SEEN and HEAR
around t/ie
NATIONAL CAPITAL
By Carter Field
FAMOUS WASHINGTON CORRESPONDENT J
Washington. — President Roose
velt is enormously pleased with the
general reception ot his accept
ance speech at Philadelphia.
Those who must support him for
party regularity reasons but who
have been hoping he would im more
conservative if re-elected — the
group following Senators Glass,
Byrd, Tydings and Adams—are
distressed. And the radical fringe
is delighted.
The thought of comparing the
New Deal fight against capital—
against investments, if you please
—to the fight of the colonisU
against British royal jomination—
came to the President almost at
the last moment. He did not pre
pare his speech much in advance,
and it is pretty nearly an acci
dent that he took this particular
tack.
It all grew out ot the fuss and
furore that was kicked up when
announcement was made, a little
more than a month ago. that the
President would make his trip to
Texas and other states at a time
when the Republican national con
vention would be in progress. It
was charged he was trying to steal
the convention’s publicity, to de
prive it of its normal share of
front page newspaper displuy, not
to mention radio broadcasting and
newspaper picture sections.
So he announced that on that
trip he would make "historical
talks," going into the history of
the sections he visited
He not only did, but found some
very adroit ways of working good
political arguments into them.
Even Went Further
But the conservative Democrats
are very unhappy as a result. For,
once embracing that theme, the
President went a great deal fur
ther. by inference, than he has ev
er gone before. Just as, in the
platform, which of course he dic
tated, he went a great deal fur
ther with regard to TVA than he
has ever gone before. In fact, he
approved language which might
have been disquieting to the Su
preme Court in his TVA decision.
For instead of talking about '‘inci
dental" power, the President had
the platform boast about the "yard
stick" which would force elec
tric rates down, and make elec
tric current cheaper to all con
sumers.
Naturally the radical fringe is
highly pleased. They had been
somewhat disturbed at the soft
pedaling of their leaders at Phila
delphia—the complete blackout of
Dr. Tugwell, the failure to men
tion Prof. Frankfurter, the absence
of most of the so-called Brain
Trusters. But a few hours before
the President was accepting the
nomination Secretary of Agriculture
Wallace was telling an audience
that competition must go, even in
manufacturing. eventually, and
that collectivism and co-operatives
were the thing!
All of which spells a much wider
cleavage in the Democratic party,
next year, assuming that Roose
velt is re-elected. For beyond the
shadow of a doubt there would
have been more than 21 Democrat
ic senators opposed to that tax
bill, aimed so sharply at corpora
tions, had the President and Wal
lace made their speeches before
instead of after that Anal vote
was recorded In the senate.
Humorous Mistake
Failure of the Democrats at Phil
adelphia to make any statement
answering the demand of the Re
publicans at Cleveland that the
special power giver the President
to mark down still further the gold
value of the dollar be revoked,
was not an oversight.
Senator Rober- J. Bulkley of
Ohio, one of the leading Capitol
Hill experts on currency, pointed
out to members of the resolutions
committee, when this matter was
under advisement, that the Repub
licans had made a rather humorous
mistake. The special power which
the President still has, which would
permit him to mark down the gold
value of the dollar to one half its
original value, along with the pow
er to issue paper currency, or to
adopt bimetalism, expires by lim
itation just a few days after in
auguration!
So that, Senator Bulkley pointed
out, to demand its repeal by a
congress which does not come in
to power until a few days before
that—nothing like sufficient time
to put such an important measure
through the house and senate—is
rather in the nature of a futile
gesture.
Even, the senator pointed out. in
what Democrats regard as the un
likely contingency that the Repbu
licans capture the Presidency and
the house, there is no possible
chance of their obtaining control
of the senate for four more years.
So eve., if there were a Republi
can landslide they could not re
peal the provisions against the will
of the Democrats.
Could Cut Dollar
During the months that remain
before this power expires by lim
itation, in January, the Presides
could, if he wished, do any of the
three things authorized. He so far
has taken advantage of only one of
these powers. Thi* was when he
marked down the gold value of the
dollar to 59.06 cents. So that, un
der the powers in this act, he
could still mark it down to 50 cents
of the original oollar. This would
be considerably in excess of nine
cents of the present dollar. It
would be 9.06 cents of the original
gold dollar. It would reduce the j
present dollar slightly more than
15 cents in its present gold value. I
Which would be immediately effec
tive in making the dollar just that
much less valuable in foreign ex
change, hence making it that
much easier to sell American
goods abroad, and that much more
expensive for Americans to buy
foreign goods.
