The Frontier
D. H. Cronin, Editor and Proprietor
Entered at the Postoffiee at O’Neill,
Nebraska, as Second Class Matter,
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sequent insertions, 5c per line.
The gossip in the Senate and
House lobbys is that Harry Hop
kins, who now heads the Depart
ment of Commerce, will play with
business in order to help bring
factions together and to actually
bring about better business con
ditions in 1940.
Hopkins, Perkins, Wallace and
perhaps even Secretary Hull may
do some clashing on the new ad
ministration program to play with
industry. Members are discussing
the slight rift between the Presi
dent and Wallace over processing
taxes. The President is against
them and Wallace has been for
them. The guess is that there
will be no processing taxes.
The Administration will not go
along with the Cost of Production
plan and there is not much hope
at the present writing that many
changes will come iriythe farm bill
Some helpful amendments are al
ready in the hopper. Many new
farm bills have also been introduc
ed. That the farm problem is not
yet solved is shown by news com
ing out of the agriculture depart
ment thut Wallace plans to call on
various organizations and business
groups to assist him in “solving
the farm problem.” Prairie states
congressmen have attended meet
ings during the past three weeks—
at all of which there occurred dis
cussion of the farm situation. In
all of these meetings it was agreed
that when the farm problem is solv
ed, the principal problems of un
employment and depression will be
solved. It was also agreed that the
economic problems of the United
States will not be solved until the
farmer acquires purchasing power
equivalent to industry.
The Cost of Production block is
meeting each week. They have
asked critics of their plan for con
structive criticism in order that
they may add their strength to
other blocs who have the interests
of the farmer at heart. The Cost
of Production advocates argue that!
manufacturers get Cost of produc
tion; Labor has laws to help get
living wages; railroads have laws
to protect rates figured at cost of
service. The rates of telegraph
and telephone companies reflect
cost of service. They feel that the
farmer will never have adequate
purchasing power unless and until
he has some assurance of at least
the cost of production in return for
what he has to sell.
The Townsend people are here in
large numbers. They want a hear
ing on their bill. The majority
leaders say the minority members
who requested such a hearing
ought to be “put on the spot” but
they fear that perhaps some lead
ing majority members would also
be placed there. So they ure work
ing up strategy as to what ought
to do about this bill.
Some reailroad men are starting
to send petitions to members ask
ing for government ownership of
railroads. There is a bloc in the
inner administration circle which
will try to do something construc
tive for the railroads. That some
thing should be done is pretty much
agreed, but just what this is going
to be is still a guess.
Bob Doughton, head of the Ways
and Means Committee is working
overtime on taxes. Everybody
here knows that with new spend
ing there is only one place from
which to get the money—that’s
from the taxpayers. So a new
tax bill is in the making.
The Appropriations Committet
of twenty-five democrats and fif
teen republicans has now dividet
itself into eleven sub-coinmitteei
and these are working day ant
night on appropriations for abom
everything that makes the govern
ment tick. Each sub-committee ii
headed by a democratic chairmar
who finds new faces on the minority
side of his group. Each sub-com
mittee is assigned primary respon
sibility for one of the regular sup
ply bills. Extensive hearings in
executive sessions are now going
on Deficiencies, Interior, Agricul
ture, Independent offices, Treasury
and Postoffice, State Justice and
Commerce, War, Navy, Legislative,
District of Columbia and Labor-So
cial Security, are the committee
subdivisions. The Labor-Social
Security sub-committee is newly
formed this year. Formerly, ap
propriations for the Labor Depart
ment were made in the State - Jus
tice - Commerce - Labor till atid
for the Social Security Board in the
Independent Offices bill.
Any decrease in relief funds will
be more than counter-balanced by
appropriations for other purposes.
Members are now studying the new
budget which is so voluminous that
it requires many hours of reading.
The President wants to revive the
Passamaquoddy project where al
ready almost seven millions have
been spent. That the project’s ob
jective is to harness the tides of
the ocean for hydro electric power.
