WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS
U. S. Invasion of Attu Is Second Step
In Drive to Oust Japs From Aleutians;
Discount Rumors of Nazi-Italian Rift
As Allies Plan Heavy Knockout Blows
(EDITOR’S NOTE: When opinion* ore expressed in the*e column*, (hey ore those of
' Western Newspaper I'nlon’* new* analysts and not necessarily of thl* newspaper.)
________ Released by Western Newspaper Union. . ■ - .
Pictured arc member* of the delegation of the United States to the
United Nations conference on food and agriculture at Hot Springs, Va.
Left to right, seated: Murray D. Lincoln, executive secretary of the
Ohio Farm Bureau Federation; Miss Josephine Schain; Judge Marvin
Jones, conference chairman. Standing: Paul It. Appleby, undersecre
tary of agriculture; W. L. Clayton, assistant secretary of commerce, and
Thomas Parran, M.D., surgeon general, U. S. Public Health Service.
ATTU:
Second Step in Aleutians
Firmly established on Attu, west
ernmost of the Aleutian islands in
Japanese hands, strong American
forces pushed forward against bit
ter opposition by the enemy.
First to admit the American land
ings, the Japs also were first to con
fess that heavy U. S. aerial and naval
bombardments provided an irresist
ible cover for a continuing stream
of reinforcements.
Presaging their defeat on Attu, the
Japs made much of the claim that
their troops were fighting numerical
ly superior forces.
In Washington, Col. R. Ernest Du
puy declared that the attack on Attu
was the second step in the drive to
oust the Japs from the Aleutians.
The first, he said, was the American
occupation of Amchitka and Adak
to establish bases from which to
strike not only Attu but also Kiska,
172 miles to the east.
FOOD CONFERENCE:
Post-War Agriculture
Reconstruction of agriculture In
Europe after the war was the prin
cipal subject of discussion among
the representatives attending the
United Nations food conference in
Hot Springs, Va.
According to Marvin H. Jones,
chairman of the parley and head
of the U. S. delegation, conferees
are chiefly concerned with getting
the farmlands of reclaimed coun
tries back into production.
Problems connected with such an
effort, such as adequate distribu
tion of supplies and materials, and
the planning for the production of
crops which would furnish local pop
ulations with nutritional diets, were
brought into study.
The conference, in the nature of
a discussion, brings no binding
agreements among the nations,
Jones said. Representatives will
present conclusions of the confer
ence to their respective govern
ments for further action.
ITALY:
No Setup
After a sudden welter of rumor,
it appeared as though the Allies
would have to take Italy the hard
way. The Italians and Nazis gave
no sign of handing it over on a silver
platter.
King Victor Emmanuel answered
wild rumors originated by the Free
French that he was about to abdi
cate by appearing at an art exhibi
tion in Rome to receive the ap
plause of his subjects.
Talk giat Hitler was preparing to
abandon Italy to its fate and draw
all Nazi forces into the Brenner pass
were immediately counteracted by
plentiful assurances in the German
press that Der Fuehrer had no such
idea.
Allied airmen apparently were the
first to take these rumors with a
grain of salt. Even as the abdica
tion talk, etc., intrigued the arm
chair strategists, bombers were
plastering the seaplane base of Lido
di Roma, 15 miles from the Italian
capital. Hangars, moorings and
planes were the targets.
Rome admitted damage in the
vicinity, but claimed Axis planes
had bombed Algerian harbors “with
good results.”
RECIPROCAL TRADE:
Renewal Fought
Renewal of President Roosevelt’s
authority to negotiate reciprocal
trade treaties with foreign countries
was the subject of heated debate in
congress, with successful efforts to
limit the life of the President’s pow
er to two years.
Claimed os a great contribution to
stable international relations by its
advocates, and opposed as a dan
gerous threat to our tariff system by
its foes, the Reciprocal Trade act
passed through the house only after
fierce debate and a two-year limita
tion on its existence.
Inspired by Secretary of State
Cordell Hull, administration forces
contended that renewal of the act
now was necessary to assure the
world that we were prepared to par
ticipate in the revival of interna
tional commerce and stabilize em
ployment and marketing in other
countries.
Foes of the act said it had tailed
to avert war since its creation in
1934. They tried to limit its opera
tions by offering amendments which
would allow congress to review
treaties; permit domestic producers
to testify against provisions of any
treaty, and prevent the importation
of products when they sold for less
than the American cost of produc
tion.
