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About The frontier. (O'Neill City, Holt County, Neb.) 1880-1965 | View Entire Issue (May 14, 1936)
SEENand HEARP around the k NATIONAL CAPITAL! By Carter Field ^p FAMOUS WASHINGTON CORRESPONDENT j Washington.—Most of the efforts of the bigwigs of the United States Chamber of Commerce were devot ed at the annual meeting to soft pedaling the firebrands. Probably 90 per cent of the business men In attendance were breathing fire and brimstone privately against the New Deal and all Its works. They were bitter against the principles under lying the new tax bill, red-headed about the seizure of private tele grams by the Black committee, vociferous against government own ership of utilities and government competition with private Industry, and alarmed about the trend Indi cated by the national labor rela tions hoard. In fact, they didn’t like the New Deal. Some of them had a few kind words about the reciprocal trade agreements, but they were not eves united about that. But—their leaders did not want the "convention" to resolve Itself Into an antl-New Peal camp-meet ing. So they put a quietus on the would-be anti-Roosevelt shouters. It was not entirely successful. Every now and then some tire eater would get over a short speech In tune with the real frame of mind of the busi ness men present. But not too often. The answer to which Is highly In teresting. With the exception of a few of the more optimistic, most of the delegates were afraid President Roosevelt would he re-elected, de spite what they believe to be the almost unanimous opposition of business. Not necessarily big busi ness. As a matter of fact, the Unit ed States Chamber of Commerce is far from being Just big business. Indeed there has been more than a suspicion, from time to time, that what Is meant when the average man speaks of big business Is just n lit tle snooty about the chamber. It Is even said that J. P. Morgan does not worry about what the chamber will do, and Is not even Interested. Hurts Little Business But the average business man of sufficient stature to attend n cham ber meeting does not like the things the New Deal Is doing to business, big and little. In fact, he thinks It Is doing more to hurt lit tle business than big business—de spite constunt repetition of the Idea that the administration's pet eco nomic Idea Is the drive against big ness. Which makes the silencing of the more violent critics at the meeting all the more interesting—Interest ing because of the conviction of so many of them that as the cards are now stacked, Itoosevelt may be re elected. That would mean four more years of the same, as they see it, and they do not want to put themselves In the position of mice sasslng the cat. Maybe the cat will get tired of playing with them and let them go before all the life Is choked out. But—not If they make the cat real mad. Some interesting stories of the troubles some of them had been put to already by bureau of Internal revenue men pawing over their old tax returns were told at this meet ing. The stories had a quieting In fluence. They played right Into the hands of the leaders seeking to hush too violent open criticism of the ad ministration. Some of the more optimistic promise that when the Cleveland and Philadelphia conventions are over, when the two platforms have been written and the candidate of the Republicans Is nnmed, things may take a different turn. Hit Short Sellers Within a few days, the securities commission Is going to crack down on short sellers, plugging an obvi ous—to the trade—loophole which curiously enough had entirely es caped the New Dealers until now. This is to increase the margin re quirements on short sales. To buy shares of stock on the market un der the securities commission rul ing the speculator has been required to put up 55 per cent of the value. But to sell the same stock he has been required to put up only 10 per cent. This Is one of the reasons, It Is I believed here, for the heavy decline In American Telephone recently, which has caused considerable em barrassment here, as many fair sized holders of this stock are very loyal Roosevelt men—some of them of the “For Roosevelt Before Chi cago" variety so highly esteemed by Jim Farley. Another important reason for the decline of this stock is the proposal to tax Intercorporate dividends. Ex perts on the subject believe the American Telephone company would have a very difficult time simplify ing its corporate structure. If It could absorb the New England Bell. New York Bell, Chesapeake nnd Potomac, Southern Pacific, and all the other operating companies In which It owns practically nil the stock, and put them Into one big corporation, that would avoid much of the tax problem as It stands In tbe bill passed by the house. But there