The frontier. (O'Neill City, Holt County, Neb.) 1880-1965, June 17, 1943, Image 6
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS FDR: Retaliation if Axis Uses Gas; Allied Confidence Rises as Air-Sea Forces Pound Mediterranean Islands; Heavier Taxes Will Fight Inflation (EDITOR’S NOTE: When opinions are expressed In these columns, they are those of Western Newspaper Union’s news analyst* and not necessarily of this newspaper.) ____________ Released by Western Newspaper Union. .. .— TEIEFACT JAPANESE IN U. S. INTERNMENT CAMPS NISEI KIBEI ISEI (BORN & EDUCATED IN U. S.) n, IBORN IN U EDUCATED IN JAPAN) AAA A A A (BORN & EDUCATED IN JAPAN) Each symbol represents 5,000 EUROPE: 4Mellow Light’ Even as Prime Minister Winston Churchill had declared that the "mellow light of victory” was al ready playing on the Allies, the Axis had been tensely alert for the long promised invasion of Europe. Axis communiques had oarly re ported attempted Allied landings on ‘‘stepping stone” islands between Africa and Italy. First of these was the Rome and Berlin radio reports of a'Commando movement on the tiny island of Lampedusa, bordering the Tunisian coast. Then came the Rome communique announcing that the garrison defending beleaguered Pantelleria had been called on to surrender by Allied forces. Pantel leria had experienced a pounding such as even Malta had not suffered, for here the devastating Allied bomb onslaughts from the air had been accompanied by withering bombard ment of Italian positions by unop posed Allied naval forces. Never before during the War had Prime Minister Churchill spoken so confidently as during his report to parliament concerning the European situation in which he described the amphibious operations of a "peculiar complexity” against the enemy. Concerning the Allied air offensive which observers had termed the ac tual first phase of the invasion, he declared that nothing will turn the Allies from their intention of accom plishing "the complete destruction of our foes by bombing from the air, in addition to all other means.” TAXES: New Levies Ahead With the pay-as-you-go bill now operative under presidential approv al. congressional leaders began con sideration of additional tax sources to meet the administration’s request that new tax measures be undertak en as a means of closing the infla tionary gap caused by the nation's tremendous purchasing power. While President Roosevelt had left up to congress the type of new taxes to be adopted before summer recess, he expressed his opposition to a gen eral sales tax on the grounds that it would impose too heavy a burden on the poorer people. While a com pulsory savings plan is not neces sary now, the President indicated that ultimately a combination of en forced savings and taxes would be required to meet his original budget request for $16,000,000,000 in new revenue for fiscal 1944. The Federal Reserve board re cently estimated excess purchasing power at $35,000,000,000. SUBSIDIES: Grange Head Demurs Albert S. Goss, master of the Na tional Grange, predicted that if the government employs subsidy pay ments to roll back food prices, "the nation is headed directly for infla tion and inevitable chaos." The farm.leader added that in his belief, a system of price controls by subsidy would lead to a food shortage for America and her allies. Testifying before a senate agri cultural subcommittee, the Grange master predicted that a 10 per cent roll back in the retail prices of but ter and meats, already ordered, would discourage production. "There are indications already,” he said, "that the butter and milk output are being reduced substantially." Mr. Goss contended that instead of the present price control system as a control of inflation, an effort should be made to bring supply and de mand into balance. GAS: FDR tf arris Axis President Roosevelt served blunt notice on the Axis that the use of poison gas against any one of the United Nations would result in swift and full retaliation by the United States with "terrible consequences” to enemy munitions centers, sea ports and other military objectives. This was the third time in 12 mopths the President had warned the Axis that the pse of gas would be a fatal boomerang. He said evi dence was "being reported with in creasing frequency from a variety of sources” that the enemy powers were making "significant prepara tions” indicative of an intention to use poisonous or noxious gases. Observers who noted that the President’s warning was similar in character to one issued by the Brit ish government recently, believed he had both Germany and Japan in mind. RUSSIA: Tactics in Reverse Using tactics in which the Allies had given them bitter lessons In Western Europe, the Nazis employed their waning air force in massed bombing attacks against Russian ar mament