WHEAT:
May Increase Acreage
With some officials claiming cur
rent consumption of wheat will run
500 million bushels over the 1943
crop of 690,000,000 bushels, the War
Food administration has been de
bating about the possibility of in
creasing acreage allotment next
year by 20 or 25 per cent.
If the WFA has hesitated in de
ciding on an increase, it has been
for fear that production of other im
portant staples like corn, flaxseed,
soybeans and peas would drop. The
problem centers around boosting
wheat output without sacrificing oth
er yields.
This year, 55 million acres of
wheat were seeded, and intended in
creases would add 11 million acres.
At a normal yield of 12 bushels to
the acre, the WFA estimates the
extra plantings would produce a
crop of 702 million bushels.
HOSPITAL SHIP:
Sunk by Japs
With its red cross sign brightly
lighted and the whole vessel fully
illuminated, the Australian hospital
ship Centaur was silently plying
through placid waters to New
Guinea.
Suddenly a terrific explosion shook
the ship, and in a moment, it was
wrapped in raging orange flames.
As many of the vessel's complement
of 363 fought to escape the burning
hulk, the ship went down, only 64
surviving.
Cause of the sinking: a Japanese
torpedo. Even as some of the sur
vivors clung shakily to a raft, they
could see the submarine's lights
flickering over the dark sea
Said Gen. Douglas MacArthur: "1
cannot express the revulsion I feel
at this unnecessary act of cruelty
. . . The Red Cross will not falter
under this foul blow. Its light of
mercy will but shine the brighter on
our way to eventual victory.”
HIGHLIGHTS • • • in the week’s news
CASUALTIES: British losses in
the Middle East and Africa have
totaled 220,000 since Italy entered
the war.
• • •
GOOD REASON: Love-sickness
was accepted as a reason for allow
ing an essential woman employee
to leave her job in the States and
take another in Pearl Harbor—beside
her •w#«theart.
OPA: President Roosevelt has
asked for an appropriation of $177,
000,000 to operate the Office of Price
Administration during the fiscal
year 1044.
• • •
BOOKS: Some 35 million pocket
size editions of popular'books will
be published on order for the army,
navy and marine corps for service
men.
RUML PLAN:
In Again, Out Again
Passed by the senate, the Ruml
plan was rejected by the house for
the third time, in the wake of an
open letter from President Roose
velt indicating he would veto such a
bill
As a result of the action, some
form of pay-as-you-go legislation
was put squarely up to a confer
ence committee of the house and
senate.
The committee had two bills as a
basis on which to map pay-as-you
go. One was the senate measure
modeled after the Ruml plan, for
giving all of either the 1942 or 1943
income tax, whichever is lower, and
only assessing incomes in excess of
normal. The other was the house
bill, only wiping out the regular fl
per cent tax plus the first surtax
rate of 13 per cent on 1942 income.
In both cases, a 20 per cent with
holding tax would be taken out of all
weekly or monthly wages after de
ductions of lawful exemptions to ap
ply on the 1943 tax. Farmer* and
professional people would pay on
their estimated tax in quarterly in
stallments, making a final settle
ment on March 15^ of the following
year.
PRODUCTION:
On Schedule
“On all important categories in
the President’s (war production)
program we are up to and ahead of
schedule.”
With these words, War Production
Board Chairman Donald Nelson de
scribed the nation’s booming indus
trial effort. Only in the matter of
airplanes did he speak with reserva
tion, declaring the situation was one
with emphasis now placed on quality
rather than quantity.
Changing needs of the services
may necessitate some alterations in
production plans. Nelson said, echo
ing reports that revised schedules
have slowed the tempo of some
plants while increasing it in others.
Tank produfctionhas been chopped,
Nelson revealed, since Great Britain
and Russia have reduced their esti
mates of their needs.
GERMANY:
Ruhr Flooded
Flying at an altitude of 100 feet,
four - engined British Lancasters
dropped heavy mines in the huge
reservoirs of the Eder and Mohne
dams in northwestern Germany.
Then British airmen watched the
mines swirl into the dams’ sluices,
explode and break open big breaches
through which the pent-up waters
roared to deluge the Ruhr and Wes
ser valleys below.
Hydro-electric stations throughout
the area were crippled by the rising
flood waters; traffic on the vital Mit
tleland canal, which unites all of
Germany’s river transportation, was
disrupted, and the important indus
trial city of Kassel and others be
yond were inundated.