The site in its present state of im
provement is utilized by the Na
tional Youth Administration. He
also wants to revive the Florida
ship canal. If revived, these two
projects will call for at least 400
million dollars. The Secretary of
War wants 200 million dollars for
the Panama Canal for improve
ments and protection in case of
war. The War Department also
discovers that the Army has no real
good maps of this country and
wants 50 million dollars for that
purpose. These items, plus 533
million dollars for national defense
and more millions in prospective
demand for the same purpose, add
ed to the billions heretofore author
ized for war preparations, makes
members of the Appropriations
Committee really wonder if any
step toward economy was taken
when the House reduced the sup
plemental relief appropriation be
low executive recommendation.
The Morton tree on the eapitol
grounds is growing in fine shape.
The original Morton tree planted
years ago in front of the Depart
ment of Agriculture building has
long since disappeared. The Ne
braska American Legion is to be
asked to replace it. The Secretary
of Agriculture is willing for that to
be done. J, Sterling Mofton was
once Secretary of Agriculture.
At a recent farm meeting, one
speaker noted: “Agriculture’s
chief economic problems are that
farmers have to sell in an unpro
tected market, and buy in a pro
tected market.” This statement,
often made, fails to take into ac
count that the three principal items
of farm sales in the United States,
dairy products, meat products, and
fats and oils, are all made in a very
satisfactorily protected home mar
ket. Other farmers sell wool, to
bacco, fruits, vegetables, nuts,
flaxseed, soybeans, common beans,
sugar beets, sugar cane, etc., in a
protected market. Cotton, the
starches, and egg products, only of
important farm products are not
protected. Fats and oils, taken to
gether and excluding butter, rank
about third in total farm products
and are protected by the three cent
excise and import tax enacted by
Congress in the past three years.
These items of protection are
strongly recognized as good public
policy.
The largest single deficiency
crop of the United States agricul
tural industry is fats and oils.
American manufacturers, food and
industrial, require three thousand
tons a day of foreign cocoanut,
palm, palm kernel, whale and other
oils to supply domestic needs. In
case of war most of this could be
cut ofl' by cutting off sea trade with
the Philippines, and the Pacific is
lands. Nebraska farmers are high
ly intelligent in supporting reason
able efforts to increase production
of soybeans, a leading source of
vegetable oil.
i'll Buy that shot
GUN NOW' I SOLD SOME
STUFF FROM THE AT TIC
(WITH a want
Sell “White Elephant**
, Buy What You Want!
THE NEBRASKA
SCENE
By the Lowell Service
Lincoln, Nebraska—From the
inner circles of the Omaha political
machines comes the announcement,
evidently authoritative, that the
ambitions of Governor Cochran
have been reshaped and reformed
by the supporters of Senator Burke
and the mandates of the World
Herald. Cochran, it is stated, must
defer senatorial ambitions until
1942.
Senator Sam Klaver, republican
and editor of the Omaha Public
Ledger, is the spokesman. “It has
been common kowledge,” writes
Klaver, "that the governor would
like to be United States Senator,
but he is expected to defer his
campaign until 1942 and come out
for Senator Norris’ seat. One of
the compelling reasons is that the
World-Herald will actively support
Senator Burke for reelection in
1940. Without the support, or,
possibly with the opposition of this
newspaper, friends of Governor
Cochran fear that he will not be
able to make the grade.”
Cochran is expected to angle for
the support of the Nebraska state
delegation in 1940, with the expec
tation of seeking the nomination
for the vice-presidency. In order
to be in the running the democratic
presidential nominee would have
to be chosen from the East or
South.
“No matter what may happen,”
concludes Senator Klaver, “the
governor will have to shelve his
senatorial ambitions until 1942.
/ _
The appointment of William A.!
Bruce, of Verdigre, as a member
of the board of control has arous
ed republican outcry in Omaha;
ugainst the governor. Such repub- (
licans as William McHug, Chris
Tracy, Herbert White, and others
expected the appointment. The
fight got so hot that the governor
had to name an out-state man.
Bruce will succeed Henry Beh
rens, of Beemer, July 1st. Accord
ing to law, the governor had to
select a republican. All the repub
lican factions of Omaha are angry.
“Cochran was elected by the
voting strength of Omaha alone,”
declared County Chairman Bald
rige, of the Douglas county repub
lican committee. “His action is
distinctly a double-cross on his
friends.”
