SEEN and HEARD
around the Ij
NATIONAL CAPITAL!
By Carter Field *
FAMOUS WASHINGTON CORRESPONDENT j
Washington.—Five hundred thou
sand additional workers must be ab
sorbed in private employment to
•void an additional relief appropri
ation. That Is the calculation of
experts here who figured on the pre
cise meaning of President Roose
velt's message.
To put It another way, federal re
lief expenditures are to be cut, un
der the President's plan, precisely
the amount that private employers
can save the government relief rolls
by hiring people off them. Roose
velt figures on a saving by this
method of $400,«X),000. This Is the
amount—on the boondoggling type
of project—that taking care of 500,
000 workers would cost.
The cost to private employers
would be much greater, of course,
for private employers pay better
wages than are paid on the boon
doggling projects. It Is fair to com
pare with boondoggling projects,
for the President made It perfectly
clear that everything from now on
ia to be WPA and there Is to be
no more PWA.
This was quite a blow, Incidental
ly, to Harold L. Ickes. He has been
conducting a great propaganda
campaign for “worthwhile" proj
ects, showing that the country ap
proved them enormously, ns Indi
cated by various referendum ballots
taken In various sections on bond
Issues, etc.
Mr. Ickes had a list of nearly
1,500 projects, estimated to cost
$850,000,000, all approved If and
when the money should be appro
priated. All these are now out the
window. They didn't even get ns
far as Quoddy and the Florida ship
canal, which Ickes never did ap
prove.
Would Cut Relief Cost
If business does come through
with the employment of an average
of 500,000 additional men through
out the year, relief expenditures for
the year beginning July 1 will he
Just $400,000,000 smaller than for
the year ending June 30 next. For
the present year, according to the
best estimates obtainable, relief ex
penditures will be $3,500,000,000.
For the year beginning July 1 they
will be, again according to esti
mates, $3,100,000,000.
Next year’s figures are obtained
by adding the $1,500,000,000 that the
President just asked to $000,000,
000 already In the congressional es
timates for CCC camps and other
public works, and then adding In
the $1,000,000,000 that, It Is cal
culated, will be In the federal till
on July 1, left over from this yeur’s
appropriations.
It Is actual spending that counts,
not appropriations. Naturally any
thing looks good compnred with
that $4,880,000,000 In last year’s re
lief bill. llut that billion dollars
left over—at least that Is what the
government actuaries say will be
left over—changes the picture ma
terially.
Aside from the cost of relief and
its obvious effect on tuxes, the most
important phase of the President’s
message was what It may mean to
hours of labor In this country. On
the very day before the message
was read to congress, Senntor Hlnck
announced he would make no ef
fort to push his 30 hour bill.
The President has no Intention of
presenting legislation to force this
shortening of hours. He alluded
regretfully to the NRA codes, but
there Is no Indication they are com
ing back. Indications are that the
President will work for his objec
tive of shorter hours by the labor
union route, which Is more satisfac
tory to union labor leaders, but
leaves out a lot of unorganized
workers.
Make Corporations Pay
There Is a strong possibility that
President Roosevelt’s Idea of elim
inating present corporation taxes,
•a part of his new plan to force
greater distribution to stockholders
of corporation earnings, will be
abandoned before congress con
cludes Its labors with the tax hill.
Congress, In a way of speaking,
has virtually set its heart on mak
lng corporations, and corporation
stockholders, pay all the additional
money needed by the treasury. It
would like nothing better than to
forget all about the proposed excise
taxes, which were, under the Presi
dent’s original plan, to finance the
new farm program.
But It Is already realized Ity those
familiar with the treasury revenue
tables which have been submitted
to the house ways and means com
mittee that this cannot he done If
the President's general idea is fol
lowed. It certainly cannot he done
if all the present corporation taxes
are repealed.
The point is that present corpora
tlon taxes are yielding slightly un
der $1,000,000,000 a year to the fed
eral treusury. It Is estimated that
were they continued they would
yield more than $1.O'X),000.000 for
the calendar year 1.130, because
most corporation earnings promise
to be better this year than last.
It Is also generally conceded that
most corporations would boost their
dividend rates—assuming they are
now pursuing the policy of putting
something Into surplus every year
—so as to avoid the very high tax
levies. There Is such a thing as
mass pressure, even among corpo
ration stockholders. Treasury fig
ures show the astounding figure of
124,120,ft'10 persons who would draw
additional dividends although their
Incomes are so small that they do
not pay Income taxes at all! True,
the additional amount they would
be paid is only a little more than
$.'1 a year each, but It amounts to
$383,000,000. Quite a sizable chunk
to deduct from corporation taxes.