Reports reaching Switzerland said
at least 4,000 people had been killed
and 120,000 made homeless by the
torrents. The German high com
mand admitted property damage
and casualties "were very high as
walls of water rushed through pop
ulated districts.”
Visitor
Dr. Eduard Benes, president of
the Chechoslovakian govcrnmcnt-in
exile, is shown as he conferred with
President Roosevelt during an in
formal visit at the White House.
U. S. CASUALTIES:
80,000 Lost
In 17 months of warfare, U. S
losses have approximated 80,000
men.
Army casualties include 6.076
killed; 12,277 wounded; 24,345 miss
ing, and 12,244 reported prisoners.
Of the wounded, 4,000 have returned
to duty or been discharged from hos
pitalization. The major losses in
prisoners or missing were suffered
in the Philippines.
In the navy, 7,218 have been
killed, 4,683 wounded, and 12,061
missing Since September, 1941. the
merchant marine has reported 4.555
casualties.
COAL TRUCE:
Still Friends
Continuing to act in unison, Secre
tary of the Interior Harold lekes
and United Mine Workers’ chief
John Lewis arranged for a 15-day
truce in the tangled mine situation
Once before, the two had agreed
to a 15-day breathing spell, as 435.000
bituminous and anthracite miners
were preparing to stay away from
the pits. Miners were lining up be
hind Lewis again to strike when ex
tension of the truce was announced.
Allied Food Conference
Envisions World Council
International Group Would Be Empowered to
Oversee Production, Distribution of ‘Bread
And Beef’ to Feed Society of Nations.
By BAUKHAGE
New* Analyst and Commentator.
WNU Service, Union Trast Building
Washington, D. C.
Back in the summer of 1940, I sat
In a chair under a Whispering tree
and looked out over a wide and har
bored lawn. The mountains were
about us. We were resting in a nest
carved out of the wilderness and
equipped with all the luxuries that a
pampered human could demand.
Lovely, indolent women in sports
dresses sat at tables under colored
umbrellas. Handsome, indolent
youths in blazers lolled beside them.
Negro servants padded about with
tall, cooling and expensive drinks.
I call it a “nest." I belonged there
just like a cuckoo but I enjoyed it.
It was all right. It helped circu
late the money (I was a guest at a
bankers’ convention). But I thought
back. Six months before I had rid
den in an army transport plane over
shuddering Europe. I looked about
and saw the easy, harmless but
useless life about me, made possible
by the easy harvesting of America’s
riches.
I sighed (a little enviously) and
said to myself: “This can’t last.”
It is a strange coincidence that
today, at this very same spot, repre
sentatives of the United Nations are
gathering to try to write the pre
scription for the third freedom—
freedom from want.
This gathering isn’t concerned
with summer resorts de luxe al
though it meets at one. It is con
cerned with the proposition: We
must raise the standard of living all
over the globe so that the underfed
can produce enough of their handi
work to exchange it for enough to
eat—something they just never had
before.
It is just too big for me to grasp,
but what’s a heaven for, asks Brown
ing, if our reach doesn’t exceed our
grasp?
World Council
This plan envisions an internation
al council at the head of a system
of administrative bodies among
which would be an agricultural coun
cil, supported by an agricultural
bank (all this international) which
would direct groups studying and
applying nutrition standards, direct
ing the supply of products, storing
surpluses, shifting crops to balance
supply and demand, maintaining
ever-normal storehouses of non-per
ishable crops, adjusting processing
of perishable crops, developing new
markets, taking care of relief in
devastated or stricken areas, advis
ing and assisting the poorer popula
tion groups to increase their effi
ciency and consumption.
In other wo-ds, these people who
have spent hours and months and
devoted arduous labor to working
out this idea are trying to furnish
the plan for economic machinery to
hold up the hands of the political
effort of a league of nations, new
style—the bone and sinew, the bread
and beef to feed a society of nations
Joined together under one political
umbrella of world co-operation.
Such an idea is laughed out of
court in advance by the folk who
talk of crazy dreamers, impractical
long-hairs and the like. Maybe it
is impossible. But a lot of people
are saying: “Well, for heaven’s
sake, let's try it, let’s try anything
—nothing can cost more in blood,
sweat and dollars than war.”
The United States proved a lot of
things were possible under the sharp
lash of war which would have been
sneered into oblivion if they had
been blueprinted before Pearl Har
bor.
