Image provided by: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries, Lincoln, NE
About The frontier. (O'Neill City, Holt County, Neb.) 1880-1965 | View Entire Issue (May 6, 1943)
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Final Battle in Campaign for Tunisia Marked by Fierce Enemy Resistance; Allies Strive to Reunite Reds, Poles; Labor Front Studies Coal Mine Issues (EDITOR'S NOTE: When •pinions sre expressed In these columns, they are those of Western Newspaper Union's news analysts and not necessarily sf this newspaper.) ■ Released by Western Newspaper Union. _________ Wearing the uniform of a division general of the French army. Gover nor Jean Rapenne of French Guiana poses on the portico of the gover nor’s mansion tn Cayenne with two members of the U. 8. military mission. At left is Lieut. Com. J. Marvin Krause. Right: Col. Paul L. Singer. Governor Rapenne assumed political leadership following the ouster of the pro-Axis regime of former Governor Rene Veber. TUNISIA: Slow but Sure Meeting fierce fire, Allied troop* fought methodically to the ap proaches of the Axis’ final two bas tions in Tunisia, Tunis and Bizerte. While French and American forces pressed against rocky Axis en trenchments in the north, and Brit ish units contained the enemy in the mountains in the south, the Allied First army’s armored columns fought German tanks in the plains in the central sector. Driving the Axis from Long Stop kill, the First army cleared the road jeading to the Tunis plain to the east A little to the south. First army formations shot it out with German tanks in flat country, then swung off toward the Axis’ vital cen tral sector base of Pont du Fahs, which was rapidly encircled. Resisting bitterly, the Axis was giving up territory by the foot only, relying on mortar and machine gun fire to stop Allied infantry advancing under cover of massed artillery bar rage. Using freighters and motor barges, the Axis continued to run the gantlet of scathing Allied bomb ers in the Sicilian straits in an ef fort to keep their embattled troops supplied. Helmet Saves General Only a helmet saved the life of Lieut. Gen. Lesley J. McNair, leader of American ground forces, as shell fragmentation struck him down while on observation on the Tunisian front during the bitter fighting Al though fragmentation glanced off the helmet, particles ripped into the gen eral's shoulder, injuring him painful ly. Lieut. Gen. Ben Lear has as sumed his position pending his re covery. RUSSIA: Break With Poles Charging that the Polish govern ment in exile was using Nazi propa ganda in order to force territorial concessions from the Russians, the Reds formally broke diplomatic re lations with the Poles. In consulta tion with the United States. British Foreign Minister Anthony Eden im mediately got to work patching up the rupture. Immediate cause of the break was centered around the Nazi charge that they had uncovered the graves of 10.000 Polish army officers near Smolensk, allegedly murdered by the Reds before they were driven from the area. The Poles asked the International Red Cross to investi gate the charge. Polish officials said that they have been unable to lo cate the officers despite a general amnesty granted Polish prisoners of war by the Russian government. At the same time there were in dications of another diplomatic break, this one between the United States and Finland. Withdrawal of American embassy officials from Helsingfors reputedly followed Fin land’s declination of a U. S. offer to mediate her war with Russia. Catch Breath Russian troops held against Nazi attacks in the Leningrad area and Red airmen continued to pepper German supply lines along the whole front Minor action was reported above Kursk, where the Reds are wedged Into Nazi lines, and at Novorossisk, the Germans’ big base on the Black sea shore in the Cau casus. POISON GAS: Nazis Prepare For the last two months, the Ger man people have been drilled against poison gas attacks. This Information reached Allied sources in the wake of Great Brit ain's warning that she would use poison gas against Germany should the Nazis start such warfare in Russia According to reports, fire fighting squadrons in Germany were in structed on the effects of gas. SOFT COAL: Labor Showdown John L. Lewis forced a showdown on the government’s war labor poli cies. Backed up by approximately 450, 000 members of the United Mine Workers, Big John demanded a $2 a day raise; an $8 minimum wage for all employees, and portal-to-por tal pay, or, pay from the time a worker enters a mine to the time he leaves. At stake was the President’s "hold the-line’’ order, based on the WLB’s policy of granting a 15 per cent wage increase over January, 1941, rates. Lewis has opposed this for mula from the beginning. Although the UMW was committed to continue working until the end of last month many mines reported stoppages and slowdowns during the week preceding the deadline. UMW did not authorize the disruptions, but neither did officials order the work ers to return to their jobs. PRODUCTION: Ships and Pianos Stating that