are serious objections to doing this. Among other things. It would make much more difficult and delicate the matter of local re lations. Officials of the local op erating companies are treated with much more consideration In the territory In which they operate than they would be If they were em ployees of the big company. In fact, the difference here Is difficult to ex aggerate. It would arouse an en tirely different feeling toward the local companies on the part of the customers, the public generally, and the city councils and leglsla t tires. Onerous Alternative Yet the alternative—paying tnxes on the dividends of the subsidiary companies—would be very onerous, Indeed, and there Is not too much hope that the senate, In rewriting the tax bill, will eliminate this In tercompany dividend tax. In fnct, the idea Is very dear to President Roosevelt’s heart. It might be termed his pet Idea No. 2 In the whole tax measure. No. 1 being getting the camel’s nose under the edge of the tent In the drive against bigness. What the pro-New Deal stock holders In Telephone who have been squealing nbout the communications commission probe want to know Is what public purpose Is served by putting the company to the neces sity of revamping Its corporate structure. What they hope for Is an amendment, which would put all utilities In a separnte classification, Just as the railroads and banks are put In a separate classification In the house tax bill. The railroads simply must be re lieved of this Intercompany tax plan, they point out, because In many Instances they are prevented by laws and leases, ns well as other difficulties, from simplifying their corporate structures. Fear Repercussions Department of Agriculture offi cials are just a little nervous over possible repercussions from Presi dent Roosevelt’s speech In New York. Especially the President’s laying so much stress on the com munity of Interests between the gnrment workers In New York and the fanners who produce the food of the nation. And his statement that If the people of New York city alone could buy all the food they wanted, It would require three mil lion more acres of good land to supply their needs. For. ns agriculture officials sadly point out—very privately of course —Americans bought foreign agricul tural products which, had they been grown In the United States, would have taken a lot more than three million additional acres to produce. Brushing aside such products as coffee, cocoa beans, tapioca, sago and arrowroot, Imports of all of which Increased, hut which are not produced commercially In the Unit ed States, there were Imports of foreign foodstuffs which could very easily have been produced In this country, thus providing buying pow er for the products of American In dustry, and achieving the very sort of sollldarity on which the Presi dent laid so much stress. For Instance, In 1035 this country Imported 38,870,(XX) bushels of wheat, 43,242,(XX) bushels of corn. 331),(XX) tons of wheat by-product feeds. 320,023,000 pounds of barley malt, 378,000 head of cattle. 245,851, (XX) pounds of tnllow, 22,075,000 pounds of butter, and quantities of foreign produced fats and oils greater thnn ever before In history! Just to give an Iden of the In crease, 1035 butter Imports exceed ed those of the previous year by 1,048 per cent—exceeded the five year average by 1,413 per cent! Blame AAA Program Part of nil this flood of food and feed Imports, of course, was due to the drouth. But hy far the major portion was due to the AAA pro gram. It wns right down the very alley the President was talking about—keeping prices up. Depart ment of Agriculture officials. In their private explanations, say that while the drouth upset their plans, there Is also the Inescnpable fact that they overdid curtailment, even had there been no drouth. On one point the agriculture offl clals are adamant. They do not admit that they overdid the cotton ' curtailment part of the program, but there are plenty of outside ex perts who admit It for them. As n matter of fact, there are senators and representatives from the cotton producing states who are extremely worried about the whole cotton situation. They are not talk ing about It In public, for it would not he popular back home. In the year Just past Secretary of Commerce Daniel C Itoper. him self a South Carolinian, has had some apparent Justification for his contention during the last three years that Brazil Is not really a menace. For Brazil has had a crop failure. But farmers do not dis continue growing a crop out of which they have been making money for several years Just because they have one crop failure. rnnvrlphl — WNL' btU'vkfii Wine Barrels Are Carried Under the Carts. Prepared by National Geographic Society. Washington, D. C.