The Frontier D. EL Cronin, Editor and Proprietor ‘ Metered at the Postoffice at O’Neill, Nebraska, as Second Class Matter Qme Year, in Nebraska £2.01) One Year, outside Nebraska 2.2ft Every subscription is. regarded as aa open account. The names of subscribers will be instantly re reeved from our marling list at ex piration of time paid for, if pub lisher shall be notified; otherwise the subscription remains in force at the designated subscription price. Bvery subscriber must understand that these conditions are made a part of the contract between pub lisher and subscriber. ADVERTISING RATES Display advertising is charged for on a basis of 26c an inch (one rohunn wide) per week. Want ads 19c per line, first insertion, sub sequent insertions, 6c per line. County Superintendents Favor Continuing High School Normal Training By County Superintendent For several years there has been a move on to defeat the normal training high schools- This move for the most part originated in areas accessible to state normal school and universities. Ia an open discussion meeting of the County Superintendents associ ation, J. C. Mitchell, Director of Secondary Education, voiced the sentiment of the State Superin tendent’s office. Mr. Mitchell laud ed the normal training schools of the State of Nebraska, coming to their defense he stated that the time was not yet ripe for the dis continuance of the normal training schools. The matter was brought before the county superintendents later in the form of a motion. The group was nearly unanimous in favor of their continuation. A general ap plause followed the discussion. Talking as he did, Mr. Mitchell assured us that we were in no im mediatedanger of having our norm al training schools abolished. He farther stated that until financial conditions were better we could not expect teachers with two or four years of college work to accept wages as low as thirty dollars per month, Mr. Mitchell pointed out that the compensation for teacher’s train ing was a greut deal lower than that of other corresponding pro fessions, stating that teachers were unable to live on the money they saved from their wages, throwing them on their parents for support during the summer months. Summarizing the content of his speech he repeated that college training at the present time was not versatile enough for rural schools. As a corrective meusure the normal schools would have to more nearly meet the requirments of rural schools. We people here in Holt county should deeply appreciate the ef forts of the state department in preserving our normal training schools. It will make it possible for high school graduates to secure teaching position s.\vithout a year of college preparation. In asserting himself as he did, he said that they have had. no qaairel with the state normal schools, that their only wish was that they could continue to make it possible for many to secure certi ficates who would be unable to if normal training was discontinued. PROJECT CLUBS HAPPY HOUR PROJECT CLUB The Happy Hour Project Club met at the home of Mrs. Bernard Hynes on December 14. The lead en discussed the topic of the day. There was one visitor present. A delicious lunch was served. The next meeting will be held at the home of Mrs. John Hynes. ASH GROVE CLUB Members, numbering nine, met with Mrs. Ralph Phillips on Wed nesday, December 16. A cold and frosty “baked, bean and hot coffee” day, nearing the shortest one of the year, therefor following our repast, the fairies disposed of the skeletons and the dishes, allowing the Club to proceed with the busi ness of the day. Distribution of Christmas gifts, arrangements for a mid-holiday party, the lesson and installation of new members and adjournment to meet with Mrs. George Rector on anuary 20th. WOODMAN CIRCLE The Junior Woodman Circle en joyed a Christmas party at the home of Mrs. G. A. Miles. Gifts were exchanged and games were played, after which a dainty lunch eon was served by the hostess. Officers were also elected for the new year as follows: Doris Scofield guardian; Ilene Kelley, past guard ian; Genevieve Graves, advisor; Donna Jean Marcellus, chaplain; Dlurere Loy, clerk; Gordon Hiatt, attendant; Richard Tibbett, assist ant attendant; Keith Vincent, out er sentinal; Bill O’Connell, inner sentinal; Margaret Jean Yantzi musician. BUSY HOUR CLUB The Busy Hour club met at the home of Mrs. John Miller on Dec 18. All members were present ex cept Mrs. Gray who we hear is able to get around a little now, and we hope will be with us soon. There was one visitor present, Stella Van Every. After the election of of ficers for the coming year the afternoon was spent with games and in the unwaapping of presents as old Santa had remembered all. A nice lunch was served by the hostess. The next meeting will be on Jan. 28 at the home of Mrs. John Schmohr. PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH Sunday