American shipyards could produce 20 million tons of ship ping a year, Rear Admiral Emory S. Land, chairman of the U. S. Mari time Commission, has revealed that yards are constructing five vessels a day. Land's announcement coincided with one made by Undersecretary of War Robert Patterson, in which he told the Atlanta War Effort com mittee that American aircraft manu facturers turned out 6,200 airplanes in March. Like Land, Patterson de clared that many more planes could be produced if critical materials and men were available. Deriding Nazi claims that they have sunk 30 million tons of Allied shipping since the start of the war, Land said our shipyards will pro duce almost 19 million tons this year. This will be greater than the rest of the world combined. Patterson revealed that production of major items in the army supply program exclusive of aircraft will approximate $1,600,000,000 in April. This will be about 15 per cent great er than the January total. ALEUTIANS: No Picnic Swirling mists and rains continued to hold up American bombings in the Aleutians. Although prepared to dump 50 tons of explosives on each trip over Attu and Kiska, weather has held U. S fliers to a mere hand ful of raids. Meanwhile, pilots report the Japs have succeeded in heavily fortifying the Aleutians. On recent flights over the islands, they have encountered strong anti-aircraft bursts, and air men believe the Japs have deliber ately withheld some of their Are. Both Attu and Kiska have few suit able beaches upon which American troops could land, most of the shore line being steep and craggy. The Japs have these few beaches thick ly covered and aptly manned, re membering the Yanks' successful surprise landings at Guadalcanal. Eight months ago. the army said the Japs probably had 10.000 men stationed in the Aleutians. Airmen believe that these troops have since been strongly reinforced Summed up: American observers believe the battle of the Aleutians will be a big one. and no picnic. RAF: Bomba Rip Duialterp, Seventeen bombers failed to re turn following the RAF’s heavy raid on the important German industrial center of Duisberg. Over 1,000 tons of explosives were dumped on Duisberg. famous for its engine works, as the RAF returned to the wars after bombing Stettin. Rostock and Berlin. Meanwhile, RAF bombers contin | ued to attack Naii communications I centers. RATIONING: More Tires, More Gas Because of the increased quota of tires for civilians, OPA has amended its gas rationing regulations outside of the 17 eastern seaboard states and the District of Columbia. Following Rubber Administrator William Jeffers' announcement that more Grade A tires would be avail able for essential use, the OPA boosted the maximum allotment of gas for occupational driving from 470 to 720 gallons per month. The figure is based on an average of 15 miles per gallon of gas. Formerly, only doctors, ministers and some classes of salesmen re ceived the cherished “C” card allow ing 720 miles for occupational driv ing. Average allotments on “B” cards approximated 470 miles. Now “C” cards will be available on ap plication, showing all traveling will be done on jobs, or the car is being used to transport three or more persons to war industry. The OPA also ruled that rationing certificates for replacing tires on farm tractors may be issued by lo cal boards in areas where recapping facilities are inadequate. SHIPPING: Allied Losses The Allies suffered a net loss of one million tons of merchant ship ping in 1942, the navy department reported. The "net” figure was arrived at after deducting losses from exist ing fleets and new construction dur ing the year. The navy declared, however, that figures were incom plete, since building records were not received from some of the Al lied nations. In announcing the losses, the navy pointed out that they included sub marine sinkings, mines, airplanes, capture and otherwise. According -o Secretary of the Navy Frank Knox, submarines accounted for 50 per cent of the losses. The navy’s statement followed a report by the Truman defense in vestigating committee that 12 mil lion tons of Allied merchant ship ping had been sunk during the year. CHINA: Fifiht in Mountains Forty thousand Japanese assault ed the Chinese army’s positions in the mountain range flanking the Pieping-Hankow railroad. Both sides suffered heavy losses as the Chinese resisted fiercely in the passes and on the heights. The Chinese also reported throw ing back two Japanese attempts to land along the China sea coast. The first attempt found troops trying to reach the beach under cover of a lone warship's fire. But when Chi nese cannon forced a withdrawal, the Japs returned the next day with four warships. Again heavy fire frus trated a landing. Meanwhile, American airmen were active over China, combatting Jap anese fighter planes from an ad vanced Allied base in Hunan prov ince. NEW HORIZON: ‘Old Capitalism Dead’ “The capitalism of complete lais sez-faire which thrived on low wages and maximum profits for minimum turnover, which rejected collective bargaining and fought against jus