—WNU Service. AO MIGUEL of the Azores is lands is turning from orunges to pineapples as Its chief source of wealth. Excellent or anges are still grown, but since the Island lost the British market a few years ago, pineapple culture has oc cupied agriculturists. Natives of Sao Miguel hope to de velop their Island Into an “Isle of Pines” which will provide « good part of Europe with praetlcully all its fresh supply of pineapples. An Englishman, a skilled horti culturist, arrived ut Sao Miguel more than eighty yeurs ago to lay out the fumous Jose do Canto gar dens. it was he who brought the first pineapples to his employer’s hothouse. Twenty years later the fruit was shipped to England, each pine In Its pot selling for two guin eas. England and Germany are now the chief consumers of Azorian pines, France and continental Por tugal following. The plant, which Is here of the smooth-leaved Cayenne vuriety, Is grown under glass, special beds of fermenting heath or some other mountuin shrub being provided. All the plants are brought to blossom at the same time by u process of smoking, the value of which was ac cidentally discovered many years ago when a carpenter, working In one of the pineapple houses, chanced lo set fire to a pile of shavings. To the surprise of the grower, the plants, Instead of being spoiled, burst Into flower. By this method practically all the plants In a hot house can be marketed at the same time, many months earlier than for merly. Little glass houses shimmer on emeruld slopes In various sections of Suo Miguel, the exclusive pro ducer of pineapples In this archi pelago. Wrapped In cellophane or packed In excelsior and crated, the fruit Is shipped to the European market by a fleet of three vessels owned by the growers. In 1934 about 2,000,000 pines, worth half a million dollars, were exported. Tea, Too, Is Grown There. Another exotic Industry on this island is the production of bluck and green tea, which here retains its original name, "chn.” Ever since they discovered the sea route to In dia nnd planted their settlements as far afield as Macao (Macau), on the coast of China, the Portuguese have been a tea-drlnklng nntlon. There Is an old belief that tea Is better If it has not crossed the sea. Whether this is true or not, Azorian ten tastes to some much like the far eastern variety on its native soil. It Is consumed locally nnd shipped to other parts of Portugal. A number of Chinese were orig inally Imported as instructors in the tea culture, but now only native la bor, chiefly female, is employed. The plantations dot the hillsides on the northern side of the island, which has greater moisture than the south coast. The stiff little evergreen shrubs stand in precise rows, very foreign In appearance, contrasting strangely with the familiar Euro pean flora about them. A motor road parallels the const of Sao Miguel, with connecting cross roads, enabling the traveler to see much of beuuty ailU Interest, even In one day ashore, Including trips to the two largest volcano craters. On the country roads are slow swaying bullock carts, with woven wlllow bodies tilled with heath for the pineapple houses. Some are of archaic pattern, with solid wheels of the Itoman type, their approach heralded by a creaking “song.” Sao Miguel has a deliciously green and restful countryside. Checker board Helds, brown and green, alter nate with woods filled with song birds. These Islands, like those of the Madeira and Canary groups, are the habitat of the wild canary of greenish-gray hue. Its glad note Is one of the pleasantest features of the Azores. Near every stone cottage stands a corn rick where brownish maize in the husk Is hung to dry. It forms the staple cerenl crop of the Islands. Fava beans (broad beans) nnd yams are grown nnd nre leading articles of expoltf. In the Crater of a Volcano. Skirting pine-clad cliffs, a road climbs to a misty, heather-clad ta bleland; then descends into Furnas valley, shut In by towering green walls. Were It not for the puffs of steam ascending from Its many boiling sulphur springs. It would be I difficult to believe that this peace ful vale is the crater of a mighty volcano which more than once poured out its molten lava and which still speaks through vents In the hot sulphur-stained crust around the springs. It is a beautiful picture from the heights, tills quiet, sheltered valley with its long, narrow village mean dering like a stream through woods and meadows. The lake. Jn a raised platform of the crates, lies some dis tance from the settlement, which is a favorite summer resort. Prescott, the famed historian, came to Furnas as a young man to visit at the summer home of his grandfather, first American consu lar officer in Sao Miguel, who was appointed in 1795 ley President Washington. Furnas has a thermal establish ment, where sulphur and iron baths are