Take an egg, tor example. Noth
ing up our sleeves. Just an egg.
“Before the war,” says Frank Wil
son of the department of commerce,
“when Biddy, the hen, laid an egg
In Cole county, Missouri, her subse
quent cackle of satisfaction was
based on the anticipation that that
egg might get as far as Sedalia, St.
Louis or, on rare occasions, New
York.”
Then Hitler dreamed up a world
war and somebody dreamed up a
thing called lend-lease. Today, Bid
dy’s product goes around the world.
Dehydration
Scient.sts invented dehydration and
the process, as far as eggs are con
cerned, is only a year and a half old.
Before the war, only 10 firms dried
eggs to any extent and most of those
dried albumen only. Today, accord
ing to Mr. Wilson, 130 egg-drying
plants, big ones, mostly scattered
through the Middle West, are drying
eggs. Wilson predicts that before
the war is over, 35 per cent of Amer
ica’s three billion dozens of eggs will
be treated for processing annually.
And so the fragile egg, formerly
shipped only short distances, can
travel anywhere. How great the
American market for dehydrated
eggs will be depends on to what ex
tent the consumer takes to the idea,
undoubtedly world consumption will
increase because of the excellent
lend-lease sampling and the ease
of shipment.
You may not be able to deliver
your quart of milk from the Wiscon
sin milk shed to the Hottentot’s front
porch but you can get your dried
milk or dehydrated eggs there—if
you can adjust things so the Hotten
tot can produce enough to trade for
what you have to sell. This applies
to many other products. At present,
if everybody could buy them, all the
shirts made in peacetime wouldn’t
produce a shirt and a half per back.
It’s the old story right down the
line—we can invent the machinery to
make anything. We are away be
hind in our inventions to improve the
human lot. It’s no harder but it
takes more imagination. You can
lead a horse to water but you can’t
make him drink, they say. The prob
lem with humans is different. You’ve
got the hungry man and the table and
the food, but so far you haven’t
been able to fix things so you can
lead him to it.
• • •
Russ-Jap Friendship—
And American Ships
On May 7, Washington had the
first official explanation of the many
bombings of the Jap-held Aleutian
island of Kiska. It said: “United
States air forces have established
military positions, including an air
field on Amchitka and have been in
occupation of this island since Janu
ary.”
The same day, the Associated
Press sent out a dispatch dated
"February 16 (delayed).” I might
say, "I’ll say it was delayed.”
It began this way: "Despite a
series of eight Japanese bombing
raids, this American airbase, only a
few minutes flight from Kiska island
went into operation today.”
I quote all this to show what a
highly confidential war we are run- 1
ning. By the time this sees print—
perhaps while I’m writing these
lines—Kiska may be in American
hands after a land invasion which
it is admitted is the only way we
can oust the enemy from this spot.
If the Japs have gone by the time
you read this, there will be a sigh
of at least partial regret in some
quarters. The reason is this. As long
as the Japs are on an island like Kiska
(or Guadalcanal) more Japs have
to try to reach them, to bring them
supplies and keep them alive. And
while that goes on, the Americans
have a chance to keep enemy
wounds open. Japs themselves are
expendable. They are cheap, the
sun god has a lot of them and he's
generous in spending them. But he
hasn't so many ships or so many
supplies. So killing Japs doesn’t
bother the Mikado nearly as much
as sinking his ships.
That is one reason the upturning
of the last Jap toes on any of their
stolen, far-flung bases will be a
source of at least partial regret.
There is another reason. Day in
and day out, from Vancouver and
Seattle, secret ships, loaded with
supplies for our Russian ally have
been calmly sailing away past the
Jap-held Kiska and Attu, under the
Japanese guns in the narrow waters
that lead to Vladivostok.
Now that was a little matter ap
proved by Russia and Japan who
hate and fear each other privately 1
but officially are “friendly nations.”
The question arises now: When and
if we trounce the little men out of
the stronghold they have dug with
their fingernails in the rocky Attu
and Kiska, will they be as willing
to let us keep on shipping supplies
to Russia?
Perhaps it doesn't matter. By
that time, which may be now. the
situation may have changed. The
interesting thing is that the situation
does change and thanks to the cen
sorship, nobody knows it until the
knowledge ceases to be aid and com
fort to the enemy.
But it's tough on a newsman.
