WHO’S
NEWS
This Week
By
Lemuel F. Parton
Consolidated Features,—WNU Release.
NEW YORK —That brief dispatch
from Chile reporting that Ber
lin had recalled Ambassador Wil
helm Freiherr von Schoen is some
Von Schoen Recall {J^na sTraw
May Mean Chilean in the wind
_ . . of World
Swing to the Allies war poli
tics. Baron Von Schoen has been
so long and so deeply intrenched in
Latin-American intrigue and so suc
cessful in covering his tracks and
staying on the job that this four
line news item may well indicate a
powerful Chilean swing to the Allied
Nations.
His organisation of subversion
in Chile has been exposed and
attacked time and again with
out so much as jolting the bar
on's monocle. He has been most
elaborately wired In, not only
with double-dealing politicians
but with a hemisphere complex
of Industrial and financial inter
ests and German-based cartels.
If it is true that they finally
have cut him loose from these
moorings It surely means that
some of the scaliest and tough
est Axis tentacles in those parts
have been severed.
His family is an old, established
firm in international political con
spiracy, in war and peace. His fa
ther, the late Baron Albrecht, circu
lated in Europe before the start of
the first Would war, trying to soften
up the opposition, and Baron Wil
helm carried on over here in the
Mexican machinations which helped
get us in the war. He did this so
smoothly that a few post-war years
passed before his role, as an aide
to Count BernstorfT, was understood
and his activities fully appraised.
In 1914, he arrived in Wash
ington, after several years as
secretary of the German em
bassy In Japan. In an Inter
view, which seemed to have
been carefully premeditated, he
told of Japan's bitter hatred of
the United States, and her de
termination to annihilate us,
sooner or later. The Interview
stirred up much angry discus
sion and brought the baron a
sharp reprimand from President
Wilson, with a hint that the state
ments had been intended to pro
mote enmity.
He was married in 1916 to an
American girl, highly placed social
ly, and, as secretary to the em
bassy, achieved deep penetration in
the capital salon diplomacy at a
time when our entry into the war
was still in the balance. He re
turned to Germany, after the failure
of the Mexican conspiracy and lit
tle was heard of him until the early
days of the Hitler ascendancy.
AS THE army and navy propose
to take over the colleges, their
plan to teach the young how to shoot
meets considerable academic oppo
_ . sition. Presi
Prextes Disagree dent8 Wris.
On Army, Navy ton of Brown
and Dodds
Taking Colleges o{ prinCeton
are in agreement, but other prexies
throughout the country register dis
sent on varying grounds.1 The main
base of opposition is that liberal
arts education and small colleges
will be casualties.
Dr. W. H. Cowley, president
of Hamilton college, an active
ally of the armed forces in col
legiate mobilisation In the past,
finds the plan “quite Inade
quate." His is a college of about
450 students, and he has been a
goal-keeper among college pres
idents against drives threatening
the humanities and liberal arts
In the colleges. As an educator,
be has opposed early and ex
treme specialization and has
stressed the importance of edu
cating the "whole man."
With this strong conviction, he b< •
lieved colleges, by proper adapta
tion in teaching, could help meet tho
demands for youth in the war and
at the same time hold their ancient
cultural franchise. A year ago, he
circularized 200 upperclassmen of
his college with a letter urging them
to join the navy and has served as a
member of the educational commit
tee working with the army and
navy. He says this committee op
posed the new plan, about a month
ago, without success.
Dr. Cowley became president
of Hamilton In 1938, at the age
of 39. As an expert and au
thority on vocational guidance,
and in educational research, he
has concluded that an organized
and adequate personality, and
the ability to think must take
precedence over special skills.
If boys off to war can somehow
cram a little sound education into
their duffle bags, he thinks it will
be all to the good—or, more pre
cisely, he thinks it is urgently im
portant that they do so. He is the
most modern of educators, but has
opposed such innovations as those
of Dr. Hutchins and Stringfellow
Barr, which would reduce the col
lege course to two years.
