The 4- °AJul/a y" >OOD old freedom and equal |f j ity have been with us so long in these United States—and who shall deny that we have them? —that It has become a "property of easiness" and we are prone to forget, with all the Independence days we have observed since that far day of the first one born of the spirit of ’70, just how it all came about. It has been some time since we have heard a "Fourth of July tration” or heard the “Declaration iff Independence" read at the fair grounds. So let's take a moment’s pause and do a little looking back ward and recover, perhaps, a few forgotten thrills, advises a writer in the Kansas City Star. The hall in which our freedom was born is still standing there in Independence Square, Philadelphia, little changed with time. Some of the chairs the delegates sat in and the desk upon which the president of the congress wrote his "John Hancock” are there. Portraits of the signers look down from the walls. But who today can recall the actual happenings of those fateful years of June and July, 159 years ago, when our Independence was In travail? What actually happened on July 4, the subsequently dedi cated days? When was the immor tal document proclaimed to the na tion? Was the great step taken amid a tumult of shouting and hell ringing and firing of cannon, as it came to be celebrated in after years? Glorious In legend as was that first Fourth 109 years ago, it was a day of deep and cautious solem nity. They were not noise-makers who assembled to launch a now na tion "dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.” The day fell upon a rainy Thursday. In Philadelphia’s old state house there was no stately ceremony. No crowds were waiting outside ns yet to hear “the joyful news." In fact, there was an atmosphere of grave uncertainty in the hall as to the fate of the great charter of Ameri can liberty. To state the historical truth, by the record, independence had al ready been declared July 2, two days before. It was on that day that Itichard Henry Lee’s resolution. In troduced In the congress some weeks | before, was passed by a bare ma jority, declaring “that the UnltPd Colonies are. and of Right ought to he, Free and Independent States, i and that they are Absolved from 1 all allegiance to the British Crown, and/ that all political connection between them, and the State of Great Britain Is. and ought to be. i totally dissolved.” In effect that action was a severing of the politi cal tie hetw’een the colonies and Great Britain. Why, then. Is not July 2 the "day we celebrate?” Because those fathers of the Re public recognized the gravity of the Step they were about to take and that It meant war and bloodshed. Ther were practical, methodical and just/men, and men bred in the par liamentary usages nnd constitutional law. They recognized that more ; than a mere resolution was neces ' sar.v to Justify their action to the world, and that “a decent respect for the opinions of mankind re quired that they should declare the causes which Impel them to the separation.” They were determined I not to go before the world as mere “revolutionists and rebels,” but statesmen representing a Just cause and a new idea of government “with the consent of the governed." So, July 4 became the day we celebrate because it was not until then that the congress was ready to go before the judgment of the people and of other nations with a candid statement of the causes that impelled them to the sev erance of the ties that had long bound them to the mother coun try. The act was not consummated without long and careful delibera tion. The idea of independence had been long a-borning. The fash ioning of the great document that bade defiance to the king and pro claimed a new nation was not as smooth and easy a task as it may appear from a reading of the beau tifully engrossed transcript in the archives at Washington now ac cepted as “tlie original Declaration of Independence.” The idea of a declaration of inde pendence had its birth 15 years prior to July 4, 1776. Janies Otis, tlie “tiery-tongued orator.” sound ed the first note in tlie statehouse at Boston, in 1701. Nearly a month before the writing of tlie formal declaration, ‘‘Richard Henry Lee, as spokesman for tlie Virginia delega tion in congress, introduced his res olution which, so far ns the record was concerned, finally became the formal declaration. It precipitated a serious debate, for there were Reading Declaration of Independ ence From Balcony of State House. many who “were not ready for the question." On June 11 a commit tee was appointed to prepare a suit able declaration of causes, in sup port of Lee’s resolution, composed of Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, John Sherman and Robert Livingston. The task of formulating the causes and writing the document fell to tlie facile pen of Thomas Jefferson. But it was not finally accepted wholly as Jefferson wrote it. Many passages were stricken our and several amendments attached to it. But on July 4 JelTerson’s final draft of the “form of announcing the fact