WHAT’S DOING AT
THE STATE HOUSE
By Jam »s R. Lowell
All politically inclined eyes were
on the corn-hog producers’ vote- on
the AAA control plan, and the way
it turned out the republicans figure
they got the best of it, altho W. H.
Brokaw, state AAA administrator
states that the balloting was really
intended for the farmers who had
signed the government contract and
these signers showed a slight ma
jority in favor of continuing the
plan in 1935 while turning thumbs
down on 1936 control as offered.
The total vote of both 1934 sign
ers and non-sigr.ers for continu
ation of the corn-hog plan in 1935
was 29,490, while 36,104 votod
agaist continuation. Signers voted
27,322 for and 26,590 against the
1935 program, giving the program
a 754 majority and indicating the
1935 program will be carried out
In the state. The vote was ndn
binding, however. a
As for the 1936 program which
would establish only one contract
per farm, covering both corn and
hogs instead of the present sepa
rate contracts, it was virtually
snowed under. The total of both
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signers and non-signers voting
against it was 42,384 compared to
17,071 in favor. Contract signers
voted 32,867 against and 15,712 for.
Some democrat spokesmen have
pointed pridefully to the fact that
2,169 farmers who previously had
refused to sign for the 1934 pro
gram voted for the 1935 program.
They failed to mention the 26,690
signers who voted against continu
ation in 1935.
As a matter of fact the vote
really had litle political significance.
Such organizations as the Farmers’
Union and the Nebraska State
Grange have indicated that they
favored a control program for corn
and hog production while not ag
reeing in all respects with the pro
gram as voted upon. Thus a
farmers who voted against the 1935
and 1936 programs might be a
strong democratic backer and vice
■'versa.
A resolution adopted at the an
nual convention of the Grange last
week at Kearney qualified the
Grange support of the AAA as an
emergency measure only, and asked
correction of “mistakes” in the ad
justment program. Farmers’ Union
representatives several weeks ago
at Omaha indicated they would
favor both the 1935 and 1936 corn
hog programs if certain changes
were made.
Political prognosticators, long
given to considering Iowa as a sort
of “Maine" in indicating which way
political winds will blow n Nebras
ka, are somewhat puzzled over the
breach between Iowa and Nebras
ka voters on the AAA program.
Iowa farmers favored the 1935 and
1936 corn^iog programs, the for
mer by a heavy majorty, while our
neighbor to the north, South Dako
ta, also favored both plans.
With Senator Norris campaign
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BOWEN’S VARIETY
THE STORE OF TEN THOUSAND ARTICLES
ing in the state for his one-house
legislature plan, the unicameral
issue has succeeded in crowding
state prohibition out of first place
in public interest where the three
constitutional amendments to be
voted on in November are con
cerned. Altho the State Grange
recently adopted a resolution favor,
ing the plan and the senator is
making a strong fight for its adopt
ion by the voters, present indi
cations are that the one-house leg
islature will not become a reality
in Nebraska, at least in this elect
ion.
Whereas few organizations have
taken a definite stand on the uni
cameral legislature plan, the same
condition does not hold for prohi
bition. The Nebraska Federation
of Women’s Clubs in annual session
last week went on record as op
posed to any return of the saloon.
Baptist pastors of Nebraska
meeting at Omaha and the annual
conference of the Nebraska Presby
terian synod at Superior both gave
considerable attention to the ap
proaching vote on retention or re
peal of the state prohibition con
stitutional provision. Whereas the
Baptists went on record as strongly
opposed to repeal, however, the
Presbyterians asked members of
the church to “vote their conscience
on the questions of legalization of
pari-mutuel betting betting on horse
races.” The Presbyterians also
adopted a resolution for a program
of temperance education among
young people to fortify them
against liquor propaganda.
The Nebraska Women’s Chris
tian Temperance Union in conven
tion at Fremont decided to issue
preferred lists of political candi
dates and distribute anti-repeal lit
erature in its fight to keep the state
dry in the November election.. The
Nebraska State Federation of Labor
in convention at the same city a
short time previously adopted a
resolution flatly supporting repeal
of the state’s prohibition laws.
Of the three constitutional
amendments to be voted upon No
vember 6, the information gathered
by the Lowell Newspaper Service
at Lincoln is that state prohibition
will be repealed while the one-house
legislature and legalization of the
pari-mutual betting will go down to
defeat.