factories. Typical of this effort were the at tempts to wreck the giant Gorki works, 250 miles east of Moscow. While German and Soviet communi ques differed on the extent of the damage, both agreed that the at tacks were of a ferocious nature. Moscow radio admitted that casual ties and some damage were caused, but maintained that German reports were grossly exaggerated. Retaliatory raids were made on a big scale by Russian bombers which attacked the Unecha junction on the Bryansk-Gomel railroad, blowing up munitions dumps and fuel stores. Meanwhile in the midst of counter claims about opposing losses in the Caucasus, a German transocean agency broadcast predicted a big scale Russian attack on Novorossisk. TIGHTER BELTS: Forecast for *44 Somber warning that American ci vilians may have to tighten their belts in 1944 was sounded by the bureau of economics of the U. S. department of agriculture. The bureau in a review of the cur rent situation said that while there are enough rationed foods on hand, together with expected production to maintain present eating levels for the remainder of 1943. the outlook for 1944 may not be so favorable. The review stated that vegetable production is running about 13 per cent below last year; that early freezes have cut crops of apricots, j cherries, peaches, plums and prunes materially below 1942, Supplies of eggs next fall and winter “will be considerably below current levels,” the review added, while livestock may be adversely affected. DRIVING BAN: For All U. S.? Extension to the entire nation of the pleasure driving ban and other I restrictions on motoring in 12 east ern states was predicted by Maj. Jubal R. Parten. transportation di rector in the petroleum adminis tration. Specifically, Major Parten said that the petroleum administration | had been considering for some time the advisability of halting pleasure driving in Middle Western states and that such action for the entire na tion may be looked for soon. HIGHLIGHTS. ..in the week’s news DIVIDENDS: Cash dividend pay ments to corporation stockholders amounted to $292,000,000 in April, or $21,000,000 less than in the corre sponding month of 1942. • * * NAVY: A naval appropriations bill totaling $24,850,427,198 for the . fiscal year 1944 was passed by the senate and sent to conference with the house. LIVING COSTS: The cost of liv ing for wage earners rose about 1 per cent in 60 out of 62 cities sur veyed by the National Industrial con ference board during April. • » • SHIPPING: A record - breaking peace time merchant fleet of 15 to 20 million tons under the American flag was visualized by Adm. Emory S. Land. ARGENTINA: Neutral for Present The kaleidoscopic revolt in Ar gentina that had produced two new presidents in almost as many days had not shown the same speedy re sults with respect to the abolition of Argentina’s policy of neutrality toward the Axis. This latter was evident when the government of President Pedro Ramirez was pledged to an inter national policy of “neutrality for the present” and “loyal co-operation with nations of the Americas in con formance with existing pacts.” The Ramirez regime succeeded the brief provisional government of Gen. Arturo Rawson, who resigned after ousting isolationist President Ramon S. Castillo in an army-sup ported revolution. Scanning the new government’s personnel for possible clues as to future international policy, observ ers noted that President Ramirez’s new cabinet included eight military men to only one civilian. PACIFIC: U. S. Airmen Strike Allied airmen continued to strike heavy blows at Jap positions from the Aleutians clear across the Pa cific to Central China. Kiska was again the target of the Aleutians assault, with Allied Lib erators and Vega Venturas joining in the battering drive against this last enemy outpost in the archipela go. Over in the Solomons, Choiseul island and the Munda air bases were attacked by American planes. In New Guinea, Allied attack planes supporting ground forces in the Mu bo area strafed enemy positions on strategic Green’s Hill. American and Chinese air superi ority in the middle Yangtse valley continued to be manifest, as fliers from both forces swept over the Hupeh-Hunan battle area without meeting opposition. FATHERS: Work or Fight Mixup A misunderstanding over the de tails of the War Manpower com mission’s ‘‘work or fight” edict had been responsible for the induction of some fathers into military service in violation of draft regulations, WMC Chairman Paul V. McNutt re vealed. Mr. McNutt pointed out that the “work or fight” order had directed that fathers and others of draft age with dependents be inducted if they were employed in any of the 70 "nondeferable” occupations listed by the War Manpower commission. Se lective service regulations prohib it the drafting of