tified public regulation of the com petitive process is a thing of the past.” No words of a soap-box orator these, but rather the keynote of an address made by Eric A. Johnston, president of the Chamber of Com merce of the United States, at the Initial session of the chamber’s 31st annual meeting. Continuing, Johnston said: “Polit ical and economic freedom are inte grated, and that what impairs one also hampers the other in like meas ure. The horizons of opportunity being opened up are larger than ever before." SHELTER IN TUNISI A Protected from the burning sun by a solar helmet commandeered from an Axis prisoner, this American cor poral relaxes In his foxhole in cen tral Tunisia. His dog keeps him from getting too lonely. FUEL OIL: American Liberators bombed the huge Thilawa oil refin ery south of Rangoon, scoring hits on the distillation and storage instal lations. DRAFT FATHERS: Secretar> of War Henry Stimson said drafting of fathers was necessary if the army was to take advantage of the op portunities offered for speedily end ing the war. Nation's Railroads Move | | Special Surveys Decrease Cross Hauling; Developments Abroad May Force Unexpected Shifting of Troops. By BAUKHAGE News Analyst and Commentator. WNU Service, Union Trust Building Washington, D. C. Recently I had to make seven con secutive week-end trips between Washington and New York—1 left Washington after a late Friday broadcast and had to return Monday for one at noon. Not once was I able to get reservations for the re turn trip until at the last minute when some unused space was turned In. If I groused a little too loudly over this, it may have been because I didn’t know then what I learned officially only the other day; name ly, that "if the war department in sisted in having all the Pullman equipment it could use, all the Pull man cars of the country would be carrying troops." In other words, if Johnny Dough boy didn’t step aside occasionally, we'd all use coaches or walk. Compromise The present arrangement is said to be a compromise in recognition of essential civilian needs. At pres ent, a million and three-quarter sol diers are being moved a month— that is 50,000 a day—in America’s trains in official troop movements. This does not include the many men on leave. There are, of course, movements of whole divisions with full equip ment but these are the exceptions. As you have probably noticed if you travel very much, there are usu ally a few cars containing troops attached to your passenger train. This is the way most of the troops are transported—in small groups of 250 or less. However, that is a considerable addition to the regular passenger traffic. It’s said a soldier eats twice as much as he did in civilian life and that is one reason why food has to be rationed to civilians. But he travels a lot more in proportion to his normal civilian peregrinations. Many a man saw his first big city when he reached IJondton or Cairo or New Delhi. I know a pilot who dropped in at the airport here re cently and had several hours wait over. When he was asked why he didn’t cross the bridge and look the capital over, he said he'd never been in a big city and didn’t want to get lost. The next thing heard from this particular was that he was in Calcutta. Average Number In the last war, the average num ber of moves made by a soldier were three. Here is a list of typical moves he makes in this war, drawn up by the Office of War Information: 1. To the induction center 2. To reception center 3. To replacement training cen ter 4. To his particular branch of service 5. To big maneuvers 6. Return 7. To special training areas 8. To port of embarkation Special studies are made to cut down unnecessary cross-hauling but sudden developments abroad may force soldiers who are located near one port to be shifted to another far away. Or a special need for partic ularized training may arise and that may force men to be doubled back to desert or mountain for the spe cialized practice in snow or under a hot sun that new requirements make necessary. Maneuvers in the southeast and southwest, including the desert training areas of California, have sometimes required the moving in of as many as 300,000 men within a few weeks, equipment and all. Nat urally, that disrupted a large part of passenger traffic for several weeks at a time Unessential Travel Efforts are being made to cut down extra passenger travel by dis couraging conventions, trade shows, big sports contests and other gath erings. One exception has been made, and that is the lecturer Even the President saw fit to come out with a statement encouraging the continuation of the work of lecture bureaus He expressed himself to Lowell Thomas, who traveled to Washington, on that subject- the plea for a good word for the speak er. Thomas represented many peo ple who do considerable public speaking. I know how difficult it is. I, myself, have been unable to ac cept lecture dates because it is so difficult to be certain of connections and a broadcaster has to move with the regularity of a train schedule —a train schedule in peace time— the