The treasury loses about $00,000,000
right there!
Big Loss to Treasury
The next group number 2,191,302
persons, who would draw $310,000,
000 more In dividends. These have
Incomes from $1,000 to $5,000, thus
getting the lowest income tax rate.
So that on these dividends the treas
ury would get 4 per cent—maximum
—Instead of the 15 per cent they
would pay as corporation Income
taxes, plus the capital stock tax
and the excess profits tax.
Also, the earnings thus forced
out In dividends would distribute
about $370,000,000 a year to Institu
tional investors who would be ex
empt under any plan that has a
Chinaman's chance of going through.
Another loss of $60,000,000 from the
present system.
All of which, as the ways and
means committee members know
perfectly well. Is without making
any allowance whatsoever for In
creased spending by corporations,
which would seek to build up sur
plus In unother form than dollars
or additional plnnt. For example,
by advertising.
Some of the biggest surplus accu
mulators among corporations are
those which manufacture and sell
to the public articles whose contin
ued sale Is dependent upon adver
tising.
No “Must” List
President Roosevelt has practi
cally no “must" list of legislation
for congress, If one excepts the tux
bill. True, he Is back of the Nor
ris bill, which WOUld lend $50,000,
000 a year for two years, and then
$40,000,000 a year for eight more,
for the development of the rural
electric projects. But this has al
ready passed the senate, and It Is
the senate where the time element
Is Important. The bouse could ar
range to adjourn a week from any
Tuesday and not even hnve to burry
Its normal speed.
But there are pending a great
many measures which are of enor
mous Importance, especially to busi
ness men, manufacturers, shippers,
and tnx producers generally. Inter
est In them for the Inst ten dnys
has been almost entirely submerged
by the greater Importance of the
tnx bill, the one “must" measure.
But there they are, and some of
them will probably pass.
For Instance, there is the Pat
mnn Koblnson bill. It alms at pre
venting manufacturers from giving
big customers what the Federal
Trade commission regards as an un
fairly large discount. The two shin
ing targets, of course, are the chain
stores and the mall order houses.
Maybe this measure will be so
emasculated that It won’t menn any
thing. Mnybe In final form It will
be so drastic that It will really do
what Its hackers hope for. Consider
the possibilities of the latter. One
Is that the big chains and mall or
der houses would Just go In for
manufacturing In a big way, prob
ably buying out the present Inde
pendent manufacturers who are sell
ing to them more cheaply than they
sell to the "little fellows" who are
the competitors of the chains and
mall order houses. Either that or
the manufacturer whose chief bust
ness comes through orders from the
chains or mall order bouses simply
decides to throw In his lot with the
big ones altogether. The law can
prevent discriminations, but It can
not force a manufacturer to sell
when he doesn t wnnt to do so.
Walsh-Healey Bill
Consider the Walsh-Healey bill
They are really two bills. But they
atm nt forcing contractors getting
government money to comply with
the old NBA codes.
In view of the fact that the gov
ernment Is spending such a prodi
gious amount these days—In fact a
very sizable percentage of all the
money spent, especially In the heavy
Industries—here Is a law that is of
vital Interest, to put It mildly, to a
lot of business men. The odds
against Its passage should he about
three to two, hut there Is no telling.
Important to nil railroads and
truckers, and stockholders In either.
Is the Pettenglll bill. 'Phis would
permit the railroads to forget all
about previous rules on long and
short hauls. It would virtually per
mlt the railroads to make rates so
as to get the business, or any par
tlcular bit of It, without revising all
their rates and throwing their rate
structure haywire.
Copyright—WNU Servleo.
HO$7^RE
Voa7©DAY
f DR. JAMES W. BARTON
T*lki About ®
Cutting Down on Water
PRACTICALLY every over
weight individual knows
that potatoes, bread, and sugar
help greatly to form fat in the
body and accordingly these
three items are usually eaten
in very small amounts by those
who afe faithfully trying to reduce
their weight.
Most overweights also know that
fat foods—cream, butter, fat meats,
nuts, egg yolks—by preventing
wear and tear In the tissues prevent
loss of body weight.
However It would seem that there
are still a great many overweights
Dr. Barton
wno <10 not seem to
know that water In
the body tissues
adds greatly to the
weight of the body,
makes life uncom
fortable, and inter
feres with the
proper action of
the organs and tis
sues Just as does
fat tissue itself.
