Oldest U. S. Sunrise Ceremony Still Greets Easter Morning This Easter morning, B. J. Pfohl (left) leads for the fifty first year a band which has played at Winston - Salem, IS. C., every Easter morning for more than 175 years. The strangest band in the world, possibly the largest, this group drmcs from 300 to 400 play ers for its performance. f '■J&tiNUBSSSfi&yX-:- ••• |:^w8»»»iWWwk-:- V...:iv.-w-.. ..v&53| Salem's band was founded by Moravian settlers front Ger many but this Easter it awakens not a village hut a city of 95,000. Above photo shows the group assembling for its re hearsal at the old Home Moravian church. Mr. Pfohl estimates he has inducted about 4,000 members into the band. Touring the city in busses and playing under streetlights, the band awakens Salemites each Easter in a traditional ceremony that has gone un broken through the years. Lat I er bandsmen go to the old Belo home where ladies of the Mo ravian church have a hot break fast ready for them. Then they proceed to God’s acre, the Mo ravian cemetery, to lead the ancient sunrise service. Right: The Moravian band starts them young. This lad began in Pfohl’s Sunday school class. i Above: The democracy of the dead. In If' inston-Salem, the Moravians permit no os tentatious marks upon their graves. This Easier morning scene includes a section of God’s acre, showing how each member of the congregation has a grave marked with sim ple uniformity. The dead are buried in plots, according to age, sex and whether married or not. There are no “family plots” and no distinctions of any descriptions. Left: Oldest member of the musicians-for a-day citizens’ band {s H. E. Pusey, 80, who never plays at any time except for Band master Pfohl at the traditional Easter sunrise service. WHAT to EAT and WHY C. Houston Goudiss Disci Kinds; Explains The By C. HOUST FOOD and drink are insepa tion of the nutritional neec response to a fundamental nee beverage in every meal, no m orate the food may be. For water which is as necessary Approximately two-thirds of< the body is composed of water. It is found in the muscles, in the brain tissue, in the various organs such as liver and kid neys, and even in the bones. Every cell in the body is de pendent upon water for its proper functioning. Body's Need for Liquids This precious fluid acts as a sol vent of food materials and makes possible their di gestion and absorp tion. Since it is an essential constitu ent of the blood, it helps to transport nutrients to every cell—this function alone requiring about 10 pounds of water in constant circulation. Final iy, ii ucipa iu chiii’ inate waste prod ucts from the body through the i lungs, skin and kidneys. The daily losses of water from the body must be replaced regu larly or the consequences may be extremely serious to health. It has been shown that headaches, nervousness and indigestion may result when the intake of fluids is diminished below normal require ments. Beverages Classified The quantity of water needed by each person varies with the di etary and with the season of the year, much larger amounts being i required when the temperature is high. But it is generally agreed that everyone should consume sev eral glasses of water daily, in ad dition to the water obtained from foods, chiefly fruits and vegeta bles. Part of the need is met by milk, and by coffee, tea, cocoa, fruit juices and various other fruit-flavored drinks which add pleasure to mealtime, serve as wholesome, between-meal pick j me-ups, and provide a gracious method of extending hospitality to guests. Aside from milk, which belongs in a classification by itself, and fruit juices which are consumed chiefly for their minerals and vita mins, beverages fall into two ! groups which overlap somewhat: those that are refreshing and those that are stimulating. Refreshing Beverages The refreshing beverages in clude fruit juices, fruitades and carbonated drinks, such as ginger ale and sarsaparilla. They are ef fective in quenching thirst and their appetizing flavors encourage the drinking of generous amounts of water. They also contribute energy values to the diet in pro portion to the amount of sweeten ing used in their preparation. Fruit juices are most frequently served as an appetizer at break fast, lunch or dinner. Fruitades are useful as between-meal drinks and when entertaining. Children like to display their hospitality to friends and this type of beverage, served with a few crackers or simple cookies, makes an attrac tive snack. Mothers will find it convenient and economical to utilize for this purpose beverage crystals which come in a variety of fruit flavors. These make wholesome, refresh ing beverages at a minimum cost; the amount of sweetening may be determined by individual prefer ence; and they are so easily pre pared that children may do the mixing themselves. Stimulating Beverages The stimulating beverages are coffee, tea, chocolate and cocoa. When made