SEEN and HEAR
around t/ie
NATIONAL CAPITAL
By Carter Field
FAMOUS WASHINGTON CORRESPONDENT
Washington.—With not even the
members of the federal communica
tions commission knowing what it
is all about, what is wanted, what
possible good can come of it, or
why it is wasting Its time, the in
quiry into the affairs of the Amer
ican Telephone and Telegraph com
pany has bogged down temporarily
while government paid agents,
delving through data supplied them
by the company at a cost of more
than $1,000,000, seek new leads.
So far a deplorable weakness on
the purt of federal and state legis
lators has been demonstrated, in
dicating that the said legislators do
not seem to think It is a crime to
accept cigars, luncheons, and even
theater tickets from oflleinls of the
company Interested in legislation.
Two other Important disclosures
have resulted from the Investigation
*o far:
(1) That the company is pursuing
monopolistic practices.
(2) That It derived considerable
revenue from poolrooms which used
telephone wires to get Information
as to horse race results.
The first the company would
cheerfully have conceded, thus sav
ing both Itself and the government
a lot of expense.
The second no one had thought
of. In particular, though merely to
suggest It would have been to have
It accepted, as no one really thought
the poolrooms were getting their
messages either by telepathy or
wireless. In fact, there Is some sug
gestions that the patrons might not
have trusted telepathy—If the news
obtained thereby was that they had
lost
Important Questions
Which lenves two questions;
(1) Is It the contention of the
government seriously thnt nny cor
poration affected by legislation In
both congress and the 48 state leg
islatures should Ignore the legisla
tors and their proceedings—make
no effort to state Its case?
(2) Is It the contention of nny
federal official thnt rates should be
reduced ?
Strangely enough, while no mem
ber of congress would answer “yes”
to question No. 1 In private, many
of their speeches and actions In In
vestigating committees Indicate that
■uch would be their answers.
To question No. 2, believe It or
not, the answer Is that the members
of the federal communications com
mission do not know, had given the
matter no thought.
From the best possible authority.
Inside the commission, this writer
was Informed that tentative In
quiries were made by telephone of
ficials, before they Btarted accumu
lating the vast amount of data de
manded by the commission, as to
what the commission really wanted.
Was It reduction of rates? Tele
phone officials, pointing out that of
course the commission had to do
only with Interstate, and therefore
mostly long distance rates, Intl
mnted they were considering reduc
ing them anyhow, ns a matter of
business policy—that they had al
ready marked up the time In which
night rates applied, and extended
night rates to all day Sunday.
Which, they admitted, had proved
good business. So maybe If they re
duced all long distance rates they
could earn still more money!
But no one could tell them. Be
cause only one man connected with
the commission knows what it Is all
about, and he wouldn’t tell. Thnt
man Is Paul A. Wnlker, Oklahoma
lawyer, who heads the commission's
telephone division.
Campaign Stuff
Behind the mild but stubborn In
sistence of Senator Arthur H. Van
denberg that Secretary of Agricul
ture Henry A. Wallace supply the
senate with lists of all persons and
corporations paid more than $10,000
In AAA benefits Is a scattering of
Information which promises that
the complete list will make good
campaign material—for Vanden
berg’s party.
Whether Wallace will be able to
avoid furnishing the figure's and
names Is not known yet. They may
be supplied, despite tremendous op
position to such publication by New
Dealers, simply and solely because
If the list Is not supplied the New
Deal critics will begin letting such
facts as they have leak out piece
meal.
Persistent refusal by Wallace will
result eventually In Vandenherg's
rising In the senate and saying that.
Inasmuch as the Department of
Agriculture will not furnish a com
plete list, he will cite some of the
stories that have come to him. and
let the admlnlitration deny them If
it chooses.
One of these stories, for example,
is that one of the very biggest of
the New York banks, against which
various Capitol Hill investigations
have been leveled, received some
thing like $700,000 of AAA money
in sugar benefits! This pxample of
AAA payments Vandenberg has
cited on the floor of the senate.
