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About The frontier. (O'Neill City, Holt County, Neb.) 1880-1965 | View Entire Issue (April 29, 1943)
WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Rommel’s Southern Front Stronghold Captured in British Eighth Army Drive; FDR, Camacho Join in ‘Neighbor’ Plea; American Fliers Pound Japs in Pacific (EDITOR'S NOTE: When opinion* are expressed In these columns, they are those of Western Newspaper Union's news analysts and not necessarily of this newspaper.) ■ Released by Western Newspaper Union. _ Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower, U. 8. A., head of the Allied forces in Africa, takes the salute of a sentry as he inspects front lines in Tunisia. Lieut. Gen. George 8. Patton Jr., commander of American ground forces driving through Tunisia, follows him. The colonel commanding the unit being inspected returns the sentry’s salute. TUNISIA: Nazis Run Gauntlet Axis efforts to reinforce their em battled armies in Tunisia met strong Allied resistance as Gen. Bernard Montgomery’s 8th army opened a successful assault on the Enfidaville passes on the southern front. En fidaville. Rommel’s coastal anchor, fell after furious fighting. While British naval units charged an Italian convoy in the narrow channel separating Sicily from Tu nisia, American and British fighter planes fell upon huge German Junk ers transports and cargo planes crossing the straits. While British Spitfires held off Axis fighter escorts, American War hawks (P-40) dived to attack the giant Junkers, flying almost at wa ter level. Fifty-eight of the Junkers and 16 of the fighters were claimed shot down. That brought to 142 the num ber of Axis aircraft destroyed in a three-day period. Gen. Montgomery’s hardened in fantry stormed initial Axis positions in the mountains after artillery had laid down a heavy barrage. FARM MEASURE: House Economy In one of Its sharpest economy moves to date, the house passed by a voice vote and sent to the senate an agriculture department appropri ation bill allotting $719,099,622 for the fiscal year 1944 but abolishing the Farm Security administration and banning incentive payments to farm ers In its budget request the depart ment had asked for $947,134,491. The measure lopped $240,093,647 off the original request. The revised total was reached by adding $20,000. 000 for the Rural Electrification ad ministration and striking $12,000,000 sought by the FSA for rural re habilitation loans In its final form the house bill abol ishes the FSA, abolishes the federal crop insurance program for wheat 8nd cotton, stipulates that none of the funds may be used for incentive payments to farmers producing war crops, sets aside $300,000,000 for the AAA conservation program, prohib its payment of more than $500 to any one person for soil conservation purposes, prevents restoration of the Regional Credit Agricultural corpo ration and allots $20,000,000 for REA. Belief was expressed in some quarters that the senate committee would reinstate the FSA to prevent it from being snuffed out. RUSSIA: Scramble for Ease Portending possible large scale action in the Caucasus, German troops continued their pressure in the Novorossisk region. While the Russians claimed to have beaten back Nazi efforts to pre vent their forces from tightening their vise around Novorossisk. the Germans said the luftwaffe pounded Red positions and supply bases on the Black sea coast. Novorossisk stands as the Ger mans' lone important base in the Caucasus. Situated across from the Crimea, it was the only major posi tion retained by the Nazis during their retreat this winter It is a ivlatively short distance to Novoros sisk from the Russian mainland con necting with the Crimea GOOD NEIGHBORS: Visit in Monterrey “We have, all of us. recognized the privilege of interdependence— one upon another."—Frank tin l). Roosevelt. “Good neighbors. Good friends. That is what we have always wished to be for all the peoples of the earth."—Manuel Avila Camacho. With those words, spoken on Mex ican soil, the President of the Unit ed States and the president of Mex ico reaffirmed the unity of the Americas and offered the good neighbor policy as a model for the world, once the "machinery of bar barism constructed by the dictators is completely destroyed " President Roosevelt arrived in Monterrey, site of the historic meet ing, following an extensive tour of inspection through war centers in the southern part of the United States. He was high in praise of the troops, which he compared with those he had seen on his trip last September He told the press he had found morale very, very high and declared the men looked ex tremely (it. PACIFIC: Action at Roth Finds Giving the Japs no rest. American fliers pounded enemy air fields and shipping