of separation” was for mally adopted find ordered printed and distributed to the assemblies, conventions and councils of safety throughout the colonies. This print ing had only two signatures—those of John Hancock, president, and Charles Thomson, secretary of the congress. On July 19. congress or dered the declaration to be "fairly engrossed on parchment." and it was not until August 2, 177fi. that the great sheepskin was unrolled in the presence of the Continental Con gress. Fifty of the fathers signed the document on that day. Six did not affix their signatures until a later date. And one, Thomas Mc Kean of Delaware, did not sign it until five years later. But with the signatures of Han cock and Thomson, the document became official, so far as the outside world was concerned, on July 4. On July 8, Washington had it read to the army, and to the public from the balcony of the state house, a day that became one of public re joicing. "Give Me ALiberjv^ Give Me Death” THE orator had a definite place in the building of America. In the Eighteenth century ora tory was a fine art and not the lost one that It is today. Therefore, writes Elizabeth Ellicott Poe. in the Washington Post, the place that Patrick Henry held and holds in the affections of the people for the most part he played before and during the American Revolution is one that cannot he too highly esti mated. Hanover coun ty, Virginia, which has given m a n y notable men and women to tlie Old Do minion’s Hall of Fame, has every right to he proud of the achievements of this Henry of Stud ley. As early as 17(i3 he was sounding the keynotes of free dom In unmistakable tones. He was a country lawyer who had made an early marriage rather fool ishly and was struggling to keep a growing family in the necessities of life when, In 1703, he became aroused In behalf of what was known as “The I’arsons’ Cause." concerning the right of the clergy to receive the same price for their tobacco ns other colonists. In 170.7 Henry was elected to the Virginia House of Burgesses. From the time he took his sent he Introduced act after act defining the rights of the colony, especially In the matter of the obnoxious stamp tax, and, against great opposition, carried all of his resolutions through the sheer force of his logic and his eloquence. This made Patrick Henry the lender of the colony, in many senses of the word. Patrick Henry came right by his love of freedom, his historical sense and power of oratory. For he was a cousin of the historian. William Robertson, of Scotland, and of tlie mother of Lord Brougham. His mother was a Winston of that noted English family and his father saw to It that he had a classical edu cation and every possible advan tage In file way of proper learning In 1774 Henry was foremost in the call to form a Continental con gress. George Mason, author of tiie Bill of Rights, himself an ora tor and patriot of more than usual ability, said of Henry: “He is by far the most powerful speaker I ever heard. Every word he says not only engages, hut commands the attention, and your passions are no longer your own when he addresses them. Tint his eloquence is the smallest part of his merit. He is. In my opinion, the first man upon this continent, as well In abil ities as In public virtues, and had he lived in Rome about the time of the first Punic war. when the Unman people had arrived at their meridian glory, and their virtues not tarnished. Henry's talents must have put him at the head of that glorious commonwealth." Of course. It was in his great speech, familiar to every school boy, In which he shouted for all to hear—kings and commoners alike —"Give me liberty or give me death" that he rose to his supreme heights of eloquence. Hopper Poison Is Ready for Battle — Government Has Supply on Hand and Infested States Are Supplied. Prepared by the United States Department of Agriculture.—YVNU Service. A new mixture of grasshopper poison that carries 50 per cent saw dust, a lower Infestation as a re suit of last year’s poisoning cam paign, and a surplus of poison bait that drouth ridden farmers did not use last year—all these factors In dicate that the United States De partment of Agriculture will need to buy very little bran and other bait materials in 1935. Dr. 1*. N. Annand of the bureau of entomology and plant quarantine, who directed the tlrst intensive grasshopper campaign financed with federal funds, says part of the sur plus has been re allotted and Is be ing moved Into states that otherwise might run short of bait. If the existing supplies of bait are not sufficient for the demands this year. Dr. Annand says, the de partment will buy bran, sawdust, and sodium arsenlte ami ship them Into selected centers where the ma terial will be mixed by hand under trained supervision. Tills halt costs much less than the factory mixed bran, molasses, and arseidc used last year, and, according to the re sults of field tests the past season, Is Just as effective In killing hop pers. Last year the department stnrted with a jmlson mixture con taining 25 per