NATIONAL CAPITAL
By Carter Field
FAMOUS WASHINGTON CORRESPONDENT
Washington.—Two distinct rever
sals in public sentiment, utterly un
related, though both very human
have contributed to Presiden
Roosevelt’s recent troubles will
congress, and promise to make hirr
a lot more trouble in the session tc
come.
One of these is nation-wide—the
other southern. The former is mud
easier to understand. It is anothei
evidence of that age-old trait of hu
man nature illustrated by the old
rhyme:
"The devil was sick, the devil a
monk would be.
The devil got well, the devil a monk
was he.”
When President Roosevelt went
into office the country was sick,
economically. The chief criticism
of the administration he supplanted
was that it had floundered along, in
stead of doing something to cor
rect a bad situation. So the voters
were willing to try anything. When
Roosevelt came into power, and be
gan doing things in a spectacular
way. he aroused enthusiasm. He
continued to arouse it for at least
two years before there was really
a whisper of protest from the folks
who had been pleased in the begin
ning.
Unquestionably there were some
defections from his supporters dur
ing the second two years, but these
were much more than replaced by
the people who had come to be
dependent on the federal spending
policies, both as to farm and work
relief, so that his popular victory
In 1936 not only exceeded that of
1932, but the congressional election
of 1934 as well.
But the dissenters have been
growing in number. The emergency
having passed, they began to chafe
at the continuance of what they had
hailed earlier as remedies. Dur
ing the 1936 campaign the Republi
cans tried their best to make the
people tax conscious. They harped
on the pay-roll deduction taxes, and
the hidden taxes, and so on until
the voters got sick of hearing about
it. Certainly the Republicans got
nowhere with the issue.
Revolt Likely to Grow
In the first place, the voters did
not believe them. In the second,
the idea of an emergency was still
present There was not any gen
eral conviction that the hard times
were definitely over.
But since January all the little
employers, especially the lads in
the small towns, have been paying
those security taxes. So have the
workers. And nobody likes to pay
taxes.
More important, with the passage
of the months since last November
has come a general feeling that the
emergency has passed. Along with
this conviction is a growing feeling
that the country would have recov
ered anyhow, without the drastic
Roosevelt cure. Those who feel this
way—those who have changed their
views since last November—are
probably a very small minority of
the entire people. Even added to
the people who voted against Roose
velt last November, they almost be
yond question are in the minority.
Most political observers still think
that Roosevelt has a majority fol
lowing in the country.
But the folks who have changed
are in evidence everywhere. They
are known to their senators and
representatives. The mail reach
ing Capitol hill speaks no uncertain
language about the change.
To all this in the South is added
the fact that party loyalty, and even
stronger dislike of the very word
“Republican,” has made any
thought of insurgency unlikely.
Then, due to farm benefits, etc.,
there was a general feeling for the
first time since the Civil war the
South was getting something from
Washington.
The revolt seems more likely to
grow than to fade.
Turn Conservative
Significance of the fact that twen
ty-two Democratic senators voted i
to recommit the wages and hours
regulation bill is more obvious than
the deductions to be made about
opposition to President Roosevelt on
the Supreme court enlargement bill,
but the two things are down the
same alley.
There are exceptions, of course,
such as the fact that Senator Burton
K. Wheeler of Montana was against
the President on the court and for
him on wages and hours regulation.
Most of the Democratic senators
who opposed the President on either
issue had the same motive. They
want to curb the New Deal phases
of the administration. They want
to force the Democratic party back
into more conservative policies and
principles. They want to force the
nomination of some one more con
servative than Roosevelt in 1940,
and they want a much more con
servative platform than the Brain
Trust wing would favor.
There has been a most interest
ing swing of Southern Democrats
just in the last few weeks. Some
of the most radical of them sudden
ly found out something about their
constituents. Notable among the
spectacular reversals of form have
been Senator Hugo L. Black of Ala
bama, and Representative John E.
Rankin of Mississippi.