This fact is known
to boxers, wres
tlers, Jockeys and
others whose athletic endeavors call
for speed, skill and endurance. The
first thought of boxers, for Instance,
after being weighed In, Is not food
but water or other liquids, as the
"drying out” process has left them
terribly thirsty.
And when we remember that
every pound of fat tissue can and
does often hold over three pounds
of water, we can readily realize
what It means to the weight of the
body If too much liquid is not used,
as liquids feed water to the fat tis
sues of the body.
This Is the reason that exercise
Is such a wonderful weight reducer.
The exercise heats up the body,
first gets rid of surplus water In the
skin, then draws up the surplus
water In the fat, and then heats
and removes some of the fat itself.
And the great point about exercise
Is that the water and fat are grad
ually replaced by muscle tissue.
This muscle tissue not only
strengthens the individual and
makes him willing to take more ex
ercise, but muscle tissue does not
hold extra water as does fat tissue.
Already Water-Logged.
The thought then for overweights
Is that while water Is necessary to
every one, and most of us do not
drink enough of It, the overweight
Is already water-logged and does
not need so much water. The over
weight should drink some water
whenever he feels he must, but a
quarter to one-third of the usual
amount Is all that should be taken.
Another point that Is not remem
bered by overweights is that enting
too much salt will prevent loss of
weight, as it has been found that a
grain of salt will hold seventy times
Its weight of water. Thus a per
son can easily carry one to one and
a half gallons of water In his body,
kept there by salt, without showing
swelling.
Now salt Is necessary for health
and for life Itself. Salt preserves
the tissues from disorganization
and putrefaction, is needed by the
blood to hold certain materials In
solution. It regulntes the chemlcnl
reaction of the blood and various
Juices of the body.
Use Smalt Quantities.
However, In overweights, anxious
to rid themselves of water, salt
must be taken in small quantities.
This Is a real hardship because
overweights are usually good eaters
and like their food well-seasoned.
Now how are these overweights
who hnve developed a liking or per
haps a craving for salt going to cut
down on salt without too much
hardship?
Dietitians tell us that raw vegeta
bles do not require salt; that there
Is enough salt in them to make
them “tasty.”
“Meat can be made tasty without
the use of salt by browning it quick
ly and adding only a little water.
Natural condiments such as cara
way seed, mustard, nutmeg, onions,
cheese, butter, and lemon can be
used.”
• * •
Treating Varicose Veins
There seems to be n tendency to
wards varicose veins in some fam
ilies, while other eases are due to
overweight or to overlifting. When
the veins are small, cause no dis
comfort, no swelling or other symp
tom they should be forgotten as
there is no need for treatment.
When, however, there is discomfort
or the veins are unsightly, their re
moval by the injection treatment
or by surgery must be considered.
Dr. J. S. Bobo, Gadsden, Ala., in
the Alabama Medical Association
Journnl describes a method now in
use to find out if treatment should
be given. A tourniquet (tight band)
is placed round the lower part of
the thigh Just tight enough to ob
struct the return flow of the blood
In the veins just below the surface
of the skin, and the patient is al
lowed to walk about the room for
several minutes to observe if the
deep veins are working notwith
standing this band around the thigh.
ffi-WNC Service.
I Village
Life in
Color and Cushion* Surrc
Prepared by National Geographic Soclatl.
Washington, D. C.—WNU Service.
44T TANTED, female servant;
wages by the month to be
' ™ clothes, potatoes, carrots,
beans—and sixty cents.”
This is not a line from a musical
comedy, or a funny movie subtitle,
but the translation of a bona fide
“want-ad."
In an American newspaper it
might reasonably have aroused curi
osity, if not investigation by a local
union, but It caused no unusual stir
among the crowd of peasants in the
small town of Mezokovesd in Hun
gary, as the town crier shouted It
out. There was all the weekly
news, ns well as the rest of the “ad
vertising" to be heard. The oral
Journalists of Mezokovesd were In
forming the townspeople of the
week’s events, at the usual Sunday
morning gathering.
Even with Lenten restrictions,
there is little curbing of gaiety
among the peasants on their treas
ured weekly holiday In Mezokovesd.
True, you may have no opportunity
of seeing a marriage dance. Never
theless, the air is full of merry ex
citement and happy chattering.
And no one can smile more whole
heartedly and infectiously than the
young Hungarian girl 1
Mezokovesd is a most typical of
Hungarian villages; there the trav
eler may see the real peasant life
of the country. The town’s popula
tion is some 20,000; it is about three
hours’ ride to the east of Budapest,
and only two trains a day make the
trip.