When he was graduated from
Dartmouth, he was voted the “most
likely to succeed.” He took his
Ph. D. degree at the University of
Chicago.
Released by Western Newspaper Union.
'Last Shot of the
Confederacy’
HE War Between the States end
ed with Lee's surrender on April
9, 1865, but a part of the Confed
eracy—in fact, a very important
part of it—is still fighting. How
ever, this time it’s fighting the Ger
mans and the Japs — not the
“Yankees.” That part of the Con
federacy is the city of Selma Ala.
Back in 1864 when Union Gen.
William T. Sherman started his fa
mous “march to the sea,” he sent
the leader of his cavalry, Gen. James
Harrison Wilson, on a raid into Ala
bama to destroy stores and harry
the horsemen of Confederate Gen.
Nathan Bedford Forrest. In the
spring of 1865 Wilson’s troopers
started for Selma, then the Confed
eracy’s principal storehouse for mu
nitions. He was confronted by For
rest's forces but they were too small
to hold back the bluecoats.
On April 1, 1865, before the city
fell to the invaders, the Confeder
ates rounded up all the heavy ord
nance, shipyard equipment and other
materiel they could find and dumped
it from a high bluff into the Alabama
river. There it lay, almost forgot
ten, for more than 70 years until a
party of high school boys, working
on a history project, dug up a 700
pound cannon. So when Uncle Sam
sent out his nation-wide call for scrap
metals, the citizens of Selma remem
bered the cache of iron and brass
and steel in the bottom of the river.
They dug up aged and yellowed
maps which marked the location of
this store of metals and started sal
vage operations. Already several
thousand pounds of scrap have been
recovered and soon, somewhere in
the Pacific, or possibly in the Medi
terranean theater of operations, the
Japs or the Germans will receive
the “last shot of the Confederacy."
The fighting around Selma back
In 1865 brought into conflict two of
General Forrest
the outstanding
cavalry leaders
of the Civil war.
Of the two Na
than Bedford For
rest was undoubt
edly the greater.
Most Americans
remember him
because of the
formula for win
ning battles that
is so often attrib
uted to him "Git
thar fust with the
mostest men."
Whether Forrest ever said it-in just
that way is doubtful, but the fact re
mains that he was one of the most
successful cavalry leaders in Ameri
can history.
Gen. Robert E. Lee had a great
leader of mounted men with his
forces—the dashing "Jeb" Stuart.
But at Appomattox, when somebody
asked Lee who was the greatest sol
dier in his command, he answered
Instantly "A man I have never seen,
sir. His name is Forrest." Lee’s
opinion of Forrest was confirmed by
General Sherman, who fought
against him during the Western
campaigns.
Although Wilson had no such spec
tacular career as Forrest’s, he was
a soldier of out*
standing ability,
as proved by the
fact that he rose
from second lieu
tenant to major
general in four
years. Soon after
the outbreak of
the Civil war he
became a first
lieutenant and
fought at the bat
tles of South
Mountain and
Antietam.
General Wilson
Promoted to lieutenant-colonel in
1862, Wilson became inspector-gen
eral of the Army of the Tennessee
in 1863. Later that year he was ad
vanced to brigadier-general.
Wilson's big chance came late in
1864 when he was assigned to the
command of the cavalry corps of the
Military Division of the Mississippi.
He organized an army of 15,000 cav
alrymen and this force contributed
largely to the success of the armies
in the West under Generals Thomas
and Sherman, particularly in the
capture of Selma and Montgomery,
Ala., and Columbus and Macon, Ga.
In 28 days Wilson captured five forti
fied cities, 23 stands of colors, 288
: guns and 6,820 prisoners. It was a
brilliant record but he is principally
| remembered as being the Union gen
eral whose troops captured one par
I ticular individual among those 6,000
' prisoners. That individual was Jef
; ferson Davis, president of the Con
i federacy.
