hindu nationalist leader, called for the organization of all rebels for the defeat of the Brit ish in India. WAR PRODUCTION: Up and Down Declaring that we are on the verge of one of the greatest trials of our national history, War Production Chairman Donald Nelson revealed that the nation’s arms output for May had gained tor aircraft and naval vessels, but fallen In other lines. On a weight basis, airplane pro duction jumped 10 per cent in May, Nelson said, with bomber deliveries up but fighter manufacture un steady. A total of 204,000 tons of naval vessels were completed. In other lines, ground ordnance, such as tanks, artillery, etc., was down 3 per cent; merchant vessels were down 4 per cent, and miscel laneous munitions were down 7 per cent. For the first half of the year. Nel son said the estimated output fell below the goals marked out. Mer chant shipping was 44 per cent of the year’s objective; army ordnance and naval vessels, 40 per cent, and aircraft 35 per cent. SUBSIDIES: Would Limit Expenditures If President Roosevelt’s subsidy program to “roll-back’’ the price of retail food was to become the ad ministration’s bulwark in its anti inflationary program, congress indi cated that it would retain a voice in such a policy by limiting the government’s expenditure of money in its operation. In considering a new Commodity Credit corporation bill which would allow subsidies, the senate banking and currency committee heard Sen. Robert Taft propose an appropria tion of 525 million dollars to “roll back” prices to January 1, 1944. Unless such a limitation were made. Taft said, the government could borrow any amount from the Re construction Finance corporation. President Roosevelt declared it was necessary to “roll-back" food prices to equalize the stabilization of wages. Subsidy opponents con tend that such payments will only increase the public debt, and wages generally have risen to a level at which consumers can well afford to buy food at present prices. RUSSIA: Nazis Gain Big guns thundered — airplanes whined in endless swoops — huge tanks rumbled over barren plains; action had come again on the Rus sian front. While the Nazis insisted the action was of a local, minor character in segments of the Ukrainian and Kursk provinces in Russian hands, the Reds claimed the Germans had launched a major offensive. Al though announcing that they had stopped the advance generally along the 165 mile front, the Reds admit ted the Nazis had breached their defenses in the Belgorod sector. Red reports indicated the Nazis had massed large armored forma tions in the battle zone. The 1,271 tanks the Russians said they knocked out would be sufficient to outfit four Nazi panzer divisions. In two days the Reds claimed they shot 314 planes out of the sky. For their part, the Nazis said their Infantry had initiated a local attack, and then fighting had flared all along the front CANNED GOODS: Increase Prices To absorb higher labor and ma terial costs, canners of vegetables and processors of frozen berries were authorized to increase prices of the 1943 pack by the Office of Price Administration. Prices of canned tomatoes, corn, snap beans and peas, however, will remain at the 1942 level. Seeking to stabilize the prices of these es sential commodities, the govern ment will pay subsidies to canners to make up for increased costs. The OPA also acted to place spe cific increases on spinach, aspara gus, mustard and turnip greens. To reflect wage boosts, canners of spin ach were allowed a 4t4 per cent boost. Price of the No. 2 can of asparagus was raised 4 cents and mustard and turnip greens were in creased 1V4 cents. Increases ranging up to 3 cents a pound were allowed to processors of blueberries, cranberries, currants, dewberries, elderberries, huckleber ries, Johnson berries and Olympic berries. HIGHLIGHTS • • • *« the week't newt CONSTRUCTION: All building materials and construction facilities have been placed under the control of the War Production board, “in order to eliminate all non-essential construction." • • • GRAIN: Oats sold at the highest In 23 years on the Chicago market at 73to cents a bushel, while rye reached $1.12 to recently. SUGAR: About one-third less acreage was planted in sugar beets this year than last. Leaders of the industry blame shortage of labor, and competition of other crops more favored by governmental aid. • • • BANKS: The Chase National Bank of New York, the world’s largest, reports total assets of $4,482,606,435 in its latest statement. DADS: O. K. Draft Delay By a vote of 11 to 5, the senate military affairs committee voted to delay the Induction of fathers until after January 1, 1944. Congression al action on the bill will not be taken until sessions are resumed in September, however, one month be fore the drafting of fathers is sched uled. Introduced by Senator Burton Wheeler, the bill provides that any man married before Pearl Harbor, who has maintained bona fide fam ily relationships since that date and has children under 18 years of age, would be exempt from induction until the first of next year. As the Wheeler bill was being ap proved by the committee, the War Manpower commission announced that an additional 3,600,000 persons will have to be placed in the serv ices and munitions industries within the next 12 months. Of the total. 