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About The frontier. (O'Neill City, Holt County, Neb.) 1880-1965 | View Entire Issue (April 18, 1935)
“Keep Your Distance! This Was My Pal” Over his dead pal. Brownie, a dog of no pedigree, hut true blue, keeps vigil and lets none come near. Brownie was crossing a street with his pal. Girlie, when the latter wns hit and killed by an automobile. Pepper Again Seen as Trouble Maker , <« Commodity Long Has Been Cause of Contention. Washington.—Falling companies closed their doorc and 23,500 tons of pepper—several years’ supply piled up In London warehouses dur ing the recejt attempt by London speculators to corner the world sui> ply of white pepper. •‘Tills is not the first time pepper has caused excitement,” says the National Geographic society. ‘‘This fiery commodity wns long a cnuse of contention between the early European trading companies operat ing In India and the Far East. I’ep per cargoes raised the Ire of rival sea captains of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth centuries, and along ■with other spices, led to pitched battles among Portuguese, Dutch and English. "Native to the moist forests of southwestern India, especially the Malabar coast, black pepper has long been prized by enstern peo ples to quicken languid appetites. They used It not only ns a pungent condiment, but even ns a medicine. For centuries pepper wns the staple article of commerce between India and Europe. As far back as the Fourth century, B. C.. Greeks rel ished pepper as seasoning, nnd sneezes from It echoed In the kitch ens of Rome. It was once valued on a par with precious metals. When Alnrlc, king of the Goths, pounded on the gates of Rome In 408, he demanded as the city's ran som 5,000 pounds of gold, 30 pounds of silver, and 3,000 pounds of pep per. Mott Prized of All Splcet. “In the Middle ages, pepper was prized above all spices. The mosl Important early English guild was the Pepperer’s guild. In that time, the spice was so vnluable It fre quently took the place of money. Soldiers swaggered off with pounds of It as part of their booty. Peo pie received rewards In pepper, often puld their rent In pepper, and when a will was read, held their breath to hear how much pep per they had been bequeathed. “The constant cry for pepper, and Its high price, was largely what set canny Portuguese explorers searching for an nil-sea route to the Indies. Vasco da Gnmn, sail ing around the Cape of Good Hope, reached the home of pepper, the Malabar coast, In 1498. Venetians and Genoese who until then had practically monopolized the trade In pepper, now watched the Potru guese sail away with It The Por tuguese held the pepper purse strings until the Seventeenth cen tury. Under their control, less pep per was raised on the Malabar coast, but Its cultivation was ex tended to the islands of the Malay archipelago. Malacca, a port on the west const of the Malay penin sula, became a great pepper em porium. “So flourishing was the trade in pepper and other spices that In 1595 the Dutch organized an East India company; In 1G00 Queen Elizabeth chartered the East India company; Danish, French, Swiss and other organizations followed rapidly on their heels. “Most Important commercially and historically of all these com panies wns the English East India company. Forced to Raise Pepper. “For years, pepper wns the object of England's trade with Sumntra. There the company made contracts with rujnhs who were obliged to compel their dependents to culti vate pepper. Each native family wns forced to plant 1,000 pepper vines, and ench bachelor 500. The system of compelling natives to rnlse pepper for the company to buy was practiced by Dutch East Indinn colonies until fairly recent times. “A second system of cultivation, fostered by Europenn trading com panies, wns to lend the Malays money with which to cultivate pep per. Rut since most of the borrow ers never paid back the loans, often whole villages under local laws be came liable for the debt, and in effect, ‘pepper slnves.' "Although black pepper clnlms a lot of relatloves scattered through out the tropics, these do not In clude sweet peppers, red peppers, and chillies, which belong to an en tirely different family. “The pepper vine is a symbol of perseverance, a plant that simply doesn’t know when It Is licked. Taken from Its natural habitat In the moist leafmold of shady Jungles, Horse Pumps Water for Missouri Farmer Hlairtown, Mo.—Hud, a six year-old 1,500-pound Hercheron horse, learned, without being taught, according to O. T. Ward, Hud’s master, to pump water from the well In the barnyard. The trick, however, Is worth more to the other horses than it Is to Bud. Every time he starts pumping the others gather around the trough and Hud has to satisfy their thirst before be can quench his own. FAMED IRISH POET Dr. George W. Russell, famous Irish poet nnd scholar, who Is now in this country making a study of the administration’s agricultural policy. He is known extensively by the name "AE.” it will grow in plantations, though often given scant shade, and on poor soil, if fertilized. Although It climbs freely in Jungles, some times up to SO feet, it continues to thrive on plantations when tied to a rough-barked tree, hardwood post, or even a stone post, and kept pruned to nbout twelve feet.” Highway to Mexico Will be Popular Expect Million a Year to Use Pan-American Road. Washington.