B R I E F S . . . by Baukliage
Victory gardeners planning to cul- ;
-.vate plots away from their homes
will be eligible for extra rations of
gasoline this summer, if they can
6how need tor extra mileage, the
OPA has announced.
• • •
In 1918, American war expendi
tures were only 18V4 billion dollars—
In 1943, they will exceed 100 billion
dollars.
I
A German seamstress was sen
tenced to six months imprisonment
when she answered an advertise
ment anti demanded her pay in eggs i
and dairy products instead of money,
according to a Nazi press report re
ceived by the Office of War Informa
tion. When the girl was refused, the
report said, she left saying that she
had enough customers who would
comply with such demands.
Released by Western Newspaper Union.
BEHAVIOR TREATMENT
One of the difficulties about the
treatment of behavior symptoms by
the use of insulin or metrazol is that
some patients who have undergone
Dr. Barton
this method, or have
spoken to patients
who have done so,
are somewhat afraid
of it, notwithstand
ing that they have
experienced or ob
served its helpful re
sults. It is for this
and other reasons
that many physi
cians are now using
the electrically in
duced convulsions in
cases where the
mental symptoms are not due to any
true or organic disease of the brain.
I have spoken twice before about
this method and in the Illinois Medi
cal Journal, Dr. J. V. Edlin, Chi
cago, reports the use of electric
shock treatment in 126 cases.
The length of time the patients
suffered with their symptoms ranged
from less than six months to 10
years, and included all the functional
psychoses such as anxieties, fears,
dream states and melancholia.
Of the patients who were ill for
less than six months, about 53 per
cent recovered; the rate for those
ill from six months to one year was
about 31 per cent; for those ill from
one to five years it was 21 per cent,
and for those ill from 6 to 10 years
it was 20 per cent.
The best results were obtained
by patients suffering from involu
tional melancholia (depressed feel
ing of middle and old age). The next
best occurred in patients with cata
tonia (where dream state passes into
melancholia) and then those with
hebephrenia (silliness which comes
on at puberty) and dementia pre
cox combined with hebephrenic and
catatonic features.
Dr. Edlin found that just as with
insulin and metrazol the symptoms
before receiving electric shock treat
ment determined the chances of his
recovery; the shorter the time, the
better the chances. Dr. Edlin pre
fers electrical to metrazol treatment
because of the high percentage of re
coveries and the almost total ab
sence of fear. He also advises that
the usual treatment of mental cases
by questioning the patient and ex
plaining the causes of the symptoms
should be used in addition to the
electric shock treatment.
X-Ray Treatment of
Goiter Beneficial
In examining recruits for the last
■ war we were always on the alert
so that cases of early thyroid dis
ease (goiter) were not accepted.
When the heartbeat was fast the
recruit rested for some time and
was given a daily paper to read. If
his heartbeat was slower after the
rest and he was fit otherwise he was
accepted. In some cases where, in
addition to the rapid heartbeat,
there was trembling of the hands
and eyes were bulging he was con
sidered a thyroid case and rejected
at once.
The cause of the symptoms is that
too much juice or extract is being
manufactured by the thyroid gland
and this juice increases the rate at
which all the body processes work.
The amount of increase is measured
by a special apparatus and if it is
plus 15 or more it is considered a
case of early goiter, hyperthyroid as
it is called. If test shows minus 15
it shows that the thyroid gland is
not manufacturing enough juice.
When too much juice is being man
ufactured, all or part of the thyroid
gland is removed by operation or
by the use of X-ray treatments. If
not enough juice is being manufac
tured the physician prescribes daily
doses of the juice or thyroid extract.
Before treatment for removal of
the thyroid gland is given. Dr.
George E. Pfahler, professor of ra
diology, graduate school of medi
cine, University of Pennsylvania, in
medical clinics of North America,
states that the cause or causes of
the hyperthyroid condition should be
removed insofar as this is possible.
Usual causes are focal infection
(teeth, tonsils or other organ), do
mestic difficulties, worry, overwork
or some other strain.
As many patients fear operation
and delay should be avoided, Dr.
Pfahler points out that X-ray treat
ment gives about as good end re
sults as surgery and these patients
will more willingly undergo the
X-ray method of treatment. Where,
however, the need for the removal of
the thyroid gland is urgent surgery
is the proper treatment.
• • •
HEALTH BRIEFS
Q.—Is low blood pressure a dis
ease?
