The frontier. (O'Neill City, Holt County, Neb.) 1880-1965, April 09, 1936, Image 2
SEEN and HEARD around the Ij NATIONAL CAPITAL! By Carter Field * FAMOUS WASHINGTON CORRESPONDENT j Washington.—Five hundred thou sand additional workers must be ab sorbed in private employment to •void an additional relief appropri ation. That Is the calculation of experts here who figured on the pre cise meaning of President Roose velt's message. To put It another way, federal re lief expenditures are to be cut, un der the President's plan, precisely the amount that private employers can save the government relief rolls by hiring people off them. Roose velt figures on a saving by this method of $400,«X),000. This Is the amount—on the boondoggling type of project—that taking care of 500, 000 workers would cost. The cost to private employers would be much greater, of course, for private employers pay better wages than are paid on the boon doggling projects. It Is fair to com pare with boondoggling projects, for the President made It perfectly clear that everything from now on ia to be WPA and there Is to be no more PWA. This was quite a blow, Incidental ly, to Harold L. Ickes. He has been conducting a great propaganda campaign for “worthwhile" proj ects, showing that the country ap proved them enormously, ns Indi cated by various referendum ballots taken In various sections on bond Issues, etc. Mr. Ickes had a list of nearly 1,500 projects, estimated to cost $850,000,000, all approved If and when the money should be appro priated. All these are now out the window. They didn't even get ns far as Quoddy and the Florida ship canal, which Ickes never did ap prove. Would Cut Relief Cost If business does come through with the employment of an average of 500,000 additional men through out the year, relief expenditures for the year beginning July 1 will he Just $400,000,000 smaller than for the year ending June 30 next. For the present year, according to the best estimates obtainable, relief ex penditures will be $3,500,000,000. For the year beginning July 1 they will be, again according to esti mates, $3,100,000,000. Next year’s figures are obtained by adding the $1,500,000,000 that the President just asked to $000,000, 000 already In the congressional es timates for CCC camps and other public works, and then adding In the $1,000,000,000 that, It Is cal culated, will be In the federal till on July 1, left over from this yeur’s appropriations. It Is actual spending that counts, not appropriations. Naturally any thing looks good compnred with that $4,880,000,000 In last year’s re lief bill. llut that billion dollars left over—at least that Is what the government actuaries say will be left over—changes the picture ma terially. Aside from the cost of relief and its obvious effect on tuxes, the most important phase of the President’s message was what It may mean to hours of labor In this country. On the very day before the message was read to congress, Senntor Hlnck announced he would make no ef fort to push his 30 hour bill. The President has no Intention of presenting legislation to force this shortening of hours. He alluded regretfully to the NRA codes, but there Is no Indication they are com ing back. Indications are that the President will work for his objec tive of shorter hours by the labor union route, which Is more satisfac tory to union labor leaders, but leaves out a lot of unorganized workers. Make Corporations Pay There Is a strong possibility that President Roosevelt’s Idea of elim inating present corporation taxes, •a part of his new plan to force greater distribution to stockholders of corporation earnings, will be abandoned before congress con cludes Its labors with the tax hill. Congress, In a way of speaking, has virtually set its heart on mak lng corporations, and corporation stockholders, pay all the additional money needed by the treasury. It would like nothing better than to forget all about the proposed excise taxes, which were, under the Presi dent’s original plan, to finance the new farm program. But It Is already realized Ity those familiar with the treasury revenue tables which have been submitted to the house ways and means com mittee that this cannot he done If the President's general idea is fol lowed. It certainly cannot he done if all the present corporation taxes are repealed. The point is that present corpora tlon taxes are yielding slightly un der $1,000,000,000 a year to the fed eral treusury. It Is estimated that were they continued they would yield more than $1.O'X),000.000 for the calendar year 1.130, because most corporation earnings promise to be better this year than last. It Is also generally conceded that most corporations would boost their dividend rates—assuming they are now pursuing the policy of putting