fathers net in de ferable jobs. PLEDGE: ‘Exploitation s End' A world freed from international exploitation was listed by President Roosevelt as one of the postwar ob jectives of the United Nations. The President declared that bet ter use of human and natural re sources must be assured in the post war world if living standards are raised, continuing, “and I may add —the better use of these resources without exploitation by any nation.” Speaking to delegates from the recent United Nations Food confer ence, Mr. Roosevelt summed up "our ultimate objective” in this manner: “It is to build for ourselves— meaning all men, everywhere—a world in which each individual hu man being shall have the opportu nity to live out his life in peace; to work productively, earning at least enough for his actual needs and those of his family; to associate with the friends of his choice; to think and worship freely; and to die secure in the knowledge that his children, and their children shall have the same opportunities.” SLAUGHTER: Nazis Massacre Dutch Out of tightly censored Holland came news of fresh Nazi atrocities. These latest reports concerned the killing of thousands of Dutch citi zens in mass executions following a general strike that had halted all activity for nearly a week. They were made public by the Office of War Information. Allied sources learned that the strike had started when Nazi author ities announced that all members of the former Dutch army paroled in 1940 would be sent to Germany to work in Nazi war factories With in half an hour, reports said, fac tories, shops, public offices and even courts stopped. Within a few hours public services and transportation ceased to function. Ruthless executions then were un dertaken by the Germans. Bodies of the slain Dutch patriots were left where they fell in public squares and outside cities. Work resumption was eventually ordered by "Good Patriots” in order to avoid further slaughter. AIR FREIGHT: Plans for Future Prophetic of the future, the civil aeronautics board received a request for a charter for a vast network of aerial freight lines serving the Unit ed States and many foreign coun tries. The petitioner, the Keeshin Air Freight company, asked authority to serve 200 major cities in this country as well as many points in foreign countries through an ex 1 change of freight at 18 “gateways.” —— -- -— Victory Inevitable Despite Deadly, Undefeated Foe Optimistic Americans Fail to Realize Enemy’s Strength in Experienced Men, Naval Forces and Air Power. By BAUKHAGE News Analyst and Commentator. WVU Service, Union Trust Building, Washington, D. C. “But, General ..." The other day I said that after a long and enlightening talk by a high army officer who was patiently and painfully trying to show us why, de spite the recent victories of the Al lies, we still had a formidable enemy to meet, a dangerous, deadly and undefeated enemy. Victory, of course, is certain (eventually) but serious reverses, setbacks and sac rifices are still before us, he had said. 1 believe my own exclamation, “but, general" is typical of some of those “buts” which have arisen in your minds. America is the super-duper land of inventive genius, business genius, organizing genius, mass production, high standard of living, assembly line, giant industry, efficiency, wealth, central heating, apple pie and unlimited opportunity. True, we got our first real drubbing at Pearl Harbor but we came back; the Brit ish were licked at Singapore, too, but they won the battle of Britain. Latterly, we collaborated in the smashing victory of Tunisia . . . the Russians beat ’em at Stalingrad, the Chinese have held ’em off for what seems a lifetime. Why, then . . .? The general looked a little weary but he went on politely—I can’t quote all he said but will give you the parts the OWI says is “okeh.” “The enemy has the biggest, most effective fighting force in history.” Biggest? But America and Rus sia .. . and Australia? Armed Strength Figures (U. S. Army official): The enemy still Has 17 million men under arms. The German soldiers and their satellites, some a little ragged, still total 17 million trained men. The Japs have at least three million in uniform. These (the good and the bad) combine to make "the big gest most effective fighting mass ever assembled in history.” Remem ber, the enemy has been years build ing this force, and the civilians In these militaristic countries have sac rificed all the things necessary— things we wouldn’t even think of ra tioning, including liberty and de cency. In cold numbers, the enemy still outnumbers us in land forces. And even today, after Midway, Guadalcanal, Attu, Tunisia, Stalin grad, and the bombings, the enemy is still well equipped, well trained, well co-ordinated, can operate under adverse conditions and in the face