SEEN and HEAR )4
around the -3
NATIONAL CAPITAL!
By Carter Field ^
FAMOUS WASHINGTON CORRESPONDENT J
Washington. — The taxpayers of
the United States are subsidizing the
gold miners of the world. The Treas
ury is paying somewhere between
$2 and $5 an ounce more for gold
than the rest of the world thinks it
is worth. Washington is practically
the only buyer of gold in the world
at the moment, leaving out the
gold actually used in certain in
dustries. The answer is simple. We
are getting all the gold mined in the
world because we are willing to pay
more for it than any one else thinks
it is worth.
The British empire is the chief
beneficiary, as it produces about
55 per cent of the world’s total.
Soviet Russia has risen to second
place, about 28 per cent. There is
nothing picayunish about this sub
sidy. The United States Treasury is
buying right now at the rate of al
most $1,400,000,000 a year.
To make it worse, the govern
ment is highly embarrassed by this
flood of gold. It is so explosive
from the inflationary standpoint that
the Treasury has been "sterilizing"
it To do that the government must
sed short term obligations, on which
it must pay interest, to get the dol
lars to buy the gold it wants to
“sterilize." These short term obliga
tions in themselves tend toward in
flation, but they also tend to boost
interest rates, and in turn to de
press government bond prices.
Both these lead in a vicious circle
towards higher interest rates for
other money the government must
borrow. As the government is now
running on a basis which indicates a
$3,000,000,000 deficit this year, this
situation also is far from picayunish.
Depression of bond prices is a
dangerous signal to all banks, so
the problem is what to do about it.
Would Mean Big Loss
One suggestion, which has raised
cain in the world's money marts
during the last month, is for the
United States to reduce the price
of gold to $32 or even $30 an ounce.
Secretary of the Treasury Henry
Morgenthau Jr., opposes this be
cause of the loss the Treasury would
then take— amounting to more than
one and two-thirds billion dollars.
It is not likely to be accepted.
Another proposal is for the gov
ernment simply to stop buying gild.
Objection is made that this would
throw the rest of the world into a
state of financial jitters. It would
certainly stop a lot of foreign buy
ing of commodities from this coun
try. It is the dollars obtained by
selling gold to the Treasury that
finances these experts in consider
able part.
That solution would seem to fit in,
however, with President Roosevelt’s
views about prices, which in many
instances have soared because of
foreign buying. In fact, it is a solu
tion which is being urged very
strongly, especially as it would in
volve no paper loss to the Treasury.
But it might, say its critics, prove
far too drastic a curb on the boom
which had been pushing prices up
too rapidly. This remedy might be
worse than the disease. Much worse.
It might even be better to continue
paying a subsidy of from $150,000,
000 to $200,000,000 a year to the gold
miners than to risk it.
There is some talk also of a free
gold market once more—letting it
really find its own level. Critics of
that say they are not sure what
would happen if the only big buyer
of the world suddenly stepped out
of the picture. Some even suggest
no other government would care to
buy gold—that it might drop to its
commercial value, with Uncle Sam
holding the bag—just as he did on
silver.
The chief difference between gold
and silver in this subsidy business,
aside from the volume, is that the
Treasury is paying its subsidy only
to silver miners inside the United
States. It is paying most of its gold
subsidy to foreigners.
Big Disappointment
Perhaps the biggest disappoint
ment opponents of President Roose
velt on the Supreme court enlarge
ment plan have had was the special
congressional election in Texas,
where Lyndon B. Johnson, the can
didate one hundred per cent for the
President, was decisively vic
torious.
It was so disappointing because
it was the action of the Texas
legislature, coming so swiftly after
the first announcement of the court
program, which so heartened the
senators and members of the house
who were against '‘tampering" with
the court.
In fact, during the few days that
intervened between the first an
nouncement and the heavy majority
cast in both branches of the Texas
legislature disapproving the Presi
dent’s plan, there was no hope in
Washington on the part of critics
that they could beat it.
But then folks began recalling the
League of Nations fight, which start
ed out with only two open treaty
"killers" and wound up in complete
victory for opponents of the league.
They began hoping that the country
would manifest its opposition in the
same way—that every special elec
tion would show that the people
were against the President.