President Roosevelt, it so hap
pens, has no present intention of
exercising this power. There has
been a firm conviction in Wash
ington for some time that France
would devalue the franc, and that
then Britain would let the pound
sterling drift down to equalize the
French cut. As a matter of fact,
there has been surprise in Wash
ington that this has not occurred
long since.
When and if this occurs the Pres
ident will face a real problem as
to whether to meet the change—
so vastly important in foreign
trade. But the best information
obtainable is that he is not in
clined to exercise his further pow
er to devaluate the dollar even un
der this provocation.
Murray Causes Worry
“Alfalfa Bill” Murray of Okla
homa is really causing more con
cern among Democratic chieftains
by his “walk” than is Alfred E
Smith. Or James A. Reed. Or
Bainbridge Colby. Or Joseph B.
Ely. Or Judge Daniel F. Cohalan.
The answer is very simple. Elec
tions are decided by electoral votes
—not by the size of popular major
ities in any particular states. A
majority of 700, while a little
nerve-racking when the returns are
coming in, is just as good as 300.
000 when the electoral votes are
counted.
It so happens that the Democrat
ic strategists do not regard the
three states in which the “quintup
lets" reside as doubtful. New
York, the home of A1 Smith, Colby
and Judge Cohalan. they regard as
"in the bag.” Massachusetts, the
home of former Governor Joseph
B. Ely, they regard as a cinch on
account of their confidence in Uov
ernor James M. Curley’s oratory.
Missouri, the home of Former Sen
ator Reed, is conceded even by the
Republicans as probably for Roose
velt. Naturally the Democrats are
not worried about the "Show Me”
state at all.
But Oklahoma is something else
again. It is normally Democratic,
but two factors are threatening to
upset this normal alignment One
is the fact that, over a long period
of years. Governor Alfred M. Lan
don, as an independent oil opera
tor, has been building up friend
ships. As told in a recent dis
patch, it was one of these friend
ships—that with Former Repre
sentative Charles Hamilton of
Western New York, who went to
Kansas to go in the oil business
about 16 years ago—which was so
potent in lining up the New York
delegation for Landon.
In fact, it is Uk old friendships
of Landon with mei who happened
to be influential in a number of
eastern states that made the ef
forts of the “Old Guard” to stop
Landon so futile.
Lehman Relents
The oil fields of Oklahoma hap
pen to be mostly in the northern
part of the state. Whereas it hap
pens that the influence of “Alfalfa
Bill" Murray is strongest in the
southern part. Putting the two
things together, friends of L,andon
who have been sizing up the situa
tion are predicting he will carry
the state by a very comfortable
majority. Which would not worry
the Democrats so much if the Re
publicans were not offering to bet
j on itl
This, plus the situation in Minne
sota and North Dakota caused by
the prospect tha' the Lemke
Coughlin-Townsend ticket will pull
votes away from the New Deal, is
the explanation of why there was
such terrific pressure on Gover
nor Herbert H. Lehman of New
York to reconsider his determina
tion not to run again for governor.
The pressure proved successful
The private view ot man;' New
York Democrats is that the state is
fairly safe for Roosevelt J Leh
man is on the ticket, and doubt
ful. if not swinging toward me Re
publican side, if Lehman is not
on the ticket. If New York's 47
votes are safely in the Roosevelt
column, there need be no worry in
Janes A. Farley s office on elec
tion night about how Oklahoma
goes. Or Minnesota Or North Da
kota.
With New York in the bag, even
linois can take a walk.
9B«1) By inlK Mtr — W N L' Svrvlc*.
In Southern California
OH Derricks Form Background for Tomato Patch.
Prepared bjr National Geographic Soefotjr,
Washington, D. C.-WNU Hervlca.
TALK with priests at the old
missions and they will tell
you that pioneer padres
trained Indians to do the
first irrigation work in Southern
California. Some of their old
ditches still exist.
You can tell by where these mis
sions stand what good judges of
land the priests were. They never
built a church on poor soil.
Local farming owes these padres
a great debt. They not only
brought the first cattle and horses,
but they experimented with seeds
to see what would grow nest in
California.
They planted the first oranges
and grapes. Lemons, figs, and ol
ives they brought, too, and wheat,
destined to become a tremendous
crop.
Almost feudal in aspect were
these mission farms. Indians were
trained as farmers, cowboys, car
penters, saddle makers, and weav
ers. They made things not only
for the use ot priests and them
selves, but for Spanish soldiers as
well.
Cattle became the mainstay of
life, with beef the chief food} hides
made leather for saddles, harness,
and shoes, and even served as
money. Early sea traders from
New England called them “Cali
fornia bank notes.”