of terrific hardships which our troops are just now beginning to master. That is a brief sum up of the en emy land forces from a military man’s point of view. As to the enemy naval forces. The Germans have, though you may not have realized from recent news, a small but highly specialized navy still afloat, plus the sub! The submarine is still the biggest Allied problem. Submarines are tough animals now. Our own are tough enough and these animals | are the German specialty. Depth bombs have to go deep to do any more than break the glass in the shaving mirrors and instrument faces. Even in the last war, it took a lot of depth bombs to get one sub. Now the subs can crash dive, shiver and rise to fight back . . . and fight back they can! They are mounted with guns, they can stand up to an escort ship, at least a corvette, and it takes a destroyer or a fast cruisef to catch them even when they stay on the surface where they can re turn fire. The small stuff (30 cali ber) bounces off their scales. Japan's Navy The surface ships which Germany has are not so much of a factor. But Japan’s navy is still to be reck oned with. It is not destroyed but it has to be before we can achieve victory in the Pacific. Just taking islands won’t do the job—and see ! how long it took to take an island, first Guadalcanal; now (almost at this writing) Attu. Airforce: America now leads the world. But remember Germany was the first to build a supreme "luft waffe” and that luftwaffe and the men who made it are not all dead yet. Japan’s vaunted Zeros which could outmaneuver us because of their lightness, it is true, exploded at one shot. They have been im- ! proved. Germany has improved a i number of her models, too. She is holding back many for defense. The enemy army, as a whole, is better trained by experience than j our men. But those of our men who ' have had equal training and experi- ! ence are as good or better, man for man, although not yet perhaps, of- j fleer for officer. Remember, Ger many and Japan bred an officer class. We trained a few profes- | sional officers, limited their prestige, resources and opportunity. The ma-! jority of our officers in wartime come from civilian life. They are good, when they get the training and the experience. As to the fighting man. Well, we’ve stood up to Hitler’s finest in Africa at bayonet’s length—we’ve beaten the crawling Jap at his own game, jungle fighting. Long Range View But still we have those odds which I (or rather the general) mentioned when we look at the long range vista. They are the things which the general brought up in answer to 1 the “buts”—I’ll name the "buts” in | a second. The point is he showed me why it can’t be done tomorrow— why we civilians have to be patient. He showed me what we have to do before we get over that “ridge.” After tomorrow, we can consider: The enemy hasn’t the initiative the Americans and British have. When things don’t go according to plan, they are likely to "bust.” We won’t. The enemy has had its best men in the army a long time—its replace ments are not as good as ours will be. Much of the enemy-held territory has a hostile population which will work with the Allies against the en emy when we move in. Japan and Germany will fail on critical materials before we will— we can beat them at their own game of “ersatz,” too; witness synthetic rubber. We can manufacture and build faster because we have more to do it with than they have. Our home front is farther away from the battle front—and it is more in sympathy with the government, despite polit ical difficulties. But remember the "buts.” War Stimulates Changes in Education One of the many changes which the war has stimulated is the change in education. Education is going to count more after the war. Many boys will come back partially trained in trades and professions which they can follow if they have the additional theoretical and prac tical instruction necessary to arm them for the stiff competition which is expected. As a result, college entrance ex amination requirements will be greatly altered for many of these men will lack the traditional pre requisites. Reform in this field is one of the 11 major objectives, dis cussed in a report of the commis sion on liberal education of the As sociation of American Colleges. "If an educational program is to be of genuine service to the men and women of the post-war world,” the report of the college committee says, "it must perform two func tions simultaneously. It must take them as they are and appeal to their immediate desires and special needs, and it must provide for their common and enduring needs in a post-war society.” It will be recalled that the boom after the last war created the coon skin collegian and the flapper coed. The word “collegiate” tiad a mean ing then which took it far