2.000. 000 men and women will be needed in uniform, 1,500,000 by De cember 31. Materialization of the WMC plans will mean that half of the popula tion will either be fighting or work ing. 11,300,000 will be in the serv ices; 11,600,000 in war industries; 12.000. 000 in agriculture, and 30,000, 00 in other non-farm work. POST-WAR WORLD: What Labor Thinks How one great union feels about the post-war world was ably ex pressed by the United Automobile Workers, CIO, in a seven-point pro gram for peace time. Among other things, the UAW called for government ownership and operation of industries whose monopoly gives them dictation in their fields; the 30-hour week, and a vast public works program, calling for construction of schools, high ways and power projects. Of private industry, the UAW said: “Our industries can no long er be operated to serve private in terests where those private interests conflict with the public need. Initia tive can find its most useful outlet, greatest recognition and highest re ward when exerted in the public service.” The UAW also proposed each sol dier be given a $2,500 bonus upon his discharge from the service. CABINET FEUD: Jones Answers Wallace Fur continued to fly in the heated cabinet feud between Vice Presi dent Henry Wallace and Secretary of Commerce Jesse Jones over Wal lace’s charges that Jones had throt tled activities of the Board of Eco nomic Warfare, and failed to build up an adequate stockpile of tin, rub ber, quinine, etc., before Pearl Har bor as directed by congress. Repeating his previous statement that the Reconstruction Finance corporation which he heads has committed itself to purchase 3V4 bil lion dollars of foreign material, Jones said the BEW initiated only 10 per cent of this business. Then he declared that the RFC cannot sign blank checks for the use of any government agency, and charged Wallace with amending President Roosevelt’s original order setting up the BEW to permit approval of BEW transactions without inspec tion. In the matter of stockpiles, Jones said our supply of quinine was am ple and BEW's program for ob taining the drug in South America failed to take account of that conti nent’s unfamiliarity with producing the bark. BEW accused Jones of overestimating our inventory by 50 per cent, and delaying the BEW's production program. MEDITERRANEAN: Adolf Comes to Rescue Increasing opposition to Allied air raids on Italy and her neighboring islands by swarms of Axis planes, many of them German, indicate that the Nazi air force is being employed in strength in the critical Mediter ranean area. Despite the stiffening resistance, however, Allied planes broke through to pound Palermo to such an extent that the Italian radio admitted that Sicilian air and naval base was of no further use. Allied reconnais sance also disclosed that the Ital ians had destroyed shipping instal lations at the harbor of Trapani. According to American fliers, the Axis met the strong Allied forma tions with new tactics. Approach ing the rear echelons of the Allied squads, the enemy planes flew in a single line, dropping incendiaries that burst into strings of small ex plosives. Official Axis circles awaited an attack on Sicily or Sardinia or Cor sica. Capture of Sicily would be necessary for an attack on the Ital ian mainland or protecting Allied convoys bound for the Balkans, they said, while occupation of Corsica and Sardinia would be necessary for an invasion of the French coast POLES: Russian Status Unchanged The tragic death of Gen. Wladi slaw Sikorski, premier of the Polish government-in-exile, has not altered that government's attitude toward Soviet Russia, its officials declared. Poland’s attitude will continue to be one of friendliness, with insist ence on Polish territorial rights, which have been contested by Rus sia's claim to portions of the former I Polish republic. 