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About The frontier. (O'Neill City, Holt County, Neb.) 1880-1965 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 12, 1935)
Gains in Highway Safety Are Noted — — —— ~ Many States Have Adopt fed Constructive Measures. Washington. — Sweeping efforts by the state legislatures to curb motor fatalities through enactment of approved legislation was report ed in a survey made public by the American Automobile association. “Scores of constructive safety measures enacted should prove of material help In what must he a continuing drive to Improve the safety record of the country as a whole," Thomas P. Henry of De troit Mich., president of the nation al motoring body, declared. Amendments and Law. Among the safety gains, Mr. Hen ry cited the rapid progress of the AAA safety responsibility law; ex tension and strengthening of high way patrols; safety glass require ments; compulsory Inspection of motor vehicle equipment, and driv ers’ license laws. "There Is reason for particular gratification over the forward march of the safety responsibility bill sponsored by this association,” he said. “Five new states enacted the Model bill In 1935, namely, Arizona, Colorado, Ohio, Oregon and West Virginia. It was enacted by congress for the District of Columbia. Strengthening amendments were adopted In several states. The law Is now In effect In 26 states and the District of Columbia, which means that around 60 per cent of all the motor vehicles In the coun try are operating under Its pro visions. “State highway patrols received much attention at the hands of the legislatures. Four states, namely Colorado, Montana, North Dakota and Oklahoma, established patrols for the first time. Seven states In creased the strength of the patrol force, namely, Connecticut, Mis souri, New Mexico, North Carolina, Ohio, Washington and West Vir ginia. The patrol system Is now In operation throughout the Union, ex cept In Georgia. There Is no doubt, however, that the strength of the patrol force In most Instances Is below requirements, more particu larly so in view of the rising ratio of motor fatalities on rural high ways. States Added to Safety Parade. "Fifteen states enacted legisla tion providing that motor vehicles be equipped with safety glass. This brings the total of ‘safety gluss’ states up to 23. "Five states passed laws provid ing for compulsory Inspection of motor vehicle equipment. These are: Connecticut, Colorado, Oregon, Utah, and Vermont. This brings the total of compulsory Inspection states up to 14. This movement had its in ception along the Atlantic seaboard, but it is now apparently spreading to mountain and Pacific coast states, indicating a more general trend to ward national acceptance. "A drivers’ license law was adopted this year by Idaho, Mon tana, North Carolina, North Da kotu, nnd Utah, bringing the list up to 34. There Is little doubt that drivers’ license law, coupled with a safety-responsibility law, are proving the most effective measure from the standpoint of control of the reckless and irresponsible driv er, and states which lack this leg islation are at a decided disadvan tage.” Theodore Roosevelt in Brazilian Jungle CoL Theodore Roosevelt has Just returned from an expedition to the Matto Grosso In Brazil where he went to get museum specimens of tapir and Jaguar. This photograph shows him and some of his party In their Jungle camp. New Dollar Bill Differs in Design I - <e Reverse Side of Greet Seel Is Pictured. Washington.—New one dollar sil ver certificates are being printed by the gov*nment and will be put Into circulation soon. Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau, Jr., announced. The new money, which will differ from the existing puper certificates In design but not In size, Is being prepared because the treasury has adopted a new method of printing on the bills the signatures of the secretary of the treasury and the treasurer of the United States. In stead of being engraved ou the dies the signatures will be printed from steel engravings just before the bills are issued. Seizing upon this opportunity to change the design of the money, the treasury has placed on the back of the bill a reproduction of the Great Seal of the United States, picturing the reverse side of the seal for the first time In the his tory of American currency. The front of the Great Seal Is the familiar American eagle with a shield, grasping an olive branch in one talon and arrows In the oth er talon, surmounted by 13 stars and the Latin motto, “K Plurlbus Unum." The reverse of the Great Seal, used for the first time on money, shows an unfinished pyramid, sur mounted by an eye In a triangular glory. The pyramid bears In Ro man numerals the year of the Dec laration of Independence, 1776. ‘ Above the eye Is the Latin motto "Annult Coptis,” rendered as “He (God) was favorable to our under takings." The motto at the bottom Is “Novus Ordo Seclorum" and Is translated as “A New Order of the Ages." The eye and triangular glory symbolize an all-seeing Deity. The pyramid is the symbol of strength and Its unfinished condi tion denotes the belief of the de signers of the Great Seal that there wns still work to be done. Both the mottoes on the reverse of the seal are condensations of excerpts from Virgil's Aeneld. The first committee on the Great Seal wus formed on the afternoon of July 4. 