The frontier. (O'Neill City, Holt County, Neb.) 1880-1965, March 25, 1943, Image 2
WEEKIY NIWS MlVIil_ See-Saw Offensives Rage on Red Front As Nazis Hurl New Divisions Into Drive; Battle Lines Drawn for Skip-Y ear lax; Aerial Action Paces Activity in Tunisia ;l niton P NOIl Who* opinion* pro ornronoorf In lltooo oolnmnp, llior pro thn.o of U.irm S>w«f*f»p» 1 Him • M»«t ***!»*«• fttti *»• «t IM» *f**MM> » tt'l'iiMxl by unlnn. With snow underfoot, these muffler-hound, ear-muffed members af the New York Giant pitching staff are going through their paces in one of the most unusual spring training seasons in baseball history. Their camp is located at Lakewood. N. J. Left to right: Cliff Melton. Van Mungo and Carl Hubbell. Southernmost of all major league training camps is that of the World Champion St. Louis Cardinals, at Cairo. III. GIVE AND TAKE: In Russia Kharkov had fallen once more to the Nasis and still they pushed east ward. This was the story from the Ukraine sector of the broad Russian front. In another important sector, further to the north, the Russians were having the better of it as their four-pronged offensive swept swift ly through the area around Smo lensk. This and the fighting around the anchor point of Orel were more im mediately important to the Russian cause than what happened at Khar kov. For Orel serves as the turning point between the southern and cen tral fronts. Hitler could ill afford to lose this base. While Russian sources admitted that Kharkov was important they also pointed out that a strong de fense line had been established be yond the city and further claimed that Hitler's troops found nothing but dead Germans on the city’s streets when they took it. Military experts reasoned that Hitler had thrust about 25 fresh divisions into his drive for that point. Moscow said that the reason Germany want ed the city was to atone for the great losses suffered by the Nazis at Stalingrad in midwinter. TUNISIA: Aerial Action Bad weather which has slowed ground activity in Tunisia has been no barrier to the growing Allied Air force. As a prelude to General Montgom ery's expected push against Marshal Rommel, Allied planes have been pounding the Mareth line An elab orate system of fortifications hewed into the mountains, this line stands between the bulk of the opposing armies. After a month of offensive opera tions against the American and Brit ish lines in central and north Tu nisia, Rommel has pulled in his wings. Although the Allies restored much of their original position, they have concentrated their effort on softening up the enemy from the air. Allied air operations have been particularly extensive over Sicily. American and British bombers have been pounding the great Axis base at Palermo. Prosinone and Pozzal lo were the latest Sicilian centers hit. MORE TIRES: On April 1 Liberalizing tire rationing for the second time. Price Administrator Prentiss Brown expressed the belief that all motorists would be able to keep their cars on the road as the result of the release of additional tires by Rubber Administrator Wil liam Jeffers. . Effective April 1. grade 2 tires will be available to drivers with gas oline mileage allowances exceeding 240 miles a month. This includes most B, C and T card holders. Mo torists eligible tor 560 or more miles will be allowed a limited number of grade 1 tires, the highest grade cas ing. However, all must be obtained with certificates issued by local ra tion boards. These changes do not affect A card holders, who are eligible for used or recapped casings. Most of the rationing formalities on re capped tires have been removed by Brown. SKIP-YEAR TAX: Hattie Lines Dratvn When House Democratic leaders decided to support a tax collection system, without abatement, as ap proved by the ways and means com mittee, their action presaged a pay as-you-go tax battle which may re verberate in the 1944 political cam paign. Party lines in the house were well defined, for the most part. Repub lican leaders were lined up for and Democrats against the Ruml plan to skip an entire income tax year. However, there was some cause for worry among opponents of the skip a-year proposal. In addition to the powerful Republican membership which had lined up for abatement, some Democrats indicated they would vote with the Republicans. THUNDER: Over Germany Since the RAF staged its first colossal 1.000 plane bombing of Cologne last spring. Nazi industrial and communications centers in both Germany and the occupied countries have been subjected to concentrated pounding from the air. Out of 500 bombers. 