'When Will War End?' Nation's No. 1 Question Ruhr Valley Bombings Seen as Concrete Evidence of Germany’s Inevitable Defeat; Aviation Expert Revises Estimate. By BAUKHAGE News Analyst and Commentator. WNU Service. Union Trust Building Washington, D. C. Today Washington, deep as it is in the problems of the moment—on the home front and along the seething globe-scattered sectors where our men are fighting—is more deeply conscious of tlie future than ever before in history. And that feeling is clearly reflected in every town, city and cross-roads in the country. The letters I receive express this interest in tomorrow, the many polls on post-war problems and the plans to solve them echo that interest, the comment of leaders, the organiza tion of clubs and forums and com mittees to discuss them, add up to the largest and healthiest curi osity that the nation has ever seen. The political parties recognize this and the Republicans are busy work ing on a constructive foreign-policy plank for their 1944 platform to meet the administration’s post-war plans. As the people look toward tomor row, the first thing they ask is: “When will the war end?” You can’t get an official prognostication on that subject and, personally, I would hesitate even to make a guess. But this week, there came to my notice two remarks, one from the German propaganda minister and one from the president of an American avia tion corporation which I want to place figuratively in parallel col umns—not only side by side with each other but in balance with pre vious remarks of both men. Goebbels’ Viewpoint Some time ago, Herr Goebbels spoke of “the Ruhr,” that little in dustrial area including the historic center of Germany's munitions manufacture, the Krupp works of Essen. Goebbels was on record as say ing that the destiny of the Ruhr was the destiny of Germany itself. And then only a few days ago, a broadcaster from Berlin admitted that the “havoc” wrought by the Allied bombers in that area was "in credible.” The other gentleman whom I wish to quote is R. S. Damon, president of the Republic Aviation corpora tion, which builds those famous P-47 “Thunderbolts," the fighters whiph have done such an efficient job of protecting our bombers over Eu rope. Some time ago Damon predicted that Germany would be knocked out of the war by 1944. But Mr. Damon has now revised that estimate. He says: "Unpreparedness may have cost us many early rounds but now it appears possible that Germany will have been removed from the lists by the end of 1943. I believe this to be true because no nation, not even Hitler’s Germany, can suffer the rate of attrition which is now being inflicted on the Nazis and sur vive for long. The aerial combat box scores are now so definitely in our favor and our constantly in creasing production of fine aircraft and well-trained airmen precludes any possibility of those scores being reduced unless by a miracle, and the days of Hitler’s miracles have ceased to be. Our air forces are now systematically and liberally pulver izing the industrial centers of Ger many and without her industries, Germany cannot fight or even ex ist.” Mind you, I do not underwrite this prophecy but I think it is worth re cording because both men have re vised their views in the direction of a shorter war—Goebbels would nev er have dwelt on the importance of the Ruhr in the beginning if he knew he would have to admit the degree of its destruction—Damon, after similar consideration, reduces the time he believes it will take to knock Germany out. Aviation’s Growth In both cases, we have a tribute to the tremendous growth of Ameri can combatant airpower. Now let us look at the parallel growth in non-combatant airpower. We turn to no less an authority than the Office of War Information: "By 1945, it is expected that trans port planes in the 100,000-120,000 pound class will be flying in quan tity, carrying loads of 15 tons at a speed of 250 miles per hour over distances such as from New York to Chicago. “By 1946, it is expected that 70 per cent of the passenger travel, now relying on railroad pullmans, will go by air—about 20,000,000 pas sengers a year. “Exclusive of certain military air dromes, there will be about 865 major airports in the United States by the end of this year, all with paved runways of 3.500 feet or more, capable of handling the largest planes, where fewer than 100 exist ed in 1940. In addition to these, there are well over 2,000 smaller fields. “To operate these planes and air ports after the war, there will be the 3,000,000 air-minded and trained pilots, navigators, radiomen, airport engineers, traffic controllers and oth ers who will be in the air forces by the end of this year.” The OWI predicts post-war flights of 11 hours from Washington to Paris and London; 7 hours from Washington to Mexico City; 16 from Washington to Moscow; 18 from Washington to Cairo or Buenos Aires and 22 hours from Washington to