Sunday afternoons the healthy lot
of villagers parade in their festival
finery, the heavily embroidered cos
tumes ablaze with bright colors.
And of a Sunday morning the life
of the town centers in the church,
always crowded to the doors, and
In the weekly “newspaper."
At ten o’clock on Sunday morning
you find the streets almost deserted.
It is a brisk day and you are glad
to have the protection of a heavy
coat.
First Church, Then New*.
You walk to the center of the
town, some distance from the rail
road station, and enter the church.
If It were not for the snving land
mark of the church steeple, it would
be easy to get lost in any Hungarian
town. Since all the whitewashed
mud houses are low, the guiding
steeple can be seen from any place
to w'hlch one may wander.
There is little standing room in
the church, and you find the air too
incense-laden to linger long. Be
sides, your presence causes much
curiosity, so thnt the chanting wom
en, with shawl-covered heads, and
the men, telling their beads, are be
ing distracted from their devotion.
So you leave and walk about the
square, marveling occasionally at
the sight of an American-made prod
uct in one of the shop windows.
And presently the church bells an
nounce the close of the service.
Then the church doors open and
crowds of black-clad figures pour
out. As If waiting for this signal,
two gendarmes take their places on
opposite sides of the large square
iu front of the church and begin to
beat a vigorous tattoo on their
drums. From the church the people
gather In two crowds about these
olliclals, who draw forth important
looking documents of paper and be
gin their rending.
It is an education and a revela
tion to hear the news of Mezokovesd.
“A cow was lost on Tuesday. If
anyone has found her let him report
to the town headquarters.”
There is a long list of farms to
rent and sell; plows to rent, serv
ants to hire. The usual monthly
wage of the servants is seldom
more than three or four pengos (a
pengo is worth about thirty cents)
added to certain supplies and their
needed clothing. It is sutlicient, no
doubt; their wants are few.
Any national news of importance
Is told; new laws are read. It is an
amusingly terse, clear effort, when
one contemplates the columns of
unread copy in our own metropol
itan papers.
This rite over, the peasants de
und a Mezokovead Baby.
part to their homes and the town
Is suddenly as quiet as on a week
day, for during thd week all the
young men and women are out In
the fields, and only the very old
and the very young remain In the
village.
Sunday Afternoon Parade.
Dinner, and then you are among
the gaily dressed crowds, on their
weekly parade about the town.
They wait always until the after
noon before donning their gorgeous
costumes and then they pour Into
the streets like the sudden blossom
ing of a garden. Indeed, the pretty
aprons are surprisingly like gar
dens, or bright flowers in a basket,
or clusters of posies In the sunlight.
Their embroidery is peculiar to
Hungary. Small pieces of It, on sale
at one of the homes may be too
gaudy to attract some travelers;
but on a black apron and a tightly
fitting Jacket, It seems most appro
priate and quaint.
The men of the town are quite
as ornately garbed as the women.
They are smartly dressed in black
velvet trousers made much like rid
ing breeches, short Jackets, and
leather boots shined to a glow.
Some of them also wear the long
black aprons embroidered by a dot
ing mother or an adoring and duti
ful sweetheart. And all of them
wear green hats, round and high—
shaped somewhat like a derby—
with feathers of varying size and
color perched on the side.
But the Sunday parades are not
courting parties. Far from It. The
men keep to themselves, and the
women walk apart from them, for
etiquette In Mezokovesd does not
permit any promenading in couples.
Not even the married ones walk to
gether.
And so the boys contrive their
own little fun as they pass the
maidens—calling to them, teasing
them by pulling at one corner of
their aprons, or tweaking a long
braid of hair. Shiny faces blush
and the girls giggle—and probably
think it the very best pnrt of the
entire day! Unmarried girls always
go bareheaded, even in the winter
months. It Is only after the mar
riage service that a young girl may
put up her hair and wear the distinc
tive headdress of the married
woman.
Then the hair ribbons are dis
pensed with and the long braids are
wound about the head, so that a
cone-shaped cap can be pinned on.
Over this Is placed the satin shawl
that marks the girl as a young ma
tron.
The new brides are easily found.
They will be walking together, few
of them more than eighteen years
old, and some several years young
er, still giggling when they pass
their young husbands, and proudly
conscious of their new coiffures.
Courting and Marriage.