Perhaps the most brilliant
. achievement of Forrest was the way
in which he covered the retreat of
General Hood after that luckless
Confederate officer had been defeat
ed by General Thomas at the Battle
of Nashville. With a force of 5,000,
Forrest held off the pursuit of Thom
as’ 10,000 cavalry and 30,000 infan
try for 35 terrible days until Hood’s
army was safely across the Ten
nessee river into Alabama. During
this time Forrest killed and cap
tured 5,000 of the Federals and
armed and fed his men at the ex
pense of the enemy besides!
i
Agriculture Playing Major Role
In United States Victory Effort
"Food will win the war”! To this end, all of our crops
now have production goals to insure abundant food for free
dom. Harvests have been planned while the men who ordi
narily do the harvesting are away at war. Despite this
handicap, the department of agriculture forecasts that next
year’s net income will total approximately $10,500,000,000.
The 1942 figure is about $1,000,000,000 above the previous rec
ord of 1919. Not only has white collared America found new
pleasure in digging into "victory gardens” but has pitched
into the bigger agricultural job of filling the breadbasket of
the United Nations. Pictures show various phases of this
new outlet for American patriotism.
Chart shows comparative production of a few of Americas
most important commodities in 1941 and 1942.
Students of the Peddie school
(below) pick strawberries at
Englishtown, N. J.
I Victory!
I Parade i
Women harvesters (circle)
take time out for a hit of fun.
Below: Here you see J. E. Smith,
vice president of the Central
hank (left) ami a few hank em
ployees, picking beets at San
Lorenzo, Calif,
Left: Front vieto of cotton
picker showing how the row of
cotton plants flows through the
picking drums. Photo was taken
near Osceola, Ark.
Millions of bushels of surplus
grains are shipped to distilleries,
all of whose production facilities
are now devoted to the tear ef
fort. On arrival at this plant of
Schenley Distributors corpora
tion (right), samples of the grain
are tested. The alcohol is used
for smokeless powder, etc.
There's a knack in picking to
matoes without bruising them.
These Mt. Holyoke gals have it.
Importance of World Trade
TurnsSpotlightonSec. Hull
Post-War Rebuilding of International Struc
ture Will Get Consideration
Before Armistice.
By BAUKHAGE
News Analyst and Commentator.
WNU Service, 1343 H Street, N.W.,
Washington, D. C.
Hints to the effect that the Presi
dent will make a discussion of post
war conditions a part of his forth
coming message to the 78th congress
foreshadows the re-entry on the dip
lomatic stage in a prominent role
of the figure of Secretary of State
Cordell Hull. In wartime, diplomacy
plays its part chiefly behind the
scenes—the brass hats have their
day in public. But there are now
several indications that Secretary
Hull is about to take the spotlight
again in an old familiar role, name
ly, as spokesman for the economic
platform which he made a part of
our foreign policy before the war.
To understand Secretary Hull’s
importance today it is well to re
call the words spoken to me not
long ago by a very keen diplomatist:
"Secretary Hull,” he said, "was
probably chosen as secretary of
state for four reasons: One, because
of the President’s political debt to
him and because they were friends;
two, because he had a diplomatic
gift; three, because there was vital
need for liaison between the state
department and congress; and four,
because of Hull’s deep knowledge of
international trade relations.”
Reason No. 3 is more important
than ever, and although reason No.
4 may have been a pure coincidence
at the time, it is turning out to be
one of the most important factors.
Today “reason No. 4” is coming
to the front. There are those in
the administration who believe that
America must play a vital part in
the building of the post-war world if
freedom of enterprise is to be main
tained. They realize, too, that un
less conditions of peace are outlined
before the armistice, isolationist
sentiment may break out again and
force America back into extreme
nationalism when the war is over,
as it did in 1918.
Turning Point
Toward Depression?
America’s withdrawal from world
affairs in 1918 is considered by the
people who believe in Hull’s inter
national trade policy as the turning
point that led straight to the depres
sion of the twenties. Then it was
that America began building up her
tariff walls, which many economists |
consider one of the causes of World
War II.
