CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES A » _ __ - V —■ — INSTALLMENT ONE The Constitution of the United States Is divided Into seven Articles, supplemented to 1934 by twenty-one Amendments. The text follows, with Preamble: THE CONSTITUTION PREAMBLE We, the People of the United States, in Order to form a more per fect Union, establish Justice, Insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and •?' establish this Constitution for the H United States of America. ARTICLE I. Section 1. All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. 8ection 2. The House of Repre | sentatives shall be composed of Members chosen every second Year \ by the People of the several States, | and the Electors In each State shall I have the Qualifications requisite for j Electors of the most numerous | Branch of the State Legislature. No Person shall be a Representa f tive who shall not have attained to the Age of twenty five Years, and been seven Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen. Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the sev eral States which may be Included within this Dnlon, according to their respective Numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole Number of free Persons, Including those bound to Service for a Term of Tears, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other Per sons. The actual Enumeration shall be made within three Years after the first Meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subseqtient Term of ten Years, In such Manner as they shall by Lnw direct. The Number of Representa tives shall not exceed one for every thirty Thousand, but each State shall have at Least one Representa tive; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to chuse three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations one, Connecticut five, New-York six. New Jersey four, Pennsylvania fight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North Carolina five. South Carolina five, and Georgia three. When vacancies happen In the Representation from any State, the Executive Authority thereof shall Issue Writs of Election to fill such Vacancies. The House of Representatives shall chuse their Speaker and other Officers; and shall have the sole Power of Impeachment. Section 3. The Senate of the Unit ed States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the Legislature thereof, for six Years; and each Senator shall have one Vote. Immediately after they shall be assembled Id Consequence of the first Election, they shall be divided as equally as may be Into three Classes. The Seats of the Senators of the first Class shall be vacated a', the Expiration of the second Year, of the second Class at the Expiration of the fourth Year, and of the third Class at the Expiration of the sixth Year, so that one third may be chosen every second Year; and if Vacancies happen by Resignation, or otherwise, during the Recess of the Legislature of any State, the Executive thereof may make tem porary Appointments until the next Meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill such Vacancies. No Person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty Years, and been nine Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected be an Inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen. The Vice President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no Vote, un less they be equally divided. The Senate shall chuse their oth er Officers, and also a President pro tempore, in the Absence of the Vice President, or when he shall exercise the Office of President of the United fcjp^ates. The Senate shall have the sole Power to try all Impeachments. When sitting for that Purpose, they shall be on Oath or Af firmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside: And no Per son shall be convicted without the Concurrence of two thirds of the Members present. judgment in Cases of Impeach ment shall not extend further than to removal from Office, and dis qualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honor. Trust or Profit un der the United States: but the Par ty convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to Law. Section 4. The Times, Places and Manner of bolding Elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the Con gress may at any time by Law make or alter such Regulations, ex cept as to the rlaces of chusing Senators. The Congress shall assemble at least once in every Year, and such Meeting shall be on the first Mon day in December, unless they shall by Law appoint a different Day. Section 5. Each Bouse shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns and Qualifications of its own Mem bers, and a Majority of each shall constitute a Quorum to do Busi ness; but a smaller Number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the Attend ance of absent Members, in such Manner, and under such Penalties as each House may provide. Each House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings, punish its Members for disorderly Behaviour, and, with the Concurrence of two thirds, expel a Member. Each House shall keep a Journal of its Proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such Parts as may in their Judg ment require Secrecy; and the Yeas and Nays of the Members of either House on any question shall, at the Desire of one fifth of those Present, be entered on the Journal. Neither House, during the Ses sion of Congress, shall, without the Consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other Place than that In which the two Houses shall be sitting. Section 6. The Senators and Rep resentatives shall receive a Com pensation for their Services, to be ascertained by Law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States. They shall In all Cases, ex cept Treason, Felony and Breach of the Peace, be privileged from Ar rest during their Attendance at the Session of their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any Speech or Debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other Place. No Senator or Representative shall, during the Time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil Office under the Authority of the United States, which shall huve been created, or the Emoluments whereof shall have been encreased during such time; and no Person holding any Office under the Unit ed States, shall be a Member of either House during his Continu ance in Office. Section 7. All Bills for raising Revenue shall originate In the House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose or concur with Amendments as on other Bills. Every Bill which shall have passed the House ot Representa tives and the Senate, shall, before it become a Law, be presented to the President of the United States; If