Outside of the special election for
the legislature in New York state,
however, there have been few signs
pointing in that direction. There
seems to be no doubt that a very
large number of persons are op
poser1 to the President, including not
only those who opposed him in the
last election, but many who warmly
supported the New Deal in that
fight. But there is nothing to prove
that this number of opponents is
formidable enough to force the
switching over of senators now in
tending to vote for the President’s
plan.
Timid Senators
It is necessary to bear in mind,
in appraising the importance of
these signs from the country, that
there are enough senators opposed
to the court enlargement plan to de
feat it by a wide margin if they
dared vote their private sentiments.
One senator from a Middle West
ern state went to one of the leading
opponents, who happens to be a
very forceful orator, and urged that
orator to make a few speeches in
the Middle Western senator’s state.
“If you would Just make that
speech you just made in half a dozen
cities in my state,” said the Middle
Westerner, “I think I would be able
to vote with you on the final roll
call. I think you could convince
enough of my constituents that there
is real danger of a future dictator
ship in this country involved in this
court packing plan to make it safe
for me to go along with you. The
point is that now I am afraid not to
go along with the President."
Most of the senators sitting on the
fence of course are not so frank
about it. But there are very few
sitting on the fence who would not
like to be sure that they could vote
against the President without risk
ing their political futures.
Unfortunately for the President’s
opponents, however, the breaks do
not seem to be going that way.
Which makes the chances of the
President getting his way—unless
retirements should smooth the way
to a compromise—considerably bet
ter than before that Texas special
election.
Justices to Retire
Supreme court "grapevines” are
notoriously unreliable, but here is
one that some of the administration
leaders are highly encouraged
about. It is that at a recent con
ference of the nine justices, two
announced to their colleagues that
at the conclusion of the present
term—early in June—they would re
tire.
Further, the "grapevine” reports
that the two were from the follow
ing three names: Justices Louis D.
Brandeis, Willis Van Devanter and
George Sutherland.
The first of these is beyond ques
tion the most liberal member of the
court, has approved more of the
New Deal’s progressive pieces of
legislation than any other. In fact,
the only two Roosevelt moves he
voted to disapprove were N. R. A.
and the removal of a federal trade
commissioner—William E. Humph
rey.
The other two, Van Devanter and
Sutherland, have almost invariably
voted with the conservative side
when the division was anything like
close. They are exceeded in their
conservatism only by Justice James
Clark McReynolds.
So that retirement of either of
them would swing the court to the
liberal side on all questions which
have been decided against the ad
ministration by five to four de
cisions.
The removal by retirement of
both would swing the court to the
administration side on all decisions
which have been against the pro
posed laws by six to three decisions.
Hand-Picked Successor
The point here is that whether
Justice Brandeis should retire or
not makes no difference in such cal
culations. He practically always
votes liberal anyhow. If he retired
he would be replaced by a hand
picked justice whose whole record
and statements of views would have
been gone over with a fine tooth
comb by New Dealers. So that the
only changes that would really
count would be replacements of
justices listed now on the conserva
tive side, or in the middle of the
road class.
It is also a fact that the end of
the present term of court will come
—in all probability—before the sen
ate can reach a vote on the Su
preme court enlargement bill. Thus
the retirements, providing they are
announced at that time as the
“grapevine” indicates, would sup
ply an excellent excuse for the Pres
ident not to compel the senate to
hold a roll call on the measure at
all.
There is no authority for the
statement that the President would
accept these court changes in lieu
of his proposed bill, but such lead
ers on Capito! Hill as heard about
this “grapevine” express the view
privately that Mr. Roosevelt would
not insist on his bill if the natural
course of events provides this op
portunity to change the economic
complexion of the court without
forcing through a measure which is
so disrupting to his own party lines.
C Bell Syndicate.—WNU Service.
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I *
Browsing Among Books an Outdoor Sport in Boston.
! Prepared by National Geographic Society,
Washington, D. C.—WNlLScrvice.
STUDY Boston from the high
tower of the customhouse. It
looks down on that cobweb
maze of narrow, crooked
streets which marks the "city lim
its" of bygone days, when cows
grazed on the Common and clipper
ships traded with China and Bom
bay.
In the shadow of modern struc
tures squat many old-style shops
and "countinghouses,” already
weather-beaten when John Hancock
was governor. To Boston these are
more than obsolete architecture;
they are symbols of her busy, au
dacious youth when she built and
sailed our first merchant fleet.