microphone waits for no man. There have been rumors of late that transportation was snagged; that because of the U-boats, sup plies were piling up on the docks and loaded freight cars were jam ming the yards and causing con gestion. But the Office of War In formation says that latest advices indicate that congestion is being lessened. In fact, the official word is: “The battle of transportation . . . at a crisis at Pearl Harbor time ... is now being won.” Nearing Limit I hope that this statement isn’t over-optimistic. As a matter of fact, the reservation is noted that ‘‘the victories are not necessarily perma* nent. Our transportation equipment, with few exceptions, is being used close to its limits”—and there re main two situations which are not satisfactory, one is movement of oil and the other is the problem of getting the war workers to and from work. The latter difficulty is responsible, according to some investigators, for much of the recently decried ab senteeism. To get an idea of what the traffic has to bear in a city where war in dustries are concentrated, there has been an increase of use of the De troit street railway systems of 76.9 per cent. The Baltimore transit line is up 90 per cent and the Washing ton, 131 per cent. I know what these figures mean as does anyone who has to make his way to and from work in the capital. I have also seen that fabulous city of San Diego, once a pleasant, sleepy town which seemed to move lazily with the peli cans that flew over the bay or the whispering palms. The pelicans have been replaced by planes and it’s a 24-hour town, with a 336 per cent increase in the use of its busses and trolley cars. Diary of a Broadcaster Today I made it from bedside to desk in one hour and 18 minutes, including the time to make my own breakfast of coffee, poached eggs, grapefruit and zwieback (my wife is away) also to traverse on foot some 13 Washington blocks. I think that this record is not bad consider ing the variety of activities included. I managed to hear the early flve minute newscast and scanned the headlines which told me whether the news wind was blowing in the same direction this morning that it was last night when the newspapers went to bed—in other words, was I to plow fresh fields or harvest what I could from the old ones. I also removed the blanket that shields our three parakeets from northern drafts and waited for the welcoming chirrup that one, the least snobbish of the three, conde- I scends to give me before 1 leave 1 the room. As soon as I do, they all burst into song. Walking to work in Washington these days is like reviewing the armies of the United Nations for one can spot almost any uniform between Dupont Circle and Pennsyl vania avenue. But it seems that the WAVES are in the preponder ance. The WAACs are smart but the navy has a uniform that is a little bit less drab than the olive. It is surprising how an elderly matron turns out in that navy blue and-gold as smart as a midshipman. Washington's springtime, one of its two beautiful seasons, is here in ] April—gone in May. First, the for- ' sythia burns with its yellow flame; then the magnolias blush and fade, and the dogwoods raise their sweet j ghostliness among their darker sis ters; then the cherry blossoms come —and there are many of them scat tered over the city as well as the better advertised ones along the la goon. Soon they are followed by leaves on the oaks and the elms and the maples. Then backyards are brilliant with the rambler roses and you know that spring is done. BRIEFS by Baukhage Kour Series E War Savings bonds, costing a total of $300. will supply the navy with a balsa wood life float, capable of sustaining 60 per sons • • • Nazi girls are being mobilized by the German ministry of propaganda to serve as “front line” saleswomen of Nazi books and pamphlets in oc cupied territories. Twenty tons of food are carried on every Liberty ship—enough to last the crew of 63 for a six-month voyage. • • • “Honor thy father and thy moth er, but above all, the Fuehrer." This is the Nazi version of the Fourth Commandment, as the chil dren in Norway’s Nazi-supervised schools bear it More Eggs Per Hen, More Milk Per Cow, More Corn Per Acre Agricultural Science Now Fully Mobilized Science hitched to the plow is one of the main reasons for America’s astonishing food productivity. Day by day the department of agricul ture, in co-operation with state col leges of agriculture and experiment stations, is carrying the results of research into practical application on the nation’s six million farms. A task force, made up of some 9,000 county agents, home demon stration agents, 4-H club leaders and specialists takes the findings of sci ence to the farmer. Practically ev ery one of the country’s 3,000 agri cultural counties is served by a county agent of the agricultural ex tension service. Food, food and still more food. That sums up the Food for Free dom program in 1943 : 8 per cent more eggs, over 25 billion pounds of meat, 122 billion pounds of milk. No technique making for more ef ficient farming, or scientific fact that Lawrence