475 returned after the last shattering attack on Essen. Railroad lines and the big auto motive center of Rouen have been the principal targets in France. The extensive system of canals has been bombed in Holland and Belgium. And in Germany, the great naval base at Wilhelmshaven. the big port of Hamburg, the steel industries of the Ruhr, and the engine factories of Dusseldorf and Nuremberg have been steadily plastered. In flights into the interior, the RAF has been using giant Lancasters, Halifaxes and Stirlings, which carry the devastating block busters in their bomb racks. Wellingtons have headlined in the bombing and straf ing attacks on communications cen ters. The great raids, with hundreds of planes participating on a daily schedule, are believed to have caused considerable damage to com munications which the Nazis will need to shift troops and supplies to meet an Allied invasion. German war industry appears to have been badly crippled. But with the Amer ican air force joining in the attacks in increasing numbers, raids to date may have been only a good begin ning. FARM PLAN: From Cornbelt The importance of a strong home front—especially in the food sector— was re-emphasized when officials of 12 cornbelt states concluded a series of meetings to offset what former President Herbert Hoover calls "symptoms of a dangerously degen erating agriculture." Governors of eight states and high ranking officials of four others draft ed a series of recommendations that, among other things, would: Recognize farming as an essential war industry; release immediately all present stock of farm machinery now in the hands of leaders or dis tributors and provide sufficient ma terial for completion of other units ! not now finished; grant selective service deferment for "all experi | enced labor essential to farm pro duction" and "terminate the present I unsatisfactory system” which sends j farm machinery where "it is not I adapted." HIGHLIGHTS . . • i™ ihe week’s news RATION: Food ration points on i blue stamps in April will remain at 48. • • • DEEP WATER: Representative William Rowan of Chicago has pre pared a resolution asking for the deepening of the Illinois waterway and Mississippi river to 12 feet to permit major navigation from the Great Lakes to the Gulf. LOOK PRETTY: To cut absentee ism among women workers em ployed seven days a week and eight hours a day. the N. A. Woodworth company of Detroit has installed a beauty shop in the plant Furnished in the modern manner, the shop has all of the latest beauty equipment and charges the regular prices. Woodworth employs approximately 3,000 women. rum,.it1: In Ftnnri> ttuprful eves turned for severe! days mi the high mounialfl pes*ei hear the French ywls* frimder, where large htfHtbefs of French patriot* had mobilized tn launch guerrilla warfare against Italian and Herman troops For ihe most these forces consisted of young Frenchmen who wore being recruit ed for forced labor Inside Germany. First reports from Ftirlch and Rerne, Switzerland, indicated that Rrttish RAF planes were dropping guns and ammunition to the men waiting In the Alps. German sources soon claimed Dial many of the men were deserting because of the lack of such supplies. This claim was substantiated by neutral reports. Much support and advice to the movement was given by ihe Algiers radio. This source claimed that Italian troops in the area were re fusing to help pry the patriots loose from their positions. An ultimatum had been issued by the Germans before the fighting be gan but the French declined it say ing that they were ready to fight through to the end. While non-Axis nations were cheered by the news of the resist ance there was little hope that the uprising could spread far. DINNEK TABLE: And Points While American housewives were studying what the effects of the ra tioning of meat, canned fish, but ter, cheese and edible fats would be on their family diets, the Office of Price Administration announced that April points for processed foods would be same as in March—a total of 48 per person. These would be the points on the blue stamps let RATION DATES March 39—First day for rationing of meats, canned fish, butter, cheese, edible fats and oils. March 31—Final date for first in spection of passenger car tires for “A” card holders and mo torcycles; last day on which A, B and C stamps in war ration book 3 may be used. (Stamps of second ration period may be used from March 25.) April 13—Expiration date for Period 4 fuel-oil coupons. May 31—Last day for use of stamp No. 13, good for five pounds of sugar. June 15—Last valid date for stamp No. 17, good for one pair of shoes. September 3#—Expiration date for Period 5 fuel-oil coupons. tered D, E and F in war ration