Sheep, too, were raised; and In
dians made blankets and cloth for
suits from the wool. They raised
some hogs also, mostly for lard
to make soap.
Missions served as stock farms
from which private owners could
borrow enough breeding animals to
build up their own herds. Horses
of a tough, speedy type, with a
strain of Arabian from those
brought to Mexico by conquis
tadores, thrived there, multiplying
so fast that in time wild herds
became a nuisance. Men used to
drive them into the sea to drown
them.
Cattle often ran wild over the
open range. In self-defense trav
elers sometimes had to shoot sav
age bulls. At slaughtering time,
vaqueros rode down the thunder
ing herds, slew what they wanted,
and left carcasses to be skinned
by butchers who followed. Melted
tallow was packed in hides and
transported to sailing vessels along
the coast. This trade dwindled aft
er gold was found.
“The inflowing of population
made an end to the great droves of
cattle.” wrote Dana in 1859, on his
second trip to California.
uia Kiincnes iui up.
Today this once huge industry,
which kept the shoe and leather
trades of New England supplied,
is a dim tradition. In museums
you see old oxcarts and horse
gear, massive hand-made furni
ture and pioneer weapons.
Santa Barbara stages a fiesta
each season, in which modern
beaux and belles dress m pioneer
Spanish costumes, ride horses
with Spanish saddles, sing Span
ish ballads, and dance fandangos
to early Spanish music.
But the modern spectacle is
more splendid than the original
hard, frugal life of toil ever was.
Practically all old ranches are
cut up now. One or two, like the
Santa Margarita and the Tejon,
remain; but overseers make their
rounds in motor cars. In fields
where grunting oxen once pulled
wooden plows, you hear now the
staccato voice of gas tractors.
Among long-tailed, squawking
macaws and tinkling bells in the
Mission Inn garden at Riverside
stands an old, old orange tree. It
is one of two navel seedlings
sent here from Brazil, by way of
Washington, in 1873. Both lived
and are ancestors now of countless
trees whose fruit reaches not only
the most obscure nooks of the Unit
ed States, but goes to forty-odd
ports overseas, even into Alaska
by dog-sled delivery.
What a colossal feat of distribu
tion!
Think of 100,000 carloads a year,
cars riding an average of 2,600
miles each. Fantastically, you vis
ualize this endless orange flight
as a universe of tiny yellow plan
ets flying forever out of California
and into space! Orange picking
never stops. Navels move from
December to May and Valencias
the rest of the year. With oranges
go lemons and grapefruit, picked,
packed and shipped from some
part of California every day in
the year. Europe alone takes up
ward of a million boxes, and Ca
nadians drink orange juice even as
we do.
To move and sell such incredible
cargoes, more than 13,000 growers
form the Fruit Exchange. Their
salesmen are posted in 59 central
markets here and abroad. Their
brand stamped on fruit is known
around the world. They even own
their own timber lands and saw
mills, where millions of crates are
made for packing fruit. By-prod
ucts, like orange and lemon oils,
citric acid and citrus pectin, are
made and sold by this organiza
tion.
Ships that carry its fruit abroad
are vast floating refrigerators, for
they must pass through the Pana
ma canal and other tropic waters.
Frost is fought with oil-burning
orchard heaters, while millions are
spent on sprays and fumigation.
Value of Co-operation.
Individual growers, competing,
could not have obtained such me
thodical, world-wide distribution of
oranges now graded, inspected,
and sold by the Exchange. It is
conspicuous among all man’s co
operative efforts. Common inter
ests unite its members, both in
business and social affairs.
One visit to an annual orange
festival, with all its music, drama,
pageantry, and carnival spirit,
shows what a role this fruit plays
in California life.
More than any other one force,
it was the lure of life in a sunny
California orange grove which
started easterners migrating here
in the 1880’s—and it still brings
them.
From its trees, since the Ex
change started its records in 1894,
have been picked and sold nearly
$2,000,000,000 worth of citrus fruit—
or more than the value of all
gold mined since its discovery in
1848!
The Bible story of the miraculous
gourd vine that grew in one day
to make shade for Jonah is hardly
more astonishing than the rise of
the western vegetable trade. It is
an exciting page in the annals of
our national farm life. New food
habits, the call for more green
things, is one cause. Advent of
the iced car, overcoming Califor
nia’s former disadvantage of re
moteness from eastern markets,
is another.
Due to geographic barriers, as
late as 1900 this trade was a mere
trickle. Now, with refrigeration,
standard packing, und advertising,
more than 100,000 carloads of gar
den truck, largely grown in Cal
ifornia, ride east gvery year.