Not Surprising
Which might not be surprising,
Alabama being regarded mostly as
a very conservative state, econom
ically and socially, except that Sen
ator Black has been the nemesis of
the princes of privilege right from
the day the Roosevelt administra
tion came into power in 1933. It
was Black who fought so vigorously
for the death sentence in the public
utility holding company bill, and
who obtained rather a reputation
as a snooper during the seizure of
private telegrams episode.
Mr. Rankin has held firmly in an
anti-privately owned utility position
several laps ahead of Senator
George W. Norris of Nebraska and
a few more ahead of President
Roosevelt all the way through the
New Deal administration so far.
Both have had some very disturb
ing communications from back
home. They have found that many
of their influential supporters were
far from enthusiastic about the
New Deal. They have discovered
that attacking the Morgans and the
big northern utilities was one thing,
but that forcing little manufacturers
down in their home states to pay
higher wages and grant shorter
hours was something else again.
Senator Ellison D. Smith (Cotton
Ed) of South Carolina voiced the
opinion of a great many southern
ers when he intimated that the
administration, in regulating wages
and hours, was attempting to de
prive the South of the natural ad
vantages that God had given it,
and that the mental attitude of
the New Deal would seem to re
quire them to hold God to strict
accountability for such unfairness!
The South figures that it has a cer
tain economic advantage in cheap
er living costs, and it proposes to
hold on to them!
Puzzles Labor Men
Just why President Roosevelt re
ferred newspaper men the other
day to the British trades unions act
as something worthy of study is
puzzling some of his labor advis
ers no end. Most of the clearest
thinkers among them want no part
of it. Some phases of it they regard
as unnecessary in this country. Oth
er phases they think would be ut
terly unacceptable to employers.
The Scandinavian plan appeals
much more to the particular group
in question, including Edward F.
McGrady. The assistant secretary
of labor is fond of pointing out to
friends that you don’t hear anything
about strikes in Norway and
Sweden.
So far as the British plan is con
cerned, in practical working condi
tions the industry against which a
strike is leveled shuts down until
the strike is settled. No attempt is
made by employers to put scabs
to work, or for that matter to op
erate at all. Just the reverse, of
course, of what has to happen*when
there is a general strike, and what
did happen in England when a gen
eral strike was tried.
The present British law forbids a
general strike, but, as the young
labor experts here point out. that
sort of prohibition is unnecessary
here for the simple reason that
there is no possibility of a general
strike. No labor leader of impor
tance favors the idea. Practically
every one of them would refuse to
co-operate.
The feature of the Scandinavian
labor policy that appeals most to
some of these young labor experts
is that it provides for collective bar
gaining by industries, and on a coun
try-wide basis. Applied to the re
cent motor strikes, it would have
worked in this way. The motor em
ployees would have served notice
on the manufacturers that they
wanted this, or that. They would
have insisted on dealing with all
the manufacturers at once, and con
cluding one bargain for pay, hours
and working conditions for all.
Thus there would have been no
differentials out of which some think
one motor company has a slight
advantage over others in its labor
costs and general efficiency.
Expect It to Help
Just how those advocating this
plan would have handled Henry
Ford in the recent situation is an
unanswered question.
Labor leaders think that the wages
and hours bill, especially after it has
been modified a few times, which
they confidently expect, is going to
prove a great help with a certain
type of employer in labor troubles.
The kind of thing that makes
the labor leaders very low in mind
indeed is what happened, to cite a
recent case, on the Fall River line,
where the steamship line simply
suspended operation after the walk
out and stayed suspended.
Of course this is an unusual case.
Far more usual is the case of an
employer who closes down where
he has been operating, and then
after a while, moves to some oth
er community and resumes busi
ness, usually at lower wages and
longer hours than he was giving his
employees before the strike.
® Bell Syndicate.—WNU Service.
| Life of the
I HoneyBee
How Germans Protect Bee Hives.
How the Honey Bee Lives and
Performs His Very Important Duties
Prepared by National Ge<»Kraphlc Society,
Washington. D. O.—WNU Service.