Courting? Oh. yes, when they
meet at the Sunday balls. And at
home, too. But the mother is al
ways present there, and it is more
an ordeal titan a pleaure. But every
Sunday afternoon, except during
Lent, they hold a dance, and the
young people find It very satisfac
tory for getting acquainted uud
falling In love.
When a boy has found ids chosen
wife, and she looks favorably on
him, the young man asks her father.
If the father is willing, the young
fellow sends two of his friends to
ask formally for her hand, and this
is considered the official announce
ment of the couple’s engagement.
Then follows the wedding at a
Sunday dance. The bride, inciden
tally, must have complete furnish
ings for her new house, including
linens and clothes for herself. Usu
ally some money or a cow goes with
Iter, too. A father of many daugh
ters has his hands full to get her
dowry together.
An Interesting phase of the social
life in Mezokovesd are the commu
nity wells, where the women gather
daily for their buckets of water.
The water is drawn up by a long
pole, out of reach of childish hands.
This is the club of the neighbor
hood women, where they chat and
exchange the latest news.
Spirited Pup Is Easy
to Do in Cross Stitch
' ^ThU&SOftV * » \
.SUNDAY_
T' I
PATTERN 5493
Isn’t he versatile—this pup that
can wash, iron, sew and even play a
violin? Just having him around—on
tea towels or scarf ends, will bright
en your day. Brighten, too. the
hours you spend embroidering his
amusing antics in cross stitch.
They’re ever so easy to do—with
crosses 8 to the inch, and before you
know it you’ve one for each day of
the week. Use a variety of colors,
or two shades of any color that you
like.
In pattern 5493 you will find a
transfer pattern of seven motifs av
eraging 5 by 8 Inches; color sugges
tions; material requirements; illus
trations of all the stitches that are
needed.
Send 15 cents In stamps or coins
(coins preferred) to The Sewing Cir
cle, Household Arts Department, 259
West Fourteenth Street, New York,
N. Y.
Double Punishment
‘The other night I went to an
amateur theatrical performance, then
went, home and had a terrible
dream.”
“What did you dream?’
“I dreamt I went to it again."—
Tld-BIts Magazine.
• ‘ .|f . ■, •1 •1 !vlvlv!1 ".•!II ......
( WRlGLE-y'S FITS EVE**/ [
| v—» pocket book » t
jfl life. In fact you pay less lor a Liemp- &
fl eter because it costa less per year of p
service than any other on the market. P
1. First cost is practically the only cost »■
Alik I fj ki I I
XSjIAHftX
RE AN ARTIST
• rrapera tor a wall X
paying profauion in tha \
Waat'a landing Commar- •
dal Art School. Wilta
lor FREE litaratura.
THE OLD HOG
“The farmer’s wife tells me it 1*
profitable to keep a pig to get rid
scraps around the house.”
“I presume so. I find, however*
that my husband will eat almost
anything.”
Not Even Tarnished
“You ain’t got no brains.”
“Ain’t got no brains? Why, man.
Ah got brains which ain’t been,
used.”
WRIGLEY’S.
fH* PERFECT GUM^
A True 'Vord
It Is a good and safe rule to so
journ In every place as if you meant
to spend your life there, never omit
ting an opportunity of doing a kind
ness, or speaking a true word, or
making a friend.—J. Ruskin.
Greatness
It Is not required of every man
and woman to be or to do something
great; most of us must content our
selves with taking small parts In th»
chorus as far as possible without
discord.
Hollywood’s latest rage!
Big, de luxe photographs
fashioned into unique
statuettes that stand up
by themselves on your
table or dresser. Every
one over 7 inches high—
every one autographed!
TRIPLE SEALED TO
GUARD FRESHNESS
A
OIT YOUR CHOICE OP
THESE GREAT MOVIE STARS
JOAN BENNETT
JOAN BLONDELL
JAMES CAGNEY
CLAUDETTE COLBERT
GARY COOPER
A BING CROSBY
■ BETTE DAVIS
P OLIVIA DE HAVILLAND
MARLENE DIETRICH
ERROL FLYNN
BUCK JONES
RUBY KEELER
CAROLE LOMBARD
FRED MAC MURRAY
PAT O’BRIEN
DICK POWELL
GEORGE RAFT
RANDOLPH SCOTT
MARGARET SULLAVAN
MAE WEST
Send only two box tops from
Quaker Puffed Wheat or
Rice for each photo statuette
wanted. Mail to
The Quaker Oats Co.
^^^t>.0. Box 1083, Chicxfo, 111.
r