available. Nearby fountains supply various kinds of mineral water, the place being noted for the diversity of Its waters and the proximity of hot and cold springs. One deep, cavelike caldron, belch ing forth boiling mud and steam, is called “The Mouth of Ilell.” Its evil appearance and the strong smell of sulphur give the Impression that this is really an entrance to the abode of Ills Sntnnlc Majesty. Stately manorial houses, erected centuries ago, nre to be seen throughout Sao Miguel, usually set on the heights. One such house, built In 1724, Is a delightfully ro mantic old place. The big stone paved kitchen has a chimney-place which is a room in Itself. Stand ing in it, beside the huge brick hearth, one can look up the wide chimney, which towers above the house, to a patch of blue sky. Such chimneys are a distinctive feature of Azorian houses. Life of the Inhabitants. The upper class of l’onta Delgada leads a pleusant life, quiet us com pared with the stress of American cities. There is u social club where dancing is a favorite pastime; a coliseum seating 2,000; a sports Held for football, tennis, croquet, and handball; a baseball park; and an open-air sea pool built in the rocks by the shore. There ure motion pictures twice a week, chietiy from Hollywood. American tntluence is apparent In the English spoken throughout the Azores. There seems to be a gen uine liking for the United States. The Stars and Stripes are in evi dence at every festival. During the World war, l’onta Delgada was an American naval base. Economically self-contained, the Jficaelenses are no less Independent when It comes to their social pleas ures. In their amateur shows the scenery Is apt to be painted locnlly, the costumes made in the homes of the young men and women who par ticipate. In their singing, danc ing, and acting these young people exhibit amazing tnlent and poise. The young folks mingle in crowds, but there Is here no such free and easy companionship among them as exists In the United States. The chaperon Is still In vogue and “bal cony courtship’’ Is carried on with Its own prescribed etiquette, the girl leaning over the second story balcony to talk with her admirer on the street below. The finest sight on the island Is the crater of Sete Cidades (Seven Cities). The view from the rim is magnificent. The cup-shaped crater is nearly ten miles in circumference and holds, besides a lake with a hamlet on its shore, pastures and cultivated fields and three volcanic cones due to subsequent eruptions. Owing to varying depths and de posits, the lake, shaped like the fig ure 8. and sometimes spoken of ns two lakes, Is vividly green at one end. brilliantly blue at the other. The Lindberghs, on their aerial odyssey from Greenland's icy moun tains to the steaming jungles of the Amazon, swooped down over this secluded lake. There are many among the poor of the Azores who have suffered since money orders have ceased to arrive from Manoel or Antonio, who formerly prospered in Providence or New Bedford. The Azorian assets are a stoat heart, a willing hand, a productive soil, and a climate which, though damp and rainy six months of the year, is without extremes of temperature. Wages are low, but food is cheap. The main diet of the peasant con sists of soup of cabbages, beans and potatoes, white cornhrend. and fish. Pork and beef are only for special occasions, such ns religious holi days. In the Ponta Delgada market 00 small fish sell for two and a half cents; a pound of green pens for less than two cents. A fresh live lobster, which is only for the well to-do, costs 25 cents. Foreign Words _ and Phrases w Apropos. (F.) Suited to time place or occasion; pertineut; appro prlate. Compte rendu. (F.) Account ren dered. Dolce far niente. (It.) Sweet do ing nothing; delightful Idleness. Experto crede. (L.) Believe one who speaks from his own experi ence. In toto. (L.) In all; entirely. Meum et tuum. (L.) Mine and thine. Nota bene (N. B.). (L.) Note well; take notice. f’eccavi. (L.) I have sinned. Sic itnr nd astra. (L.) Tims one may rise to the stars (1 e., to im mortal fame). Ites gestae (pi.). (L.) All the essen tial circumstances. Sprinkle Peterman's Ant Food along window Bills, doors, any place where ants come and go. Peterman's kills them — red ants, black ants, others. Quick. Safe. Guaranteed effective 24 hours a day. Get Peterman's Ant Food now. 25c, 35c and 60c packages at your dniggist's. He Speeds 70 Miles Home; Finds He Drove Wrong Car T. Shoemaker of Clatskanie, Ore., wanted to get home quickly. He dashed to a parking lot for his car and racedaway. On completing the 70 mile drive, he discovered he had taken some elso’s car and left hte own In the lot. The owner of the borrowed car accepted his apology. 22E SHOE Pressure! 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