cent sawdust, but found by trial that a mixture with 50 per cent sawdust Is satisfactory. Although the number of grass hopper eggs laid last fall was far below the number laid ttie year be fore. Doctor Annand says, there are enough in the ground to start an other heavy infestation this sum mer, unless the weather at hatching time Is unfavorable to hopper de velopment Rape Pasture Believed Immune to Chinch Bugs There Is a particular place for rape. Immune to chinch bugs, ns a pasture this year, believe members of the Iowa State college farm crops department. Rape sown alone Is unquestlon ably the best annual pasture that can be seeded for bogs, and rape alone, or rape and oats, the best for sheep, they say. On average soil an acre may be expected to provide sufficient pas ture for 20 to 25 spring pigs. The crop is planted early in the spring, using about live pounds^of seed per acre. The supply of seed is ade quate and low. An acre can be seeded for between 25 and 20 cents. This is the lowest cost pasture that can lie seeded and returns are greater than can lie expected from anything else, the farm crops men assert. They believe there is this year a plaee for rape on practically every farm In the state, It having an excellent value for nil kinds of live stock except milk cows. Examine the Clover Red clover cut for hay in 1931 and left over for 1925 nmy prove to tie a serious disappointment, warn agronomists at Purdue university. They say that very often root bor ers are present when clover is left for the third year, which will de stroy the crop. Farmers are ad vised to watch their clover care fully In tiie early part of the grow ing seeason. If plants begin to wither and the stand starts to thin out, it will he advisable to plow up tiie clover and seed to soy beans or some other crop. If tiie clover keeps right on growing, with no sign of injury, the crop should he saved. Pigs Need Copper, Iron Milk is deficient in copper and iron, and when pigs consume noth ing but milk, they do not get a suffi cient amount of the*e constituents to maintain the normal hemoglobin content of their blood. Then they lose their vigor, become anemic, in active and listless, and-are very like ly to lie trampled and crushed by the sow. Some forms of so-called thumps In young pigs, which some years ago was supposed to be caused by lack of exercise, are also the result of lack of Iron and cop per in the milk of flic sow. Treat Ewes for Worms P.efore the ewes go to summer pasture they should all he treated for worms. Give them a clean start and It is safer to treat them regular all summer. YY'hen flip 1-imhs are three months old they should tie treated If there are nriv parasites on their range. As soon as practical after shearing thoroughly dip both lambs and ewes. Machine shearing will get most of the ticks on tiie ewes but they will Infest the lambs and stunt their growth—Missouri Farmer, Butter Fat Averages A herd average above 300 pounds butterfat per cow is generally rec ognized by dairymen to be profitable under usual farm conditions and an average above 400 pounds but terfat Is considered exceptional. The average of all cows In the United Stntes today Is near 190 pounds butterfat per cow. COLOR AND LIFE IN "POSTER GIRL" B* GRANDMOTHER CLARK If you want to uiuke a quilt with lots of color and life, the "Poster Girl" will be your selection. The quilt shown above Is made from block number B5-A, which Is one of the six different girls In which this assortment conies. Make the quilt either by using all the blocks of one design or nssorted. The blocks are stamped on white 18-Itu.'h squares, and the applique material is stamped with the necessary designs and cut ting lines. Twelve 18-Inch blocks are generally used for one quilt. With twelve 18-lnch blocks. 4 Inch strips between blocks and a 9-lnch border all around, allowing >4 Inch for seams, the finished quilt will meas ure about 77 by !>8 Inches. Pour yards of SC-Inch material Is sufficient for border and strips. Send 15 cents to our quilt depart ment for one block No. 115-A like the above. Make this up. You will like the beauty of design and can then decide what designs you want. A picture of the six designs will be mulled with your order, from which to select. Price per set of six stamped blocks with applique patches 7oc postpaid. Address—HOME CRAFT CO — DEPT. D.