—Representative Kent E. Keller, Democrat, of Illinois, one-time resident of Mexico, has taken an active leadership nmong congressional friends of the Pan American highway. Ills enthusiasm over the possibilities of Interna tiona) tourism hus brought him the chairmanship of an unofficial committee to arrange appropriate celebration of the opening of the Lnredo-to-Mexlco City sector, ex pected next full. Representative Keller predicted Jekyll and Hyde Cases Are Curable —- <•'—■ ■ After Long Sleep Patient Soon Becomes Normal. Moscow. — Doctor Jekyll might have banished the troublesome Mr. Hyde entirely from Ills life—simply by sleeping long enough. That Is th opinion of Soviet sci entists who have been experiment ing recently with schizophrenia, the form of divided personality on which Robert Ixnils Stevenson based bis famous story. Schizophrenia, a state which leads eventually to complete Insan ity, Is curable, in certain cases, they declare, by prolonged sleep, Induced by drugs. And though the process Is still admitted In an experimental stage some practical success bus been recorded. Basis of the assertion is a case treated by Dr. M. Seresky at the Moscow Psychiatric Institute. An inmate of an asylttm who had been Insane for two years was brought to the institute, according to a recent publication of Doctor Seresky. Using various types of drugs physicians kept him sleeping for ten days. For two or three days following his nap, the patient was in a vlr- | tual coma, from the effects of the drugging, but thereafter, It Is de clared, he returned to a normal state, showing no signs of split personality, or hallucinations. An Interesting feature of the case Is that the patient, on his awak ening remembered nothing of his life during the previous three years. When Ills son was brought to him, he remembered the boy perfectly, but was surprised at bis growth. After days, the patient wns released from the Institute, appar ently cured. Very few cases of a cure of schizophrenia are on record, ac cording to Doctor Seresky. and even the causes of the mental disease are unknown. Stevenson, In his story, whs compelled to put Jekyll in possession of a mysterious per sonality-changing drug. Admittedly, the method developed here cannot be used In all cases, as an extremely strong physique Is necessary to withstand the efTeits of prolonged drugging. In two other cases here the patients proveil unable to take the full dose of drugs believed to be required. Doc tors say, however, that they showed some improvement after shorter pe rlods of sleep. that within a few years, when trav elers’ hotels and other facilities are developed along the new high way, at least 1,000,000 tourists an nually will motor to and from the United States and Mexico. After tlie Iairedo-to Mexico City sector is open, he understands that the Mexican government promptly will shift the construction workers to the road south of Mexico City, aiming at its early completion to the Oautenmlan frontier. Completion of Central American sectors of the Pan-American high way may require some external financial usssitunce, but Represent ative Keller thinks that this event ually will he forthcoming from the United States. ‘‘The richest agricultural soil in the world is in south Mexico and Central America," he said. “The productivity of this region, with Ir rigation, can scarcely be exagger ated. One crop can be grown after another. When modern transporta tion is available that region will develop rapidly. "The Pan-American highway, be sides attracting tourists, will be n direct stimulus to international commerce. As people come to know each other, they do business with each other. Better acquaintance also will inspire a sense of political se curity among the various coun tries.” Construction of the Pan Ameri can highwny south of Panama is still "out In the future," hut Mr. Keller said that motorists’ enjoy ment in travel through the tropics will encourage Its construction. May Revive Horse and Buggy Measure for Cars Sacramento.