Another Is that the person who
benefited most from cotton benefit
oayments In North Carolina was a
man who had foreclosed a lot of
mortgages. The amount mild to have
been received by this man Is
$30,000.
In the same way a corporation
that could be called a “big Interest"
received a huge sum from AAA
tobacco benefits.
Vandenberg Insists that he Is
making no charges—he merely
wants the list, and says the senate
Is entitled to the Information.
Graft Not Involved
As u mutter of fact, those on
the Inside say that there Is no par
tlcular question .involved In this
list of the big benefit recipients. No
one has ever questioned that there
was a lot of petty graft In AAA
pnyments—collusion between coun
ty agents and farmers to bring
about benefit payments where actu
ally no reductions In acreage were
made. Experts In the AAA, while
of course not claiming to huve
anything like an accurute Idea of
how widespread this sort of thing
was, point out that It simply could
not have happened In the big enses
—those coming within the scope of
the Vandenberg Inquiry. They are
confident that this “cheating" oc
curred almost exclusively In small
deals—and that, while deplorable
from a moral point of view, such
money was nctunlly put to a very
good use. In that It helped out farm
ers who were really hard up.
Nor is there any contention on
the part of those supplying Van
deuberg and other crltlcul senators
with Information that the big pny
ments were crooked. Actually most
of the big payments, they admit
privately, were for actual acreage
reduction, serving the purpose of
AAA In crop curtailments calcu
lated to hold up the prices of agri
cultural staples.
The violent objection to giving
up the figures Is based entirely on
Hs expected psychological effect
Obviously u farmer who right now
thinks tin* New Deal hus been
pretty good to him Is apt to change
his view If he finds tlint a big New
York bank got thousands of dollars
for every ten he received. The
chap who had a hard time saving
his farm Is going to be annoyed to
find that the champion Shyloek of
his state Is the one who received
the most AAA benefit checks. And
so on.
Worry for Farley
The state of Maine continues to
be the headache of Jim Farley. Not
even the muglc figures of Emil
Ilurja have persuaded the postmas
ter general thnt news of a great
Democratic victory will go ringing
through the country this Septem
ber, encouraging Democratic work
ers in doubtful states to enthuslas
tic battling for the ticket.
There Is one big surprise in a re
cent batch of confidential figures,
obtained from Democratic sources
In the Fine Tree state, and duly re
ported to headquarters here. It Is
that Representative Simon M. Horn
lln, whose defeat of Congressman
Carrol L. Reedy In 1934 was such
a surprise, Is actunlly much strong
er than Representative Edward C.
Moran, Jr., who baa the strongest,
normally. Democratic district.
These confidential figures esti
mated that Hamlin would be de
feuted by less than 3,IKK), whereas
the majority assigned against Moran
wus about 0,000. Apparently the
calculators had no hope of defeat
ing Representative Ralph O. llrew
ster, from the remaining district,
but the big jolt In these figures,
from Farley's point of view, was
an estimate of 85,000 for the Repub
lican gubernatorial candidate!
The report further indicated that
Senator Wallace II. White, Jr.,
would defeat Frederick II. Dubord,
the French-Canadlan who came
so close to defeating Senator
Frederick Hale two years ago, by
an overwhelming majority. As far
us the November election is con
cerned, tills report showed every
cent spent for the Democratic ticket
after the September election would
be Just pure waste. It figured a
much heavier Republican majority
In November than in September.
This is not unusual, ns a matter
of fact. In 1932 Maine electrified
the Democratic workers all over the
country by electing a Democratic
governor, Louis J. Rrnnn, and two
of the three Democratic candidates
for congress.
Turned on the Heat
In 1934, Farley, eager for a na
tlonal endorsement of the Roose
velt administration, turned on all
the heat he could bring to bear In
Maine, with the result that the Dem
ocrats actually succeeded a little
better than they expected. Farley
was delighted at the time. The re
sults encouraged Democratic work
ers in other states fighting for the
November election.