something Into surplus every year —so as to avoid the very high tax levies. There Is such a thing as mass pressure, even among corpo ration stockholders. Treasury fig ures show the astounding figure of 124,120,ft'10 persons who would draw additional dividends although their Incomes are so small that they do not pay Income taxes at all! True, the additional amount they would be paid is only a little more than $.'1 a year each, but It amounts to $383,000,000. Quite a sizable chunk to deduct from corporation taxes. The treasury loses about $00,000,000 right there! Big Loss to Treasury The next group number 2,191,302 persons, who would draw $310,000, 000 more In dividends. These have Incomes from $1,000 to $5,000, thus getting the lowest income tax rate. So that on these dividends the treas ury would get 4 per cent—maximum —Instead of the 15 per cent they would pay as corporation Income taxes, plus the capital stock tax and the excess profits tax. Also, the earnings thus forced out In dividends would distribute about $370,000,000 a year to Institu tional investors who would be ex empt under any plan that has a Chinaman's chance of going through. Another loss of $60,000,000 from the present system. All of which, as the ways and means committee members know perfectly well. Is without making any allowance whatsoever for In creased spending by corporations, which would seek to build up sur plus In unother form than dollars or additional plnnt. For example, by advertising. Some of the biggest surplus accu mulators among corporations are those which manufacture and sell to the public articles whose contin ued sale Is dependent upon adver tising. No “Must” List President Roosevelt has practi cally no “must" list of legislation for congress, If one excepts the tux bill. True, he Is back of the Nor ris bill, which WOUld lend $50,000, 000 a year for two years, and then $40,000,000 a year for eight more, for the development of the rural electric projects. But this has al ready passed the senate, and It Is the senate where the time element Is Important. The bouse could ar range to adjourn a week from any Tuesday and not even hnve to burry Its normal speed. But there are pending a great many measures which are of enor mous Importance, especially to busi ness men, manufacturers, shippers, and tnx producers generally. Inter est In them for the Inst ten dnys has been almost entirely submerged by the greater Importance of the tnx bill, the one “must" measure. But there they are, and some of them will probably pass. For Instance, there is the Pat mnn Koblnson bill. It alms at pre venting manufacturers from giving big customers what the Federal Trade commission regards as an un fairly large discount. The two shin ing targets, of course, are the chain stores and the mall order houses. Maybe this measure will be so emasculated that It won’t menn any thing. Mnybe In final form It will be so drastic that It will really do what Its hackers hope for. Consider the possibilities of the latter. One Is that the big chains and mall or der houses would Just go In for manufacturing In a big way, prob ably buying out the present Inde pendent manufacturers who are sell ing to them more cheaply than they sell to the "little fellows" who are the competitors of the chains and mall order houses. Either that or the manufacturer whose chief bust ness comes through orders from the chains or mall order bouses simply decides to throw In his lot with the big ones altogether. The law can prevent discriminations, but It can not force a manufacturer to sell when he doesn t wnnt to do so. Walsh-Healey Bill Consider the Walsh-Healey bill They are really two bills. But they atm nt forcing contractors getting government money to comply with the old NBA codes. In view of the fact that the gov ernment Is spending such a prodi gious amount these days—In fact a very sizable percentage of all the money spent, especially In the heavy Industries—here Is a law that is of vital Interest, to put It mildly, to a lot of business men. The odds against Its passage should he about three to two, hut there Is no telling. Important to nil railroads and truckers, and stockholders In either. Is the Pettenglll bill. 