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About The frontier. (O'Neill City, Holt County, Neb.) 1880-1965 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 22, 1934)
Gay Colors Doffed by World’s Armies France Last Nation to Dis card Bright Uniforms. Washington.—War sheds its last domino. French officials have re cently decided that members of the French artillery were proud figures but easy targets in sky-blue uni forms. In the future, they will march in khaki. A few blue uni forms, already made, will be util ized, but all new ones will be dust colored. "The French army is one of the last military powers to abandon its colorful uniform and Join the world’s drab-clad rauks." says the National Geographic society. “Al though a few countries, notably Spain and Japan, still retain elab orate full dress uniforms, most of the world's armies are now clothed inconspicuously to avoid detection from snipers and airplanes. Khaki Favorite Color. "British, Belgian, Polish, and Jap anese soldiers wear khaki uniforms which blend with the earth. Ameri can soldiers wear olive drab. Ger many’s uniforms are field gray; Spain's, gray; those of Switzerland, SHIRTWAIST FROCK Ur CHICHI K NICHOLAS It speaks well for a fashion when It carries over successfully from one season to unother as Is true of the shirtwaist frock. On the pres ent Btyle program the shirtwaist frock victoriously holds Its own as smnrt for daytime wear. It Is be ing tailored of timely light woolens or novelty weaves and even printed velveteen and velvets in rich au tumn hues are being fashioned shlrtwalst-wlse. There Is a new material Just brought out this sen son which yields most happily to the popular shirtwaist styling. It Is an all-bemberg surah cloth, be lng one of those synthetic weaves such as Is winning favor among even the best of lending designers. The great hue and cry for the dress which can be acceptably and com fortably worn under the heavy win ter coat Is admirnbly met In the shirtwaist dress pictured. An all bemberg surah cloth checked In black and red fashions It. An Egyptian motif at the collar orna ments the neckline. Italy and the Netherlands, gray green to blend with fields and woods. Endless weary processions of these cheerless-looking battal ions, grotesque In gas masks, and with steel helmets to ward off shrapnel, are visible prpofs that war’s grim business no longer mas querades as adventure. "Uniforms are worn for many reasons beside that of avoiding de tection. One of their chief uses Is the apparently contradictory one of being a means of identification. In early warfare, save for a few ex ceptions, such as the Roman legions, and Hannibal's Spanish troops, clad In red and white, armies were clothed belter skelter and were as sembled and Identified by flags and decorations. "In the Revolution, before the New England troops acquired uni forms, there wus much confusion because officers couldn’t be distin guished from privates. Orders from headquarters made differentiation possible by making field officers wear red or pink cockades In their hots. In 1779, Moylan's Continental Light Dragoons, wearing 240 blue and red coats captured from the Ilrltlsh, were In danger of being mistaken and shot for Ilrltlsh dragoons. Washington avoided this catastrophe by ordering the Ameri can dragoons to wear linen hunting shirts ns distinguishing marks. “Thnt uniforms provide one of the easiest means of picking cer tain people out of masses Is demon strated by the ubiquitous use of them for waitresses, shop clerks, ushers, messenger boys, and many other workers. Badge of Authority. “Uniforms, as every one knows, have a strong psychological effect on beholders. Football coaches have demoralized the opposing team's morale by merely sending on the field a hundred reserves in uni form, suggesting unlimited strength, or a player In a light track suit suggesting speed and fearlessness. “Shakos, busbys and other for midable tull cnps were probably In vented to add height to soldiers and make them more Impressive. “Prior to the Revolution, front iersmen gained quite a reputation for marksmanship. In the war, Washington advocated that all Con tinental troops wear hunting cos tumes with fringed tunic, leggings, and large powderborn, so that the British would Judge members of each encountered detachment front iersmen, and consequently good shots. "The uniforms of surgeons, nurses, mariners, chauffeurs, and policemen inspire the public to place added confidence In their skill or authority. Policemen have been distinguished by uniforms from early days. One of the first uni formed groups of policemen In Eng land were known as 'Robin Red breasts.’ from their red wnistcoats. "England Is a grent country for uniforms. She provides them for everyone from the gentleman usher of the black rod to his ma jesty’s swan keeper; from Judges in wigs and black velvet suits to her famous Horse Guards at White hall, in their dazzling metal cui rasses and helmets with flowing horsehair crests. England has 30 specified days known as collar days, beside several specified days, on which collars of Orders of the Gar ter are supposed to be worn by their possessors.’’ Tables Turn, Older Men Now Get Jobs! Cleveland, Ohio.—The old complaint of the older men that “young fellows nre always given the preference" when Jobs are given out has given way to the exact opposite. That was the conclusion reached here by the Y. M. C. A. officials after an employment survey of the city. Those making the survey re ported that the older men are now being given first choice. Reasons given by employers for the change in the trend were listed os follows; The fenr that young men may be radical; the desire for older and experienced men, and the difficulty of training youths who never have had steady Jobs. Philippine Output of Gold Increases ,,, -- <J Production of the Yellow Metal Rivals Alaska. Washington.—The Philippine Is lands, with prositectlve gold produc tion this year of $10,000,000, may Boon pass Alaska as a producer of the yellow metal, Jorgo It. Vargas, Philippines under secretary of agrl cule and commerce, predicted. He said that Philippines produc tion In 1933 was nearly $>8,000,000, double the preceding yenr, and seems likely again to double. Alas kun production, according to de partmental statistics, ranged from about $0,(MX),000 In 1027 to $9,500, (XX) In 1033. Will Be Permanent. “The Philippines industry Is not a flash In the pan, but will be per manent," Vurgas said. “Modern machinery and technical experts have been brought from the United States and scientific mining rapidly supersedes the placer production. "The mountain province In north ern Luzon is still the most produc tive region, but the old Spanish gold workings In Mindanao are again be ing o|>ened. Over 0,(XX) lode claims and 7,(XX) placer clulms have been registered." Vargas said thut the Philippines have large resources In Iron ore and copper ore, of which the devel opment has not gone very far be cause of the absence of smelters and the relative profitability of gold mining. Some Iron f*e at present Is sent to Japan fe- refining. Geo logical surveys Indicate the pres ence of petroleum In the Islands, but ns yet commercial wells have not been developed. More Trade Is Possible. Vargas’ remarks on the Impor tance of Insular mining were Intend ed to Indicate the possibility of fur ther development of mutually profit able and relatively noncompetitive commerce between the Philippines and the United States. He accom panied President Manuel L. Quezon of the Philippines senate to the United Stntes In an effort to keep open the transpacific tracks of com merce. “We want to produce In the Phil ippines articles which ns far as possible will not compete with Unit ed States products," he said, “In any cnse we would like to supply those articles which this country must obtain from tropical countries, or of which there Is a deficit In United Stntes supply.” Typical of this trend In Philip pines commercial policy, Vnrgus re vealed that Island oftlclnls are studying new uses of Manila hemp which muy be of future great Im portance to this country. Such ex periments relate to the use of hemp In manufacture of sugar bags and cotton bagging, for which Indian Jute Is now employed. Another Cornwallis Looks Over New York Commander the Hon tv \V. Corn wallis (right), a direct descendant of General Cornwallis of ((evolu tionary war fame who toirrendered to the Amertrun forte* at York towu. who arrived at New York on the Itritlah aloo|», II. M S Sear borough. looking over the akyllne of tiie city from a ferry bout SEEN-" HEARD around tha National Capital tssus-By CARTER FIELD sssssaa Washington.—One thing absolute ly certain in the new congress just elected Is the enactment of unem ployment Insurance. Not only is the President In favor of it, but ap parently there Is an overwhelming favorable sentiment among the new ly elected senators and members of the house. As a matter of fact, must business men seem to favor it. Nearly all the answers to recent inquiries sent out wholesale by the Department of Commerce, which were answered at all, favored the new idea. Though it must be admitted that barely one fifth of all the letters were an swered. Some of the big corporations are strongly opposed to any nationwide plan. They infinitely prefer for each company or employer to han dle his own. They make the argu ment that conditions vary so much that any other scheme would be manifestly unfair not only as be tween different industries, but be tween Individual workers. The administration, the writer Is in a position to state very positive ly. will not stand for this modifica