Now he wishes very sincerely that
he had not been so successful In
1934. Governor Hrann, though pop
ular In his own state, Is Just a puln
in the neck to the administration.
It has leaned heavily on his hitter
enemy. Representative Moran.
Coovrlsht —WNU Scrvlc*.
USEFUL BEES
How an Expert Handles Bees.
Prepared by National Geographic Society.
WaahlnKton. U. C.-WNU Service.
HERE are some 800,000 bees
In the United States, produc
ing about 100,000 tons of mar
ketable honey annually. And yet
the bee Is not a native.
There were no bees In North
America when the Spanish explor
ers arrived. Settlers coming In later
expeditions brought them, and at
first the Indians called them the
"white man’s fly.” Since then they
have followed man In his migration
and settlement of every part of the
United States and Canada.
Until recently these Insects’ chief
usefulness to man was their produc
tion of honey and beeswax—no
mean service, since for centuries
honey was virtually the only avail
able sweet. Rut now, as pollinating
agents, they perform a far more Im
portant duty.
In the pioneer stages of American
agriculture, bumblebees and other
native pollinating Insects that fed
upon nectar and pollen were plenti
ful everywhere. But the planting of
vast areas which once were forests,
prairies, and swamps with fields of
grain, orchards, and gardens upset
the delicate balance of nature.
Widespread cultivation of single
plants in huge acreages brought
about an abnormal condition of In
sect population. Injurious species,
afforded an enormous food supply,
prospered and multiplied until now
serious Insect pests menace almost
every Important crop.
Insecticides must bo used to pro
tect farm crops, particularly fruits.
Unfortunately, these materials kill
not only harmful but beneficial In
sects. The toll Includes honeybees
and other wild bees, as well as the
efficient bumblebees—nil the Insects
that carry pollen from one blossom
to nnother.
Plants Need Pollination.
Even yet we scarcely realize the
dependence of many plants upon In
sects to effect pollination. The cut
ting of wood lots and the clean cul
tivation of our fields have added to
the difficulty of survival of our use
ful Insects, with the result that
more and more dependence hns to
be placed upon the honeybee, the
only pollinating Insect thnt can be
propagated and controlled.
Soma plants bear only male flow
ers, which produce pollen but no
fruit, and female flowers In the
same species occur on a separate
plant. To set fruit, pollen from the
male plant must be cnrrled to the
female flower.
Some plants simultaneously bear
both male and female flow’ers, but
still require cross-polllnaflon to set
fruit. Then there Is a third class
In which both sexes occur In the
8ame blossom. Some of these plants
can set fruit with their own pollen.
Rut In many plants pollen from an
other Is necessary to set a full crop
of fruit or seed.
The blossom of the apple, for ex
ample, contains both sexes, but In
most varieties the pollen produced
Is not suitable for polllnlzlng Its
own blossoms. Its flowers must be
fertilized by pollen from an entire
ly different variety.
Although the honeybee Is by no
means domesticated, It Is easily con
trolled. Consequently, millions al
ready are being moved from one
section of the country to another
and placed in orchards and on
farms. Ree men In the South even
offer for sale a pollination package,
a wire cage filled with bees.
The grower distributes the re
quisite number throughout his or
chards, opens the cages, and leaves
the rest to the bees. Hundreds of
full colonies are rented to orchnrd
ists during the peak of the blooming
period. The bee lias also largely re
placed the camel’s hair brush In
pollinating cucumbers under glass.
Were It not for the work of the
honeybee, most of our apple, pear,
plum, and cherry orchards would
bear poor crops, the growing of cer
tain forage crops would be unprofit
able, and the variety and quantity
of our vegetables would be mate
rially reduced.
Found in Nearly All Countries.
Honey and beeswax are produced
over a wider geographical runge
than any other agricultural crop.