School: Junior Depart ment 9:00; other departments at 10:00. Morning Worship 11:00—“Build the Walls.” Evening Service 7:30—This will be a Panel Service on the subject of New Years. Music by the choirs for both services. H. D. Johnson, Pastor. METHODIST CHURCH NOTES Sunday school 10 a. m. Morning worship 11a, m., spec ial music by the choir. Vocal solo by Lewis Cambre. Sermon sub ject, “Opportunities of Another Year.” Epworth League 0:30 Evening service 7:30. Y’oung peoples choir. Sermon subject, “Another Chance." Meeting for Making Agriculture Plans Rural electrification and pump ir rigation, two lively rural discus sion topics now, will receive major attention at thq, annual organized agriculture meetings at the college nf agriculture early in January. Both will be discussed pro and con by farmers and authorities on the farm equipment association pro gram. While definite plans for the dis cussion of these two topics were being completed, it was assured that the University of Nebraska band will make an appearance on the general session Thursday, Jar 7. Directed by Billy Quick, thi musical organization has gaine< fame as being the best college bam in the country. The group will b in full Press for the event. Meanwhile plans progressed fo holding the annual small grail utility show during the week. Im proved varieties of oats, barley am wheat will be on exhibition. The New Cars Are Out Last month the automobile show! were held thruout the country. The new cars are more beautifu in design and finish than ever be fore. They offer much in the waj of improvements and gadgets Their power plants deliver stagger ing performance—you can pus! the throttle down and run up t< eighty or ninety m. p. h. without trouble—so far as the mechanics of your car are concerned. However, the emphasis on speed has been productive of one of the gravest national “troubles” Amer ica has known—the growing ac cident toll. And the driver who thinks that seventy is safe because it seems as slow as thirty used to, should think again. Silent engine performance won’t help if we encounter a cement guard rail at high speed. Effortless steer ing won't make a head-on crash less destructive. Lack of vibration won’t help the undertaker patch us together after the wrecking crew gets the body out with blow torches. But these modern cars are mag nificent examples of safety-engin eering—blue-print safety. Brakes stop a hurtling machine in amaz ingly short distance, without sway or shock. All steel bodies will take a lot of punishment without serious damage. Steering mechanisms are next to fool proof. And the tire manufacturers have done their bit by reducing the blow-out hazard to a minimum. Yet each year's safety improve ments have been followed by more accidents, not fewer accidents— and by more serious accidents—not less serious accidents. Why? Be cause we, the motoring public, have overestimated the safety factor of [he new cars, just as we have over estimated the safety factor of wid er, better surfaced highways. The ears and the roads are improved— NEBRASKA PETROLEUM INDUSTRIES COMMITTEE Press Statement of Frank S. Henline, Lincoln, assistant secre tary. The rupid growth in the cost of special additional taxes paid by motor vehicle owners and other consumers of gasoline, and the rising cost of taxation imposed upon the activities and products of the petroleum industry itself, has forced, oil men throughout the country to organize for the pro tection of ther customers and themselves. Their activity repre senths no attempt to dodge fair und reasonable taxation, but is a nationwide movement for tax jus tice, economical government, and effective administration of public revenue. Oil men, forming Petroleum In dustries Committees in every state and county, are prepared to work with other organizations of tax payers which believe that reduction in the costs of government and the establishment of sound spending policies are essential to good gov ernment, They are becoming active not only because in the past fifteen years petroleum taxes have been several times petroleum earn ings, but also because taxes paid by the industry's customers largely have offset the extensive reductions in the price of petroleum products which the industry has made through scientific progress and improved methods. These oil men, like their custom ers, believe that excessive gasoline tax rates should be reduced to reasonable levels, and that the rev enue be used for the original and only justifiable purpose of the tax —the construction, improvement, and maintenance of the highways. This tax cost our customers more than $800,000,000 in 1935 alone. In Nebraska gasoline tax col lections amounted to more than $80,000,000 covering the period from 1925, when the gasoline tax went into effect to July 1, 1936. Only two-thirds of our present six cent gasoline tax is intended for roads although the need for better “Farm