LITTLE does the average
layman know of the ac
tive life of the honey bee
which in summer is conspic
uous flying from flower to
flower, bearing pollen that
plants may blossom and bear
fruit in season.
The young queen bee, a few
days after leaving the hive
in which she has been born,
selects a day for her wedding
flight. She usually chooses a
clear, warm, quiet day be
cause her honeymoon is
short, and she must make the
most of it. Only when she
leaves the hive with a swarm,
probably a year hence, will
she have another occasion to
fly.
Mating always takes place on the
wing, and if conditions are such
that the queen cannot fly she will
die a virgin. The strongest drone
is her mate, for the queen is a
good flyer, and the weak are thus
eliminated in this wise provision to
maintain the strength and vigor of
the race.
Before the queen has had time to
return to the hive after the mating
flight, the drone will have fallen to
the earth dead.
Because of her specialized duties
and the fact that she does not en
gage in outside work and is not sub
ject to the hazards of weather and
enemies that might prey pon her,
the queen may live to the ripe old
age of three or four years. When
she becomes too old, or when she
can no longer produce queen and
worker bees, or if she becomes ac
cidentally crippled, the bees will
raise another queen to replace her
and for a while both mother and
daughter may work side by side in
the hive. But this arrangement does
not last long. The old queen will
shortly disappear.
The marked differences between
the queen and worker bee, both of
whom come from tire same kind of
fertilized egg, have already been
mentioned. Their difference in be
havior is even more pronounced.
The worker bee is armed with a
straight sting, the end of which is
barbed like a harpoon. When a
worker bee stings, it cannot disen
gage its sting. The violent effort
of tearing itself loose from the well
anchored sting so severely damages
the tissue of its body that it dies
within a few minutes. Normally it
j can sting only once.
When Rival Queens Battle.
The sting of the queen, instead of
being straight and barbed, is
smooth and curved. It is construct
| ed so that it can easily be with
drawn when she uses it. The queen
seemingly does not realize that she
possesses this very effective weap
'• on. She may be picked up and
handled as harmlessly as a kitten.
If the queen gets into the wrong
hive in returning from her mating
flight, a royal battle is sure to en
sue, and the two queens light it out
until death comes to the weaker.
If the queen used her sting indis
criminately, she might easily lose
her life in meeting an enemy with
which she could not cope. If she
were being handled by her keeper
and attempted to free herself by
stinging him, he might instinctively
retaliate by crushing her frail body.
Should he do so, it would Jeopar
dize the future life of the colony,
especially if there were no larvae
in the hive from which a successor
could be raised. For her protection
therefore, she depends upon her
own daughters or sister workers,
who far outnumber her and whose
sacrifice is not so fatal to the well
i being of the colony.
The drone usually is regarded as
a lazy individual, but. after all, he
is the father and is entitled to cer
tain respect. He gathers no food,
i nor does he help defend the family;
he has no tools to collect sweets nor
has he a sting to defend even him
self. During his brief existence,
however, he has certain privileges
not accorded his sisters. He can
safely visit neighboring colonies.
Neither workers nor oueens are ac
cepted in other hives, but during the
breeding season drones are al
lowed to come and go as they please.
Know One Another by Smell.
When the breeding season is over,
and the honeyflow comes to a close,
the bees become more economical
with their food supply, which must
carry them through the long, cold
winter. Then they drive all the
drones from the hives, thus doom
ing them to perish soon for lack of
food and shelter.
The person who can recall the
names and faces of several hun
dred acquaintances is unusual; yet
in a family of 80,000 individuals the
bee instantly recognizes every
member. It is evident that recog
nition is not through the sense of
sight; instead, it is effected by the
more highly developed sense of
smell.
Every colony has a distinctive
family odor, different from that of
every other colony. If a strange
bee attempts to enter a hive, the
guards at the entrance detect its
alien odor and drive it away. When
a colony is divided into two parts, the
parts placed in separate hives and
given queens that are sisters, the
bees in each half develop different
odors. Within a week’s time they
become total strangers to each oth
er. Were the halves united again,
the bees would disregard the exist
ence of any relationship.