at both ends of the Pacific, Flying Fortresses, Liberators and Avengers struck at the Jap air base of Kahili in the Solomons, starting big fires and pocking the runways with bomb craters. Other units at tacked Munda farther to the west, also causing damage. While the air fields were being raided. Avenger torpedo planes sailed into a cluster of Jap ships bearing reinforcements for enemy troops in the Shortland island area of the Solomons. Five hits were scored on a 10,000-ton vessel, which was left sinking, and two other ships were battered by hits and near misses (bombs exploding alongside the target! In the Aleutians to the north, bombers and fighter planes swooped down on Attu und Kiska Results were unobserved at Attu, but hun gars and camps were blown up and grounded planes strafed at Kiska. WAR MANPOWER: 27 Million Frozen If you’re an employee in an essen tial industry, you're as good as fro zen for the duration. That Is the substance of the War Manpower commission's orders for bidding employees in essential in dustry from changing jobs except under especial conditions. Under the WMC's order, a work er must be Irregularly employed or not employed to his best ability in an essential industry before he can shift jobs In regions in which the WMC has decreed no labor short age exists, employees in essential industry can take higher paying jobs if the moves are approved by the WMC. The WMC order does not affect employees in non-essential industry, who are free to switch positions In all. some 27 million workers ate af fected by the WMC ruling. Invoking provisions of the Eco nomic Stabilization act, the WMC established a fine of $1,000 and a year's imprisonment for violation 1 of the, order HIGHLIGHTS . . . in the week't newt LEND-LEASE: Lend-lease ship ments to North Africa during the first four months of Allied occupation reached $26,250,000. Shipments in cluded flour, sugar, clothing, seed. HONEST STEEL: In a special report, the Truman war investigat ing committee called upon steel pro ducers to overhaul their inspection systems so as to assure the govern ment of the highest grades. FOUR FREEDOMS: Speaking in Guayaquil, Ecuador, Henry Wallace said that unless the four freedoms were instituted after the war, democracy will have failed. PRAYERS: Prayers for peace were asked as the Vatican inaugu rated weekly broadcasts to Russia The broadcast told the people not to give up hope for a peace despite the continuance of the war. FOOD SUPPLY: Another Pull on Pelt Following a statement of the Of fice of War Information that there would be a reduction of 6 per cent In the food supply for this year, the department of agriculture revised its previous production estimates downward. The department said there would be about 12 pounds less meat, a pound less poultry and fish, 214 pounds less lard, margarine and cooking compounds, and about 1014 pounds less citrus fruits per person than anticipated earlier. Fraction al increases were reported for canned fruits, potatoes and rice. Despite the cut, the department said that the food supply per capita would equal the 1935-’39 total, but that rationing would spread the amount more equitably. The de partment also revealed that food production in 1943 will be 3 per cent above last year, if favorable weath er prevails, and 31 per cent above the 1935-’39 average. Of the total supply of food avail able this year, however, the army, lend-lease and world relief will ob tain 25 per cent. Army require ments are based on a force of 8,200, 000 men, who eat twice as much as civilians. In its report, the OWI declared that food shortages will bring "in conveniences’’ and "exasperations” to consumers, but will not affect their life or health. TOKYO: Stung From Hornet Equipped with a 20-cent bomb sight, 16 North American B-25 me dium bombers used the flight deck of the aircraft carrier Hornet to take off for the historic raid on Tokyo. The Hornet was 800 miles from Tokyo when the B-25s rose in the air and headed for the Japanese coast line. As they approached, the airmen flew in at low level to avoid detection, and then raised their planes to 1,500 feet as they plastered factories, railways and refineries in Tokyo, Nagoya, Osaka and Kobe. The original plan was to alight at certain points in unoccupied China, but storms arose, exhausting the planes’ ebbing fuel supplies Of the 16 craft, 15 made crash landings or were lost as their crews bailed out. Major General Doolittle, who led the raid, was among those who para chuted to safety. Of the 80 pilots, eight fell into Jap hands. One was killed and two are still missing. Sixty-four survived, many of them landing in occupied China, but working their way to the unoccupied zone with the help of friendly natives. Weak fighter opposition was en countered and anti-aircraft