Modern Boston sprawls over more
than 1,000 square miles and counts
some 2,300,000 people in her metro
politan district. Much of that is in
the pattern of other American cities.
But the old Boston, so like parts of
ancient London, is unique in the
United States.
Come down from the tower now
and see how certain of these streets
are devoted to a particular enter
prise. This one smells of hides and
leather; along that one you see only
the gilded signs of shoe manufactu
turers. One section smells of fish,
another of wool, and here is a wharf
fragrant with bananas.
Tu,rn up the hill toward the vener
able Transcript, with its columns of
genealogy, and you smell newsprint,
fresh ink, roasting coffee, and sec
ond-hand books stacked in the open
air—any book from Gray’s “Elegy”
to “Anthony Adverse.”
Even the odd wording of sign
boards harks back to earlier days.
"Victualers License,” "Spa,” “Pro
tection Department,” not fire depart
ment, and street-car signs in quaint,
stilted English.
Old trades cling to old places. The
Old Oyster House, live lobsters wrig
gling in its window tanks, stands
just as it was a hundred years ago.
Aged Carver of Pipes.
Before a window at 30 Court street
crowds watch a wrinkled artist
carve pipes. At eighty-seven, wear
ing no glasses, he works as skill
fully as when he began, seventy
years ago. Monk, Viking, and In
dian heads, skulls, lions, dogs—he
makes them all.
Give him your picture and he
will cut its likeness on a meer
schaum bowl. For a Kentucky horse
man he carved the image of that
rider’s favorite mount; he even
carved the “Battle of Bunker Hill”
with 50 brier figures on one big
pipel
Five workmen in pipe stores here
abouts have a total service of more
than 200 years. “A man is on trial
until he has been here 25 years” is
a favorite joke in one shop.
Quietly another o 1 d sculptor
works, making “ancient” idols, rel
lics of the Stone Age, even a "petri
fied man” for a circus in Australia!
Turn back and walk through the
cathedral-like First National bank
and look at its compelling murals,
with their dramatic themes of
merchant adventures by land and
sea or study the fascinating exhibit
of historic ships’ models in the
State Street Trust company.
Then talk with men whose fam
ilies for generations have helped
shape Boston’s destiny, and you be
gin to sense what significant events,
affecting all America, are packed
in her 300 years of history.
Boston cash and engineering skill
built several of the great railway
systems of America. Chicago stock
yards, to a large degree, were built
by men from Boston. She founded
the great copper-mining industry in
our West; she was the early home
of many corporations, famous now
in the annals of finance, foreign
trade, construction, and manufac
turing.
It was Boston brains and money
that started the great telegraph and
telephone systems that now girdle
the globe. Miraculously, almost,
she turned the jungles of Central
America and the Caribbean isles
into vast banana plantations, and
built up the greatest fruit industry
j the world knows.
Bostonians Pioneered West.
From Boston went groups of
thrifty, energetic men to share in
I the conquest of the West. To Kansas,
especially, many colonists were sent
by the Massachusetts Emigrant Aid
company to circumvent the rise of
another slave state under the Kan
sas-Nebraska act.
Lawrence, Kansas, is named for
art old Boston family, and many a
budding Midwest factory town drew
its first artisans from that national
training school for skilled mechan
ics which is New England.
Descendants of these pioneers
form part of the army of 2,000,000
visitors, more or less, who flock
back to Boston each season and
swarm out to the historic towns
about it. They want to see the old
places where their ancestors lived,
and spots famous in the annals of
early days: Bunker Hill monument;
Faneuil hall; the site of the Boston
Tea Party; Old North church; Paul
Revere’s house; the tomb of Mother
Goose; the site of the Boston Mas
sacre; the sacred codfish in the
Statehouse; and near-by Plymouth
Rock, Concord, and Lexington, and
the Witch House at Salem.
Today Boston prints more books
than when she was pre-eminently a
"literary center.” Manuscripts pour
in to her editors. Novels, carloads
of dictionaries, and schoolbooks in
Spanish and English, Sanskrit and
Eskimo, are shipped from here, of
ten to markets as remote as Bagh
dad.
Her Golden Age of letters, when
Emerson, Hawthorne, Longfellow,
Whittier, Holmes and Lowell used
to frequent the Old Corner Book
Store, passed with the rise of New
York as a market for manuscripts.