with milk, chocolate and cocoa are rich in nutritive values, {hough their fuel value va ries with the product used. Choco late is much richer in fat than cocoa, and products labeled “breakfast cocoa” usually contain a larger percentage of the natural ———I isses Beverages of Various ir Role in the Diet ON GOUDISS rably linked in any considera s of man. It is, therefore, in d that we include some kind of atter how simple or how elab primarily, beverages contain to the human body as air. p cocoa fat than products simply la beled, “cocoa.” The food value of coffee and tea depends entirely upon the cream or milk, and sugar with which they are served. However, they have an important place in the dietary because their flavor and aroma add greatly to the enjoy ment of other foods and they give a comfortable feeling of well being. The stimulating principle in these beverages is known as caf fein in coffee, and thein in tea. Doctors may forbid coffee because of some abnormality in health which makes a stimulant unde sirable. But competent authori ties hold that the effects of the moderate use of coffee by normal individuals may be disregarded. Neither coffee nor tea, however, should be given to children. First, because they do not need stimu lants, and second, because the use of these beverages will tend to reduce the consumption of milk which is so important to their nu tritional welfare. Guard Against Staleness The subject of coffee has been investigated from many angles by competent scientists, whose find ings should be of interest to home makers. The flavor and aroma of coffee are derived chiefly from a volatile oil, which is developed during the roasting process. But it has been established that this substance is rapidly lost from the coffee upon exposure to air. More over, each pound of coffee con tains about two ounces of fixed oil which may become rancid in the presence of air. These changes occur whether the coffee is ground or in the bean. Since stale, flavorless coffee may have an adverse effect upon appetite, it is important to buy a product that is protected against the air, or to choose one that is freshly roasted. The homemaker should also buy coffee in small quantities so that it can be used up quickly once it is opened. After the coffee has been made, there may be a further escape of its flavor and fragrance with both heat and steam. That is why cof fee should not be allowed to stand, but should be served the moment it is made, and why it should not be reheated. Tea also deteriorates when it is stored for long periods. It should therefore be bought in small quan tities and kept in air-tight con tainers. Questions Answered Mrs. J. F. A.—Numerous inves tigations with children indicate that there is a definite connection between bodily well-being and mental ability. A child with poor appetite and digestion may exhibit poor powers of concentration, list lessness or irritability, all of which interfere with the ability to learn. ©—WNU—C. Houston Goudtss—1939—S6. 11.1 i\j ~-w.-^-1 I SN’T the dress with paneled * skirt and lifted waistline (No. 1716) a lovely thing for larger women to wear? It’s so simple, so soft and slenderizing, with a bodice that fits perfectly, because the shoulders are shirred and the waistline gathered. Make this of silk crepe, georgette, chiffon or flat crepe. Wear flowers or a jew eled pin at the becoming, deep v neckline. For slim figures, the bow trimmed bolero frock (No. 1705) is particularly flattering, and it’s new as tomorrow morning! The dress, even without the bolero, is a real charmer, with its high neck I THE CHEERFUL CHERUB Hov cen l live. Tic narrow life.? The ra.ce is surging ’toward one goe.1. I’ll just forget my petty griefs And try to joinj $ \ the cosmic 'teaJ soul. HTC*"" /) line, flaring skirt and tiny, tiny waist. Tailored enough for day time, and yet appropriate for aft ernoon parties, too. Thin wool, flat crepe or silk print are pretty materials for this. No. 1716 is designed for sizes 36. 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50 and 52. With long sleeves, size 38 requires 5 yards of 39-inch material; with short sleeves, 4% yards. No. 1705 is designed for sizes 12. 14, 16, 18, 20 and 40. Size 14 re quires 4% yards of 39-inch materi al, and \Vz yards of ribbon for bows. To line bolero takes 1% yards. Spring and Summer Pattern Book. Send 15 cents for the Barbara Bell Spring and Summer Pattern Book, which is now ready. Make yourself attractive, practical and becoming clothes, selecting de signs from the Barbara Bell well planned, easy-to-make patterns. Send your order to The Sewing Circle Pattern Dept., Room 1020. 211 W. Wacker Dr., Chicago, 111 Price of patterns, 15 cents (in coins) each. © Bell Syndicate.—WNU Service HCNPi SEW 4^~ Ruth Wyeth Spears USE A CURTAIN L ROD THAT 1 EXTENDS BEYOND |u THE SIDES Of THE 1 DOOR FRAME — I SEW CURTAINS || TO RINGS 1 • Draperies for French doors. 