tion of the plan. The unemploy ment Insurance bill passed by the next congress will be national in scope. New Dealers cannot con ceive the advantage to the country as a whole of several hundred thou sand different unemployment insur ance funds. But that is not the main objec tion to the “company union” sys tem of unemployment insurance. The main objection is that while it probuhly would afford excellent pro tection to employees of these same big companies, it would not work well in Instances wdiere small con cerns fail or curtail or encounter other difficulties. In such cases, New Dealers point out, the employees would become a public burden at once, and the big companies and their employees would all have to help through taxes. Encourage Idleness Another objection urged by oppo nents of the national unemployment Insurance Idea Is that It would en courage Idleness—that men or wom en who knew they would draw un employment payments would not be much concerned over whether they worked or not, or at least would not be In too much of a hurry to get another job when they found them selves out of work. There are two answers to this. One Is that the plan will very prob ably follow the European system, though no details have been defi nitely approved by the President. This provides a waiting period, of from two weeks upward, between the time the Job is lost and the pay ments from the unemployment fund begin. There were two original purposes In this when It was adopt ed by most of the countries now using unemployment Insurance. One of these was to lighten the burden on the fund, and the other was aimed at the very objection that im mediate payments would encourage loafing. There is another answer, but this is purely in the discussion stage, li is being strongly advocated by Col. Robert G. Elbert, of New York, prominent recently In NRA, and who has close relations with New Deal circles in various ways. Colo nel Elbert would set up an employ ment agency in connection with the Unemployment Insurance adminis tration. Whenever a worker who had been paying unemployment insurance premiums (and having them paid for him In addition by his employ er) should lose a Job, he would at once file application for payments, of course. Because the payments would not start for two weeks after such application. This insures promptness. But such filing would automatically put him In touch with the re-employment bureau of the In surance administration, and It would he the duty of the head of that local office to get the worker ; a job as quickly as possible. Might Be Upset Certain radicals in the Roosevelt camp are due for a sad disappoint ment iu the next moves of the Pres ident, unless some usually accurate advisers o' the Chief Executive are very much mistaken. Naturally enough, the radicals construe the huge Democratic ma jority as a mandate not only to con tinue the Roosevelt policies, but to turn further to the left. The point is that the Republicans are so helpless, so leaderless, and so without an effective Issue that no possible trouble from that quar ter presents itself—so far ns 10R(1 is concerned—unless there should he some altogether unexpected up set. The upset. In the nature of things, would not be political. There be ing no real political opposition to the New Deni ut the moment, any upset occurring would almost have to be economic. Of course, once there was an eco : nondc upset, there would be litinie i dlate political opposition. But for • the opposition to he important, the ' upset must come first It would , make no earthly difference how log ical the opposition might be—how clearly it might forecast an upsel if present policies were pursued. The upset would have to be upon the country before it would be im portant politically. Therefore—and here is the nub of the argument as presented by sources which up to now have never been wrong in forecast ing President Roosevelt’s course— Roosevelt’s immediate concern is not primarily political, but econom ic. He must do everything in his power to prevent an economic up set. So, instead of moving swiftly to the left, in obedience to the appar ent mandate of the voters, the Pres ident will move definitely to the right, in the hope of encouraging business and speeding revival of prosperity. Money Not Enough Just continuing to pour out money will not be enough. Revenue must be built up so that balancing the federal budget is at least on the horizon. Improvement of busi ness will help in two ways. It will produce additional taxes, and it will take up part of the spending load the government is now carry ing on relief. Roosevelt, as a matter of fact, has already taken two steps along the road of encouraging business. For he knew the problem before the returns came in. Nothing sur prised him much about the returns except that the New Deal