A.—Low blood pressure Is not a
disease; It is a sign that something
is wrong—tbin blood, infection of
teeth, etc. The treatment your doc
tor is giving you should build you
up while finding the cause of low
blood pressure.
Q —What is the result of continu
ous use of phenobarbital?
A.—Phenobarbital as prescribed
by your physician is safe to ose.
Soil Chemists Study
Farm Crop Diet Needs
Determine Extent to
Which Plants Use Food
If farm crops are provided with a
more substantial diet by the addition
of nitrogen, phosphorus, potash and
calcium to the soil, the plants will
do their part by utilizing the in
creased nutrients and passing them
on to their human or livestock con
sumers in the form of needed min
erals.
This was the conclusion of a spe
cial study to determine the extent to
which crops will use plant food when
given the opportunity, conducted by
Dr. George D. Scarseth, soil chem
ist of the Purdue university agricul
tural experiment station. He was
assisted by Dr. D. H. Sieling, as
sistant professor of agronomy and
R. E. Lucas, graduate assistant.
These soil scientists used test plots
on which various fertilizer treat
ments had been applied and plots
which received no treatment what
ever. Then they compared the rate
of plant food used by the crops
grown on these plots.
Three different locations were used
for the tests. These included Crosby
silt loam plots at Lafayette, Ind.,
Bedford silt loam at Bedford and
Clermont silt loam at North Vernon.
The crops studied for three consecu
tive years included corn, wheat,
oats, alsike and red clover, soy
beans, timothy and lespedeza.
In general, the tests revealed
that crops produced on fertilized
plots utilized about twice as
much nitrogen, nearly three
times as much phosphorus and
two and one-half times as much
potash per acre as those grown
on untreated plots.
At Bedford, for example, a corn,
wheat, soybean and hay rotation
grown on a plot treated with a 3-18-9
analysis, utilized 43 pounds of nitro
gen, 12 pounds of phosphorus and 29
pounds of potash per acre. Plant
food used by the same crop on an
unfertilized plot amounted to only
20 pounds of nitrogen, 4.5 pounds of
phosphorus and 12 pounds of potash
per acre. On another plot where
lime was added to the 3-18-9 analy
sis. the crops utilized 55 pounds of
nitrogen, 15 pounds of phosphorus
and 31 pounds of potash. When both
lime and manure were added, the
plant food utilization increased to
71, 21 and 52 pounds respectively.
On Clermont silt loam soil at
North Vernon, a corn, wheat and
hay rotation treated with a 3-20-12
fertilizer utilized 39 pounds of nitro
gen, 14 pounds of phosphorus and 36
pounds of potash per acre. When
lime was added, the utilization in
creased to 57, 19 and 38 pounds,
respectively. The same crops used
up only 18 pounds of nitrogen, six
pounds of phosphorus and 15 pounds
of potash when grown on an unfer
tilized plot.
Agriculture
in
Industry
By FLORENCE C. WEED
Pecans
Nuts usually are thought of as de
licious additions to pastry, candy
and ice cream, but the Georgia
school of technology views the pecan
as raw material for industry.
Charcoal has 'been produced from
the pecan hulls. When pulverized,
it has as great power in decoloriz
ing dyes as do other vegetable char
coals now being used industrially.
Oil has been obtained from pecan
meats which has a pleasant bland
taste and odor. It becomes trans
parent when refined by the same
process used for cotton seed oil. The
oil can be used as salad oil or as a
substitute for fats in baking. It
has been used experimentally as a
basis for cold cream which com
pares well with the finest commer
cial grades.
Ground nut shells may also
have possibilities as abrasives or
as a dusting agent for cleaning
certain kinds of furs. They may
also be useful for combining
with dusting powders to kill in
sects.
Pecans are native to the southern
states where the output is annually
20,000 to 50,000 tons. Improved va
rieties have been developed by se
lection and propagated by budding,
but more than 50 per cent of the
amount marketed are wild and seed
ling pecans which are native to the
warm climate. Texas produces the
greatest crop followed by Oklahoma,
Georgia, Mississippi, Alabama and
Arkansas.
Crop Protectors
Manufacturers of materials used
to combat plant diseases and insects
claim there will be adequate sup
plies of most insecticides and fungi
cides to protect field and fruit crops
in 1943. They also say that there is
a better supply of containers than
last year, but dealers and farmers
are asked to return to factories all
usable empty containers.
A substantial increase in produc
tion of calcium arsenate has been
requested by the government