441 NEED some help,” my * friend’s voice said over the telephone. "The living room dra peries are finished. I am bursting with pride over them, but I don’t know how to hang the ones for the French doors.” "Yes, I want to cover the door frame at the sides, but I can’t cov er much of the door because it must open and shut without inter fering with the draperies. I did want the curtain rod for the door to match the ones at the windows too.” Her voice trailed off in a dis couraged tone as if there were just too many difficulties ever to be solved. But they all were S’ HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONS 1 »-■ - - Good for Flannels.—A teaspoon of glycerin in the rinsing water makes flannels come out like new. • * • Cleaning Window Shades.—Light window shades may be cleaned with a flannel cloth dipped in flour. * • * Salad Molds.—Muffin pans make godd individual molds for gelatin salads and for macaroni and cheese mixtures. • * • Rinse Lingerie Well. — When washing fine lingerie, follow the suds with at least two and pref erably three rinsings. • * * Improving Apple Pie. — When making apple pie or apple pud ding, add the grated rind and juice of an orange. This greatly im proves the flavor. • * • Crunchy Sandwiches.—An inter esting, crunchy sandwich filling is made like this: Mix equal parts of chopped dates and celery, add half as much cream cheese and chopped candied orange peel. Sea son with a dash of salt, paprika and a little salad dressing. • * • Joining Wool Yarn.—Knotting your wool is never a satisfactory method of joining. When you next start a fresh ball, thread a darn ing needle with the end of the wool and run your needle along the new end of used wool for about one and a half inches. You will find that this makes an invisible join which will not come undone. solved. The sketch shows exactly how it was done. The curtain rod was placed on hooks near the top of the door frame and extended a good 7 inches over the wall at each side of the doors. The cur tains were sewed to rings. When they were in place, they covered both the hooks and the sides of the door frame, and allowed the doors to be opened. NOTE: These curtains were lined and had a pleated heading. They were made from the step-by step sketches in Mrs. Spears’ Book 1; SEWING, for the Home Decora tor. Book 2—Gifts, Novelties and Embroidery, is also full of practi cal, money saving ideas that will help you with your Spring and Summer sewing. Books are 25 cents each; if you order both books, leaflet on how to make Rag Rugs is included FREE; Address Mrs. Spears, 210 S. Desplaines St., Chicago, 111. ( Safety Talks ) *Pedestrian Faults* "THE National Safety council has * charged pedestrians with a large share of the responsibility for traffic accidents that killed 39, 500 persons in 1937. Of this total 15,400 were pedestrians. In “Accident Facts,” a statisti cal review of 1937, the council said: “Many pedestrians show ut ter lack of caution in their use of streets and highways. Combined state reports for 1937 show that in 67 per cent of all fatal pedestrian accidents the pedestrian either was violating a traffic law or was acting in an obviously unsafe man ner. In non-fatal accidents pedes trian faults appeared in 69 per cent of the cases.” The council described such things as jay-walking, failure to observe traffic lights, drunken walking, walking with instead of against traffic on rural highways, crossing streets in the middle of a block as “pedestrian faults.” / To Correct Constipation Don’t Get It! Why let yourself In for all the discomfort of constipation-and then have to take an emergency medicine-if you can avoid both by getting at the cause of the trouble? If your difficulty, like that of millions, is due to lack of “bulk” in the diet, the “better way” is to eat Kellogg’s All-Bran. This crunchy toasted cereal-a natu ral food, not a medicine-has Just the "bulk” you need. If you eat it every day, it will help you not only to get regular but to keep regu lar, month after month, by the pleasantest means you ever knew! Eat All-Bran daily, drink plenty I of water, and “Join the Regulars.” Made by Kellogg’s in Battle Creek. Sold by every grocer. V J CUT YOURSELF IN UN THIS REAL "MARIN'S” SMOKE-JOY Read Cliff Baggsr tip on this special-cut, extra-tasty tobacco he uses for his “makin’s” cigarettes > Recent snap of Cliff Baggs 70 f fine roll - your - own cig- | ereMee in every pocket gj tin of Prince Albert Prince Albert is good goin’ in pipes too — NO wonder “makin’s” smokers say: “There’s no other tobacco like Prince Albert.” It’s this way —Prince Albert is choice, ripe, and fragrant —better tobacco to begin with. Prince Albert is “crimp cut,” too, for fast, easy rolling, and for slow, cool smoking. Roll-your owners everywhere agree on Prince Albert as The National Joy Smoke. SO MILO • SO TASTY SO FRAGRANT Copyright.! 1989. R. J. Reynold* Tob. Oo. 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