book No. 2. In announcing the meat rationing, government officials were careful to point out that while the total amount to be consumed by the nation would be cut 12 to 15 per cent, there would still be enough meat to allow healthy diets for U. S. citizens. Meanwhile the department of la bor reported that the average in- ; crease in food costs throughout the nation during the past month had been 0.5 per cent. SECRET AIRFIELDS: Held Dutch Harbor The story behind Japan's failure to seize Dutch Harbor, the navy’s Alaskan stronghold, is due largely to the “existence" of two imaginary salmon packing companies. The facts have just been revealed. The two packing firms were no more than covers for one of the Alaska defense command's most re markable jobs—the secret construe- | tion of two airfields to guard Dutch Harbor. When the Japs approached the naval base last June 3 (with two carriers, three cruisers, eight de stroyers and four transports—per haps as strong as the forces which struck at Pearl Haibor) they under stood there was no airfield within 800 miles of Dutch Harbor. In the midst of their assault the Japs found themselves hit from be hind by land based planes and bombed and torpedoed by land based planes. Their spy work—so success ful at Pearl Harbor—had failed. LITTLE STEEL: Formula Fades A source of comfort to almost ev ery labor union official is the fact that the Little Steel formula is fast disappearing as a factor in wage in creases approved by the War Labor board. The bulk of wage adjust ments now is based on "inequali ties." Reason for the disappearance of the much-debated formula is that a majority of employees already have received the 15 per cent general in crease permitted by the formula as a cost-of-living adjustment. WLB of ficials state that scarcely any im portant branches of industry have not raised wages at least that much since January 1, 1941. JAP FORCES: Above Australia Word from Allied headquarters in the South Pacific indicated that Japan's invasion forces appeared shifting to the ring of islands north of Australia. This new menace was emphasized when 49 enemy planes—25 bombers and 24 fighters—attacked Port Dar win in Australia. It was one of the heaviest raids in months, although the Japs were driven off with only slight damage and casualties. Wickard Is Made Target Of Farm Policy Critics Attack on Agriculture Chief Seen as a Continuation of Farm Bureau Assault On Farm Security Administration. By BAUKIIAGE Nrns Anatyit and Cnmmrntntnr. WNU Service, Onion Trust Building, Washington, I». C. You will read in your favorite newspaper that congress is out to "get" Secretary of Agriculture Wickard. The reason being offered Is: "There’s going to be a food shortage and he’s responsible." That isn’t the half of it. In the first place, the folks who have been leaning back with their feet on the Washington cracker-bar rel and watching administrations, wars and panics come and go, aren’t taking these fiery debates, these charges and counter-charges too se riously. The fight in congress today on the surface is the farm bureau, the big farmer (who isn’t so big in many cases) versus Wickard. One layer below the surface, you’ll hear it called the fight of the extension services against the Farm Security administration. Back in the crack er-barrel corner it’s just the fight against the administration and what’s left of the New Deal. Criticism *Political’ One of these old timers shifted his stogie, took down his feet and said to me: "This is just politics. The idea is that 1944 is coming up and if you are an honest ‘out’ you’ve got to do all you can to discredit the ‘ins.’ I think Wickard will weather the storm. The Farm bureau peo ple have nothing against him except as a symbol of the administration. He's an old farm bureau man him self.” •■But," I interjected, “what about the war effort what about hiking up the farm prices and smashing the price ceilings? You can't give the farmers higher prices without having to boost wages.'