he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, with bis Objections to that House In which it shall have originated, who shall enter the Objections at large on their Journal, and proceed to re consider 1L If after such Recon sideration two thirds of that House shall agree to pass the Bill, It shall be sent, together with the Objec tions, to the other Ho-se, by which It shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two thirds of that House, it shall become a Law. But In all such Cases the Votes of both Houses shall be determined by Yeas and Nays, and the Names of the Persons voting for and against the Bill shall be entered on the Journal of each House respectively. If any Bill shall not be returned by the President within ten Days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the Same shall be a Law, in like Man ner as If he had signed It, unless the Congress by their Adjournment prevent its Return, In which Case it shall not be a Law. Every Order, Resolution, or Vote to which the Concurrence of the Senate and House of Representa tives may be necessary (except on a question of Adjournment) shall he presented to the President of the United States; and before the Same shall take Effect, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two thirds of the Senate and House of Repre sentatives, according to the Rules and Limitations prescribed In the Case of a Bill. Section 8. The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and‘Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defense and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States; To borrow Money on the credit of the United States; To regulate Commerce with for elgn Nations, and among the sev eral States, and with the Indian Tribes; To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the United States; To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures; To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securities and current Coin of the United States; To establish Post Offices and Post Roads; To promote the Progress of Sci ence and useful Arts, by securing for limited Time to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Dis coveries ; To constitute Tribunals Inferior to the supreme Court; To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the high Seas, and Offenses against the Law of Nations; To declare War, grnnt Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and tnnke Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water; To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money to thnt Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years; To provide and maintain a Navy; To make Rules for the Govern ment and Regulation of the land and naval Forces; To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions; To provide for organizing, arm ing, and disciplining, the Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed In the Service of the United States, reserv ing to the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and the Authority of training the Mi litia according to the discipline pre scribed by Congress; To exercise exclusive Legisla tion In all Cases whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding ten Miles square) as may. by Cession of particular States, and the Accept ance of Congress, become the Seat of the Government of the United States, and to exercise like Author ity over all Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature of the State In which the Same shall be, for the Erection of Forts, Mag azines, Arsenals, dock-Yards, and other needful Buildings:—And To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carry ing Into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vest ed by this Constitution In the Gov ernment of the United States, or In any Department or Officer thereof. Section 9. The Migration or Im portation of such Persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be pro hibited by the Congress prior to the Year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a Tax or duty may be Imposed on such Importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each Person. The Privilege of the Writ of Ha beas Corpus shall not be suspended unless when In Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require It No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed. No Capitation, or other direct, Tax shall be laid, unless In Pro portion to the Census or Enumera tion herein before directed to be taken. No Tax or Duty shall he laid on Articles exported from any State. No Preference shall be given by any Regulation of Commerce or Revenue to the Ports of one State over those of another: nor shall Vessels bound to, or from, one State, be obliged to enter, clear, or pay Duties in another. No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but In Consequence of Appropriations made by Law; and a regular Statement and Ac count of the Receipts and Expendi tures of all public Money shall be published from time to time. No Title of Nobility shall be granted by the United States And no Person holding any Office of Profit or Trust under them shall without the Consent of the Con gress, accept of any present. Emol ument, Office, or Title, of any kin.l whatever, from any King, Prince, or foreign State. Section 10. No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Con federation; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing but Gold and sliver Coin a Ten der in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law, or Law Impairing the Obli gation of Contracts, or grant any Title of Nobility. No State shall, without the Con sent of the Congress, lay any Im posts or Duties on Imports or Ex ports, except what may be abso lutely necessary for executing Its inspection Laws; and the net Prod uce of all Duties and Imposts, laid by any State on Imports or Ex ports, shall be for the Use of the Treasury of the United States; and all such Laws shall be subject to the Revision and Controul of the Congress. No State shall without the Consent of Congress, lay any Duty of Ton nage, keep Troops, oi Ships of War In time of Peac„, enter into any Agreement or Compact with another State, or with « foreign Power, or engage In War, unless actually In vaded, or In such Imminent Danger as will not admit of delay. (TO BE CONTINUED.) Most Zoo Animals Contented Animals that pace back and forth against the bars of their cages are not attempting to get out. Most zoo animals are contented In their cap tive environment and would be “lost” In their native wild*. BRISBANE] THIS WEEK How Will Mussolini Fight? Airfields and Live Wires A Teapot Tempest Will Eugenists Explain? Mussolini fought in the big war as a simple soldier in the trenches, Arthur Brisbane was badly wounded, saw the horrors of