Busy Imperial Valley.
Imperial valley, that below-the
sea “Hothouse of America" once
called the Salton Sink, grows more
cantaloupes, honeydews, and casa
bas than any area its size in the
world. Its large-scale operations
are indeed “industrialized farm
ing."
Only Mexicans and Japanese
seem able to work in the sun
scorched fields; some say that only
they can tell just when a melon
should be picked, or when a mule
will surely drop from being over
heated if driven another rod. Yet
60.000 residents endure this cli
mate!
Frost-free regions along the San
Diego coast send their share of to
matoes, celery, and other green
foods. Los Angeles county was the
pioneer garden spot; there first
grew that lettuce now called “ice
berg head,” an Italian strain intro
duced through Vilmorin, famous
seedsman of Paris.
Electricity for Everything.
You marvel at miles of power
lines carried on steel towers. Hard
ly a country home is without elec
tricity. Farmers throw a switch
and machines cook food, heat wa
ter, milk cows, sterilize milk, and
separate the cream. Electric pow
er hatches eggs and warms the
coops. Long, dry summers call for
much pumping, and electric irriga
tion pumps run almost continuous
ly from April to September.
Walnuts, formerly dried in the
sun, are dehydrated now by elec
tricity. To make seeds germi
nate faster, cables laid in the soil
are heated by this power.
With electricity oranges are col
ored and precooled for shipment.
Motors hum in myriad indus
tries. In busy oil fields, shops, and
harbor sheds, bright lights turn
night into day. With electricity
men drill for oil. pump it when
Natural flow subsides, and refine it.
The same source heats enormous
furnaces and annealing ovens.
In California electricity spurred
imagination long before the rest of
the world appreciated its versatil
ity. The reason is that Califor
nia, when most of the present
electric systems started in the
1890's, had no native fuel except
wood. Coal, transported from far
places, was costly; but in the
mountains was abundant water
power. The market for electric
light was small in pioneer times
and few industries had then start
ed; but the farmer was there, and
entrepreneurs taught him to use
power for irrigation as early as
1893. Now power lines cover the
state's maD like a web.
Matron's Dress With Vestee
This dress designed with soft
capelet sleeves and a contrast
ing vestee is one of those peren
nial styles. It is always a pleas
ure to show by popular request.
They’re so universally becoming
Pattern No. 1907-B
to larger and more mature wom
en, and so adaptable to conven
tional occasions.
The model shown is a clever
street frock which takes into con
sideration the fitting problem en
countered by many womer whose
tastes incline toward conserva
tive rather than complicated
---I
dressmaking. The lines are stud
ied to give slenderness without
sacrificing a trim and neat ap
pearance, exemplified in the
beautiful pointed up bodice, espe
cially graceful and smart. Sheer
cotton, prints and chiffons are de
lightful for town or country
Pattern No.
1907-B is available for sizes: 34.
36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48 and 50
Size 36 requires 4% yards of 39
inch material. Send 15 cents in
coins.
Send for the Summer Pattern
Book containing 100 Barbara Bell
well-planned, easy-to-make pat
terns. Exclusive fashions for
children, young women, and ma
trons. Send 15 cents for your
copy.
Send your order to The Sewing
Circle Pattern Dept., 367*W. Ad
ams St., Chicago, 111.
© Bell Syndicate.—WNU Service.
Foreign Words
and Phrases •
Ad unguem. (L.) To the finger
nail; to a nicety.
Au di alteram partem (L.)
Hear the other side.
Chapeaux bas! (F.) Hats off!
De novo. (L.) From the be
ginning; anew.
Errare humanum est. (L.) To
arr is human.
Fervet opus. (L.) The work
glows (i. e., goes on actively).
Homme d’esprit. (F.) Man of
intellect; wit.
Id est. (L.) That is: (abbrevi
ated i. e.).
Jeunesse doree. (F.) Gilded
pouth; wealthy young n\en.
Malgre nous. (F.) In spite of us.
Lusus naturae. (L.) A freak of
nature.
Noblesse oblige. (F.) Nobility
compels.
Conscript the Men t
A clergyman in a Midweat
town, just before service, was
asked to marry a couple. He
explained that here wasn’t time
for the ceremony but said he
would perform the ceremony if
the couple would be seated and
wait till the end of the service, to
which they agreed.
At the proper moment the cler
gyman said: “Will those who
wish to be united in the holy ^
bond of matrimony please com*}
forward?”
Whereupon 13 women and on*
man proceeded to the altar.