* My friend caressed his stogie and smiled. “Don't worry,” he said, “nobody is going to do anything in the long run that will interfere with war plans. But in a political fight, everybody leans as far out of the tree as he can without falling. Ev erybody says the other fellow is playing poBtics — but everybody plays the game just the same.” What is this "extension service” versus Farm Security fight? Well, it goes back a long way. In the old days, the extension service, the idea of the "county agents” was started by commercial organizations which wanted to im prove farm prosperity so they could sell more city goods. Later, the system was financed by the states with the help of federal grants. But the states dominated. Then the American Farm Bureau federation was formed, officially in 1920. The organization pushed certain ideas for attacking surpluses not very different from what the AAA developed later. As the farm prob lem grew worse, a farm conference was called in Washington in 1932. This group prepared a bill contain ing many features similar to those finally incorporated into the Agri cultural Adjustment act. Then came the first friction be tween the farm bureau and the ad ministration. There was a good deal of politics in that. too. It was a struggle between the AAA repre sentatives in the field and the state set-ups. Farmers' Union Formed Later, the Farmers Union came into the picture. It was started among the low income farmers in Texas. It was the left wing of Ag riculture and to the other farm groups, it was "pink.” It had the strong backing of Mrs. Roosevelt; its policies were reflected by the Farm Security administration, a ri val of the more conservative Farm Credit administration which minis tered to the financial ills of the big ger farmers. The friction has never ceased. A blow-up came when Wiekard started his food administration. As an old farm bureau man, he always leaned over backward in an effort not to be prejudiced against Farm Security Also, as a cabinet mem ber. he couldn't stray too far from White House preachments So he named Parisius. a Farm Security man. to head up his food conserva tion machinery and immediately a nest of hornets was loose. There was no choice. It was a question of making a left turn against traf fic Parisius had to go. Wiekard was accused of turning right by one group but that didn't save him from the wrath of those opposed to the administration. Nor did his incentive payment policy which wnuld not help the Demo crat cotton raisers in the South nor the Republican wheat raisers in the north since what we don’t need to feed America today is more wheat or more cotton. So the storm rages. Farm Se curity w’ill probably be the burnt of fering as anything with even a faint ly pink complexion is a red flag to congress. Gardens Nothing New; They Were Old Treat You've heard the expression: "he ain't what he usta be and what’s more, he never wuz." In a number of ways, these United States of ours ain't what they used to be—but they WUZ! Take these victory gardens. My goodness! It was long after we moved into town (population 20, 000) that I had my real private gardening experience. Back on Spruce street, of course, there was a whole orchard and the garden was so big. it was ploughed. But big or little, the backyard could produce plenty for mother to “put up" (we never called it "canning"), every thing from tomatoes and corn and those cucumbers—'what memories the name conjures up'—to those wonderful watermelon pickles. I was talking with another old timer, and he isn't so old either, about his little Kansas town. He said he couldn't remember anybody who didn’t have a garden; or had milk delivered to the doorstep ei ther. When the onions and the radishes stuck their sprouts up. I used to watch them with an eagle eye hoping I would be able to deliver a luscious bunch of them before the corner grocer had his somewhat wilted product to display. Of course. I never could beat him by much and by the time the fat tomatoes were asking for a piece of lath to keep their chins out of the dirt, all the neighbors had them too. But that didn't matter. Came the day when the kitchen was redolent with en trancing odors and the womenfolk’s aprons were stained red as a vic torious banner, and when evening fell, the mason jars were cooling in the pantry before they were stored in the cool cellar. In those days, about the only time a can opener was used was when somebody broached a Sunday eve ning can of sardines as a special treat to go along with the fudge (made in a chafing dish if you were a little doggy) and flavored with songs around the piano to mandolin obligato. And what about the dry throats? No ice cubes. No cocktail shakers. Perhaps a bottle of raspberry shrub from the top shelf from the pre serves closet—a rich purple liquid which had been squeezed through a cheese cloth bag with strong and loving hands, the fat berries inside plucked from those sprawling bushes along the back fence. What good things came out of the backyard garden by way of the fruit jars and the jelly glasses! Can you forget the quinces, smooth and shiny and hard that hung on the gnarled tree, harsh fruit that mys teriously turned into a delightful pink delicacy, which spread over a crisp cracker like a benediction. Drill Congressmen On Tuesday. March 2. 