SEENand HEAR
around the
NATIONAL CAPITAL
By Carter Field
FAMOUS WASHINGTON CORRESPONDENT
IP .*» r-," - •>
Washington. — A11 this huUabaloo
about building up the Republican
party is fair enough so far as Na
tional Chairman John D. M. Ham
ilton is concerned, but it won’t
amount to much for some time to
come. The answer is very simple.
There can be no party worthy of
the name—in opposition to the Roos
evelt New Deal Democratic com
bination—until some very sizable
segment of that conglomeration in
surges.
Obviously, to win an election
the candidate of the opposition
party must have something like six
million votes that were cast for
Roosevelt. It is all very well to
point back t > what John J. Raskob,
Jouett Shouse and Charles Michel
son did to Herbert Hoover by start
ing their barrage early in 1929. The
two cases are not comparable.
Even that machine gun nest was
not set up until the Jun'* after Hoov
er’s inauguration Most people seem
tc have forgotten that.
When the Michelson publicity
machine went into action against
Hoover there ha<* been any number
of important developments. For one,
Hoover had selected his cabinet,
and a very weak one i. was. For
another, he had made most of his
major appointments, and had ig
nored, with just a single exception,
i.11 the men who had led the revolt
against A1 Smith in the South.
More Important, he had set forth
his farm policy, which pleased
neither the farmers nor the rugged
individualists. The utter failure of
it was written so plainly in the
heavens in tune, 1929, that it did
not require a seventh son, nor even
a Michelson, to discern it
A Rallying Point
Still more important. Hoover had
already surrendered to the old
guard tariff leaders of the house
and senate. He had started off, like
William Howard Taft, wanting a
moderate revision on Just a few
items. By the time Michelson went
into action he had agreed to a gen
eral tariff revision.
That one thing gave the Demo
crats a rallying point—an Mssue.
Added to it was the sincere regret
of so many southern and border
state Democrats that they had been
swayed by religious prejudice, es
pecially when they saw Hoover go
ing so strongly against their tradi
tional policies, and with so little rec
ognition of the aid in electoral votes
the South had given him.
The whole point now is that the
opposition to hoosevelt cannot get
fairly started—cannot certainly use
publicity with any intelligence—can
not even start to build up an organ
ization until it flnds out where Roos
evelt is going from here—what
the prospects appear to be for is
sues on which the curious combina
tion of elements, many ol them op
posed to each other in selflsh in
terests, may make the campaign
four years hence.
Many things will be much clearer
In six months. Many more in a
year. But lacking a soothsayer,
Chairman Hamilton is up against a
pretty tough job for the moment.
Presumably he would build up an
organization new whicn will stand
for all the things that Governor Alf
M. London advocated in the cam
pi ign, and against all the things
the New Deal stands for. Such a
battle is obviously hopeless. Be
sides, very few leaders ure really
leaders. They follow the pack. And
the pack has not started moving
yet!
No Encore on Tugwell
Despite the warmth of President
Roosevelt’s letter accepting the res
ignation of Dr. Rexford Guy Tug
well, it is highly improbable that
the professor will be called back to
serve the administration. Had Tug
well left to become president of the
University of Wisconsin the situa
tion just might have been different.
Calling him back from a university
post would involve no complications.
But Tugwell now frankly Joins the
ranks of the economic royalists. No
one, not even his sharpest critics,
and he has plenty of them, suspects
that Tugwcll's viewpoint will be
warped by this contact—any more
than any one suspects that the Roos
evelt administration will change its
attitude toward the economic royal
ists because the President's son is
about to marry into the du Pont
family.
Regardless af this, however, there
are certain appearances that must
be maintained. There «ave been
few contacts between A. A. Berle,
Jr., attorney for the American Mo
lasses company—which Tugwell is
about to join—or Charles W. Taus
sig, its president, since those mem
bers of tha original Brain Trust
went into trade, as our British cous
ins would say.
Ray Moley, original No. 1 Brain
Truster, is another sort of thing.
Moley's contact with pay rolls and
advertisers, circulation staffs and
writers, Bince he left the high in
tellectual peaks of Washington has
brought about a very definite
change. He began parting company
with the New Deal viewpoint in
1935, about the time of the tax bill
of that year. He believed in a tax
bill, but not in the Roosevelt pro
posals.
The tax bill of 1936 was even less
to his liking, in principle. And some
of his editorials during the cam
paign just closed were as sharply
critical of New Deal financing as
any that appeared in out-and-out
Republican organs. In fact, many
of them were widely reprinted by
Republican newspapers and quoted
by Republican orators.