1770, nnd consisted of Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jeffer son nnd John Adams. The Great Seal ns finally adopted was largely the work of Charles Thomson, sec retary of congress, and William Bnrton, a prlvnte citizen of Phila delphia. The design was otllclnlly adopted on June 20, 1782, by fun damental law. The Great Seal was again ratified nfter the Constitu tion was adopted In 1789. OF SILK-KNIT YARN B7 CHERIE NICHOLAS If you are of the knlt-lt-yourself persuasion this handsome two-piece will Interest you. for It is knit and crocheted of a pure silk yarn guar anteed not to stretch or sag. When you come to think of It, seeing that so much time and effort Is given to the making of the hand-knitted dress, It would seem that the better part of wisdom would be to use none other than first-quality yarn. The satis faction of being the happy possessor of as handsome and exquisite a frock as the model illustrated Is beyond calculation. The blouse is crocheted of the Bhanghalshag silk yarn while the shapely skirt is skill fully knitted of the same—stunning In black or any of the new rich Italian renaissance reds or purples or green, also charming In the pastel shades. Dog Tends Telephone for His Deaf Master Berlin.—"Dlxl the watchman,” an Alsatian wolfhound nged six, has been trained as the perfect companion for the deaf and dumb. His owner, Johannes Llull, has taught him to: Obey signs made with the fin gers; wake his master when the alarm clock rings; fetch him to the front door to answer the bell, answer the telephone. When the telephone rings, Pixl tnkes the receiver off and runs barking furiously to attract the attention of his master. Sound vibrations of the telephone are sufficiently amplified for a deaf man to comprehend them. Dlvl Is occasionally nonplussed when a bicycle bell rings in the street. He does not know whether to run to the telephone or to the front door. Increased Air Mail Use Due to Cut in Postage Chicago.—Record air mail loads are being transported by United Air lines, which flew 038 tons In the Inst three months contrasted with 422 tons In the same period of 1034, President W. A. Patterson an nounced. A ton Is equivalent to 00,1X10 pieces of mail, a total of 38,280.000 letters and packages car ried hy United In the past three months. The Increased mall loads, however, do not mean Increased in come for United, which Is paid on a per-mtle bnsis rnther than on a poundage basis. The Increase Is attributed largely to reduction of air mall postage to 0 cents an ounce and faster sched ules, Including overnight movement of mall from the Atlantic seaboard, Great Lakes and Middle West points to e ery city of 100,000 pop ulation In California, Oregon and Washington following United's re | cent schedule changes. Royal Palaces in Hawaii Honolulu.—Hawaii Is the only part of the United States where there are two royal palaces. Tolanl palace In Honolulu and Kailua pal ace on the Island of Hawaii are ; still preserved. Relic 120 Years Old Okmulgee. Okla.—A valuable Ma sonic relic Is owned by J. M. War ren here. It Is a Masonic apron, hand made 120 years ago in Mem phis, Tenn. SEEN and HEARD arbund the NATIONAL CAPITAL py Carter Field ^ Washington.—Business is recover ing. Reports from all over the coun try prove this beyond dispute. How ever, two disturbing questions are in the minds of business men, and nobody really knows the answers. Which may be just as well, for the time being. If there were no dis agreement about the answers, the effect might be very harmful In deed. These questions are: 1. How much Is government spending responsible for the pres ent upturn? And Its logical se quel : what will happen when gov ernment wholesale spending — or what might be called excess budget spending—stops? 2. To what extent will the new tax policy restrain new ventures? And Us logical sequel: If new ven tures are restrained by govern mental action, what will happen as both government excess spending and new ventures shrink? No. I needs no diagraming. Its ramifications, though widespread, are obvious. No. 2 Is very complicated Indeed. New ventures have always been financed, in cnses where consider able capital Is required, either by rich men, or by a flood of investors eager to get rich quick—thinking of the amazing profits made by suc cessful ventures In the past, and willing to risk their stakes on the hope of doing likewise. So Important Is this latter classi fication that many shrewd financial observers have argued that this country—to continue to progress— must have “sucker money.” They point to the astounding list of enter prises, today successful, which were started by “sucker money.” In many of them the original Investors lost their all. A glance at the big build ings, whether they be office struc tures or hotels or whatnot, in any large American city provides co pious Illustrations. "Sucker" Takes Chances The “sucker” knows the odds agulnst him are heavy. Sometimes he seems to be deceived by the glib talk of the bond salesman or get rich-qulck promoter. But down In his heart the "sucker” knows he Is taking a big