fire was inaccurate as the Japs were caught completely by surprise. GOEBBELS: /Vo End of Sufferings “The war is in its fourth year and has reached its hardest stage so far, and the end or a way out of its burdens and sufferings is at present nowhere in sight.” Thus spoke Nazi Propaganda Min ister Joseph Goebbels on the eve of Adolf Hitler’s 54th birthday Goeb bels said the fuehrer would spend the day at field headquarters. While Goebbels spoke. Marshal Herman Goering issued an order of the day to the German army, stress ing the same foreboding note. Said he: ". . We will follow the glorious German flag in accordance with our oaths as brave soldiers—in any hours and in any fight on land and sea in any area with the great est readiness to sacrifice." Eulogizing Hitler as the “libera tor of the fatherland,” Goering also called him the “savior of western civilization from the Bolshevik men ace.” SUBMARINES: Planes vs. W olves Allied airplanes have joined in the battle of the Atlantic. Manning American Flying For tresses and Liberators and British Sunderlands, Allied airmen are ranging far into the North Atlantic to strike against packs of Nazi U-bo«ts, attacking the east-bound convoys Attached to the British coastal command, these long range heavy bombers are meeting the harassed convoys on the last leg of their journey They are dumping thou sands of depth charges on the wolf packs they can spot from aloP In recent action, the bombers de livered 19 attacks In four days Seek ing to avoid the concussion of the depth charges, U-boats climbed to the surface and then engaged the airplanes with anti-aircraft Are from their decks The British air min istry claimed no kills, but said there was evidence of at least five sub miftnes destroyed The Allied planes were manner by British, Canadian, Rhodesian. Australian. New Zealand and Bel gian aviators. FOOD CONFERENCE: U. S. Has No Scheme Representatives of United Nations will crowd Hot Springs. Va . May 18, for the Allied food conference spon sored by the United States According to Sen. Alben Barkley the conference will be ch.cfL ex ploratory. with the various del* gales specifying the needs of conquei ed peoples, the means required to re store production in occupied coun tries and the mutual distribution of foodstuffs. Terrible Hatreds Kindled By 'Blood Revenge' Spirit Rumors From Embattled Nations Hint of Plans for Organized Extermination Of Enemy Peoples. By BAUKHAGE News Analyst and Commentator. WNU Service, Union Trust Building, Washington, D. C. It was a soft, Washington spring afternoon. The late shifts of gov ernment workers were hurrying home. The two guardian magnolias that stand on the White House lawn were tipped with the rays of the setting sun. My thoughts were nei ther on this blissful scene nor on the latest news of the battlefront which I had just finished broadcast ing. Frankly, I was concerned chief ly with dinner. The announcer was just finishing the ‘'commercial” and I was picking my hat up from the sofa in the studio when I saw the engineer beck oning to me from behind the glass wall of his goldfish bowl. He held up a paper on which was printed ‘‘Stop in News Room—Important!” I did. The atmosphere was tense as it is frequently these days. A notice had just appeared on the news ticker to the effect that the White House was about to release an im portant statement. It is possible, but not probable, that the thing we were all thinking that statement was going to an nounce but didn't, will happen be fore these lines reach print—the in vasion of Europe. Until it does, we shall continue to expect it and while the busy home front keeps our nose pretty well to the grindstone, one hint from overseas and an atmos phere of suspense envelops the Capitol. Secrecy’s Curtain Meanwhile, there is the feeling that tremendous things are happen ing under a heavy curtain of secrecy in Europe even the hint of which does not reach the press or the pub lic. Russia, of course, is a mystery. What is happening there? Is the remarkable Red army, which in the past has seemed to be able to draw endless men and supplies from no where after each crushing defeat, finally exhausted? Spring came ear ly to the steppes this year and the Germans, if they are able, will launch their annual summer offen sive a month earlier. They hope to be able to break the Red army this time and then hold back the rem nants with a sparsely manned but intricate line of defense while they turn their attention to the Allies in the West. No one knows what the strength of Russia is today. One does know that a terrible hate has been enkin dled in the whole race against the Germans and it is reported that the Red army has threatened that if Soviet forces ever do reach German soil, they will leave no human being living. One