But curious visitors still seek out
Emerson’s old home at Concord;
they prowl through the country
house of Louisa M. Alcott—admis
sion 25 cents—and drop a tear for
“Little Women.” For another 25
cents they see the “House of Seven
Gables” at Salem.
In American letters Dana’s “Two
Years Before the Mast,” Melville’s
“Moby Dick” or “Typee,” and the
brilliant historical work of Prescott,
Parkman, Fiske, and Bancroft must
long endure, as will other names,
from Edward Everett Hale, author
of “The Man Without a Country,”
and Julia Ward Howe, who wrote
"The Battle Hymn of the Republic,”
to Thoreau and John Boyle O’Reilly.
From Boston still come important
magazines for both adults and
youths. But it is the stupendous
output of textbooks which astonishes.
You can imagine the volume when
you stop to think that between 25
and 30 million American children
alone are enrolled in schools; that
they must have some 70,000,000
books when schools open each Sep
tember, and that Boston is one of
the chief textbook-producing cen
ters in the world.
World Center for Textbooks.
“There are many schoolbooks,”
said an official of a publishing com
pany, “whose sales make that ol
a popular novel look diminutive.
They are handled not in dozens of
boxes, but in carloads of 40,000
pounds each.
“While some of our novels, ‘Uncle
Tom’s Cabin’ and ‘Rebecca of Sun
nybrook Farm,’ for example, have
sold more than half a million each,
our little school pamphlets such
as ‘Evangeline’ and ‘The Courtship
of Miles Standish' have sold at the
rate of a million a year.
“The task of getting sufficient
schoolbooks ready to meet the sud
den demand every September, when
orders come in at the last minute by
wire, means that publishers usually
begin printing these books as long
as ten months ahead.”
“Books made in Boston are sent
everywhere that English is used in
schools," said another publisher.
“More than that; in translation, they
go to scores of foreign lands. Re
cently orders came from Baghdad
for thousands of our Craig’s ‘Path
ways in Science.’ Arabic transla
tions of Brcasted’s ‘Ancient Times’
and a number of our other books
are used in the schools of Iraq. Not
long ago we granted the govern
ment of Iraq permission to translate
Caldwell and Curtis’ Introduction to
Science’ into Arabic.
“You know that the British Isles
are a citadel of the classics. We
feel gratified, therefore, that our
series, ‘Latin for Today’ is now in
wide use in Scotland and England.
These volumes are the authorized
books in New Zealand and at least
one of the states of Australia, be
sides being much used in South Af
rica.
"Latin America is today using
carloads of Boston textbooks. They
are Spanish readers, geographies,
arithmetics, hygiene books, al
gebras, geometries, and others.
“In Ottawa I saw a wall map
with tiny flags that marked the
sites of Indian schools; many were
up within the Arctic Circle. All these
schools use our books. This summer
we had to hurry one new book
through for publication early in Au
gust so we might get it to these
schools before ice closed naviga
tion to the Far North.”
If-1
“I Want My Man”
By MARTHA SAMPSON
© McClure Newspaper Syndicate.
WNU Service.
THE town gossip, known as “Old
Ironsides” because of her heavy
steel braces, seated herself in the
cane rocker in Mrs. Jones’ kitchen.
“Don’t you just love the smell of
newly-baked bread?” she asked ex
uberantly, her beady black eyes
swimming richly and her heavy
face beaming.
“Yes,” replied the demure Mrs.
Jones, lifting a pan of bread from
the stove. “But I’m rather glad to
see this is the last loaf.”
“Yes, I suppose you are,” sym
pathized the gossip. “Now you can
sit down and rest a while and we’ll
chat a bit about things.”
Little Mrs. Jones seated herself
very gently on the edge of a kitchen
chair while “Old Ironsides” rocked
expectantly. Mrs. Jones turned her
head undecidedly for a few mo
ments, and then began: “I think it’s
a shame the way the girls carry on
today. Why, you’d never believe
how silly they are until you have
one of your own. Take that Sadie
of mine, now—why, from morning
till night that child hasn’t a sen
sible thing in her head. She gets up
in the morning with just a few min
utes to spare; she slips on a few
flimsy rags and plasters on some
paint and calls herself clothed. She
drinks a cup of coffee and chews
a bit of toast and calls herself fed;
and then she rushes qff to the train
as fast as her spindle legs can take
her. She goes into the office and
types all day; but I doubt if she puts
a moment’s thought on her work;
it’s all on parties and dances. I don’t
see how she can give a respectable
day’s work to her boss. And the
hussy tells me all the girls are the
same.” This was Mrs. Jones’ usual
tale of woe, and when she concluded
it, she heaved a sigh of relief.