Cochran named Carl Horn, of
Hay Springs, for member of the
state game commision to succeed
W. J. Tiley, of North Platte. He
also selected Harry Bane, Omaha,
as director of the state employ
ment service at $3,000 a year; Neil
C. Vandemoer, Scottsbluff, director
of assistance at $3,300; and Robert
T. Malone, Lincoln, director of un
employment compensation at $3,
600. Herbert McCulla, Lincoln,
and Joe Boehler, Orleans, were
named to the state planning board,
McCulla replaces S. R. McKelvie
who recently resigned. Boehler
fills the vacancy caused by the
death of J. L. Cleary, of Grand Is
land.
Anti-Cochran forces are expect
ed to stage a drive next week to up
set the patronage program of the
executive. One of the chief points
of attack will be the state high
way system. An effort will be
made, according to a group of sen
ators, to place highway construc
tion under a bi-partisan state
commission with the unemployed
in the various counties sharing in
the labor under supervision of the
county commissioners.
Opposition is expected to develop
against the governor’s plan to com
bine the state normal board with
the board of regents of the univer
sity. Another point of attack will
be the insurance department. An
vestigation is proposed with the
idea of entirely reorganizing the
agency under the state auditor.
F. A. Scherzinger, editor of the
Nelson Gazette, and sponsor of the
plan to erect a statue on the capi
tol grounds in honor of General
John J. Pershing, was made chair
man of a board of commissioners to
supervise the erection of such a
statue last week by appointment by
Lieutenant Governor William E.
Johnson. Other members appoint
ed were as follows: Frank C.
Z e h r u n g, of Lincoln, First
district; Henry M. Eaton, of Oma
ha, Second district; Gene Huse, of
Norfolk, Third; Charles H. Sloan,
of Geneva, Fourth; Keith Neville,
of North Platte, Fifth; and ex- of
ficio members, Governor R. L.
Cochran; Robert B. Waring, Gen
eva, state commander of the Amer
ican Legion; and A. E. Sheldon,
superintendent of the State His
torical Society.
Exclusive of costs of administra
tion, the total amount of all public
aid in Nebraska in 1938, was $30,
568,030, according to a recent re
port of the state assistance divi
sion. More was expended during
March than in any other month of
the year, and December came next.
Lack of crops and change of
marketing, with farmers taking
their grain longer distances by use
of trucks were the causes recently
suggested by Horace M. Davis, fire
marshall, for a reduction of 188 in
the number of grain elevators in
Nebraska since 1923, which is dis
closed by a survey recently made
by Marshall Davis. In spite of the
marked decline in elevators, grain
shipping stations have been reduc
ed only 39 during the same period.
“There are 293 state banks oper
ating now, and all are in good runn
ing order,” declared Ben Saunders,
state banking superintendent, in a
hearing before the legislative ap
propriations committee last week.
“Although the continued drouth has
had some effect, Nebraska banks
are now, on the whole, in better
shape than in 1936. I believe that
the banking department can oper
ate during the coming biennium on
the appropriations recommended
b y Governor Cochran—$43,185
from tax funds and $75,200 from
cash receipts.. Even further eco
nomies may be effected.”
The legislature has a bill before
it which would place the state ath
letic office under the state auditor.
This move was recommended by
Sate Auditor R. C. Johnson when
questioned by the legislative ap
propriations committee in regard
to the audit of the office of Athletic
Director L. B. Hokuf which show
ed that during the last biennium
collections exceeded disbursements
by only $147.91. Johnson said that
the office would not be self-sup
porting under the present rate of
expenditures, which he considered
excessive. A decided reduction in
the gate receipts from boxing and
wrestling, from which the state
gets 5 per cent is given as the rea
son for the reduction in collections.
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__ __^_1
Of the 17,410 industrial accidents
which oceured in Nebraska during
1938 the greatest number, 2,847,
were caused by the contact of
workmen with sharp or rough ob
jects. Automobiles, tractors, and
trucks caused 1,136 injuries; 2,426
were caused by stepping on objects;
1,947 injuries from falls; 1,532
from flying particles; and 447 from
burns, acording to the records of
the state workmen’s compensation
court. Medical and compensation
expense amounted to $597,170.