to Market” roads is very urgent. From 1919 through 1935 our cus tomers (entire U. S.) have paid more than $3,618,000 in gasoline taxes, yet barely 360,000 of the 1,000,000 miles of road in this country have been even improved Some states have used a large part of the gasoline tax revenue for other than roads. Others have repeatedly increased gasoline tax rates, and have spent the revenue upon unnecessarily expensive roads. Since 1932 the federal gov ernment also has imposed a gaso line tax, which must be paid by our customers in addition to state gaso line taxes. These duplicating levies on motor fuel now constitute a retail sales tax averaging 46 per cent in Nebraska, but in some cases costing more than the gasoline it self. They cost the average motor ist nearly $35.00 a year in addition to all other automotive taxes he pays. We regard federal gasoline tax as an invasion of the states’ tax field and believe it should be elim inated, especially since the income is not earmarked for roads. We contend that state gasoline taxes should be imposed at reasonable rates, so that it will be welcomed and paid willingly, and so that it will be renumerative ami cause no loss or expense to the states thru tax-evasion. Since farmers pay one-fourth, or more, of the gaso line tax bill, it is only fair that these long-term highway programs which must be based upon com prehensive traffic surveys, shoulc include low-cost farm to-markd and secondary “service” roads. Recent studies of the U. S. Bu reau of Public roads show tha every $1.00 spent upon roads in itiates a movement which result; in the distribution of $3.15 foi material and wages in twenty-foui different industries* Every floui men put to work on roads create; jobs for seven additional men ii industries which supply road-build ing material, equipment and ser vice. By spending the revenui from reasonable taxes for econ omical, planned roads over a lonj period, we automatically and inex pensively promote highway pro gress, reduce unemployment am inaugurate trade activity. Oi men everywhere have welcomed th; taxation of gasoline to financ< roads. But they insist that th> tax be reasonable, and the mono; raised spent only for roads. . ami so we take the chances that 3 lead to disaster. 1 The new, super-performing cars 1 are out. Maybe you are lucky ; enough to be able to buy one. Have a good time with it—but treat it * with respect and remember that i 36,000 people'die and many times • more are injured and maimed on 1 our streets and highways every year. Don’t add to that list. TRUE COOPERATIVES Considerable misapprehension as 1 to the functions and financial set up of agricultural cooperatives ! seems to exist in the public mind. There is a feeling, for example, that a co-op its financed by govern ment, and babied along with the aid of public largesse. There may be cooperatives of which this is true—but they are not the true farm cooperatives that represent the collective production and marketing efforts of the pro ducers of an area. These agricul tural producers put up their money to establish their organizations. They hire their managers and they take all the risks. Thus, if the cooperative manage ment is capable, the members re ceive the economic benefits. If it is incompetent, the members take the loss. There is no financial Santa Claus to help them. Such producer cooperatives are business-like in set-up and in op eration. They apply proven busi ness principles to the problems of agriculture. THE NEBRASKA SCENE by James R. Lowell Nebraska has sacrificed during !the depression to keep its schools] up to standard, and the state educa tional system is a source of pride to most inhabitants of the state. A primary subject in the legisla ture next month will be any action taken in connection with the schools, and the present indications are that considerable legislation will be introduced anent schools and education. The Nebraska state teachers as sociation is recommending creation of a state department to “adminis ter the business of our state schools endowment, lands and funds.” Also recommended are a request for the unicameral to order a “com plete audit of educational lands and funds from the time of its organ ization to Dec. 31, 1936,” and leg islative and court action to “stop the diversion of fines, fees and license monies which by constitu tional provision belong to the state school funds.” State Superintendent Taylor, who was defendant in a recent suit in which the supreme court found that certain new liquor licenses collect ed under the state liquor law should go to the county or school district in which the license was paid in stead of the state school board, has put the issue up to the legislature rh is will mean increased money for school districts if the legislature Follows up the dictates of the court. As concerns federal aid to the states, the teachers lay down the Following recommendations: 1. Appropriations should be made directly by congress to the states. 