war from the bottom. Now, In com mand, he will see war from the top. Ilow will he manage It? Dis patches say he must do some thing In a "quick drive and make big gains” before the rainy season returns, seven months hence. Mussonm s driving power ana em clency, that have transformed the fever-breeding Pontine marshes Into homes for Italian families, should need no “seven months" to produce results In Abyssinia. The thing to do Is to concentrate on the “Con quering Lion of Judnh," otherwise the Negus, or "Power of Trinity.” Make It clear that modern war means “the ruler of the country first, the little people afterward,” and war will not last long. The “Conquering Lion” has expressed willingness, almost eagerness, to die for his country, but that must not be taken too literally. Near Burbank, Calif., a plane crashes. Three occupants, two pilots and a stewardess, burn to death, after striking a live wire. It has been said, “Alcohol and gasoline do not mix well," meaning that men should not drive when drunk. Air fields and live wires do not mix well either. The Department of Commerce, ruling aviation and ex ercising admirable rules, might In clude among the latter a rule against exposed live wires near air fields. There is an unnecessary fuss about American business men hav ing secured In Abyssinia rights to develop oil and mineral wealth. An American should be able to go shop ping at his own risk and on his own responsibility, wherever he chooses, as Englishmen do, without having the State department In dulge In “fits.” If one of the great American or ganizations, Standard Oil, Du Pont or another, undertake to do busi ness In Ethiopia, lt^wlll not ask Uncle Sam to send over any of “our boys” to shed their blood. Strange sight in a New York court—one boy, nine years old, ac cused of killing n girl by hitting her on the head with a stone because she denied his assertion that he could eat more peaches than she could. Another little boy of twelve, also killer of a playmate, appeared in the same court. The nine-year-old boy seemed quite unconcerned, except that he thought his dog, “Lucky,” would be lonesome without him. Prosecuting authorities accuse the nine-year-old boy of murder, but hanging or drawing and quartering for children are part of the past Will 8tlrplculturists and eugenists explain these youthful crime phe nomena? The sad death of the queen of Belgium proves that the open car is the dangerous car. The queen was thrown from the car, struck her head against a tree, and was instantly killed. Had she been in a closed car, she could not have been thrown violently, and probably would have escaped death as did her husband, who was holding the wheel. The open car is the ideal car to see the country and the sky, but a dangerous car for those who drive too fast. San Francisco, as old In the minds of Americans ns the word “California” Itself, is cheerful. The great bridge that will unite San Francisco to Oakland across the hay is progressing rapidly. And the suspension bridge is already stretching its spiderweb cables across the Golden Gate, where the Pacific ocean comes rushing In to the bay. Thanks to good management and an excellent engineer, Mr. Strauss, this Golden Gate bridge, with its magnificent span of more than 1,000 feet, will be finished on time and for less than the $35,000,000 guaranteed as maximum price. England wants no war, with prosperity returning and spoils of the big war not yet digested. But the wing feathers of the peace an gel must tremble at sight of Brit ish and Italian fleets in the Med iterranean, near the mouth of the Suez canal. If Britain tries to close that canal to Italy, leaving thousands of Ital ian soldiers cut off from their base and from food supplies, there will probably be some heavy gunfire. ©, Kins Features Syndicate, lac. WNU Service. EXPERT OFFERS TIPS ON SAUCES What They Are and How to Make Them Explained by Leading Expert. The word sauce has, In culinary matters, divers meanings. It may be fruit cooked with sugar, until It Is of the consistency of a white sauce, or It may have the pieces of the fruit, or whole berries, unbroken In t rich liquid of delectable flavor. It may be a mellow, smooth, thin paste Highly seasoned and variously col ored. a rich sauce for meat or fish >r fowl. Or It may be a sweet creamy liquid for puddings and des serts. The time for discrimination In the significance of the word has come, however. Some sauces are In real ity, compotes. This Is when the ber ries or cut fruits remain unbroken, or as nearly so ns the kind permits. For example applesauce Is not a sauce but a compote when pieces are unbroken. It Is a much more epi curean dish among cooked fruits, than the sauce, which Is of strained fruit, and Is used much ns Is a relish. Applesauce Is a side dish for pork, and other meats A compote of ap ples may be so served, but It may he served for a dessert with cake or rich cookies. Each hns Its place and is a favorite dish. Many of the dishes once termed sauces have evolved Into relishes, for exnmple, spiced fruits nre ac counted relishes today, while ruashed ripe fruits, or slightly cooked and lavishly sweetened fruits become fauces well liked for Ice creams and other desserts. It Is the sweet sauce that Is featured for desserts. The sauce with zest Is for meat or fish, entrees of like kind, and for poultry ind birds, etc. For the group of snuces with zest there Is one foundation, a roux which may be white or brown according to whether the flour has been browned In the butter or not. A rich roux has equal parts butter and flour, which Is thinned with stock, or with milk. The French chefs use stock, and scorn a sauce of this kind that Is otherwise made crenmy. Water can be used for thinning a founda tion of one tablespoonful of butter and one of flour—or two of flour, but such a sauce Is scarcely worthy the name, It' Is so Inferior. Roux of either kind Is a basic sauce, from which many others can be made. Another group of sauces with zest have nothing In common with the roux group. Mint, sauce for mutton and lamb Is one. This has vinegar and mint as principal ingredients with sugar to mellow It. Then there are various kinds with mayonnaise, as a base, or the mnyonnaise Itself, a very rich sauce for salads, meats, and fish. Tartar sauce chiefly for fish has mayonnaise for a foundation, with other ingredients added, such ns a little onion, parsley, otives, capers, and pickles all minced. There are endless kinds of salad sauces with mayonnaise as the base such ns Russian dressing. Creole sauce. Thousand island dressing Or ' a boiled dressing may be substituted for the olive oil mayonnaise. ® Bell Syndicate.—WNU Service. A Good Deed A good deed Is never lost. 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