chan.ee. He does not need that extra thousand dollars, or ten thousand dollars, he has saved so painstakingly, for any pressing family purpose. In most cases. He Is the saving, frugal type. But he craves to lift him self to a higher standard of liv ing—to better (as he sees it) chances for his children. In short, to be rich. The only way the aver age "sucker” of this type has to get rich Is to put some money Into something which will prove a bo nanza. New Deal policies run counter to this. They have already closed the door to the highly rose-colored prospectus—to the alluring get rieh quick ads aimed at enticing the "sucker.” They would protect him from his own gullibility. But the tax policy goes further. If he does win, the government will tnke such a lnrge percentage of his winnings that the average nrofesslonal gam bling house proprietor’s percentage seems generous. Indeed, by com parison. It must be remembered that the average “sucker” has a theory. He will back hundred to one shots as frequently as he can raise the money, figuring that some day he is going to make a killing. When that killing comes, however, he stops into the upper income tax brackets. As to those already rich, the high er the taxes are the less Incentive there is, obviously, to take any risk In order to make more. The dice are too heavily loaded. The gov ernment takes a heavy cut of the the winnings, hut stands no part of the losses. Does not even permit them—with a small exception—to be deducted from Income for tax purposes! The question for both these classes of Investors, or gamblers, If you will, is: where does the dead line come In? Nobody knows the answer to that. Rut It is known that President Roosevelt got only part of what he wanted in heavy taxes on big incomes, and In his sliding scale tax against bigness. The Ohio Situation What would a special election In Ohio show? There is no public talk about it, but down underneath that question is something of more Importance, both to administration and “anti” circles, than lots of things that are being openly discussed. It’s not Just n question of Democratic and Republican—conservative or New Deal. For there is even more con cern over how Ohio would vote on bond issues than whether she would elect a Democrat or a Re publican to the house of represent atives In place of Charles V. Truax, who died some weeks back. There was considerable publicity for a time over whether Governor Davey would call a special election. He decided against it Publicly stated, the reason was that It would cost the Ohio taxpayers Just half a million dollars, as the election would have to be In the entire state, Truax having been congress man at large. Also that no single district of Ohio was being deprived of representation. It Just so happened that at the same time Governor Davey, despite all the harsh words exchanged be tween himself and Relief Adminis trator Hopkins, received an allot ment of $20,000,000. He had come to Washington to get It, but there was no necessity, apparently, of presenting any arguments for it. In fact, he received tford he could have It before he actually got In to see President Roosevelt. By a curi ous coincidence, he also announced, Just before he entered the execu tive mansion, that there would be no special election. This did not pass unnoticed. Critics had a great deal to say about It, especially as the reverber tlons from the Rhode Island by elec tion had not died down. But there was very little comment In Wash ington, for the simple reason that few people knew anything about It, or the fact that there had to be a lot of fast footwork to prevent a special election on whether Ohio voters would approve a loan to match the $20,000,000 Governor Davey was getting with such ease from the federal government. The point Is that the constitution of Ohio requires that before the state government shall commit the state to any debt exceeding $750, 000, It must be approved by a ref endum. Election Not Wanted Neither Governor Davey nor the administration in Washington want ed any such election. They remem bered the enthusiam with which the Rhode Island voters hud reject ed loans the federal government was seeking to force Rhode Island to make—to be spent with larger contributions from the federal treasury, which did not have to be repaid—and they did not want a repetition. So far as Governor Davey was concerned, he wanted the federal gift of $20,000,000 so he wanted the state to borrow its share. He wanted to pose in the role of hav ing brought home the bacon. He was not averse to showing the folks in Ohio that Washington had to come across for him even if he had threatened to put Harry Hop kins in Jail, and had to throw in some minor compliments for good measure. So far as the New Deal was con cerned, it did not want to risk an other setback. It was willing to overlook Davey’s harsh words, or pay almost any other price, to avoid just that. So a plan to dodge the plain lan guage of the Ohio constitution was devised. A corporation was set up to handle the expenditures, and this corporation is to borrow the money Ohio normally would get by a bond issue. Of course the taxpayers will have to pay just as much, in inter est and sinking fund, us though the state had borrowed