It sometimes happens that a bee
keeper unites two or more colonies,
which separately are too weak to
produce a crop or to survive a hard
winter. The usual method is to place
one hive on top of the other, insert
ing a sheet of newspaper between
them. The bees from both sides
gnaw small holes in the paper, and,
in doing so, they “rub noses,” but
the holes at first are not large
enough for the bees on either side to
engage in combat. The apertures
permit the mingling of the odors of
the two units, so that by the time
the holes are large enough for the
bees to pass through, the two parts
have an identical odor. Thus union
takes place peacefully.
If it becomes necessary to place
a new queen in a colony, it is es
sential that she be properly “intro
duced.” The old queen is removed
at least an hour before the new
comer is “presented.” In this in
terval the colony discovers that it
is queenless and it may start con
structing new queen cells.
Even though the colony desires a
queen, it would not do to release
the usurper, because her strange
odor would antagonize the bees and
endanger her life. She is placed in
a wire cage to protect her from as
saults. Although her new subjects
would kill her were she suddenly
released, they feed her by inserting
their tongues through the meshes
of the wire.
Must Store Food for Winter.
Honeybees help perpetuate their
race by their insatiable desire to
gather nectar. Unlike bumblebees,
hornets, yellow jackets, and wasps,
honeybees cannot live from hand to
mouth. They must store enough
food during the summer to keep
the colony alive throughout the win
ter. Of the four other insects just
mentioned, all the individuals in
each colony die at the approach of
winter except the young mated
queens, and these simply crawl into
protected places where they hiber
nate. During this period they re
quire no food.
Among honeybees, only the
drones die in the fall. The queen
and the workers live and are semi
active throughout the winter. It is
important, therefore, to gather
enough food during the summer to
maintain the colony during seasons
when insect activity largely ceases.
At the end of the swarming sea
son, which coincides with the height
of the breeding season, the queen
lays fewer and fewer eggs until fall,
when the rearing of the brood en
tirely ceases. Cold weather has
overtaken the colony by this time,
imposing changes in its organization
to eope with low temperatures. In
dividual honeybees die of chill at
temperatures well above freezing;
in fact, they seldom fly when the
temperature is lower than 45 de
! grees Fahrenheit.
Here's Planned Prettiness
¥ F AUTUMN comes will you be
1 left behind with faded summer
frocks, Madam? No, no, many
times no—that is, not if you will
but accept this cordial invitation
from Sew-Your-Own. It’s the
easy Way to become frock-sure of
chic for yourself and your daugh
ters, as well. So Madam, why not
sew, sew, sew-your-own!
A Dutch Treat.
It isn’t often mother gets a break
(it’s beauty before age, you know)
but this trip she does. Sew-Your
Own has designed, especially for
her, an all-occasion frock (above
left) that’s simply lovely to look
at. If father’s compliments have
become a bit rusty from lack of
use, this frock will bring them
back to their former brightness.
Sweet ’n’ Simple.
It’s a treat, too, for mother when
she finds a dress for Little Sis
that’s as carefully planned as the
captivating model above center.
It gives the growing girl the fluffing
out she needs in the shoulders, and
the prettily flared skirt offers her
graceful poise indoors, plus full
freedom for activity out of doors.
Chic for the G. F.
And a treat for all concerned is
the frock Sew-Your-Own has cre
ated for The Girl Friend. She may
be collegiate, high schoolish, a
steno, mother’s helper, or a young
lady of leisure, but whatever she
is she’ll look the part and prettier
in a take-off on Pattern 1327. It is
new, novel, and easy to sew. It is
undoubtedly the frock to wear ^
An Ode to the Horse
O horse, you are a wonderful
thing—no buttons to push, no
horns to honk, you start yourself,
no clutch to slip, no gears to strip,
no license buying every year with
plates to screw on front and rear;
no gas bills climbing up each day,
stealing joy of life away; no speed
cops chugging in your rear, yield
ing summons in your ear. Your
inner tubes are all O. K., aad,
thank the Lord, they stay that
way. Your spark plugs never miss
and fuss; your motor never makes
us cuss. Your frame is good for
many a mile; your body never
changes style; your wants are
few and easy met—you’ve some
thing on the auto yet.
when your escort, the time, and
the place are important.