—Reverting to a cus tom of the horse and buggy days, a California legislative bill would pre vent creditors from seizing automo biles valued at less than $‘J50. In the old days a person’s horse and buggy could not be seized for nonpayment of debt, but this law 1 does not apply to motor vehicle*. SEEN--'HEARD around tha National Capital «H- T " By CARTER FIELDS*—sum Washington. — Holding back a threatened epidemic of strikes un til union labor leader* can get what they want in Washington In the way of legislation Is proving a diffi cult task for William Green, presi dent of the American Federation of Labor, and his lieutenants. In Ak ron the rubber company employees are chafing at the bit. So it is in a hundred other lines. John L. Lewis, president of the United Mine Workers, has less diffi culty with his union. He wants, as Green does, to hold back the strikes, but he set the obvious goal of June 1G, which Is the date the law creat ing NR A expires. (Ireen, Ivewls and all their friends here have the same object. If the administration proves too lukewarm on the things they want, they can lay the [tending strike situation on the White House doorstep. Presi dent Roosevelt will then be faced with the apparent alternative of giving in, or of precipitating so many strikes that a terrific blow will be dealt returning prosperity. The importance of this to the President can be realized only by examining the political prospects. Next year the President, all of the house, and a third of the senate come up for re-election. In short, the New Deal goes on trial before the country. Already there is the serious threat of n third party, growing out of the doctrines being preached over the radio by Huey Long, Father Coughlin, etc. The President is perfectly familiar with this, but relies on attracting enough conservatives to his own support to win, and win easily. But attracting these conservatives Is a precarious undertaking. The old line Republicans do not think he can do it. That is why they have been sprucing up lately. The only question to date has been: will the radicals scare the conserva tives enough to turn them to Roose velt for safety? One answer to this question la: not unless Roosevelt shows the country that he is really leading It back to prosperity. Otherwise the conservatives would not put their trust In him, but would rely on vot ing for some Republican. Which would mean that the radicals, with drawing so much of Roosevelt’s sup port, would seriously jeopardize Roosevelt’s chances. Economic Menace So that the threat of a strike epidemic Is more than an economic menace. It Is a* political buga boo of darkest shade. And no one better than F. D. It. appreciates it. Which explains why shrewd ob servers in Washington are not writ ing off the Wagner labor relations bill as sure to die—why they are not certain the 30-hour week bill will not be compromised (say at 36 or 38 hours), and why there is so much uncertainty about NRA. Union labor officials would rath er have the Wagner bill than a continuance of NRA. Down in their hearts, but most confidentially, they would far rather have the Wagner bill than the 30-hour week—even without compromise. The answer to both is simple, but you cannot confirm the second in public. As to preferring the Wagner bill to NRA, the Wagner bill would be permanent legisla tion. As to preferring it to the 30 liour week, the Wagner mensure leaves more to be done by union officials, whereas the 30-hour week leaves less appeal to unorganized workers to Join labor unions and be gin paying dues. NRA and the 30-hour week to gether move directly townrd an ultimate goal which would sharply curtail the power, influence, need for perquisites of union labor lead ers. The government would step in and perform most of their func tions. It would gain for the work ers what the unions now have to fight with private Industry to at tain. And union labor leaders are very human. They like their jobs and their power and want to keep them. Hits Export Trade Great Britain's highly successful drive to compel Poland and other European countries to buy more British goods, if Britain is going to continue buying theirs, has played hob with prospects for Amer ican export trade. So has Italy's setting up of an "Amtorg”—called the National Institute for Foreign Trade—which is to handle all im ports nnd exports for that country. This government will beyond doubt denounce Its commercial treaties with Italy, Portugal, Pen mnrk and Poland In the near fu ture. Secretary of Stnte Cordell Hull, father of reciprocal trade agreements as a means of lowering economic barriers, has been reluct antly forced to this position. The action would have been taken al ready had It not been for the deli cate situation in Europe caused by the war talk. There Is no real hope that any negotiations short of the strong arm mettods of treaty de nunciation will lead to results. One of the effects of discrimina tions against American goods in Ku hope has been to boost the stock of George N. Peek, who stands for barter as the anly effective way of hurdling artificial national harriers, as against Secretary Hull's recip rocal plan. For example, the Chrys ler automobile people, enthusias tic about the Hull plan until Po land Imposed a quota system, have reluctantly come to the conclu sion that only the forthright Peek methods can accomplish anything. As showing the wheels within wheels, this Chrysler situation is most interesting. Chrysler has en joyed a very profitable market in Poland, selling many American cars there. Now Poland, under pressure from Great Britain, has instituted