Tugwell Booed
As a matter of fact, there were
two departments in the campaign
which paved the way for Tugwell’s
passing out of the New Deal pic
ture. There were just two names
which were ceitain to be booed at
this year’s political rallies. Every
mention of Herbert Hoover by a
Democratic orator brought a storm
of catcalls and other evidences of
disapproval. Equally, almost, every
mention of Tugwell by an anti-New
Deal speaker had the same re
sults.
And there was a distinct lack of
any compensatory cheering for eith
er in the opposite camps. In fact,
most Republican and Constitution
al Democratic orators did not often
mention Hoover. Nor did Democrat
ic speakers dwell on the merits of
Dr. Tugwell.
Aside from this demonstration of
Tugwell’s lack of popularity there
was a development of some moment
on the President's trip to the
drouth-stricken area. Only bits of
the story have leaked out, but it is
known that there were some sharp
words between the two at Des
Moines, and that the President per
emptorily ordered Tugwell to keep
far In the background. Fragments
of the conversation were overheard
and repeated, but the only detail is
that it all concerned Tugwell’s
spending and lack of beneficial re
sults.
All of which is rather puzzling, be
cause whatever the President may
have thought of Tugwell’s drouth
area work, tl.at region certainly
demonstrated approval of the New
Deal in a big way on November 3.
King Edward’s Problem
In diplomatic circles here in
Washington, as in sewing circles in
Oshkosh and elsewhere in this coun
try, there is very real regret that
the problem which seems to be con
fronting the king of England is not
simpler. The trouble about any pos
sible desire of King Edvard to mar
ry Mrs. Simpson is that he en
counters not one tough hurdle, but
three.
If Mrs. Simpson were the
daughter of the king of some country
in Europe, no matter how incon
sequential the country might be,
there would be only one hurdle.
That is that she has been twice
divorced. Britain has long consid
ered her king to be virtually the
head of the Church of England, and
the Church of England, while not
forbidding divorce with anything
like the positiveness of the Catholic
Church, nevertheless frowns on it
very severely.
So there would be plenty of peo
ple in Britain, and throughout the
entire world, who would be dis
tressed at the idea of the king mar
rying a double divorcee—or a di
vorcee at all, for that matter.
On the other hand, if Mrs. Simp
son were the daughter of a carp
enter in some little British village,
but unmarried, there would be
gasps from the upholders of tradi
tion, but there just might be a
tremendous sentimental appeal.
Most Americans would be in
clined to overrate this. They find
difficulty in understanding the av
erage Britisher's yearning to have
everything about royalty done ac
cording to Hoyle, to keep up all
the old tradition, to maintain the
royal blood royal.
But be that as it may, the fact
remains that if the king proposed to
marry some English commoner's
daughter, such a proposal would
involve only one hurdle.
Another Hurdle
The third hurdle Is that Mrs.
Simpson is not only a commoner,
but a foreign commoner. To ap
preciate the 'eeling about this one
has only to scan some back news
paper flies.
It just so happens that on a visit
to Canada, some years back, when
he was Prince of Wales, the king
met a very attractive rfoung news
paper woman. The two struck up
an immediate friendship, but the
British and Canadian newspaper
people did not suspect the lady was
one of their own craft. They wrote
reams about the mysterious lady to
whom the prince had taken such
an obvious fancy. They let their
imaginations run riot in speculating
ar to who she might be.
How long this would have gone on
there is no telling if the young
lady's editors had not gotten impa
tient. They paid no attention to her
pleadings that she had the whole
thing sewed up. and for them please
to wait a few more days before
breaking the story.
The part of this story that is
pertinent now, however, is what
happened after the British and Ca
nadian newspaper people found out
that the mysterious lady they were
writing about was not only on Amer
ican, but a newspaper woman!
Copyright.— WNU Sorvlc*.
SUEZ
CANAL
Sails Survive in the Suez Canal.
Prepared by National Geographic Society,
Washington, D. C.—WNU 8ervlce.
THE Suez canal, famous pa
rade ground of international
shipping between Europe and
Asia, unlike the Panama ca
nal, is a lockless ditch excavated
through sand. Like Panama, how
ever, it connects two great seas
and several lakes. From a ship’s
crow’s nest one may look down up
on the highest earth ridge through
which the Suez cuts.
But with industrial Europe at one
end and the populations and raw
materials of the East beyond, this
sand ditch is a barometer of world
life.
Each separate cargo adds its clue.