'Phis would permit the railroads to forget all about previous rules on long and short hauls. It would virtually per mlt the railroads to make rates so as to get the business, or any par tlcular bit of It, without revising all their rates and throwing their rate structure haywire. Copyright—WNU Servleo. HO$7^RE Voa7©DAY f DR. JAMES W. BARTON T*lki About ® Cutting Down on Water PRACTICALLY every over weight individual knows that potatoes, bread, and sugar help greatly to form fat in the body and accordingly these three items are usually eaten in very small amounts by those who afe faithfully trying to reduce their weight. Most overweights also know that fat foods—cream, butter, fat meats, nuts, egg yolks—by preventing wear and tear In the tissues prevent loss of body weight. However It would seem that there are still a great many overweights Dr. Barton wno <10 not seem to know that water In the body tissues adds greatly to the weight of the body, makes life uncom fortable, and inter feres with the proper action of the organs and tis sues Just as does fat tissue itself. This fact is known to boxers, wres tlers, Jockeys and others whose athletic endeavors call for speed, skill and endurance. The first thought of boxers, for Instance, after being weighed In, Is not food but water or other liquids, as the "drying out” process has left them terribly thirsty. And when we remember that every pound of fat tissue can and does often hold over three pounds of water, we can readily realize what It means to the weight of the body If too much liquid is not used, as liquids feed water to the fat tis sues of the body. This Is the reason that exercise Is such a wonderful weight reducer. The exercise heats up the body, first gets rid of surplus water In the skin, then draws up the surplus water In the fat, and then heats and removes some of the fat itself. And the great point about exercise Is that the water and fat are grad ually replaced by muscle tissue. This muscle tissue not only strengthens the individual and makes him willing to take more ex ercise, but muscle tissue does not hold extra water as does fat tissue. Already Water-Logged. The thought then for overweights Is that while water Is necessary to every one, and most of us do not drink enough of It, the overweight Is already water-logged and does not need so much water. The over weight should drink some water whenever he feels he must, but a quarter to one-third of the usual amount Is all that should be taken. Another point that Is not remem bered by overweights is that enting too much salt will prevent loss of weight, as it has been found that a grain of salt will hold seventy times Its weight of water. Thus a per son can easily carry one to one and a half gallons of water In his body, kept there by salt, without showing swelling. Now salt Is necessary for health and for life Itself. Salt preserves the tissues from disorganization and putrefaction, is needed by the blood to hold certain materials In solution. It regulntes the chemlcnl reaction of the blood and various Juices of the body. Use Smalt Quantities. However, In overweights, anxious to rid themselves of water, salt must be taken in small quantities. This Is a real hardship because overweights are usually good eaters and like their food well-seasoned. Now how are these overweights who hnve developed a liking or per haps a craving for salt going to cut down on salt without too much hardship? Dietitians tell us that raw vegeta bles do not require salt; that there Is enough salt in them to make them “tasty.” “Meat can be made tasty without the use of salt by browning it quick ly and adding only a little water. Natural condiments such as cara way seed, mustard, nutmeg, onions, cheese, butter, and lemon can be used.” • * • Treating Varicose Veins There seems to be n tendency to wards varicose veins in some fam ilies, while other eases are due to overweight or to overlifting. When the veins are small, cause no dis comfort, no swelling or other symp tom they should be forgotten as there is no need for treatment. When, however, there is discomfort or the veins are unsightly, their re moval by the injection treatment or by surgery must be considered. Dr. J. S. Bobo, Gadsden, Ala., in the Alabama Medical Association Journnl describes a method now in use to find out if treatment should be given. A tourniquet (tight band) is placed round the lower part of the thigh Just tight enough to ob struct the return flow of the blood In the veins just below the surface of the skin, and the patient is al lowed to walk about the room for several minutes to observe if the deep veins are working notwith standing this band around the thigh. ffi-WNC Service. I Village Life in Color and Cushion* Surrc Prepared by National Geographic Soclatl. Washington, D. C.—WNU Service. 