The Patterns.
Pattern 1372 is designed for sizes
34 to 46. Size 36 requires 4% yards
ol 35-inch material.
Pattern 1987 is designed for sizes
4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 years. Size 6
requires 2 yards of 35-inch mate
rial, plus % yard contrasting.
Pattern 1327 is designed for sizes
12 to 20 (30 to 38 bust). Size 16 re
quires 4V4 yards of 39-inch mate
rial, plus 3Vfe yards of cord for lac
ing. With long sleeves, 4% yards
required.
Send your order to The Sewing
Circle Pattern Dept., Room 1020,
211 W. Wacker Dr., Chicago, 111.
Price of patterns, 15 cents (in
coins) each.
© Bell Syndicate.—WNU Service.
SEEDS FOR SALE
Alfalfa—$8.00, Clover—$0.00 per bushel.
J. MULHALL
SIOUX CITY - . . IOWA
I
OlOUR TOUJn-lJOUR STORES
I I Otar cttinmunity includes the farm homes surrounding the town.
JJwj The tow(j store* are there for the accommodation and to serve the
people of ouT farm homes. The merchants who advertise “specials” are mer
chants who are sure they can meet all competition in both quality and prices.
I g====== ' ======= a
— • " ■■■.. ■ ■ a i - i.i i -. -... -. .. i ■■■mm
look ,aaary ! \ ( oh, stop shoot/no!
A RAISE! I V IT'S ABOUT T/ME
Ft ME BOCKS I \ YoU Oor A RAISE,
A WEEK / ANYWAY' .
RA/af / ^ '—^
GEE, HONEY, Vou WOOLo! ALL YOU
I THOUGHT THINK ABOUT IS HOW
YOU'D BE GLAD! 75 GET MORE WORK
1 WAS GOING OUT OF ME l NEVER
To Surprise Think about my
You AND BUY HEADACHES AND
that nevv indigestion,
SWEEPER
You've Been an awful killjoy latelY^\
MARY -- WHY DON'T YOU GET RID OF \
Your indigestion ? You know the I
doctor told You coffee-nerves was y
WHY DON'T YOU ^\)j
take the doctor's
ADVICE-- QUIT
COFFEE AND
SWITCH To POSTUIA
For 3o DAYS!
3o days
LATER
<f THEY'VE BEEN S
/LIKE A COUPLE OF J
HoNeYmooners J
SINCE SHE GOT J
C Rid of her /
£INDIGESTION ! J
\ 11/snitching %
MilCro postum
sure did a lota
frank for her l a^l
Many people can safely drink coffee. But
many others —and all children —should
never drink it. If you suspect that the caffein in coffee dis
agrees with you ... try Postum’s 30-day test. Buy a can of
Postum and drink it instead of coffee for a full month.
If...after 30 days...you c'.> not feel better, return the
Postum container top with your name end address to
General Foods, Battle Creek, Mich., and we will refund
purchase price, plus postage! (If you live in Canada, ad
dress General Foods, Ltd., Cobourg, Ont.)
Postum contains no caffein. It is simply whole wheat
and bran, roasted and slightly sweetened. It comes in two
forms...Postum Cereal, the kind you boil or percolate...
and Instant Postum, made instantly in the cup. Econom
ical, easy to make, delicious, hot or iced. You may miss cof
fee at first, but you’ll 1957 KtnJ
soon love Postum SrndiMU. g. p. Cot®., uchoms
for its own rich
flavor. A product of
General Foods. (Offer DON'T BE"A GLOOM
expiree Dec. 31,1937.) DRINK PoSTUM !
» 0ft T. i I