The buxom gossip leaned forward
on her elbows. “It’s a fact; that’s
all they do. I’ve been around to
all the ladies of the neighborhood
and they’re all complainin’. Now
take that daughter of yourn, what is
she aimed for? It’s a shore thing
she ain’t following no career or
studyin’ for no profession. Her mot
to is that of the rest of the shop and
office girls, ‘I want my man.’
“Take that Ellie Brown from
down the road away. She was one
of those office girls, trottin’ off to
the city every day, runnin’ out to
dances and parties. She kept going
pretty fast—too fast, according to
some of the stories that were going
around, outlandish stories that I
wouldn’t have told of no kith nor
kin of mine; and I’m glad I ain’t
got no chick or child in these wild
times—but she managed to hook up
with this Jimmy fellow, and let
me tell you that this Jimmy boy is
about the same type, travels fast
and light-hearted.
“They’re all up to it. It ain’t like
it use tuh be when we was young.
But the certain shame of it is that
these wild girls get the men. Now
if for some reason they stopped get
ting the men, they’d tone down a
bit; but with the men coming free
and easy, everything's hunky-dory
with them.”
“Yes,” sighed Mrs. Jones. "I sup
pose it’s all true. I suppose that’s
all Sadie’s aiming for; and she
doesn’t care about anything else.
But I’m anxious as to whether or
not she’ll get a decent man—you
hear so much about these heart
breaking sheiks now-a-days, and
with the girls as frivolous as they
are, goodness knows \Vhat’s going
to happen to them. They’d just as
soon run off with any man that
stares at them even though it’s only
a glass eye he’s staring with.”
“Indeed!” broke in “Old Iron
sides,” “I know of one young lady
who saw a man in the subway she
thought she’d like to know. Of
course, she couldn’t speak to him.
But this young lady had a queer
habit, unconscious, you know, of
blinking her eyes, very catchingly,
too; and, my land, that man fol
lowed her for some stations and
then spoke to her and today he’s
married to her. Queer!—Queer
world!” And the old gossip shook
her heavy head.
"I’ll admit there isn’t much for
mality to the present generation.
They point at things and babble at
the top of their voices. I asked
Sadie one day, ‘Why do you talk so
loud?’ and she came right back in
a voice that would startle a mule,
‘Oh, ma. how am I gonna make
myself heard in a wee, quiet voice
when everybody else is screeching
at the top of their voices?’
“I know several young fellows
that I’d like to have interested in
Sadie. But she doesn’t take to the
idea of me fixing it up for her. She
says, ‘Let me pick my own. Those
of yourn are dead ones.’ I do hope
she does pick out a good man.”
The conversation was interrupted
by the slamming of the front door.
There was a stirring of two pairs
of feet, a whispered conference.
Then a girl’s voice broke out, “Oh,
ma’s a darling.”
"Why,” gasped Mrs. Jones,
"that’s Sadie. So early in the aft
ernoon. Something must be up. Oh,
I hope it‘s nothing serious.”
The curtains between the kitchen
] and the living room was spread
I apart and Sadie’s head appeared
with tousled hair and rouged cheeks.
"Oh, mom, I want you to meet Mr.
Munton,” throwing wide the cur
tain, “my husband. We were mar
ried this afternoon.”
AROUND
the HOUSE
Items of Interest
to the Housewife
• 'fit * • it
Boiling Old Potatoes—Old pota
toes sometimes turn black during
boiling. To prevent this add a
squeeze of lemon juice to the wa
ter in which they are boiled.
¥ * *
To Remove Threads. — When
basting sewing material, try plac
ing the knots of the thread on
the right side. They will be easier
to pull out when the garment is
finished.
* * ♦
Stuffed Orange Salad — Allow
one orange for each person to be
served. Cut through the skin
three-quarters of the way down in
inch strips, being careful not to
break the strips apart. Remove
orange pulp and cut in neat dice.