2. The funds should be distrib uted to the states by methods pre scribed by law and not at the dis cretion of any federal official. 3. The states, in turn, should use these funds in accordance with their respective constitutions and statutes in whatever nvay in their judgment will best serve th eedu ional needs of their people. 4. Administration, supervision and control of education should be specifically reserved for the states and denied to all federal officials and agencies. A state system of retirement for teachers based on sound actur ial principles ana supported by con tributions from the state and par ticipating teachers is also urged. The “right of the pupil to learn and the right of the teacher to guide in learning about the facts in and around our evolving social order,” also is demanded by the teachers. Teachers also want the state to know “that a teacher after being employed by a board, shall be con sidered re-elected from year to year unless dismissed by a majority of the board.” Representatives of Nebraska ed ucational institutions are drafting legislative requirements for a draft requiring all teachers to have two years college training before elig ible for an instructional position. The proposed bill would discon :inue high school normal training Instruction. Rural teachers now ire required to have only 3rd grade certificates, obtainable after two years of high school normal train ng. Nebraska county superintendents nave expressed favor of continuing normal training courses in high schools “until such time as econ nmic permit would allow teachers with two years of college work tjO J be placed.” f A new record of success with op eration of the parole system In Ne braska penal institutions has been set up during the last biennium. Violations figured less than 9 per cent—“the lowest in history of-the pardon board.” Of the 39 parole violations dur ing the last two years, 31 have been returned. There were 338 parole? granted by the board and 135 com munications. A total of 997 prison ers were discharged from the peni tentiary, the reformatory fo ‘ 1 • \ The ceaseless surge of progress has obliterated local boundaries. Horizons have broadened tre mendously. Today the interests ot every one oi us » extends far beyond the confines of our town, our country or our state. If we are to keep in tune with the times, we must be informed upon national and world developments. If we are to have relief from the seriousness of life, from the fast and furious pace at which we are moving, we also need to be amused . . . entertained. To meet these requirements of today’s reading public, to give you a newspaper of which you as well as ourselves—may be proud, we have command eered the resources of the world’s oldest and largest i newspaper syndicate. By this means we are able to bring you information and entertain $raent from all parts of the globe. Truly, through this arrangement, the world’s ever-changing picture is focused . right into your easy chair. Do not think for a minute that we are overlooking i your deep interest in news about neighbors and friends ... in the day-to-day happenings in our own commu nity. You may be sure that these events will always be 1 ( | . t t reported completely and accurately. But, supplementing the thorough local news coverage, > ; i ‘ ! you will find in every issue a large number of excellent; features of the same high type as those carried by the > nation’s leading metropolitan dailies. Some of America’s best known and most popular writers ’ and artists provide these features. Here are a few of them: FLOYD | GIBBONS I tie is the ace of 1 reporters ... a 1 world - famous ! tieadline hunter I tnd globe trotter, radio favorite and .v p r correspond ent. Gi b o o n s' Adven turers' Club” tells thrill ing true-me experiences mai or 1 dinary people encounter in every ■ walk of ’Ife. It’s something dif r ferent! CHERIE NICHOLAS She it. a nation ally-known au thority on wom | en’s dress and current fashion | who offers com | plete information on these topics. Women rely on r'horio for accurate details of the new est fashions. She watches styles of the world closely and gives feminine readers advance tips. ARTHUR BRISBANE Here is the best Known, most highly-paid editor and news com mentator in America, a man whose column is respected throughout the nation. Pennlo read Brisbane’s “This Week" with confidence, fc .* he writes in simple, understandable and ef fective language. CARTER FIELD A brief, clear pic ture of latest de velopments at the nation’s focal point is offered by Carter Field, veteran Washing ton correspond ent whose inti mate knowledge of politics makes him especially capable for this tr.sk. He is one of America’s “top” Washington observers. .. ■ * t • s ' * • i. * . ri' ! These Writers Contribute Every Week to The 1 - §