story has been spread through Switzerland that if an Al lies’ army is on the continent when Russia breaks Germany's eastern frontiers—-if she does—that the Ger mans will open their western front to the Allies and let them in rather than expose themselves to the Rus sians. Plan for Prisoners Another report has seeped out of Russia. It is continuously repeated that simply because of the incon venience of caring for prisoners, both the Germans and Russians have been shooting men who are captured J or who surrender. On the other ! hand, the Russians are said to be carefully preserving some of the men they take. Russian propagan da, dropped over the German lines, is very alluring. Some of the pam phlets instruct the German soldiers to surrender and bring with them the leaflet which acts as a passport. Then, according to a report which has come in from a neutral country, the prisoners are carefully exam ined and a small percentage weeded out for Soviet indoctrination. They go through a long course of instruc tion so careful that it is said finally only 10 per cent are accepted as satisfactory These elite are then trained to be used as the spearhead of a political invasion of Germany. Hatred, like that in Russia, has poisoned all Europe. There is a be lief now on the part of many of the conquered countries that the Ger mans, having given up hope of vic tory. intend to go forward with a systematic extermination of other i races within their reach, as they have in Poland and with the Jews, so that regardless of what happens, ! the Teutonic stock will dominate numerically when the war is over. To meet this, the other nations are talking about turning the tables and beginning organized mass murder of Germans everywhere the moment the Nazi armies lay down their arms. Only the other day, I talked with a widely traveled Russian newspa per man, who said frankly that he believed this was the proper course. How powerful this spirit of blood I revenge really is and whether it will be carried out, one can only guess. Another mystery of which there are only tiny hints is the power and scope of the underground move ments in the occupied countries and the extent to which Allied agents are now working hand-in-hand with the saboteurs in France and Belgium and particularly Holland. Hints leak out. Saboteurs A secret German report which reached Allied hands stated the fol lowing: “Sometime ago, English parachut ists landed near Prague. When they were held up by the local police, they obeyed the order, 'hands up.’ But they carried a special device on their belts with a pistol from which cords ran to their hands. The latter fired the pistol. Thus they succeeded by a quick and appro priate movement in accounting for the policemen.” Here is a part of another enemy report, revealing the activities be hind the lines. It came through Italian military channels: “During the attack on the Fuka Aerdrome (Africa) the enemy Allied troops put up distress signals. They succeeded in enticing the sentries away from their posts for a time and successfully carried out their sabotage.” Reports have come of British saboteurs gaining entrance to fac tories in the daytime, planting time bombs and leaving. A device has been perfected which can be car ried concealed in the hand—I have held one—attached by a clever means to a tank car or a locomo tive, it would blow it to pieces. That is only one of hundreds of ingenious gadgets which have been perfected for this strange work of secret de struction that is going on every where. Even more ingenious are the methods which the underground organizations in France and Italy are using to obtain arms and sup plies for the insurrection when the moment comes. Some day, “an important state- I ment from the White House” will come, heralding events many of which we have not even dreamed. • • + While the airplane factories turn out bombers and fighters, the air minded leaders continue to make their air plans for peace. The lat est scheme which has come to my attention is an announcement from the Northeast Airlines company which says this company has made I application for a helicopter service 1 to carry air mail and air express in New England. These little planes that can rise straight up and hover, can land on a parlor rug. They would, in this proposed service, land on the roofs of post office buildings—provided, I take it, that the buildings are not of the rococo vintage with peaked and pointed and turreted roofs. The service would carry first-class as well as air mail, according to the application filed with the Civil Aeronautics board. Four hundred points would be included The little “flying automobiles” would not only fly between towns and cities but would carry mail from urban centers to the large airports where the mail would be