Tokyo (if Tokyo is still on the map). I quote these statements to show how tremendously the world we are living in today differs from the world we lived in before Pearl Har bor—a change which must affect all phases of life tomorrow. Already, as far as the military go, the earth has shrunk from the comparative size of an orange to the size of a marble. When the war is over and we have had time to adapt what we have learned in the field of aviation to peaceful transportation, it will shrink to the size of a pea. When we shift our war effort to peace time production, it will shrink still further. Utopian Plans Aviation is only one phase of the achievement the war has forced upon us; there are great plans burst ing to become realities, many that seem so utopian that the cynics scoff—a world organization to en force peace and achieve freedom from fear; world co-operation which will increase production and facili tate distribution to the point where there will be at least an approxi mation of freedom from want—to tick off only two of the four free doms for which we are supposed to be fighting. Discouraged at our inability to realize within our own vast bor ders all of the dreams of our found ing fathers, we cannot believe that the high aims for unity embracing the whole world can be anything but pure fantasy. But if we can shrink the globe from orange to marble, a feat that would have been considered utterly incredible to our own grandfathers, must we say that we cannot build a world unity and a world understanding greater than anything heretofore conceived? It took a dreamer to put the first wings on man—the laboratory and the machine shop did the rest. With the widespread will to a bet ter future providing the psychologi cal inspiration, who knows but that the energy which has made the prosecution of global war possible can be transmuted into a framework upon which global peace can be built? It’s a smaller globe, after all. • • • As we begin to think in global terms, we have to adjust our views of geography. For instance, sup pose someone should tell you that the important port of Siberia, for which the Japs yearn but do not dare attack, the port of Vladivostok, were a hundred and fifty miles south of the poetic city of Venice with its streets of water? Of course, you would know better but could you say how much better? Or if someone said flatly to you: "You can’t tell me what South American countries a line running straight south from Savannah, Ga., would pass through,” you would feel' you could at least guess and get one right. No. No. Naples is 150 miles north of Vladivostok. You can't name any South Ameri can country south of Savannah, Ga., because the western coastline of South America is east of such a point Guess again. B R I E F S • . . by Baukhage Tokyo propagandists have added India to the growing list of coun tries they are seeking to dazzle with promises of Japanese-style "in dependence," the Office of War In formation says on the basis of To kyo broadcasts exploiting the re ported arrival in Japan of Subhas Chandra Bose, outlawed Indian ex tremist now very active in the Axis camp. Commemorative light* in Polish cemeteries must be extinguished during blackouts, according to an article in a German-language paper in Poland reported to the office of war information. • • • Iron and scrap collections m Rhode Island average about 3,000 tons a week, or more than 9 pounds j per capita. Life of Mower Can Be Prolonged It Is Wise to Repair And Oil Machine Early Mower breakdowns during hay harvesting are expensive in labor, time and farm crop losses, and new mowers are increasingly hard to get. But old mowers will give many years of good service if given prop er care. A frequent cause of poor work is misalignment of the cutter bar. With the mower tongue end raised 30 inches, stretch a cord tightly across the top center of the Pitman bar past the end of the cutter bar. The i outer end of the cutter bar, as | measured at the knife rivets, should be ahead of the string a fourth of : an inch for every foot length of cut ter bar. This setting is called the j “lead” and is necessary to give alignment of the cutting parts in heavy grass. Some mowers provide an eccentric bushing adjustment at the cutter bar hinge pin; in others the worn hinge pins will have to be replaced. Make sure that the knife sec tions register in the center of the guards at the extremes of the Pitman bar stroke. Failure in this causes pulled grass and heavy cutting. Incorrect Pitman length, hinge pin wear or im proper lead are the cause for poor register. The back of the knife is held by wearing plates while the knife clips reach over the bar and hold the front edge of the knife