A bill to change entirely the or
ganization of the state board of
agriculture was among the many
bills introduced in the legislature
on the last day that bills could be
offered. Its introducer was Emil
Von Seggern, of West Point, but
he said that he wished to make it
clear that he was not sponsoring
the bill and that he had merely
consented to introduce it. The bill
would provide a new method of
election by Congressional districts
for members of the board; would
limit membership to twd consecu
tive terms; and employ a secretary
manager at a salary not to exceed
$6,000.
C. W. Eubank of the state board
of control appeared last week be-;
fore the legislative committee on
appropriations in an effort to ob
tain legislative approval of sug
gested means by which funds could
be made available for the construc
tion of a $320,000 ward building at
the Lincoln state hospital for the
insane, similar to the one at the
Hastings insitution. He asked that
the $82,497 unexpended fund in
several board accounts be re-allot
ed at once to the building fund of
the state board of control, so that
it can be matched immediately
with federal funds, mking a total:
of $149,994. He also asked that
$25,000 be transferred from the
Beatrice feeble-minded institute to
the boards building account; also
$50,000 from the general revolving
fund of the board. In reply, Chair- j
man Frank Brady, of Atkinson
stated that the committee would
like to have a formal request from 1
Governor Cochran for the re-allo
cation of the desired funds. It
was explained that state-federal
funds amounting to $130,000 is al
ready available for the hospital at
Lincoln.
The question as to whether the
Regional Agricultural Credit cor
poration can be sued was argued
last week before the United States
Supreme Court by Judge E. B.
Perry, of Lincoln, who maintained
that since Congress has not with
held the right to sue the credit cor
poration, the right to sue it exists.
Attorneys for the corporation ar
gued that since the corporation is
owned and operated by the gov
ernment, it is immune from suit.
The case was brought by Keifer and
Keifer, cattlemen of Nuckolls coun
ty, who sued for damages, alleging
that the corporation had failed to
care for cattle as promised. The
Omaha Federal court, sustaining
a demurrer of the corporation, dis
missed the suit, and that decision
was upheld by the Court of Appeals
of the Eighth circuit. The plain
tiffs appealed to the highest court
of the land, and the hearing was
granted on a writ of certiorari.
“So long as roads can be built
with unseen and painless taxes,
and so long as license monies which
belong to the schools can be used
for other purposes, there are those
who will be content with no change.
But it becomes increasingly evident
that the cause of education is doom
ed if the property tax is to continue
to be its sole support." So de
clared H. L. Cushing, president of
Kearney State Teacher’s College
last week in an appeal to the legis
lature to “save the schools." “The
only hope which remains for us
rests with the legislature,” stated
Cushing. “If it be the desire of the
people of the state that these col
leges be reduced to institutions of
lower rank, certainly the people of
the state through their chosen
representatives are vested with the
power."
More than 500 antelope are now
running wild in Garden, Kimball
and Cheyenne counties, according
to Sec. O’Connell of the state game,
forestation and parks commission.
About 1,000 of the big game animals
of the state are at large, and the
commission estimates white tail
deer at about 465 and mule deer at
360.
Dr. Fred J. Kelly of the federal
bureau of education at Washington
has been “loaned” to Nebraska for
a few months, and he will be large
ly in charge of the survey of educa
tional conditions in the state which
has been ordered by the state
planning board. The work must
be finished by May 1, according te
James Mothersead, of Scottsbluflf,
chairman of the sub-committee of
the planning board which has the
educational matters in charge, and
not more than from $6,000 to $7,
000 is to be spent for making the
survey. A group of Nebraska eda
cators under the direction of Dr.
Kelly will make the survey. Some
of the studies to be made are as
follows: As to whether there is
unnecessary and costly overlapping
or duplication of functions of
courses in the various state-sup
ported educational institutions; as
to how Nebraska compares with
neighboring states in the amount "
appropriated for higher education
per unit of population and per stu
dent enrolled; an employment cen
sus taken by volunteer high school
students and students of the seven
th and eighth grades in each of
the school districts of the state;
a study to determine the vacancies
that could reasonably be expected
to occur as a result of mortality
and retirement in each of the major
ocupational groups; and a study to
(Continued on Page 5, Column 3)
■HHli
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