afield from the cloister of learning. The crop of students—veterans—will be more serious. They must be taken more seriously. They must have aptitude and achievement tests rath er than book-learning examinations; there must be more individualized instruction, more tutorial and semi nar methods, special attention must be given to co-ordinated instruction that will aid in the transition from army or industrial life to peacetime community and family relations and the responsibilities of citizenship. B R I E F S . . . by Baukhage , ■■ ■ 1 ■ ■ Foods are “home canned” says OPA if: (1) they have been canned in a kitchen primarily used for the preparation of meals or to dem onstrate the preparation of meals (2) they have been canned in a sep j arate building or shed which a farm house has equipped for canning pur poses, if the owner has obtained per mission from his local ration board to use such facilities. Swedish Foreign Minister Chris tian E. Guenther, declaring that “no neutral power can maintain an absolute balance between warring camps” told an audience at Eskil stuna that Sweden was making “con cessions" to Germany “in a higher degree than to the western powers,” the Swedish Hoerby radio said in a domestic broadcast reported to the Office of War Information. Released by Western Newspaper Union. PAINFUL FEET While the word orthopedic means straightening of the feet, orthopedic physicians are consulted by patients who have any trouble with bones Dr. Barton and joints of the en tire body. That phy sicians would be of more help to pa tients if they studied foot pains more, is admitted by the medical profession. That pains in the feet are very often due to infection— teeth, tonsils — is knowTO and patients with painful feet who are not on their feet much are likely suffering with in fection. In fact, some orthopedic physicians state that more than half of painful feet are due to infection. ! And when we think of the number of bones and joints in the feet, in which arthritis can get started, this is not hard to understand. However, there are a great many cases of painful feet due to bearing the weight of the body. In speaking of functional disorders of the feet (that is not due to dis ease or infection) Dr. D. J. Morton, New York, in the New York State Journal of Medicine, states that the commonest cause of pain in sole of foot is because the inner bone of the sole of the foot, corresponding with big toe, is shorter than the oth er four bones and the ligaments sup porting it are loose or not as tight as with the other bones in sole of foot. Thus pain here is just like pain in any other joint that is being con stantly strained. In other words im proper weight distribution, too much at this point, causes the pain. Suggestions for treatment of pain ful feet are: (1) less work or play and weight bearing, (2) rest, (3) many short rests during the day with the legs and feet well support ed at level of hips. (4) removal of all irritation (corns, calluses, warts) which cause the individual to put his weight elsewhere when walking and avoidance of badly fitting shoes, (5) plunging feet first into hot and then into cold water a few times aft er the day’s work is over to improve the circulation. Dr. Morton gives a helpful work ing rule which is to assume (in gen eral) that pain at top and sides of the foot is likely caused by the shoe; when pain is on the bottom of the foot, the trouble is generaly inside the foot. An X-ray should be taken from top of foot to sole of both feet. • * • Sulfa Drugs Reduce Influenza Death Rate Physicians who went through the influenza epidemic of 1918-1919, and witnessed the hopelessness in the treatment of thousands of cases, now look with eager eyes toward future battles with influenza. It was because influenza went on to pneumonia and bronchopneumo nia and the heart already dam aged by influenza was unable to sus tain the continued fight against pneu monia and bronchopneumonia, that so many victims died. Now that the physician has at hand the sulfa drugs which have reduced the death rate in pneumonia from nearly 10 per cent to about 3 per cent, he is able to fight influenza and pneumo nia successfully. Some interesting figures were re cently released by Dr. Louis I. Dub lin of the Metropolitan Life Insur ance company. The figures show that there has been a decrease in the death rate of influenza and pneu monia of 65 per cent from 1900" to 1940, that is from 202 per hundred thousand of the population in 1900 to 70 in 1940. While this is gratifying, the use of the sulfa drugs during 1941 and ( 1942 has caused an even more rapid decrease. How remarkable this drop in the death rate really is can only be realized by thinking of the rate of decrease in the years 1900 to 1940, or before the general use of the sulfa drugs. For the general population, the decrease in the death rate from influenza and pneumonia has been at the rate of 1% a year for the 40 years. During the last two years, judging the whole population by the millions of wage earners and their families of the Metropolitan Insur ance company, the death rate has decreased more than 14 per cent a year. In other words, the sulfa drugs have decreased the death rate i in influenza and pneumonia over nine times as much each of the last two j years as in any of the previous 40 I years. • • • HEALTH BRIEFS Q —Will you please advise on the seriousness of polypus for the benefit of my husband who has them in his nose, but refuses to have them re , moved. A.