1943, there appeared for the first time in the history of America, the following item in the Congressional Record, the journal of day to day happen ings of congress: RECESS THE SPEAKER. Pursuant to the inherent power lodged in the Pre siding Officer in case of emergency, the Chair declares this House in re cess subject to the call of the Chair for the purpose of participating in a practice air-raid drill. The alarm has sounded. Members wiU leave the Chamber as rapidly as possible, and the galleries will be cleared. Accordingly (at 2 o’clock and 10 minutes p. m.> the House stood in recess, subject to the call of the Speaker. AFTER RECESS At 3 o'clock and 4 minutes p. m., the House was called to order by the Speaker. BRIEFS . . . by Baukhage Japanese officials have decided to | establish six more training centers to meet present demands for 80.000 brides for Jap colonists in' occu pied Manchuria. As recorded by the foreign broadcast intelligence serv ice of the United States, the Tokyo radio said current plans call for 250.000 "colonists” and that "about 80.000 brides to go to the continent a-* desired." The treasury’s cache of gold now amounts to $22,743,000,000. • • • The German people, who are get ting about an ounce of fats a day on their present ration cards, began to get less butter and more margarine during the present ration period which began March 8. according to a D.N.B. dispatch transmitted from Berlin. kj Wr.tun N*w<*r*fr*t VMM. Tt’MsKCH.OSIS Some year* ago while visiting a tuberculosis sanllartum, 1 came across a patient, an amateur heavy weight boxer, who calmly informed me that he expected to stay two yeara In order to allow hla lung to become com pletely healed. At that time the pneu mothorax method, in which gas pressure is used to cause the infected lur.g to rest was used mostly in advanced cases. Dr. Barton More recently, oth er methods of rest ing the lung by caus mg it to collapse have come into use. such as cutting the nerve that controls the lung and removing a portion of several ribs. As many patients are naturally anxious to get “cured" quickly, the question naturally arises as to why shouldn’t these short methods of resting the lung be always used in stead of the long months and years of bed rest only. In order to answer this question satisfactorily, Drs. A. L. Kruger, B. P. Potter and A. E. Jaffin. Jer sey City. N. J„ analyzed IK cases of early tuberculosis seen in the Hudson County Tuberculosis hospi tal and clinics between 1930 and 1939. From their findings, these physi cians agree with those physicians who advise early collapse treatment with “advanced" tuberculosis. What about the use of collapse treatment in the beginning or early cases. In early tuberculosis they believe that rest, rest in bed, is the treatment most needed to bring about recovery. The disease was stopped or arrested in 78 per cent of these early cases by bed rest. Treatment by collapse—gas pres sure, nerve cutting, removal of ribs —should be used in cases only when the disease gets worse, tubercle germs are found in the sputum, where there is no improvement after a long period of bed rest, or when hemorrhages occur. As there are many patients who think bed rest treatment is too slow, and perhaps members of the family who think that treatment at home or the outdoor clinic is as effective as hospital or sanitarium treatment. I think the findings of these research physicians should be made known. • • • Treatment for Ringing of Ears A few years ago when an individu al had tinnitis—ringing in the e3rs— it was felt that, as there was often some deafness present, the deafness was the cause of the tinnitis. Ac cordingly. the ear specialist treated the ear for any condition that might be causing the deafness, and when improvement in hearing resulted there was often some decrease in the tinnitis. Among the causes of tinnitis and partial loss of hearing are <a> wax or cerumen in the outer ear lying against the eardrum. (b> partial blocking of the eustachian tube which carries the air from the back of the throat to the middle ear against inner side of eardrum, and <c) too much liquid in the tissues adjoining the balancing canals of the ears. This latter condition also causes dizziness, nausea and vomit ing. and partial loss of bearing; it is called Meniere's disease. The treatment for these three con ditions causing tinnitis is: 1. The removal of the wax by placing olive oil or half strength hydrogen peroxide in the ear. al lowing it to remain for a few min utes, and then driving out the soft ened wrax with a hot baking soda solution, using a powerful syringe. 