—Nineteenth & St. Louis avenue, St. Louis, Mo. Enclose n stumped addressed en velope for reply when writing for any information. Disease and Death in Wake of the House Fly "Of all the natural enemies of man, the fly unquestionably takes precedence over all others," states a recent government bulletin on the transmission of disease by flies. Small though a fly Is, it is a poten tial carrier of disease and death and more to be feared than violence or accidents. The list of diseases, often In epi demic proportions, proved by scien tists to tie traced directly to germs carried Ivy tiles Includes almost n complete record of the ills to which man Is prone. Tuberculosis, sleeping sickness, typhoid fever, cholera and dysentery nre but n few of the seri ous maladies that definitely hnve been proved to lie communicated bi common house flies. Government scientists agree that the only successful method of eradi cating tiles i to maintain a continu ous campaign for that purpose. The simplest method of lighting these death carriers Is to use a reli able fly spray, which Is deadly to flies and other Insects when even n tine mist of t he sprayed liquid reaches them. How About It, Parents? A physician decided to help the unemployment situation the other day by giving ids young nephew, who had .lust passed his bar examination, some of his hills to collect. He In structed him to make a report on each of the debtors. One morning the physician found in his mail the following note: "Dear Uncle—1 went to see Mr. X yesterday to collect the .$20 lie owed you. I found that he had five ohil. dren but no assets. Bill.'’ —New York Sun. SKS _ r ONE-THIRD \ LESS TIME & WITH THE Reduce your Ironing time one-third ... your labor one-half I Iron any place with the Coleman. It'» entirely eelf-heating. No corda or wires. No weary, endleea trips between a hot stove end the iron- - ing board. The Coleman makes and burns its own gas. Lights instantly—no pre-heating. 4 Operating cost only Vt* an hour. Perfect balance and right weight make ironing | just an easy, guiding, gliding motion. See your local hardware or house- g furnishing dealer. If he doe* not handle, * write us. i The Coleman Lamp Cr Stove Company Pept WUSOS. Wichita, Kan,.: Chioavo. 111.; 4 Los Angelos, Calif.; Philadelphia, Pa,: or j Toronto, Ontario, Canada (5308) I Simply sprlnklo Peterman's Ant Food along window Bills, doom and openings through which ants como and go. Guaranteed to rid quickly. Used In a million homes. Inexpen sive Get It at your druggist's. 1 CLASSIFIED ADS] I'giiikI Nhavlnir Ciftm sent you for 25c; In hygienic, Antiseptic, healing, soothing; will leave skin soft. Send 26c (coin) to Tlielse Mnimfiieturlna, Sublette, Ivans. Me Nell. Buy or RirhanfP Farms, acreancH, ranches, dwellings, filling stations, mercan tile properties. Any property anywhere. Write us fully. No charge for llstlmc. AirrleuHnnil Inventinent torn.. Arthur Bid*?.. Oninlia. Heat on the inside created by friction is the main cause of blowouts. Firestone Tin's are different on the inside—they nre built with the patented extra process of Giini-I)ipping that soaks every cord and insulates every strund with pure liquid rubber, preventing internal friction and heat. No other make of tire is Guin-l)ippcd. Firestone performance records again emphasize the undisputed evidence that Firestone Tires are not only blowout-proof, but give greatest protection against skidding. There are three questions and answers that will solve the problem of what tires to buys Question 1—"Will the tread give me the greatest traction and protection against skidding?" ANSWER —Recent tests by a leading University show that Firestone High Speed Non-Skid Tires stop a car 15% quicker than any other of the leading makes. For eight consecutive years Firestone lires have been on the winning car in the dangerous Pike's Peak Race where a skid means death. This is undisputed evidence that Firestone gives car owners greatest protection against skidding. Question 2—"Arc they blowout-proof?" ANSWER—Firestone Gum-Dipped Tires have the most amazing records for being blowout proof of any tires ever built. In the gruelling 500-Mile Race at Indianapolis, May 30th, every one of the 33 cars was equipped with Firestone Gum-Dipped Tires. Not one of the 33 drivers had any tire trouble of any kind. Ab Jenkins drove his 5,000 pound car on Firestone Gum-Dipped Tiros over the hot salt beds of Utah, 3,000 miles at 127.2 miles per hour, with temperatures as high as 120 °, without tire trouble of any kind. These are most amazing proofs of blowout protection ever known. GUESTI'ON 3—"Without sacrificing these two important safety features will they give me longer mileage, thus making them the most economical tires I can buy?" ANSWER—Firestone High Speed Tires not only rive you more than 50% longer wear, but also lowest cost per mile due to the tough, wear-resisting tread builtwith higher shoulders and a wider, flatter contour. This rugged tread is held securely to the Gum Dipped cord body by Firestone's patented construction of two extra layers of cords under the tread, a special construction feo'ure not used in any other tire. Unequaled mileage records by thousands of car owners add undisputed evidence of longer wear and freater economy of Firestone High Speed ires I I 2 Gum-Dipped eordi ~ give greater blowout protection. Gum-Dippingy i* not used in other tires. /£. nomam 3 Wider, flatter trei givoi more than 50% longer non-skid wear f /;w HIGH SPEED 1 B TYPE l4'^'2C (/um-Dwaai j | I'hin tire is accurately i* m halunccd and rigidly | inspected and we know it is a# perfect as | L|V human ingenuity can || make it. W SIZE 4.50-21_ 4.75-19_ 5.00- 19_ 5.23-18_ 6.00- 16_ 4.75-19 HP 5.00-19 HP I* K IC K 5 7.75 8.20 8.80 9.75 11.95 10.0$ 11.05 |^Qth