There is scarcely a country In
which honeybees are not kept. They
Inhabit the Tropic and Temperate
zones. They ore found In the deserts,
on the mountains, in the plains, and
in swamps, and as far north as
Alaska.
Scattered over the world are sev
eral distinct races, such as the Ital
Ian, Carnlolan, Caucasian, and
Cyprian. All races, everywhere, re
act In almost the same manner. A
skillful beekeeper can succeed fn
Australia ns well as In Ohio, provid
ed he keeps an eye to the weather
and studies the local flora.
If honeybees are properly han
dled, there Is no more danger In
caring for them than In raising
chickens. However, the belief that
bees learn to know their master and
will not sting him is without founda
tion.
During the active season the av
erage life of a bee Is six weeks.
The first two weeks are lived al
most exclusively within the hive,
but thereafter the bees pass most
of the daylight hours In the fields
when the weather is good, in search
of pollen and nectar. Since the
beekeeper rarely opens the hive
more than once a week, there Is lit
tle opportunity for the bees to be
come acquainted with their owner.
Some persons are so constituted
that one sting may prove highly
dangerous to them and require Im
mediate medical attention, but
these cases are rare. Although It
may not be dangerous to most per
sons, a bee sting on the leyelld, the
lip, or the face does not enhance a
person’s beauty.
During the active season, a nor
mal colony contains one queen, a
fully developed female; thousands
of unreproductlve worker bees,
which are females only partly devel
oped ; and several hundred drones,
or male bees. The queen Is en
dowed with great powers of repro
duction. since she can even produce
male progeny without mating, but
she cannot produce female bees,
workers or queens, without going
through the marriage ceremony.
Thus, the maligned drone Is Indis
pensable to the completion of the
Immortal cycle of the honeybee.
Queen’s Wedding Flight.
Upon the wedding flight of the
queen depends the subsequent de
velopment of the colony. On a
bright spring day the virgin queen
emerges from the hive and soars
awny to seek a mate from among
the hundreds of drones cruising
about In the warm sunshine. Bliss
fully, perhaps, the drone Is seeking
nn encounter that will cost him his
life, but Insure the perpetuation of
his race.
A moment after mating the drone
dies and the newly mated queen at
once becomes a widow. But thla
one mating enables the queen for
the rest of her life, three or four
years, to perform her duties.
A few days after returning to the
hive, she begins egg laying, slowly
at first; but nt the height of her
career she may lny as many as 1,500
eggs a day and maintain this rate
for days at a time.
She lays two kinds of eggs. One
kind Is unfertilized and hatches Into
a drone, or male bee. Mating has
no Influence upon this part of her
family. Her sons are not the sons
of her mate or husband, and are
consequently fatherless, but they
cnn claim a grandfather.
The other type of egg is fertilized
by the queen with a male cell, of
which she retains an almost unlim
ited number In a special organ of
her body. The fertilized egg
hatches Into a female bee, usually a
worker.
Thus both workers, or neuter
bees, and queens coma from the
same kind of egg. Yet the two
show marked differences. The
queen has the function of reproduc
tion; the worker bee has not. The
queen bee possesses teeth on her
mandibles, or Jaws; the worker bee
has smooth jaws. The worker bee
lu»s pollen baskets; the queen lacks
them. The worker bee has a
straight, barbed, unretrnctible
sting; the queen has a curved,
smooth sting. The worker bee loses
Its life after stinging, but the queen
does not.
A worker bee takes 21 days to
develop from the egg to the adult,
while a queen, who is much larger,
requires only 15 or 16 days. The
colony itself has the power of de
termining whether a fertilized egg
shall develop into a queen or a
worker bee.
During Its normal existence, only
one queen is necessary to maintain
the population of a colony. Unlike
the worker bee, who lives but six
weeks, the queen may live two,
three, or more years, but eventually
she also becomes old and decrepit
Then a new queen must be raised
to carry on the life of the colony.