Coal, moving in the inverse direc
tion; grain brought from unfamiliar
fields; wood coming from Burma
instead of Kamchatka; the appear
ance of unusual numbers of ships
making their maiden trip; the use
of Diesel engines instead of steam
or oil fuel instead of coal; the num
bers of soldiers sent out or brought
back—thus world life registers its
symptoms on the records of the
canal.
In normal times, along this short
cut between hand and mouth, loom
and back, and rubber tree and bal
loon tire, cargoes almost assemble
themselves.
Freight pays the profits, but it is
the demand of the passenger for
more palatial accommodations, the
vogue for round-the-world cruises,
that makes the dredges squeal.
A large proportion of the ships
now using the lengthened, widened,
deepened canal could have passed
through it when it was first opened
for traQlc in 1809. But larger and
finer liners are ever passing this
way, coming to the Holy Land and
Egypt from the rainbow crowds of
Bombay, from Hong Kong with its
barrel-chested chair coolies toiling
upward toward “the Peak,” from
the cherry blossoms of Japan.
Ships, like travelers, are sun hunt
ers, and when the cold winds sweep
down from the Grand Banks and
ice forms on the rigging, those not
needed in the North Atlantic seek
the Tropics. Many go by way of
Suez.
Always Open to All Vessels.
According to the Suez canal con
vention of 1888, the waterway is
“always to be free and open, in
time of war as in time of peace, to
every vessel of commerce or of
war, without distinction of flag.”
Between Gibraltar and Massaua
the shipping lanes are much the
same, although Mediterranean ports
furnish considerable cargoes.
But once outside the corners of
Africa, the ships go their separate
ways following the African coast
to Mombasa, Durban, and Cape
town, crossing the Equator to Mel
bourne and Sydney, pushing up the
Persian gulf to Bushire and Basra,
entering the roads at Bombay or
the treacherous Hooghly, berthing
at Colombo or Insulinde, waiting in
the Woosung for the Shanghai
tender, or steaming past the peer
less cone of Fujisan to the harbor
of Yokohama.
This one with the long, flat decks,
tightly sealed, and a single funnel
aft is a new oil tanker in from
Abadan. That, whose dazzling upper
decks are hung with passengers
buying trinkets from a tossing bum
boat by the cable-and-basket route,
is a floating home for those who
see the Bay of Naples, the Church
of the Holy Sepulcher, Tutankham
en’s tomb, India’s burning and bath
ing ghats, Hong Kong’s staircase
streets, Japan's geisha dances, the
Golden Gate, and two world canals
—all without closing the wardrobe
trunks placed in their staterooms in
New York or Southampton months
before.
Near Suez are the remains of a
i lock which was part of an ancient
canal, begun under Seti I. about
1300 B. C. Rameses the Great, be
tween waging Hittite battles, tem
ple building, and sitting for stone
portraits, found time to continue
the waterway to connect the Nile
with the Red sea.
Darius Completed First Canal.
Necho, son of Fsammetichos, ac
cording to Herodotus “was the first
to attempt the construction of the
canal to the Red sea—a work com
pleted afterwards by Darius the
Persian—the length of which is four
days' journey and the width such
as to admit of two triremes being
rowed along it abreast!"
A dream which takes 800 years
from the time when one man grabs
his pick until another sees triremes
passing each other between river
and sea is a potent dream.
Trajan seems to have kept the i
canal in shape. The Caliph Omar
had 'Amr ibn el-Asl restore the
canal to proper working order, but
A1 Mansur, near the end of the
Ninth century, wanted to stop the
shipment of grain to Arabia, and
so it was finally filled in.
For 2,200 years, various men were
either building a canal, using it, let
ting it fall into disrepair, or delib
erately destroying it. With such a
record before them, one might have
thought that Ferdinand De Lesseps,
the canal builder, and the present
company would have planned in
terms of centuries. But the 99 years
phrase imposed its convention, ac
cording to which, in 1968, the canal
will lapse to the Egyptian govern
ment.
When De Lesseps was barnstorm
ing England in behalf of the canal,
the British had the thought of mak
ing a railway do the work. That
would now take 10 trains an hour,
night and day. Were the canal
closed, India would be 5,000 more
sea miles away.
One of Napoleon’s Dreams
When Napoleon dreamed of di
vesting Great Britain of her Indian
empire, he had preliminary sur
veys made with the intention of
building a Suez canal.
Lepere, Napoleon’s chief road en
gineer, e-timated that the Red sea
level was 33 feet higher than that
of the Mediterranean. This miscal
culation stopped Napoleon. But not
De Lesseps. To him the 33 feet
looked smaller than the 5,000 miles
to be saved.