majority was bigger than even he had hnnnH First, was his olive branch to the much despised bankers, even though the clear intimation of tighter fed eral control was there. Second, was his Statement—for the first time—of what he thought a fair rate of earning for capital in mod erately safe investments. It was 5 per cent. True, tills applied to first mort gages. But this is much better than business had any reason to expect. Because Roosevelt does not apply the banker’s percentage of losses to this calculation. He figures that, with the New Deal working, losses on first mortgages would be insig nificant. There would be no terri ble depressions and much more drastic supervision by the govern ment. So it means very nearly 5 per cent net. G. O. P. Reconciled So far from having a definite plan to revive the Republican party, the plain truth is that most of the so-called G. O. P. leaders are actually reconciled to a continu ance of Democratic predominance for at least three more years. Down in their hearts they have very little hope of defeating Roose velt for re-election in 1936, if he lives. They have no outstanding leader In mind who might carry their standard to victory two years hence, and they have no particular issue in mind on which to base the Presidential battle. Half a dozen important Repub licans, talking privately to the writer, several Just before election day, and others ns the returns were coming in, voiced the same idea— though, not of course, for quota tion in connection with their names. Their logic runs about as follows: The Democrats have had a top heavy majority in the house for two years. Largely due to the fact that congress was so completely over shadowed by the executive branch of the government, this did not in volve them in the troubles which a top-heavy majority usually spells for the party having it. They are now certain to have that top-heavy majority for two more years. The extreme probability is that Roosevelt will be overwhelm ingly re-elected in 1936. That means continuance of the top-heavy ma jority for two more years, a total of six. Now, these Republicans contend, that is too much for any party to stand without developing rifts which will tear it to pieces. It is the history of elective parliamentary bodies that no party can go ahead without serious internal splits for a long period of time with top heavy majorities. Some History But it is Interesting to note what happened to the Republicans after they had eight years of full control, culminating with the Hoover land slide. If they had had only a bare majority of the two houses in 1929, when the tariff bill was taken up, it is contended by many Republi can leaders, it would have been im possible for the Smoot-Hawley tar iff bill to be pushed through. Hoo ver did not want it. Congress ran away with him after his suggestion of mild increases on farm products. Most people have forgotten it, be cause so much has happened since, but the publicity of the deadly Shonse-Mlchelson machine, which destroyed Hoover, pounded away for years on that tariff bill. All the blame for the world depression was put on it. But the main point of all this Is not to attempt to forecast the far distant future, but to apprulse the probability in the congress to con vene in January. The fact is now that the Republicans have no par ticular objective. They have no Idea who their lenders are to be, nor what will be their Issues. So they cannot work toward anything. Coprrlsbt.—WNU Sarvtcw Our Thanksgiving Day - -.TV. -f \ X. Wy Puritan grandmother swept and spun And pray ed to God on Thanks giving Day i Her soul content with a work well done And her heart too earnest for pleasures gay. Out I like to think that her irk some load, Travail and labor and urge and goad, ff as joy—because she was hew ing a road A road that should be my way. My Puritan grandmother biased a trail And looked to God on Thanks giving Day, And hole can 1 dare to shirk or fail, I u-ho have such a debt to pay? Teach me, Lord, as I kneel in prayer, To lif t her torch in my hands, to dare To keep unsullied and straight and fair The road that she made my L. MITCHELL THORNTON In Amaritam Agrieullmrlal VAqA y - , '* .A, fuA^4M. Q\ib^ ©OXL^]^ HE aiortons had moved _. ■ their big round dining j I S—* room table into the living L_aJ|eJ room by the fireplace Just for the day. “The tire will be so cheerful for our Thanks giving dinner and then we cun sit around and listen to the radio,” suggested Corinne, the younger daughter. Mrs. Morton was trying bravely to hide the grief In her heart at the absence, for the first time from their holiday table, of her son, Tom. There was an enforced air of cheerfulness as they all set to work to lay the forks and knives and make the centerpiece of pumpkin and chrysanthemums. Tom had disappeared more or less mysteriously