FARM KITCHEN GOES
MODERN AS LABOR
SAVING MODE ENTERS
Modern labor-saving devices have
changed the American kitchen from
a place ot drudgery, for the house
wife, to a place where foods are
scientifically prepared In n few min
utes with little effort. And the new
est cooking equipment tins turned It
Into a room of outstanding attrac
tiveness.
Gleaming porcelain has worked a
miracle in the kitchen’s uppenrance.
This sparkling, clean material, which
Is used extensively on modern ranges,
has replaced the dull, drab, lifeless
materials formerly used. This new
kitchen beauty has been extended to
rural homes as well as to those In
the cities. The development of gas
pressure stoves, which may be used
anywhere, has kept pace with stoves
that use natural gas and electricity.
Floors, once neglected because of
the hard use they were subjected
to In the operation of the old-fash
ioned kitchen, together with walls
and ceiling have been toned up to
match the exquisite beauty of the
porcelain enamel.
Kitchens 10,000 Years Old
Found in South Australia
Parts of kitchens believed to be
at least ten thousand years old have
been unearthed near Kingston, South
Australia. They are thought to have
been used by some of Australia’s
earliest Inhabitants. The utensils
consisted of 1.400 sharp-edged axes
of flint and many knives, all of the
Paleolithic age.
Week’* Supply of Postum Free
Itead the offer made by the Postum
Company In another part of this pa
per. They will send a full week’s sup
ply of health giving Postum free to
anyone who writes for It.—Adv.
Camel* Can’t Swim
A camel cannot swim. Possibly he
stops to drink and forgets to paddle
for his life.
ONE PUPIL SCHOOL
After two of the three pupils of a
school near Tweedsmuler, Scotland,
recently left when their fathers
moved from the district, the educa
tion authorities decided that Bri
tain’s smallest school must remain
open with one pupil—a unique edu
cational situation.
CONSTIPATED
30 YEARS
"For thirty years 1 had
chronio constipation.
Sometimes I did not go
for four or five days. /
also had awful gas bloat
ing, headaches and pain
in the back. Adlerika
helped right away. Now
I eat sausage, bananas,
pie, anything / want and
never felt better. 1 sleep soundly all night
and enjoy life.” — Mrs. Mabel Schott.
If you are suffering from constipation,
sleeplessness, sour stomach, and gas
bloating, there is quick relief for you
in Adlerika. Many report action in
30 minutes after taking just one dose.
Adlerika gives complete action, clean
ing your bowel tract where ordinary
laxatives do not even reach
Dr. H. L. Shoub, New York, reports:
“In addition to intestinal cleansing,
Adlerika checks the growth of in
testinal bacteria and colon bacilli.’*
Give your stomach and bowels a real
cleansing with Adlerika and see how
good you feel. Just one spoonful relieves
GAS and chronic constipation. Sold by
all druggists and drug departments.
Slop BUNION Pai.!
Thae toothing, healing pad* give you in
•tant relief from painful bunion*: «too shoe
preMure, cuahioo and ohield the »orTipo»
Sold at all drug. ahoe and dept, gtona.^^
Cuticura brings soothing, wel
come relief. The Ointment aids
in removing dandruff — the
Soap keeps the scalp clean—
and promotes hair beauty.
Buy today. Soap 25c. Ointment 25c
and 60c. FREE sample if you write
“Cuticura,” Dept. 8, Malden, Mass.
PARKER'S
HAIR BALSAM
Uamorea Dandruff-Stop* Hair Falling
Imparts Color and
Baanty to Gray and Faded Hair
60^,?rul at Druyiflat*.
Hlaeox Cham. Wk*,. Patrnoim* N V
FLORESTON SHAMPOO - Ideal for use to
connection with Parker’s Hair Balsam. Makes Urn
hair soft and fluffy. 60 cents by mail or at drns
Biats. Hiscox Chemical Works, Patchofrue. N Y
W/HEN kidneys function badly and
W you suffer a nagging backache,
with dizziness, burning, scanty or too
freauent urination and getting up at
night; when you feel tired, nervous,
alf upset... use Doan’s Pills.