44T TANTED, female servant; wages by the month to be ' ™ clothes, potatoes, carrots, beans—and sixty cents.” This is not a line from a musical comedy, or a funny movie subtitle, but the translation of a bona fide “want-ad." In an American newspaper it might reasonably have aroused curi osity, if not investigation by a local union, but It caused no unusual stir among the crowd of peasants in the small town of Mezokovesd in Hun gary, as the town crier shouted It out. There was all the weekly news, ns well as the rest of the “ad vertising" to be heard. The oral Journalists of Mezokovesd were In forming the townspeople of the week’s events, at the usual Sunday morning gathering. Even with Lenten restrictions, there is little curbing of gaiety among the peasants on their treas ured weekly holiday In Mezokovesd. True, you may have no opportunity of seeing a marriage dance. Never theless, the air is full of merry ex citement and happy chattering. And no one can smile more whole heartedly and infectiously than the young Hungarian girl 1 Mezokovesd is a most typical of Hungarian villages; there the trav eler may see the real peasant life of the country. The town’s popula tion is some 20,000; it is about three hours’ ride to the east of Budapest, and only two trains a day make the trip. Sunday afternoons the healthy lot of villagers parade in their festival finery, the heavily embroidered cos tumes ablaze with bright colors. And of a Sunday morning the life of the town centers in the church, always crowded to the doors, and In the weekly “newspaper." At ten o’clock on Sunday morning you find the streets almost deserted. It is a brisk day and you are glad to have the protection of a heavy coat. First Church, Then New*. You walk to the center of the town, some distance from the rail road station, and enter the church. If It were not for the snving land mark of the church steeple, it would be easy to get lost in any Hungarian town. Since all the whitewashed mud houses are low, the guiding steeple can be seen from any place to w'hlch one may wander. There is little standing room in the church, and you find the air too incense-laden to linger long. Be sides, your presence causes much curiosity, so thnt the chanting wom en, with shawl-covered heads, and the men, telling their beads, are be ing distracted from their devotion. So you leave and walk about the square, marveling occasionally at the sight of an American-made prod uct in one of the shop windows. And presently the church bells an nounce the close of the service. Then the church doors open and crowds of black-clad figures pour out. As If waiting for this signal, two gendarmes take their places on opposite sides of the large square iu front of the church and begin to beat a vigorous tattoo on their drums. From the church the people gather In two crowds about these olliclals, who draw forth important looking documents of paper and be gin their rending. It is an education and a revela tion to hear the news of Mezokovesd. “A cow was lost on Tuesday. If anyone has found her let him report to the town headquarters.” There is a long list of farms to rent and sell; plows to rent, serv ants to hire. The usual monthly wage of the servants is seldom more than three or four pengos (a pengo is worth about thirty cents) added to certain supplies and their needed clothing. It is sutlicient, no doubt; their wants are few. Any national news of importance Is told; new laws are read. It is an amusingly terse, clear effort, when one contemplates the columns of unread copy in our own metropol itan papers. This rite over, the peasants de und a Mezokovead Baby. part to their homes and the town Is suddenly as quiet as on a week day, for during thd week all the young men and women are out In the fields, and only the very old and the very young remain In the village. Sunday Afternoon Parade. Dinner, and then you are among the gaily dressed crowds, on their weekly parade about the town. They wait always until the after noon before donning their gorgeous costumes and then they pour Into the streets like the sudden blossom ing of a garden. Indeed, the pretty aprons are surprisingly like gar dens, or bright flowers in a basket, or clusters of posies In the sunlight. Their embroidery is peculiar to Hungary. Small pieces of It, on sale at one of the homes may be too gaudy to attract some travelers; but on a black apron and a tightly fitting Jacket, It seems most appro priate and quaint. The men of the town are quite as ornately garbed as the women. They are smartly dressed in black velvet trousers made much like rid ing breeches, short Jackets, and leather boots shined to a glow. Some of them also wear the long black aprons embroidered by a dot ing mother or an adoring and duti ful sweetheart. And all of them wear green hats, round and high— shaped somewhat like a derby— with feathers of varying size and color perched on the side. But the Sunday parades are not courting parties. Far from It. The men keep to themselves, and the women walk apart from them, for etiquette In Mezokovesd does not permit any promenading in couples. Not even the married ones walk to gether. And so the boys contrive their own little fun as they pass the maidens—calling to them, teasing them by pulling at one corner of their aprons, or tweaking a long braid of hair. Shiny faces blush and the girls