a quota system, which will cut auto Imports from America to the bone But this does not hurt Genera! Motors, or Ford, anything like as much. Both have factories in Euro pean countries, which are not hurl by the quota. American Labor Loses But every General Motors car sold in most European countries, instead of a Chrysler, deprives American workmen of just so much labor For example, in its factory in Bel gium, General Motors, building the Opel car, uses European made mo tors and European made tires. Whereas the Chrysler plant in Ant werp Is really more a warehouse than a factory. All American parts are used. Moreover, the purchase of Euro pean made parts is not all. The reciprocal treaty with Belgium pro vides for a much greater reduction in the tariff on parts than the tariff on cars. But the Italian situation is even more serious. Within a few weeks her new restrictions will bar all American wheat and tobacco, and will limit to 25 per cent of 1934 figures imports of American autos. The restriction to one-fourth of last year’s imports applies to 200 differ ent products 1 On Italy’s part this Is at once an attempt to adjust her long endur ing unfavorable balance of trade, and an attempt to stimulate domes tic production. But even 1934 ex ports from America to Italy were not big. They represented a very lean year for most American ex porters. The restriction on cotton is expected to have repercussions all through the South. Meanwhile Italy hopes either to increase the output of her Fiat and other auto factories, or to encourage all Amer ican manufacturers of cars to es tablish branch factories in Italy. Either of which would provide work for Italians. Wheat Is in a different category. Formerly the United States shipped about 80,000,000 bushels of wheat a year to Italy. With the boosting of the tariff on wheat to protect Amer ican farmers from hard Canadian wheat, Canada simply took over this market. Annoys White House White House irritation against the radio companies, for permitting Huey Long to get so much free time, is growing pretty hot. But it is not easy to make the case. To put It clearly and simply would lay the White House open to a charge of attempted censorship, and give Senator Sctrall of Minnesota more to talk about. That was irritating enough at the time. But the fact is that Huey’s at tacks have been annoying the ad ministration. from the President down, more than any other one thing. It is not really the imme diate political prospect of a third party, at all. It Is Just plain an noyance. The political situation, from the administration standpoint, is fine. If Huey succeeds in stirring up a radical third party, the President, moving slightly to the right, will simply annex what is left of the old Republican party’s conservative wing. Roosevelt’s re-election would be as sure as was Hoover’s defeat last time, or more accurately, as Taft’s defeat was in 1012. Moreover, the Itepublieans have played the Huey Long-Father Coughlin game. They have been hoping these malcontents would get somewhere. They have thought that only in a split of the President’s following could any Republican have a chance. Rut a radical Dem ocrat, garnering Democratic votes here and there, would or at least might elect a Republican. This phase of It was all right with the White House. Too Much Free Time Now what burns up the adminis tration is that Long has been get ting most of his time over the radio for nothing. The radio companies do not like this. They are very un easy about It. They know that both Long and Father Coughlin are tre mendous drawing cards over the radio. But they do not like the Idea of giving away time to some one who will produce irritation at the White House. It may spell trouble for them in other ways. They would much prefer to cut them tiff altogether. But they had agreed, some time hack, to give a certain amount of time to discussions of public ques tions, on the theory that such use of radio time was educational, in the best Interest of the country, and a generous contribution by a pros perous business to general welfare. They did not originate this atti tude. It was virtually forced on them. Partly by the radio commis sion nnd partly by senators and members of the house. Copyrtcbt.—WNU 8>rrio« BRISBANE THIS WEEK Aflolph S. Ochs Russia’s New Plane Superstition and Suicide Cocktail Parties The death of Adolph S. Ochs, ed itor and owner of the New York Times, Is a great Arthur Ilrluhane loss to Ameri can journalism and good citl z e n s h I p. Mr. Ochs was a good American, whose life and work set an admir able example to his profession. All his life a hard worker, con scientious, indif ferent to per sonal profit, Mr. Ochs often put to this writer and other friends the question, ever in his mind, “Flow can I make of the Times a permanent and useful institution?” Russia, according to Lloyd George, Is the world’s real flying nation, possesses, probably, the world's greatest fighting air fleet. It is certainly the country that takes fly ing most