down against the guard or shear plates. When the wear plates or clips become Grease keeps your mower running smoothly. Use the correct grade. worn, the knife does not make close contact, thus causing heavy draft and uneven cutting. Wear plates can be moved ahead to take up the wear by loosening the guard bolts and driving the plate forward. Knife clips can be driven down with a hammer. Do this with the knife pulled back from under the clip and use the knife end as a measure of clip tightness. With all clips properly adjusted, the knife should slide back and forth by hand but there should be no play. Severe wear of the knife head ball joint will cause broken knives and shear ing of the knife head rivets. A new knife head is usually necessary for correction. Worn out guard or shear plates can be replaced without removing the guards. A guard anvil will be found extremely useful here. Dis carding guards because of worn shear plates is a waste of precious metal. For adjustments peculiar to a particular mower, see the mower j instruction book. Vaccinating Calves For Bang’s Disease “Many farmers have heard of the good results obtained from calfhood vaccination for Bang’s disease, and Immediately want to apply It to the older animals in their herds as well,” states the report from the American Foundation for Animal Health. “This presents an entirely different problem. Sometimes older vaccinated animals do not ‘clear up,’ and later on when herds are tested : it becomes difficult to distinguish them from natural reactors. The question of which animals should be vaccinated and when, are matters to be determined by a veterinarian. "Calfhood vaccination has been a great aid in clearing up Bang’s dis ease in individual herds, but our job today is to eradicate it completely. That is why we must pursue the cow-testing program on an area basis until all major farming sec tions have been cleared. More than 400 counties have already been cer tified, and this number will be great ly increased before the war is over. When Bang’s disease has been finally wiped out it will mean many mil lions in additional profits to Amer ican farmers.” .. Rural Briefs Fresh pork drippings are good for seasoning vegetables and for mak ing gravy; they may be clarified and used in place of other cooking fat. . . • | Extra sugar for canning will prob ably be made available again this summer, but sugar for jams, pre serves and jellies should be accumu j lated right now from your regu lar sugar ration. CLASSIFIED DEPARTMENT FEATHERS WANTED FEATHERS WANTED, NEW OR OLD Ship or write to Sterling Feather Company. MW N. Broadway. St. Lonlo, Missouri. Wanted—New goose, duckfeathers, also old used feathers. Top prices, prompt returns Ship to Farmers Store, Mitchell, g, D. GUERNSEY HEIFERS HIGH GRADE GUERNSEY HEIFERS, under one year and yearlings past. Also springer heifers. Special price on four FRED CHANDLER. CHARITON. IOWA. Horse-Drawn Vehicles RECONDITIONED buggies and carts, etc. Every kind of horse-drawn vehicles. Write' for catalog. M. D. Schrcibrr. (IN N. West ers Are., Chicago, ill. Hollyeonrt 8573. FINANCIAL e a BORROW MONEY BY MAIL • e — for buying, Belling, building, repairing, refi nancing propery, anywhere. Also for farming needs, feed, stock, equipment, etc. All other pur poses. Interest f»om 8% yearly. Repayment to 40 yearn. INTERSTATE HOUSING, Eureka, New Verb FARMS FOR SALE ( FARMS FOR SALE 1 15 years to pay — hw interest — low A principal pavments—just like paying rent. No red tape. Vie own no farms south of the Platte River or west of Buffalo, Sherman,Valley, Garfield, \ and Holt Counties. # Writs for lists. Specify counties in which you are interested, and wo will send lists with names of Super intendents. Courtesy to brokers. THE TRAVELERS INSURANCE CO. City National Bank Building OMAHA - NEBRASKA Camels Suffer Heatstroke Because the camels of North Africa often suffer from heat stroke, the Allied Nations have constructed a number of “Camel Heatstroke Centers’’ in Algeria, Tunisia and Libya, where pros trated animals may be treated. CONSTIPATED? GET GENTLE RELIEF! If your constipation is due to lack of "bulk” in the diet, and you have normal intes tines, why resort to powerful purgatives? They act princi pally by prodding your in testines into action or draw ing water Into them from other parts of your body l Try KELLOGG’S all-bran. Instead of working on you, all-bran works chiefly on the contents of your colon —helping you to easy, nat ural elimination. all-bran is a tasty break fast cereal. It’s sold by all grocers. Eat it regularly, drink plenty of water and “Join the Regulars”! Made by Kellogg’s in Battle Creek. 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