2. The eustachian tube is opened by means of an air syringe which not only blows the tube open but removes to some extent the moisture which is sticking the lining surfaces of the tube together. 3 The treatment of Meniere's dis ease is by cutting down on all liquids and table salt and avoiding or cut ting down on salty foods. Foods to be avoided are bread, salted but ter. crackers, eggs, all corned, pickled, smoked or salted foods. Foods that are low in salt and can be eaten are apples, asparagus, cab bage. lettuce, grapes, lemons, or anges. honey, ielly. unsalted bread and butter. That eystrain could cause tinnitis will come as a surprise to many of us. but Dr. J. R Noyes. Brockton. Mass., in ••Laryngoscope” states that he has relieved several patients of annoying symptoms by correcting eyestrain due to short-sightedness, and astigmatism. QUESTION BOX Q.—Is there any cure for osteo arthritis? A. — The process — arthritis — is sometimes stopped by use of a diet low in starches. Q.—Can you recommend a cure for Pott s disease? A.—Your physician can refer you to an orthopedic specialist aho will give usual treatment. Pott’s disease is usually due to tuberculosis and is cured by rest, plaster cast, some times surgery. Soil Mfmuftmtnl Aid To Increasing Yield* Farmers Co~o()trttktft in Test Get Good Result* Larger yields of gram and better stands ot hay are becoming terrene* tngly important these days when tee demand h'r rereaL meat and dairy products ter war and civilian needs has reached such record peaks. Whether the output ot these crop* is large or small on a particular term depends largely on the condi tion of the soil that produces them, according to Prof. C. J. Chapman of the college of agriculture. Univer sity of Wisconsin. That such crops respond to soil management is ex-dent from tests carried on in a number of Wisconsin counties in which fertilisers contain ing phosphorus and potash were ap plied to small grains and seeding* of clover and alfalfa. Farmers co-operating to the tests laid eat demonstration plots on their land, leaving one area anfertiliaed. The resorts to the form of grain yields and hay crops that followed them to the rotation were checked and com pared. The harvests showed that aot only was the owtpwt of the small grains boosted, bat the production of hay that followed in the rotation was greatly to creased. The tests showed, too. that the soil improving treat ments had a valuable carry-over benefit. Typical of die results obtained were tests on farms in Portage eotat Allen G. Hnnsaker of Alton. Wto.. whose four sons are now in the armed forces, installed a milk tag machine to help oat. He Is now carrying on with the aid of his wife and 13-year-old daughter. He now milks 29 high grade Holsteins which produce 15.MO pounds of milk per month, in comparison with the 19 cows he milked last year which averaged 19.909 pounds per month. ty on silt loam and sandy loam soil types of varying fertility levels. On one silt loam plot where 300 pounds of an 0-20-20 fertilizer were applied per acre in 1941. the grain yield was 51.9 bushels compared with 31.1 bushels per acre on the unfertilized field. The 1942 hay crop on the fer tilized field was 5.493 pounds, as against 1,186 pounds—or an increase of 4.307 pounds per acre. A sandy loam plot treated like wise with 300 pounds per acre of an 0-20-20 yielded 25 2 bushels, com pared with 19.2 on the untreated plot. Eliminate Hazards! Unless soldiers on the farm front are careful, an army of nearly 4.500 farm workers will be killed this year by mechanized equipment and livestock. •‘That’s why we say that heroism isn’t confined to the front battle lines in this war,” farm families were told by E. W. Lehmann, head of the agricultural engineering de partment University of Illinois col lege of agriculture. The shortage of labor, inexperi enced machine operators and use of older machinery wili aggravate the situation for the duration. In Illinois alone, nearly 3N farmers lost their lives in pro ducing and delivering food to market in 1941. Thousands were crippled for life; more thousands were crippled temporarily. Accidents during wartime are not merely family and corr.ti unity tragedies. Many times they are the result of criminal negligence. Acci dents that kill and injure American food-for-freedom producers aid the enemies. Agricultural Notes Sudden changes of temperature in dairy bams or in poultry bouses re duce production of eggs and milk. Cows and hens do not work over time to replace shortages from the day before. WPB has assigned top priority rating of AA-1 to assure delivery of critical material necessary for manu facture of farm machinery included in the current program.