from the home town and the family circle more than six months before and no one. not even his mother nor his sweetheart, Beth Arden, had heard a line from him. The fact that he was a tempera Arranging the Centerpiece of Pump, kin and Chrysanthemums. mentul lad and had been possessed with the belief that he was a round peg In a square hole had led all those who loved him to believe that he had merely disappeared of his own volition but had not met with accident or foul play. When the big table was fairly groaning under its weight of food and the turkey lay brown and tempting on the platter in front of Mr. Morton’s place there was not a member of the party who did not want to quote the trite old lines, “There is no fireside, howsoe’er de fended, but has one vacant chair.” Hut no one said a word about the absent Tom. “It is so nice to he Included In your family party today,” said Beth as she took her seat. “We couldn’t think of anything else with your own family so far away," said Mrs. Morton, kindly. A general discussion of drum sticks and turkey anatomy fol lowed as each of the children tried to be indite and yet make it known to father which part he preferred. “Tom always liked the part that goes over the fence last,” piped up Johnny, the youngest Morton, re gardless of the danger of bringing tears to his mother's eyes. “He did. dear." said his mother with trembling volets. But she smiled. “How about a little music while we eat. son,” said the father after he had heljsed himself to what was left of the bird. David, the family radio enthusi ast. was only too eager to tune in something and drag forth from the air some of his favorite music. “Nothing like a little good music to Jazz up a fninily party,” he said, turning the dials with masterly band He got a station that advertised a good dinner program and resumed his seat. One piece of popular music fol lowed another with announcements in between and it was not long be fore the Morton family had shaken •8 its haunting loneliness for the PILGRIMS’ FAST DAY DREVIOUS to the start of the ■ Pilgrims from Leyden, Hol land, on their trip to America, a solemn day of fasting was de creed, the day before leaving, the 21st day of July, 1G20. After the landing in Plymouth, the Colonists experienced great hard ships and as a means of evidenc ing their reliance on Almighty God a solemn day of fasting was proclaimed for Wednesday, the 16th day of July, 1623. On this day no food was partaken of from sunrise to sunset, but the entire day was spent in religious observance and prayer.—Wash ington Star. absent Tom and was enjoying the program and the dinner. Suddenly came a voice from the loud-speaker—a voice that startled every member of the family—and Beth. It was, undoubtedly, Tom Morton’s voice. “It’s Tom 1” said every one. “Listen I” said Mr. Morton rais ing a silencing hand. The voice of the wanderer came clearly into the room. “In the absence of P.N.D., our announcer for this hour, who want ed to Join his family for Thanksgiv ing turkey, I will make the an nouncements for W.F.K.” “But what’s he doing? How does he happen to be there?” asked the Incorrigible Johnny. “No one knows more than you do, Johnny" said his mother. "Walt and see.” “Anyone wishing to request spe cial numbers from any of our art ists may call Shopkins 8888," Tom’s voice said after a number of sing ers had done their bit Mr. Morton rose quickly and went to the telephone in the rear hall. The family seated around the dwindling dinner was breathless with Interest and excitement. By the smile she saw on Mr. Mor ton’s face and the trace of tears in his fine eyes, the mother knew that there was no bad news of her son. Mr. Morton sat down before he told his story. Tom, it seems, had become dissat isfied with his slow progress in the home town and was ashamed to keep on moving from one failure to another and, in spite of what he knew was not the right way to do it. he had left to try some work he had always felt would be in his line —managing a sort of spectacular ad vertising department for a large store. He had found a berth In a city nearby and had been very success “Listen:" Said Mr. Morton, Raising a Silencing Hand. ful in conducting a radio studio for his Arm. tie had waited to let bis family hear of him in Just this way because he felt that It would moke it a real Thanksgiving for every oue —most of all for him. “And he’s on his way here now— be here in an hour and a half,” fin ished the father. “And the turkey’s tali is gone,” lamented Johnny. “Never mind. My son shall have a wonderful dinner and—oh Beth, you will help us to try to hold hiiu, now. won't yon?" Beth nodded u little guiltily. Per haps she had been partly to blame for his disappearance but she would make up for tt now. Absence had taught her that she loved Tom. CX MeClur* N*w*p«p*r SroiUcst*