Then it was shown that the dif
ference in level between the two
ends of the canal would, by com
parison, make the Dardanelles look
like a waterfall.
De Lesseps appealed to the vice
roy, Mohammed Said Pasha, and
heard from his friend these cheer
ing words: “I am convinced and I
agree to your plan: it is understood
between us. You can count upon my
support.”
That was in the middle of Novem
ber, 1854. In two weeks, De Lesseps
had his coveted concession. He
thought that the world would de
mand a slice of the melon. But it
was five years before digging be
gan.
There was a time when bankrupt
cy hung over the canal and for
years the interest coupons were not
paid.
Not all of De Lesseps’ difficulties
were diplomatic or financial. The
physical labor of digging a canal
under the fierce sun of that desert,
with little aid from machinery, was
inconceivable. Even a seventy-mile
sand ditch is a considerable prob
lem for hand labor, armed only with
primitive tools and soft baskets to
transport the dirt.
The viceroy provided 25,000 work
men for whom the company fur
nished food and pay high enough so
that conscription was not necessary.
But before he would ratify the fir
man, the sultan of Turkey insisted
upon the suppression of the corvee,
or use of forced labor, and this
necessitated the wider use of ma
chinery in the building of the canal.
Reason for Sweet Water Canal.
It cost $2,000 a day to bring
enough water by caravan to supply
25,000 men, so the company con
structed the second of the two es
sential canals.
The Sweet Water canal takes off
from the Nile below Cairo and, split
ting into a T at Ismailia, flows to
Suez and Port Said. On it are locks
by which small boats can step down
to the traffic canal.
For many miles the Sweet Water
canal follows an ancient bed dating
from the time of Tutankhamen. This
waterway was first constructed to
win from the desert the fertile land
of Goshen, where Joseph and his
family found a home.
The traveler hanging over the rail
at Port Said and watchng the fresh
water tubing throb with every stroke
of the pumps may not realize that
this water has come from recon
structed waterworks which first
served the people of Egypt before
the Exodus.
Although the model town called
Port Fuad, at the Mediterranean
entrance, was built by the com
pany on the barren east bank op
posite Port Said, with homes and
even gardens for skilled workers
and laborers, some still prefer to
draw a money allowance and live
on the west bank near the cafes and
moyies.
Some feel that the canal pays too
well and trade depression has
brought some criticism of canal
profits. But the main thing for those
i who foot the bills is continuous,
I efficient service.
J&'QtvmLJ.&wrtan.
TAILED ADOOT
Exercise Will Reduce
PRACTICALLY every
health writer in suggest
ing methods for reducing
weight advises reduction in
the amount of food eaten.
This is very sensible advice
because old and young, with
or without heart or other ail
ments, can, even if over
weight, safely reduce the
amount of food to some ex
tent. It has been well said,
“You can’t get fat on the food
you do not eat.”
Further, cutting down the food to
a point where there is not enough
for the needs of the
body, and the body
will use what it
needs to maintain
life, means that it
will use up some of
the fat in and on the
body to keep the
body working. Thus
with no more fat be
ing stored away,
and some of what is
stored being used
Dr. Barton up every day to sup
ply the needs of the
body, the weight is bound to be
reduced.
There are some overweights who
like food so much or feel so weak
when it is reduced in amount that
they are looking for some means
(other than by drugs) to get rid of
their fat without cutting down on
their food intake.
It is in these cases that exercise
is so valuable in burning off their
excess fat.
Unfortunately all overweights
cannot indulge in exercise. Some
are too old, some too feeble, others
have heart or bloodvessel complica
tions; exercise is impossible or un
safe in these individuals.
However, exercise is the most ef
fective method of using up the
body’s energy and if tho body’s en
ergy is being used up by exercise,
certainly it cannot be stored away
in the body as fat.
Exercise Uses Up Calorics
The average man will use from
2,500 to 3,000 calories a day unless
he is doing hard work or taking
strenuous exercise when he may
use up 6,000 calories. The average
woman uses up about 1,800 to i,500
calories unless she is doing hard
work or taking lots of exercise.
Physical directors will tell you
that doing some light work such as
a long walk may use up as much as
300 to 500 calories, whilst a set of
tennis or a hard game of basket
ball, hockey, or football will use
up 800 to 1,200 calories or even
more.
The fuel for doing this work or
exercise must come from some
where, either from the food that is
eaten or from the excess fat on the
body. If then a part of what is eat
en is used to supply the energy for
the exercise taken, there will be
therefore less fuel or food to be
stofed away as fat. Further, as
mentioned above, if the amount of
food eaten is not enough to supply
the body’s needs and for the exer
cise taken, the body tissues will
have to be used as fuel or food
which of course means that much
loss of weight.