Doan's are especially for poorly
working kidneys. Millions of boxes
are used every year. They are recom
mended the country over. Ask your
neighbor!
WNU— U 16—36
H Guarantee—
This heavy, Super
Traction tread Is
guaranteed not to
loosen hose the lire
body andet any
conditions, aid all
other parts ol I he Nre
are fsslly guaranteed
to give satisfaction.
HEAVY DUTY
4.40/4.50/4.75-21 ...$9.80
4.75/5.00-19.____10.60
4.50/4.75/5.00-20,.. 10.35
5.25/5.50-17.12.50
5.25/5.50-18.12.75
6.00-16.14.15
FOR TRUCKS
32x6 yp» • • > .$27.65
32x6 H.D. 36.25
6.00-20. 16.95
6.50- 20. 21.95
7.00- 20. 29.10
7.50- 20 •••••••«•• • 35*20
7.50- 24. 39.00
8.2 5-20 •••••••••• • 49*30
8 25-24. 54.75
9.00- 20 . 60.75
FOR TRACTORS
5.00- 15.$ 9.35
5.50- 16. 9.9 5
6.00- 16. 11.15
7.50- 18. 15.70
8.25- 40. 68.40
9.00-36 . 66.55
11.25- 24. 59.95
12.75-28 . 86.85
Other Site* Priced Proportionately Lew
© m«. r.T.tB. Co.
Three years ago Harvey S. Firestone
conceived the idea that farm work would be
easier, faster, and more economical if it were done
on rubber.
It was on the Old Homestead farm in
Columbiana County, Ohio, which Mr. Firestone
still operates, that he directed engineers and developed a
practical pneumatic tire for tractors and every other
wheeled implement on the farm. The result was a
(super-traction tire so unusual in design and so amazing
in performance that a patent was issued on the tire by
the United States Patent Office at Washington.
| On tractors, Firestone Ground Grip Tires will
do the work 25 per cent faster with a saving of 25 per
cent in fuel cost. On sprayers, combines, binders and
other farm implements they reduce draft 40 to 50 per
cent; do not pack the soil, sink into soft ground or make
ruts; protect equipment; do not damage crops and vines;
speed up every farm operation.
One set of tires will fit several implements. Tires
can be changed quickly from one implement to another.
Two or three sets are all you need to take care of
practically all your farm implements.
See the Firestone Tire Dealer, implement dealer or
Firestone Auto Supply and Service Store today—and in
placing your order for new equipment, be sure to specify
Firestone Ground Grip Tires on your new tractor or
farm implement.
READ WHAT FARMERS SAY ABOUT
THESE REMARKABLE TIRES
“With my tractor on Ground
Grips it has about one-third
more power, pulls two sixteen
inch plows in high gear under
all conditions.”—R. A.Wharram,
Stanley, I a.
“I can move my tractor on
Ground Grips from one job to
another without the necessity
of loading it onto a trailer.”—
Robert E. Hooker, Highlands,
Calif.
“Mine is a two-plow tractor but
it pulls three 14-inch plows
easily in high gear since 1 put
on Ground Grip Tires.” —
Frank Warrick, Rushville, Ind.
“Ground Grip Tires give my
tractor 100% traction on soft,
wet ground.”—George State,
Minot, N. D.
“Ground Grips save about one
half gallon tractor fuel per hour
—show very little wear after
two years.” — L. R. Love,
LaSalle, Colo.
“In doing custom work on
Ground Grip Tires 1 can net $5
a day over the amount earned
on steel lugs.” — Harold
Elsbury, Sutherland, la.
“Ground Grip Tires won’t
injure fields or roadbeds, or
damage crops or seeding*.”—
Hugh G. Humphreys, N eu>
Hartford, N. Y.
Listen to the Voice of Firestone, Monday
evenings, N. B. C. — WEAF Network