Throughout this period the foreign
war debts were festering. America
continued to demand payment of
those debts and at the same time to
raise trade barriers that curtailed
international commerce and thus
made the debt payments impossible.
Then came the New Deal and the
introduction of many measures,
some of which tended further
toward nationalism. Secretary Hull,
who had been fighting an uphill fight
for free trade relations without much
success, especially after the sabo
taging of the London Economic con
ference in 1933, finally launched his
reciprocal trade agreements plan.
Hull's progress was retarded for
many natural reasons. In the first
place.it was too slow and undramatic
a procedure to engage the Presi
dent’s active support The President
leans to the dramatic, does not pre
tend to understand fiscal matters.
In the second place, the traditional
state department attitude was one
of aristocratic disdain of all matters
involving trade.
Lend-Lease Policy
Fitted Into Picture
Then came that new and strange
device, the lend-lease policy. It was
inaugurated, first in the hope that
we could fight the war in absentia
by furnishing Britain the tools, and
secondly, to avoid the recurrence of
that painful phenomenon, the war
debts. And then, just when, it is
not known, or exactly how. Secre
tary Hull was able to revive his
policy of unhampered trade by in
troducing Article VII into the lend
lease agreements.
Briefly, Article VII provides:
“In the final determination of the
benefits to be provided to the United
States of America by the Govern
ment of.in return for aid
furnished under the Act of Congress
of March 11, 1941, the terms and
conditions thereof shall be such as
not to burden commerce between
the two countries, but to promote
mutually advantageous economic re
lations between them and the better
ment of world-wide economic rela
tions. To that end, they shall include
provision for agreed action by the
United States of America and.,
open to participation by all other
•ountries of like mind, directed to
the expansion, by appropriate inter
national and domestic measures, of
production, employment, and the ex
change and consumption of goods,
which are the material foundations
of the liberty and welfare of all
peoples; to the elimination of all
forms of discriminatory treatment in
international commerce; to the re
duction of tariffs and other trade
barriers; and, in general, to the at
tainment of economic objectives
identical with those set forth in the
Joint Declaration made on August
14, 1941, by the President of the
United States of America and the
Prime Minister of the United King
dom.
“At an early convenient date, con
versations shall be begun between
the two governments with a view
to determining, in the light of gov
erning economic conditions, the best
means of attaining the above-stated
objectives by their own agreed ac
tion and of seeking the agreed ac
tion of other like-minded govern
ments.”
The chronology of America’s ap
proach to a peace founded on the
principles of free economic inter
course is:
Autumn of 1940: The Atlantic
Charter.
March, 1941: Lend-Lease law.
February, 1942: Master Lend
Lease agreement with Britain.
June, 1942: President’s clari
fication of Article VII.
Secretary Hull believes that a
soiihd and equitable international
economic policy must be laid down
before we can hope for international
political stability. He will be, as he
always has been, the champion of
that view.
That is the internationalist view.
Washington’s ‘Second City’
—The Pentagon
“This ain’t a building—this is a
city with a roof over it, that’s what
I calls it.”
This was the remark of my dusky
skinned guide between bites of a
ham sandwich which one of his col
leagues had offered him as we made
our journey through the maze of
corridors in that amazing building,
the Pentagon, in Washington, which
houses the war department.
It is a city, for it houses no less
than 40,000 workers. When they
leave, they begin at 4:30 p. m„ one
group after another every ten min
utes. Otherwise, all the busses and
cabs and private cars that jam the
labyrinth of highways, which cost
$150,000 a mile to build, would never
be able to take care of them.
Recently I took a cab with an in
experienced driver.
I’m afraid I took the hard way.
There were four policemen at the
door and a huge receptionist desk.
I found my proper stall, labeled
"Press,” and showed my pass to
the girl. She had never heard of
me or the Western Newspaper Union
or the Blue Network, and she spelled
my name wrong three times. How
ever, I was eventually moved up to
a waiting bench and finally a guide
appeared and escorted me to the of
ficer I wished to see.