giggle—and probably think it the very best pnrt of the entire day! Unmarried girls always go bareheaded, even in the winter months. It Is only after the mar riage service that a young girl may put up her hair and wear the distinc tive headdress of the married woman. Then the hair ribbons are dis pensed with and the long braids are wound about the head, so that a cone-shaped cap can be pinned on. Over this Is placed the satin shawl that marks the girl as a young ma tron. The new brides are easily found. They will be walking together, few of them more than eighteen years old, and some several years young er, still giggling when they pass their young husbands, and proudly conscious of their new coiffures. Courting and Marriage. Courting? Oh. yes, when they meet at the Sunday balls. And at home, too. But the mother is al ways present there, and it is more an ordeal titan a pleaure. But every Sunday afternoon, except during Lent, they hold a dance, and the young people find It very satisfac tory for getting acquainted uud falling In love. When a boy has found ids chosen wife, and she looks favorably on him, the young man asks her father. If the father is willing, the young fellow sends two of his friends to ask formally for her hand, and this is considered the official announce ment of the couple’s engagement. Then follows the wedding at a Sunday dance. The bride, inciden tally, must have complete furnish ings for her new house, including linens and clothes for herself. Usu ally some money or a cow goes with Iter, too. A father of many daugh ters has his hands full to get her dowry together. An Interesting phase of the social life in Mezokovesd are the commu nity wells, where the women gather daily for their buckets of water. The water is drawn up by a long pole, out of reach of childish hands. This is the club of the neighbor hood women, where they chat and exchange the latest news. Spirited Pup Is Easy to Do in Cross Stitch ' ^ThU&SOftV * » \ .SUNDAY_ T' I PATTERN 5493 Isn’t he versatile—this pup that can wash, iron, sew and even play a violin? Just having him around—on tea towels or scarf ends, will bright en your day. Brighten, too. the hours you spend embroidering his amusing antics in cross stitch. They’re ever so easy to do—with crosses 8 to the inch, and before you know it you’ve one for each day of the week. Use a variety of colors, or two shades of any color that you like. In pattern 5493 you will find a transfer pattern of seven motifs av eraging 5 by 8 Inches; color sugges tions; material requirements; illus trations of all the stitches that are needed. Send 15 cents In stamps or coins (coins preferred) to The Sewing Cir cle, Household Arts Department, 259 West Fourteenth Street, New York, N. Y. Double Punishment ‘The other night I went to an amateur theatrical performance, then went, home and had a terrible dream.” “What did you dream?’ “I dreamt I went to it again."— Tld-BIts Magazine. • ‘ .|f . ■, •1 •1 !vlvlv!1 ".•!II ...... ( WRlGLE-y'S FITS EVE**/ [ | v—» pocket book » t jfl life. In fact you pay less lor a Liemp- & fl eter because it costa less per year of p service than any other on the market. P 1. First cost is practically the only cost »■ Alik I fj ki I I XSjIAHftX RE AN ARTIST • rrapera tor a wall X paying profauion in tha \ Waat'a landing Commar- • dal Art School. Wilta lor FREE litaratura. THE OLD HOG “The farmer’s wife tells me it 1* profitable to keep a pig to get rid scraps around the house.” “I presume so. I find, however* that my husband will eat almost anything.” Not Even Tarnished “You ain’t got no brains.” “Ain’t got no brains? Why, man. Ah got brains which ain’t been, used.” WRIGLEY’S. fH* PERFECT GUM^ A True 'Vord It Is a good and safe rule to so journ In every place as if you meant to spend your life there, never omit ting an opportunity of doing a kind ness, or speaking a true word, or making a friend.—J. Ruskin. Greatness It Is not required of every man and woman to be or to do something great; most of us must content our selves with taking small parts In th» chorus as far as possible without discord. Hollywood’s latest rage! Big, de luxe photographs fashioned into unique statuettes that stand up by themselves on your table or dresser. Every one over 7 inches high— every one autographed! TRIPLE SEALED TO GUARD FRESHNESS A OIT YOUR CHOICE OP THESE GREAT MOVIE STARS JOAN BENNETT JOAN BLONDELL JAMES CAGNEY CLAUDETTE COLBERT GARY COOPER A BING CROSBY ■ BETTE DAVIS P OLIVIA DE HAVILLAND MARLENE DIETRICH ERROL FLYNN BUCK JONES RUBY KEELER CAROLE LOMBARD FRED MAC MURRAY PAT O’BRIEN DICK POWELL GEORGE RAFT RANDOLPH SCOTT MARGARET SULLAVAN MAE WEST Send only two box tops from Quaker Puffed Wheat or Rice for each photo statuette wanted. Mail to The Quaker Oats Co. ^^^t>.0. Box 1083, Chicxfo, 111. r