the money di rect, so it would appear to the un prejudiced outsider that at least the spirit of the constitution of the Buckeye state had been circum vented. But the really interesting thing about it and all that the New Deal ers lacked confidence that the Ohio voters would approve the project, even though the federal govern ment wus paying more than half of its cost. Fight Not Over The Roosevelt anti-utility fight is not over. The Inclusion of whdt is generally admitted to be the death sentence In the utility holding com pany bill did not mark the end of the administration's drive against the electric business. In the very near future another blast is coming, which will hit not only the utilities themselves, but tlft* bankers who, according to New Dealers skimmed off the cream, leaving Just skimmed milk for the stock and bondholders, while pil ing up a capitalistic pyramid on which the customers have to pay "extortionate” rates. It has been whispered around in New Deal circles for some months now that the next slap at the util ities would he on their alleged costs of distribution. In fact, fig ures have been mentioned in con nection with it. Half a billion dol lars is being wrung from users of electricity every yenr, the New Dealers say, due to what they in sist are perfectly fictitious elements of cost In distribution. Hence the first blast will be—or at least. Is expected to be—the opening gun of a fight for rate re ductions estimated at half a billion a year for the country. Most of the attack will he on the Interest charges figured as part of the expense of distribution. Ob viously, a very large part of the cost of distributing electricity, once It has been brought to a city line. Is the original cost of laying the conduits, stringing the wires through them, erecting the trans former stations, etc. To do this work in the first place the electric companies borrowed the money. It is the cost of that money thai Is the milk of the coconut in the argument about to start. Copyright.—WNU Borvtco. PECULIAR* FOODS Baking Cassava Cakes in Haiti. Prepared by National Geographic Society, Washington. D. C.—WNU Service. OUTH AFRICAN exporters are bringing a new food to the world’s dining table which is already replete with a generous cross section of the living things found on the earth and in the sen. Grasshopper ragout the new ar ticle is called. For many years the Chinese and Arabs have relished grasshoppers, which were once de stroyed as they attempted ruination of South African crops. Now great masses of the insects are captured, carefully cleaned, conserved and shipped to the Orient and Asia Minor ready to be eaten. Strange foods are to be found on the markets of all continents. In fact, one part of the world is rath er Ignorant of what satisfies the other part. “EL* who would enjoy his food, should not look over the kitchen wall,’’ the Korean proverb warns; but there is much of interest to be found by looking over the geo graphical wall of space and regard ing the food habits of other peo ple. Rats and dog steaks in Chinn have regular market prices, and thoroughly ripened eggs are deli cacies. Our food is often looked upon as queer and heathenish by these same people. The Turk re gards oysters as we do some Afri can and West Indian dishes. But "all human history attests that hap piness for man—the hungry sinner! —since Eve ate apples, much de pends on dinner.” Russian borsch is probably one of the best known soups. The large quantity of meat floating in a sea of cabbage and sour cream is a meal in Itself, heavy and filling. Chinese fish soups are known the world over for their delicate flavor, as is Swedish bouillon, made of all kinds of birds with elks’ meat as the piece de resistance of the soup. In a Swedish home, the Christmas porridge is an affair of great im portance, made in a gigantic copper washtub, being stirred by several women, who take turns stirring, two at a time for no less than ten hours on end. In this same home, cooks are pensioned to prevent family recipes from being given away. Some Queer Sea Foods. By Andorrans and Polynesians, landlubbers and seafaring folks, seafood Is held In high regard. In Siberia, owing to climatic condi tions, frozen sliced fish is the epi cnrian’s delight. Kukson, the local fish of the salmon family, nearly takes the place of bread. Frozen, the skin removed, sliced, and eaten with salt, it is a savory treat. But the South Sea Islanders, far from the freezing point, hunt their treasured palolos by the light of the moon. The tiny worms which come to the surface of the water once each year are eaten raw "on location” or taken home in pails. In Spain, little, white, transparent eels two inches long, called nngulas, are attracted and caught with the aid of oil lamps, fried in batches in popping olive oil, and served hot. Australians hunt dugong (sea cow), like a whale, but owing to the thickness of the hide, their spears are often turned aside or broken. The flesh of this mammal has a flavor akin to both beef and pork, the meat being used like ba con. A good sized specimen may reach 12 feet in length and weigh 600 pounds. The river-dwellers of Brazil and other tropical South American coun tries have remnrkably large fish in the