We passed two beverage rooms on
the way and as I was somewhat ex
hausted, I dropped into one for a
soft drink and a cigar.
It took me 30 minutes from the
time I got in the building to the
time I reached my destination, and
some of the people there told me
they had already been waiting long
er than that.
The officer whom I was visiting
had an inside office. He told me
that if the lights ever went out, they
would be in pitch blackness at noon,
for, of course, there were no win
dows. I asked what would happen if
the ventilating system broke down.
He said he had not thought of that.
I had—and I imagine the air would
get pretty bad before very many
minutes if the air conditioner ceased
to work.
This huge institution is only a frac
tion of the expansion of Washington 1
which has been caused by the war,
but it is a concrete symbol of the
tremendous clerical effort required
to beat the Axis.
B R I E F S . . . &y Baukhage
C. The first packing center for pris
oners of war parcels, which will
have an initial capacity of 100,000
packages a month, will be opened
in January by the American Red
Cross in Philadelphia. The parcels,
containing 11 pounds of food, tobacco
and soap, will be for distribution to
American and other United Nations
prisoners of war and civilians held
by the enemy.
«. 4-H boys and girls produced 6Vi
million chickens in '42.
• • •
C. The odds against an aircraft plant
employee having an accident on the j
job this week or next are about 300
to 1. That’s the way the Aeronau- I
tical Chamber of Commerce of
America today points out the spec
tacular decrease in the airplane fac
tory accident rate.
CLASSIFIED
DEPARTMENT
CREMATION
, — ■ .- — ' "■m
[FORESTlAWNCEMETERYl
• OMAHA •
CREMATION
of the most modern type
Write to us for booklet
Use Gay Motifs for
Sprightly Kitchens
A PPLIQUE animated dishes are
a clever idea for a breakfast
cloth, especially when they are
used above a colorful plaid border
and complemented with napkins of
the same plaid. Lazy daisy flow
ers are also used to give interest
to these designs.
* • •
Transfer Z9526, 15 cents, brings the tea
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liven cottage curtains with a border of
dishes. Send your order to:
AUNT MARTHA
Box 166-W Kansas City, Mo.
Enclose 15 cents for each pattern
desired. Pattern No.
Name .
Address .
Pull the Trigger on
Constipation, with
Ease for Stomach, too
When constipation brings on discom
fort after meals, stomach upset, bloating,
dizzy spells, gas. coated tongue, and bad
breath, your stomach is probably “crying
the blues” because your bowels don’t
move. It calls for Laxative-Senna to pull
the trigger on those lazy bowels, com
bined with Syrup Pepsin for perfect ease
to your stomach in taking. For years,
many Doctors have given pepsin prepa
rations in their prescriptions to make
medicine more agreeable to a touchy (
stomach. So be sure your laxative con
tains Syrup Pepsin. Insist on Dr. Cald
well’s Laxative Senna combined with
Syrup Pepsin. See how wonderfully the
Laxative Senna wakes up lazy nerves and
muscles in your intestines to bring wel
come relief from constipation. And the
good old Syrup Pepsin makes this laxa
tive so comfortable and easy on your
stomach. Even finicky children love the
taste of this pleasant family laxative.
Take Dr. Caldwell’s Laxative Senna com
bined with Syrup Pepsin, as directed on
label or as your doctor advises, and feel
world’s better. GetgenuineDr.Caldwell’s.
Womanless Land
Mount Athos on the Aegean sea
is known as the land without wom
en. For centuries it has been the
retreat of monks, and no women
have lived there.
For Vitamin A & D Dietary Deficiency
WANT TO HELP build stamina
and resistance to colds? Then try
good-tasting Scott’s Emulsion— s
containing the natural A and D vi
tamins. Look for the world-known
aSp trademark. All druggists.
wNU—U 1—43
WATCH
thti^Kdals
You can depend on the spe
cial sales the merchants of
our town announce in the
columns of this pa per.They
mean money saving to our
readers. It always pays to
patronize the merchants
who advertise. They are
not afraid of their mer
chandise or their prices.