Boyd, a Lafayette, lnd., farmer, devotes considerable of his acreage to corn. He is shown here planting it. will help increase the total food sup ply, is being overlooked. Even such a simple practice as giving a cow drinking water with the chill taken off of it on a cold winter’s day can help boost milk production. The practice of milking three times a day instead of two, if generally fol lowed and combined with feeding three times a day, for only a 90-day period, would increase production sufficiently to meet 1943 goals. In a recent feeding test with cows that had production records of around 9,300 pounds of milk a year, in creases in the milk output as high as 23 per cent resulted from feeding more grain. Systematic Tool Storage Very Important on Farm W. C. Krueger, extension agricul tural engineer at Rutgers univer sity, believes that every farm should have a work space or room espe cially reserved for repairing and constructing farm equipment. At least a corner in some building should be set aside for the systematic storage of tools, repair parts and supplies. “The storage of new machinery, in creased use of labor-saving devices to offset the scarcity of farm help and the inability of local service men and dealers to take care of all reconditioning and repaii work makes it highly desirable for every farm to be as self-sufficient as pos sible in this respect,” the engineer says. There are enough tools on most farms to do the ordinary repair jobs provided all of the tools are system atically collected, put into good shape, arranged, stored, and handy to use, Krueger points out. A nec essary item is a solid topped work bench 2 to 1xk feet wide and be tween 5 and 10 feet long fitted with a four-inch or larger machinist vise and a wood vise or clamp. The wall space above the bench is ideal for hanging tools. For a well-equipped shop these should in clude twist drills; auger bits; as sorted sizes of machine, drift and center punches; a carpenter’s ham mer and both a light and heavy ball-peen hammer; an assortment of wood chisels; wrecking and crow bars; an eight to 12-pound sledge; anvil or heavy rail section for forging and straightening; a set of adjustable socket and pipe wrenches; a size range of screw drivers, pliers, plier cutters and pincers; an elec tric soldering iron or pair of solder ing bits; a good grinder, preferably motor driven: flat, triangle and round files of assorted sizes, togeth er with oil and emery stones. Block and tackle for hoists, jacks and pipe rollers will also be found handy. I Recapping Available Owners of passenger cars and commercial vehicles using tires smaller than 7.50 by 20 will now be able to get casings recapped with reclaimed rubber camel back with out applying to local war price and rationing boards for certificates However, recapping of commercial vehicle tires with truck-type camel back, which contains a large propor tion of crude rubber, continues sub ject to present rationing restric tions. oUr ^ tJ ERE’S a jaunty salute to * spring in suit accessories with a military air! Both the becoming visor hat and the over-the-shoul der purse are of inexpensive cot ton, done quickly in single crochet and popcorn stitches. Trim the hat with a gay ribbon. * • • Pattern 545 contains directions for hat and purse; illustration of stitches; ma terials required. Due to an unusually large demand and current war conditions, slightly more time is required in filling orders for a few oi the most popular pattern numbers. Send your order to; Sewing Circle Ncedlecraft Dept. 82 Eighth Ave. New York Enclose 15 cents (plus one cent to cover cost of mailing) for Pattern No. Name. Address . CLASSIFIED DEPARTMENT OILS AND GREASES Save on oils and greases—buy direct. Tex aco, Havoline & Dutch Mill Oils. Send your list Sc containers with any trucker or write for prices. 24 hour service for trucks. Dutch Mill Oil Co., 65th &. L, Omaha, Neb. FOR SALE Purebred Poland China fall boar rugged fel lows. Immuned. Guernsey bull calves 8 to 10 mos. old. WHIe & Inselman, Columbus, Nebr. GUERNSEY HEIFERS HIGH GRADE GUERNSEY HEIFERS, under one year and yearlings past. Also springer heifers. Special price on four. FRED CHANDLER. CHARITON. IOWA. MISCELLANEOUS *2.00 FOR A GOOD COW. For over 20 years farmers have used Sperry's Lump Jaw Remedy for lump cowa. No cutting— one application. $2.00 at drug stores. If unable to obtain send to J. SPERRY CO.. Bioax Falls, Sooth Dakota. LAND FOR SALE M. A. Larson, “The Land Man" at Central City, has sold Nebr. since 1912. To sell or buy land—write your wants without delay. CREMATION ^YOU WOMEN WHO SUFFER FRONU HOT FLASHES If you suffer from hot flashes, dizzi ness. distress of “Irregularities'’, are weak, nervous, Irritable, blue at times—due to the functional “middle-age" period In a woman’s life—try Lydia E Plnkham's Vege table Compound—the best-known medicine you can buy today that's made especially /or women. Plnkham's Compound has helped thousands upon thousands of wom en to relieve such annoying symp toms. Follow label directions. Plnk ham's Compound Is worth trying/ WNU—U 18-43