jacaretinga, from which large steaks are taken. Fried alligator tail is also to be had there, as well as the lizardlike iguana. The flesh of the female iguana is supposed to be as delicate as a young chicken, although occasionally experience lias proved it to be as tough as an old hen. Iguanas are sold alive, tails tied together to prevent escape. Liberia Likes Dumboy, Dumboy, the national dish of Li beria, is prepared principally from a sweet, non-poisonous cassava root —called cassada In Liberia. The roots are peeled, boiled, and the fibers from the center removed be fore tiie process of pounding in a mortar with a pestle is begun. This process calls for considerable skill and experience because the cassada sticks to any dry thing. The pestle must be kept moist, hut not so moist as to make the mass soggy. Dried and fried dumboy becomes so hard that It is used as shot in rifles. To the north of Liberia, in Africa, Is found another standard, meal-in Itself dish, couscous. Mutton or fowl, various vegetables, cooked separately before mixing, and served with steamed wheat dump I lings make a highly seasoned Arab version of an Irish stew. Climatic conditions play their part in the formation of tastes In the Marquesas islands. Droughts from which the Marquesas suffer necessitate long storage of bread fruit. The white, somewhat mushy pulp is ground In wooden bowls and allowed to rise like a mass of fer menting dough. This polpol has to the foreigner an unpleasant odor and an acrid, bitter flavor. Without counting calories, Bolivia supplies a novel way of preparing the ubiquitous potato. To make chuno, potatoes are frozen, tram pled free of water, trampled again and again, until they are little balls of pure starch. The countries of the Amazon basin, however, cling to manioc or mandioea root. This root Is poisonous, but the natives know how to pull Its fangs by shredding, washing, and squeezing until the remainder can be ground Into sawdust and eaten without harm. For green vegetables, the Pacific islands present taro leaves, a sort of spinach, which Is cultivated In swampy ground by the women of the islands. The roots may also be eaten like potatoes, or cooked like polpol. Chili’s greens come from the sea. Cuchayuyu, or cocha yuyu to the Incas, means “garden truck of the sea” and Is a species of sea weed. Sarmale Pleases the Rumanian. The Rumanian variety of a New England boiled dinner is sarmale. Soured cabbage leaves, a more deli cate sauerkraut, rolled around a meat ball, Is served with coarse cornmeal mush called mamaliga, a highly spiced sauce, and often thick sour cream. Mamnliga is also served with eggs and other combi nations. Practically the same dish is to be found In Sweden—mince meat of elk wrapped in cabbage leaves. As we like dumplings and frit ters with our meals, so in Khoresm doughnuts t • iffed with rice and eggs, known as plrochkl, and In China crullers of coarse flour fried in vegetable oils, fill that place on the menu. The Chinese proverb says: “The stomach, not the palate decides what shall be the food.” Bread in Afghanistan is more than mere bread; it is food, napkin, and tablecloth, all in one. It de rives its shape and uses from the use of quick burning fuel and a varying demand. In Cuba, one may reach for a sweet and find it in the barquillo, possibly the grandfather of the ice cream cone in a panel, white loaves made of egg white and sugar, which may be eaten separately but more often "dunked” in milk and dissolved; or in the mango, a red dish golf fruit. Even lollipops, coneshaped and wrapped In paper on a stick, are to be found every where. Afghanistan keeps step with our "snowballs.” A plate Is first filled with snow over which a tiny ladle of sirup is poured. Then a handful of sweet paste cut into strips like noodles is added, over which tiny ladles of cream are poured before the whole confection is completed with a dash of rose water. This is an Afghan sundae. Suggesting the taste of good ice cream is the raw, frozen marrow of reindeer bones popular in Si beria. China prefers solid cream for its desserts, but Khoresm, in southern Russia, prepares pirog, a pie filled with mashed raisins. Delicacies in Chile. In Chile, the miel de palma, honey of the palm, Is extracted from the felled tree, and served as a sirup with “panqueques.” Melons, large and yellow, some weighing 17 pounds, are grown in Chile, and in Darfur are one of the staffs of life. There the melons are broken open and scooped Inside, the rind thrown into the sand. When all the pulp has been extracted, it is squeezed to break up the fiber. In one ves sel, it is placed on top of another vessel and the liquid in the under one percolates through straws Into the upper. The rind is then broken up and pounded in a vessel fash ioned out of a tree trunk All pos sible moisture is withdrawn and the residue becomes food and drink for donkey, goat, and fowl. Liquid refreshment varies ns much In foreign lands as does the solid food. Tea, of one kind and another, is the predominating drink. Tea, of course, in China, strained watermelon juice tea In Darfur, or ange tea brewed from the wild or ange tree in Tahiti, tea seasoned with cardamon ginger in Afghanis tan, and unappetizing butter tea In southern China.