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FOR SUCCESSFUL HOME
I CANNING? HERE IT IS...
y===^'
I KO: USE NOTHING BUT U. S.
! ROYAL PE KO EDGE JAR RUB
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%'
Pe=K© Edge
JAM RUBBERS
UNITED STATES RUBBER COMPANT
Untid States Rakbor Protects. tec.
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OASIS OF
LIVING DEATH
_J.; .
(APTAIN FRANK HAWKS.HOLDER
Of MORE AVIATION RECORDS
THAN ANY LIVING PILOT. AND
HIS YOUNG ERIENDS.JERRY AND
JANET.CHARTER MEMBERS OF
THE AIR HAWKS CLUB. ARE WINtf
ING THEIR WAY OVER THE Hi
BURNING SANDS OF THE
GREAT SAHARA DESERT.
" /GREAT HEAVENS! THESE
MUST BE SLAVE-TRADERS'
s~—-, AND THE SLAVES ARE
/cofSt'i4. f H,DDEN IN THOSE
ufapiVa L HAMPERS. ITS A LIVING
Sn ^ATHfywosewo./
ONE OP ^ ukviLS —
THOSE (
\HAMPERS?1
'MBPWL
.I
M E MUST GET OUR
ZANDER AROUND
0NT SUSPECT US- j;
TO THE NEAREST!
:THE FRENCH A
GN LEGION. 1|
■ 'em HERE. THE LEGIONT) I
9 COME LOOKING FOR'EM I
■ and spot our game.we I
M GOTTA FIX THAT PLANE SO ■
■ THEY crash acudistal- I
%“**■'miN /OPTIT-1
[a.4 ; 1 Mt. TOO. BUT WHATS t
/ THAT FUNNY RATTLING I
OUR
LANDING
GEAR'S
GONE!
THE SLAVE-TRADERS HAD
LOOSENED THE BOLTS OF THE
LANDING GEAR.KNOWING THAT
THE PLANES VIBRATION WOULD
SOON SHAKE IT OFF. THEN —
A FATAL, ACCIDENTAL CRACK-UP
WHEN HAWKS TRIED TO LAND
!■ .Vt CE IN A^®K
f® tough spot ^p
I® YOUNGSTERS. ®K
BB about one ®|
Mev-ANCE in ioqI
®g I LI HAVE to ®|
IWSKATTher IN'®-:
HOORAY/
YOU SURE CAN MAKE
A PLANE DO TRICKS,
CAPTAIN FRANK!
>—-__
(APT. HAWKS KNOWS THAT THE SLIGHTEST SLIP
MEANS ATRAGIC CRACK-UP. BUT WITH IRON
NERVE AND MATCHLESS SKILL.HE SLIDES THE
PLANE SAFELY ALONG THE DESERT SANDS
IN FRONT OF THE FOREIGN LEGION OUTPOST
■>U BET. JANET! NOW-GET AFTER]you PONT
'UR POSTS BRAN FLAKES. YOU HAVE TO
OW I WANT YOU AIR HAWKS TO URGE US.
T LOTS OF THEM. THEY RE SO 7 'CAUSE
^^^^^^VOU ! THERES NOTHING
COMING.IN AN EARLY ISSUE OF THIS NEWSPAPER: 'THE
GOLDEN GODDESS'ANOTHER ADVENTURE OF CAPTAIN
FRANK, JERRY AND JANET ON THEIR WORLD FLI6HT.
Hoys and G*r/s/-JOIN CAPT. FRANK’S AIR HAWKS!
FREE BIKES!
MANY OTHER FREE PRIZES, TOO. SEND
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iu JUIN, just send coupon
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40% Bran Flakes box-top
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and his illustrated catalog
of swell prizes! He’ll tell
you, too, all about the Free
Bike Contest. Only Air
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prizes. Clip coupon now. f
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How you'll love these crunchy, golden
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OFFICIAL WING-BADGE.
T wo-tonesilver finish.(apt.
Frank’* head in center.
Free for l BOX-TOP.
MEMBERSHIP
RING. 24-carat
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wears. Free for
3 BOX-TOPS.
[ CAPT. FRANK HAWKS ^NU 71"* “
I e/o Post’* 40% Bran Flakes,
I Battle Creek, Michigan
I I enclose_Post's Brin Flakes pickaxe
I tops. Please send me the items checked
I below.
j ( ) Official VTing-Badge (send l boa-top)
I ( ) Membership Ring (send 3 boa-tops;
I
I Name___
j Street
j Gty_State——
<Ojfer good only m US. A. and
expires Dec. 31,1936)