transferred to the air liners. • • • A national labor service act still hovers just beyond the horizon. The chief purpose of Manpower Commis sioner McNutt's intricate plans, in cluding shifts of men from non deferrable industry to war work is to build the machinery so that when the act is passed it can be put into ' effect at once. Now that the farm labor problem has been taken off McNutt's door- i step, and with the definite "back-to the-farm" trend, congress may ease up on McNutt and give him the money he needs to build his pre national service machinery. I - - BRIEFS ... by Baukhage Emperor Hirohito on the occasion of the Japanese diet adjournment | "granted Premier Tojo. in recogni tion of his services, one package of chrysanthemum crested cigarettes and one box of scents,’* the Tokyo radio told the Japanese people . . . | The Nazis and Italian Fascists and I the Japanese reler to their propa i ganda as "thought warfare.” In the recent battle between the White House and the press over ex cluding newspaper men from the ho- I tels where the United Nations Food conference delegates are to be housed. Elmer Davis. OW1 head, was strictly on the side of the press. • • • Some of our soldiers in American camps during the meat shortage learned to eat goat and like it LIGHT EXERCISE It is unfortunate that a couple of outstanding physicians should ad vise that exercise should not be tak en by those past 40 years of age. They were so op posed to exercise that they suggested that lifting the little finger unnecessarily might cause harm. Now these physi cians had but the one thought in mind and that was to dis courage those mid dle-aged individuals from taking exercise Dr. Barton who thought that “strenuous” exer cise was needed just as much, if not more, at middle age than for j those under 40. The advice was giv en to prevent strain on heart and blood vessels. These physicians are aware that in the treatment of the middle aged or elderly of average | health the last thing they would want them to do is to rest all the time, that is become bedridden. This is because the body needs to move it self to keep heart, blood vessels, lungs, appetite, digestion and bowel movement normal. To rest all the time would lower the health mental ly and physically. I have in mind particularly those who are overweight and among the methods of getting rid of excess fat ( are already taking exercise or have been planning to take some exer cise. As a matter of fact exercise is the “natural” way to reduce weight because it creates extra heat thus melting away the fat tissue which is inactive and developing muscle tissue which is active and heat creating when it is active. "Exercise improves the circula tion, sweeps away the stagnant waste materials which collect in the body, creates a sense of well-being which lasts for a long time after ward and burns fat.” The overweight individual because he is overweight does not like exer cise as every movement of his body means that he must do much more work than one of normal weight. But as he gradually removes the stored fat on his body and increases his muscular strength he gets a three fold benefit—(a) removes excess fat, (b) increases his muscular strength and (c) because of this increased muscular strength loses his dislike for exercise. The fact that exer cise is now easier to take, that he can feel himself becoming lighter and more “limber” makes exercise actually “inviting” to him. • • • Dried Foods Aid To Victory Effort One of the things learned during the war, which will mean health and happiness to many more thousands than before the war, is that water can be removed from food on one side of the ocean, the food shipped in a space many times smaller to the other side of the ocean, where by adding water to the amount pre viously removed makes the food as nourishing as when it was fresh. The London correspondent of the Journal of the American Medical Association states that research i work carried on at the Low Tern- j perature Research station, Cam bridge, in co-operation with other institutions in Britain, and in the United States and dominions, has j made possible the following bene- j ficial results. “It is estimated that removing the water from foods, while maintaining their food value, has saved shipping to the extent of 3,000,000 tons of wa- j ter annually. A quart of milk has a volume of 69 cubic inches and weighs 41 ounces. Condensed, it has a volume of 27 cubic inches and 1 weighs 163/4 ounces. Reduced to a powder, it has a volume of 15% ! cubic inches and weighs 5% ounces, j With the powder compressed into a j block the volume is reduced to about j 73m inches from 15%. The discovery \ that fresh milk can be reduced to , such a small space makes the rich 1 spring and summer milk available for use in the winter, when there is j less sunshine for cows and for hu- [ man beings. This is of consider- ! able importance. Great Britain will import 100,000 tons of dried eggs in 1943. If this amount of eggs were shipped in the usual way with water and shells it would weigh 500.000 tons and take six times the amount of shipping space. A similar saving is made by importation of dried meat Another advantage is that dried eggs and meat do not require refrigeration for transport or storing. * • • QUESTION BOX Q.