—Your husband is like many others who haven’t needed doctors much. However, the polypus is an obstruction and irritates passages so that it causes coughing. This cough ing may cause more serious trouble. ! Removal of this soft growth is very | simple. By VIRGINIA VALE Released by Western Newspaper Union. □1 COLUMBIA’S “Ap pointment in Berlin” set:! George Sanders, pretending to be a traitor for his coun try’s sake, is under arrest:! the bit player charged with handcuffing him bursts through a door and tries to wrap the steel bracelets around Sanders’ wrists. Tries again and again and can’t get them to clasp. “You're not putting mit tens on a baby!” Director A1 Green cries at last. “You act as if you were afraid of hurting Mr. Sanders.” The bit player looks sheepish, and Sanders pulls his sleeves back from his bruised and bleeding wrists. "Really, you’re being a bit hard on the fellow,” says he. “He has tried It the other way, you know.” -* Claire Trevor scored in radio on the “Big Town” series with Edward G. Robinson several years ago, thereby giving her screen career a CLAIRE TREVOR boost. Now she’s a radio regular again, on the “Mayor of the Town” series Wednesday nights with Lionel Barrymore. -* Two ex-choir singers kept the set of Paramount’s “True to Life” filled with music. They were Mary Mar tin and Dick Powell, both of whom began their musical careers singing hymns in the home-town church. They sang in their dressing rooms and on the set; just couldn’t seem to stop. When they weren’t singing the music written for the picture they were rehearsing songs for their radio shows. The tunes for the pic ture were written by Johnny Mer cer and Hogy Carmichael; no won der the stars couldn’t stop singing! -* Looks as if Zasu Pitts is making a swell comeback in “Let’s Face It,” after concluding her run in her play. “Her First Murde^,” Zasu de serves a good picture, after work ing in the lamentable one called “Tish." _ilL_ George Reeves spent four years struggling through small roles in big pictures, hoping for the break that would boost him to the top. He got it, opposite Claudette Colbert in ‘‘So Proudly We Hail”—and was induct ed into the army when the picture was finished. -* Way, way back Universal decided to follow its hilarious “My Man God frey” with “My Girl Godfrey,” with Carole Lombard in the title role. Now it’s scheduled again, with Deanna Durbin starring, along with Ftanchot Tone and Pat O’Brien. -* Ton’ll have to see "Stars in the Service” if you yearn to see what your favorite movie heroes are up to in the armed forces. It will be the first release of the 23rd year of Co lumbia’s "Screen Snapshots,” and will present virtually every male star and featured player.who is in uniform. It was made by Ralph Staub—it’s the 565th short he’s pro duced, directed and photographed. IP Ray Noble, of the Edgar Bergen Charlie McCarthy air show, is ex cited over the announcement that Warner Bros, will produce a picture named for Ray’s tune, “The Very Thought of You”; he wrote it in 1934, and it’s still popular. It will be spotted in the same manner as “As Time Goes By” was spotlighted so successfully in "Casablanca,” sty -7C The Andrews Sisters will return to radio on June 30, when they will be guest stars on Morton Gould’s Carnival over CBS. Having finished the Hollywood chore for Universal— which they didn’t want to do— they're glad to be coming back, even though they’ve made so much money already this year that they’ll have to give their radio salaries right back to Uncle Sam! -^ ODDS AND ENDS—The house ap pearing as the birthplace of the hero in “The Story of Dr. Wassell” is really the old burn where C. 11. De Mille filmed his first picture three decades ago . . . John Nesbitt revives his “The Tossing Tarade" on the air June 29, filling in for 13 weeks for Fibber Mc Gee and Molly . . . Jean Darker offered her St. Bernard to the Army as a war dog, but he was turned down unless he reduces, he weighs 215 pounds . . . It will be a working vacation for Jackie (Homer) Kelk of “The Aldrich Family” when the serial takes a vacation this summer: he's going to Hollywood to make pictures.