Combine with pineapple and
grapefruit, dice and fill orange
shell with mixture. Drop a spoon
Ask Me Another
0 A General Quiz
© Bell Syndicate.—WNU Service.
1. Where are the “pillars of
Hercules”?
2. What Greek god correspond
ed to the Roman Jove or Jupiter?
3. What is “earmarked” gold?
4. What is an amoeba?
5. What article of the Constitu
tion set up the Supreme court?
6. What Napoleonic general be
came king of Sweden and Nor
way?
7. What is a tidal bore?
8. What Supreme court decision
was disregarded by Lincoln?
9. Was the art of camouflage
first used in the World war?
10. What is the largest country
in the world?
11. What section of the country
has the heaviest automobile
travel?
12. What states designate them
selves as commonwealths rather
than states?
Answers
1. On either side of the Straits
of Gibraltar.
2. Zeus.
3. Gold held by a bank or treas
ury for account of another.
4. A microscopic, single-celled
animal.
5. Article III.
6. Bernadotte.
7. A high-crested wave caused
by the meeting of tide.;, or a tide
and a river.
8. The decision holding uncon
stitutional Lincoln’s suspension of
the writ of habeas corpus.
9. No. Maine historical records
show that the art was practiced
by the St. Francis Indians prior
to the American Revolution.
10. Russia. It has an area of
8,144,228 square miles.
11. The American Automobile
association says that the area
around New York city has the
heaviest traffic in the United
States. The entire length of route
No. 1 carries the greatest volume
of traffic in this country.
12. Massachusetts, Pennsyl
vania, Kentucky and Virginia.
ful of heavy mayonnaise on top
of each salad and garnish with a
maraschino cherry. Another good
mixture for stuffing the orange
shells is a combination of orange
sections, dates stuffed with cream
cheese and nut meats. Mask with
mayonnaise.
• * •
Left-Over Liver—Liver that is
left over can be converted into an
excellent sandwich filling if it is
rubbed through a sieve, well sea
soned, and moistened with a lit
tle lemon juice and melted butter.
• * *
Cleaning Wood-Work—To clean
badly soiled wood, use a mixture
consisting of one quart of hot wa
ter, three tablespoons of boiled
linseed oil and one tablespoon of
turpentine. Warm this and use
while warm. ,
* * •
Washing Table Silver—Much of
the work of polishing table silver
can be saved if the silver is
placed in hot soapsuds immedi
ately after being used and dried
with a soft clean cloth.
Melting Chocolate—Chocolate is
easy to burn, and for that reason
should never be melted directly
over a fire. Melt it in the oven
or over a pan of hot. water.
* * *
Hanging Pictures—Is your pic
ture hanging on a nail which
keeps breaking the plaster and so
falling out? Before you put the
nail in next time, fill the hole with
glue, the plaster will not crumble.
* * *
Jelly Sauce—One glass jelly
(crab-apple, red currant, grape,
etc), quarter cup hot water, one
tablespoon butter, one tablespoon
flour. Add hot water to jelly and
let melt on stove. Heat butter
in saucepan, add flour and grad
ually hot jelly liquid. Cook until
smooth and serve hot over almost
any pudding.
* * *
Butterscotch—Two cups brown
sugar, foui tablespoons molasses,
four tablespoons water, two table
spoons butter, three tablespoons
vinegar. Mix ingredients in sauce
pan. Stir until it boils and cook
until brittle when tested in cold
water. Pour in greased pan. Cut
into squares before cool.
WNU Service.
DON'T TAKE I
CHANCES I
INSIST ONI
GENUINE [
OCEDARf
, Don’t you accept substitutes! |
Y O-Cedar Polish protects
\ and preserves your furni
Y ture. Insist on genuine
O-Cedar, favorite
the world
over for
30 years.
• • •
TIME TO CHANGE
• 4
Your car, too, feels the stir of Spring
and needs a change. Follow this treat
ment. Have your dealer drain the old
Winter oil. Give it the best Spring
tonic...a refill of QuakerState Motor
Oil of the correct Summer grade.
Then, you will...
rTfTrTTa*!
GO FARTHER
BEFORE YOU NEED A QUART
Quaker State Oil Refining Corp.,
Oil City, Pennsylvania
Retail price, 35 i a quart