seriously, with 8,000,000 Russians trained in aeronautics, young Russian girls learning to pi lot planes and dirigibles and make 20,000-foot parachute Jumps, as our young girls learn new dance steps. This makes Important Russia’s announcement that she is manufac turing airplanes on a mass produc tion basis, using for air power “an ordinary light automobile engine.” The planes, very cheap, using or dinary gasoline, will be supplied to collective farms. Russia may be the first nation to do with flying machines what this country did with automobiles. American genius put this nation on wheels. If Rus sian engineering skill puts Russia on wings, it will make some other countries thoughtful. A young man is found strangely murdered, or committing suicide in an unusual way, hanging from a low tree. His legs were fastened be hind his back with chains, chains were around his hauds and neck, and a medal tiiat lie had won in an athletic contest was fastened with a safety pin to one of his nos trils. The man, thirty-one, who had been employed in moving pictures as a substitute for actors under dan gerous conditions, is believed by po lice to have killed himself in a strange way, through vanity, to at tract attention, climbing to the limb of a tree, adjusting the chain, dropping and strangling. Police quote a superstition of cer tain Malays who believe that evil spirits carry off their souls if they kill themselves. When they commit suicide they exhaust their Ingenu ity in efforts to die in such a fash ion as to make suicide seem im possible, that the spirits after in spection may decide that the dead man was murdered and leave his soul in peace. During prohibition, the habit of drunkenness was acquired by many, particularly young women. They yield more easily than men to the effects of alcohol and drugs, and once "caught” they are caught for life, usua.ly. American fathers and mothers that give cocktail parties for their sons and daughters, or permit them In their houses, should be told plain ly that they are using their money to make drunkards of the daughters and sons, and are not fit to have, or bring up, children. In addition to moving GO,000 more soldiers to the German lines, France Is hurriedly connecting her steel and concrete line of fortresses, with barbed wire entanglements and trenches. Thirty thousand soldiers are digging in as you read. The French apparently expect the same old thing over again, but they will not see it. Harlem, in upper New York city, with some 200,000 colored popula tion, is stamping ground for many that preach ultra-radical doctrines, including the theory that whoever has money must have stolen it from those that have no money. This added to race antagonism, and the influence of certain “ex horters,” brings results reminding citizens of what may happen when dangerous doctrines are preached recklessly. The latest news Indicates that Chancellor Hitler is not as anx ious for ‘‘war in a hurry” as was alleged. Sir John Simon, for England, re ceived from Hitler a written pro posal : First, a ten-year nonaggression treaty with Germany’s neighbors, nobody to attack anybody else. Second, a pledge to withhold economic and financial assistance from any nation starting a war. Hitler wrote that, and, if he means it, Lloyd George Is correct in his statement: “Not this time.” 1a Kin* Features Syndicate. Inn. WNTJ 8er\ tee. Winning Points. Back and Front PATTERN 2174 A pleated sleeve and contra-posed pockets give the front of this frock a vital, new appearance—but presto, change! Look at the back! Back buttons are very smart, placed at the side. For indulging in. or watching, the game, or to “live in" at play places, this dress is admirable. The new creamy beige, a pastel, or a gaily checked or candy-striped material of the washable variety would make an excellent choice. And don’t be afraid of outspoken fabric patterns this sea son ! Pattern 217-1 is available in sizes 12, 14, 16. 18, 20, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38 and 40. Size 16 takes 3}A yards 36-lncb fabric. Illustrated step-by-step sew ing Instructions Included. SEND FIFTEEN CENTS (13c) In coins or stamps (coins preferred) for this pattern. Write plainly name, address, and style number. BE SURE TO STATE SIZE. Address orders to Sewing Circle Pattern Department, 243 West Sev enteenth street, New York City. REGULATION “Can you regulate the stock ex change?” “Of course,” answered Mr. Dustin Stax. “But it’s like the family clock. You have to keep regulating it con tinually and then use your own judg ment about the real facts.” Shades of Confusion “I’ll have to be more systematic," said Senator Sorghum. “Bothered by bookkeeping?” “No. But my secretary has al lowed my religious ghost writer to get mixed up with my expert in lios* race dialect.” He Found Out lie—There nre an awful lot of girls who don't want to get married. She—How do you know? He—I’ve asked them.—Parts Mag azine. Snapped Up He—You should see the new altar in our church. She—Lead me to it. WNU—U 16—3T*