Thus we can really look upon ex
ercise as the ideal method of reduc
ing weight because, without reduc
ing the amount of food eaten, it will
use up some of the food eaten, pre
venting storage of fat, and actually
burn up some of the fat already
stored. Exercise is really a "dou
ble action’’ system of reducing
weight.
• • *
Fat and the Heart
In a group of 136 patients all of
whom were overweight it was found
that although only 19 died as a di
rect result of an accumulation of
fat in and about the heart, this ex
cess heart fat and the excess of fat
throughout the body was an impor
tant factor in greatly shortening the
life span in most of the other cases.
Dr. Harry L. Smith and Freder
ick A. Willius in Archives of Inter
nal Medicine describe their findings
of fat formation in the underlying
layer of tissue of the bag (pericar
dium) which surrounds the heart
and also in and about the muscle
fibres of the walls of the heart it
self. This fat adds a burden to an
already overworked heart which
has to take care of all this added
fat and weight of the body.
The expectation of life in obesity
(overweight) is unfavorable. Only
four of their series of cases attained
the age of seventy, the average of
the entire group being J2 years, and
their ages ran from 10 months to
75 years. There were 94 females
and 42 males.
The point is that although the
fat actually crowded the heart and
interfered to some extent with its
activity, it was the great increase
in fat and weight throughout the
body that made the heart’s work so
great.
<£) Western Newspaper Union.
Several Standby Designs
L.
SEWING CIRCLE fans
will get a “lift” out of
this week’s selection of
dapper designs for home
sewing. It’s not a bit too
early to be anticipating
your first-of-the-year re
quirements and each frock
here presented is a verita
1993 \\
ble winner in its individual class.
The cleverly cut slip, Pattern
1909, consists of just six simple
pieces including the shoulder
strap and offers a choice of straps
or a built up shoulder. With a
combination of bust ease and a
fitted waist, this number will
prove a popular favorite in silk
crepe, crepe de chine, pongee, or
taffeta. An excellent gift for an
intimate friend, by the way, the
pattern is available in sizes 14, 16,
18, 20, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44,
and 46. Size 16 require.- 2% yards
of 39 inch material.
The slick princess frock, Pat
tern 1993, has everything it takes
for success and—you’ll hardly be
lieve it, but it’s so—requires just
seven pieces for the pattern. Prin
cess frocks are always tops for
home sewing, and whether for
campus, business, or general gad
about wear this clever number,
with a choice of long or short
sleeves, simply compels admira
tion and demands immediate at
tention. The sleeves are gay and
youthful, the pockets trig and
tricky. Your selection of fabrics
is almost as long as the counter!
—wool crepe, flannel, broadcloth,
velveteen, silk crepe, satin, taf
feta, linen, rough weaves, or cot
ton. Send today for Pattern 1993
designed for sizes 14, 16, 18, 20,
32, 34, 36, 38, 40, and 42. Size 16
requires SV* yds. of 54 inch or 5*4
yds. of 39 inch fabric.
The charming morning frock for
matrons, Pattern 1841, speaks for
itself. A one-piece model, five
pieces to the pattern, it too offers
a choice of long or short sleeves
and slides through your machine
in a jiffy. A perfect number for
comfort combined with a pleasing
appearance, this delightful pat
tern is available in sizes 34, 36,
38, 40, 42, 44, and 46. Size 36,
with short sleeves, requires 3%
yards of 39 inch material — per
cale, rayon, poplin, gingham, tub
silk, or seersucker.
Send for the Barbara Bell Fall
and Winter Pattern Book contain
ing 100 well-planned, easy-to-maka
patterns. Exclusive fashions for
children, young women, and ma
trons. Send fifteen cents in coins
for your copy.
Send your order to The Sewing
Circle Pattern Dept., 367 W.
Adams St., Chicago, 111. Price of
patterns, 15 cents (in coins) each.
© Bell Syndicate.—WNU Service.
Early Concrete Road
The first concrete highway in
the United States was laid at
bellefontaine, Ohio, just forty
three years ago. It is still in use.
There are now enough concrete
roads in this country to encircle
the earth more than four times.
• Many a famous Southern cook has made her reputation with Jewel
pastry, cakes, and hot breads. A Special-Blend of vegetable fat with
other bland cooking fats, Jewel actually creams faster; makes more tender
baked foods. And, with a high smoke point, it’s excellent for frying.
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