—Are the internal organs of pork and beef considered safe for consumption? A.—The organs are a valuable food. Should be well cooked. Q —Would it be safe for a person subject to sharp, stabbing pains in the right side of the chest to drive a car? A.—While these symptoms point to a muscular pain, one visit to your doctor will show whether It is more serious. By VIRGINIA VALE Released by Western Newspaper Union. THE Hollywood telephone repairman was phoning his report. “Yeah, I fixed it; cord was chewed.” Pause. “Yeah, chewed. No, not a dog—a lion.” Pause. “Sure I said lion.” Pause. “Look, I haven’t had a drink all day, and I said a lion chewed it. I’m at Jinx Falkenburg’s house.” He grinned. "Yeah. I knew you’d understand.” The cub, a present to Jinx from her brother, Bob. has since then taken to sharpening his teeth on the piano legs. The Co lumbia star of "She Has What It Takes” says that’s perfectly all right, if he sticks to piano legs. -* Pola Negri, who years ago was one of the head glamour girls of the silent movies, is returning to the screen in the United Artists film, “Hi Diddle Diddle”; she’ll play an operatic star, the wife of Adolphe POLA NEGRI Menjou, a role from which Menjou’s real wife, Veree Teasdale, retired because of illness. Martha Scott has the leading role. Animated se quences by Leon Schlesinger, the film cartoon creator, will begin and end the picture. _ife_ ■t Nine-year-old John Donat, son of Robert Donat, makes his film debut in “This Land Is Mine,” starring Charles Laughton and Maureen O’Hara. John breezed through his lines, and between takes sat high on a stepladdcr, reading a comic strip magazine—stayed there until Direc tor Jean Renoir called him down from his perch to go to work again. -* David Niven returns to the screen after a two-year absence in “Spit fire,” the British-made Goldwyn pro duction which will be released by RKO Radio. A major in the British army, he was given leave to co-star with Leslie Howard in this picture. _t ~V' After testing Hollywood stars by the dozen King Vidor has selected an unknown for the important role of Brian Donlevy's wife in Metro’s “America." She's Ann Richards, who arrived here from Australia on the last boat to leave after the bomb ing of Pearl Harbor. t' Little Margaret O’Brien, who stole the honors in “Journey for Mar garet” and did the same thing when the “Screen Guild Players” did a dramatized version of it on the air, won Jack Benny’s heart when, ask ing him for an autograph, she said she’d seen him fall into a lake in a picture. “That was with Bob Hope,” said he. And Margaret replied “Bob Hope? Is he a comedian, too?” -* Red Skelton’s been having a swell time, working at Ebbets Field in Brooklyn on “Whistling in Brook lyn"; every member of the famous Dodgers, including Manager Duro cher, appears in t'.ie picture. Five hundred rabid Dodger fans sat in the bleachers for some sequences— and what’s more, got paid fur it! 1 The quickest way to become a star on your own program is to do a guest shot on Rudy Vallee’s Thurs day show. During the past year he's presented Groucho Marx, Billie Burke and Ransom Sherman, among others. Now Marx stars on his own Saturday night program, Sherman; recently launched a new series, and Billie Burke will have two air shows going during the summer. That new "Salute to Youth” pro gram has just about everything ra dio fans can want. There's William L. White, war correspondent; Ray mond Paige and an ail-youth orches tra; Nadine Conner, Metropolitan. Opera star; Berry Kroeger as nar rator, and a guest war worker. With most of the cast in their ’teens or early twenties, the program—on NBC Tuesdays—is a salute to youth, by youth. —* ODDS 4!SD ESDS-Lesley Woods. “Bright Horizon“ actress, lius said goodby to her dog, bouncer; he'* joined the army ns a buck /iruate . . . Fred Allen will return to motion pic tures this summer . . . They’ve found another road for Bing Crosby and bub Hope, “Rond to I to/iia," to be made this summer, hut probably without Dorothy Iawuhu . . . After five years, Phil buker uHl return to the motors in 20th Century-Fox’s "The Girls He Left Behind" . . . Giitny Simms, star of “Johnny Presents," has begun a tour of desert army camps uithin a day’s distance of Hollytvood: she offers a one woman show and pays all expenses.