Other highlights in the political
arena are the Burke-Simmons de
bates and, the supreme court’s
action in holding that the party
circle shall not go on the ballot
this fall. This will be the first
time in the state’s history that
there has been no party circle on
the general election ballot. Gov
ernor Bryan expresses himself as
highly pleased with the situation,
but most other democrats are able
to conceal their elation over the
upholding of this law passed by the
democratic session of 1933. Reason:
For the second time in recent his
tory they stand in a position to
profit from the party circle because
of having a majority of the regis
tered voters on their side.
The initial debates staged by the
senatorial candidates, Republican
Simmons and Democratic Burke,
took on more of a mud-slinging
complexion than most fair-minded
audiences might care for. Sim
mons started it at Fremont by
dubbing Burke “Mullen’s Man,” and
Burke came back with “Sam Mc
Kelvie’s Puppet” as applied to Sim.
mons.
Remaining debates of the sched
uled series of ten are as follows:
Omaha, October 18; Norfolk Oc
tober 20; Nebraska City, October
22; Lincoln, October 26; Grand Is
land, October 29; Hastings, Octo
ber 30; Omaha, November 2.
Factory stacks are belching
smoke again in the Nebraska pan
handle sugar-beet towns as the pro
cessing of the 1934 beet harvest
gets under way. Machinery in the
first factory of the great Western
Sugar company went into action
last Wednesday at Lyman. Other
factories now are in operation at
Scottsbluffs, Gering, Mitchell, Min
atare and Bayard. More than
2,500 Nebraskans have gone to
work in those refineries. Hundreds
more are at work at the beet dumps.
Approximately 53,000 acres of
sugar beets in the North Platte
valley will be harvested and a yield
of 636,000 tons is in sight. About
$3,860,000 plus approximately
$1,000,000 in government benefits
for acreage reduction is expected to
be poured into th.c pocket9 of the
growers, and this money, circulat
ing from farmers to laborers to
business houses will mean a sharp
business upturn in the panhandle.
Jobs created by the beet harvest
are not confined to beet workers
alone but to train crews, truckers
and other transportation and field
phaes of the great industry.
One of the latest governmental
divisions to make its budgetory re
quest for the approaching biennium
is the Nebraska State Fair, which
wants $60,264 more than it was al
lowed by the 1933 legislature.
This year’s fair took in $47,635 and
its expenditures were $51,939, leav
ing a $4,407 deficit which the 1936
legislature will be asked to make
up.
The total asked for by the fair
for the next fiscal biennium is
$173,331, but thii includes $50,221
to wipe out the remaining balance
of a deficit of approximately $100,
000 incurred during the period of
1931-1932. The last legislature ap
propriated enough to pay half of
this indebtedness. A sizeable item
of the increase to be asked for is
$20,000 for premiums or $16,000
more than the legislature has been
appropriating for that purpose each
biennium.
The Fair Board requests $60,000
I
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speed when the road is straight and clear.
Expect to be surprised at added mileage per
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when your car is powered with
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Phone 16 O’Neill, Nebr.
tor maintenance, or $25,000 more
than the last legislature allowed;
$10,000 for 4-H work, $2,500 more
than allowed in 1933; $25,000 for
promotion of organized agriculture
activities, or $10,000 above 1933 al
lowance; $2,500 to defray expenses
of the annual meetings of organ
ized agriculture, the same as prev
iously; and $2,600 for the salary of
the grounds superintendent, the
same as before.
The board of educational lands
and funds is requesting a budget of
$32,000 for the next biennium.
The increase here is due to an iten
of $5,000 for employment of a field
man to obtain desirable bond in
vestments for the state and keep
tab on school land leases and rental
payments.
Gist of the Capitol News
The state insurance department
reports that state hail insurance
for 1934 resulted in a deficit of
about $20,000 because of the small
amount of business carried. Only
57 policies were taken out and
losses for the season amounted to
$7 ,711. All losses will be paid as
the fund had a balance of $21,014
from la^t year.
The state banking bureau reports
legal costs of $372,537 in the re
ceivership division for collecting
$4,808,568 for the fiscal year ended
June 30, 1934. The cost of liquid
ating assets of failed banks was
$7.43 per $100, compared with
$12.13 per $100 the year before,
according to Director E. H. Luikart.
Wilcey W. Lanford, chief clerk
at the state penitentiary,has plead
ed not guilty to a charge of em
bezzlement of public money and his
preliminary hearing will be held in
Lincoln municipal court October 19.
The state alleges that Lanford who
has been chief clerk of the prison
for three years took $7,051 of the
prison’s money. No savings of
prisoners were taken.
State board of educational lands
and funds has been informed that
the town of Spencer, Boyd county,
is facing the necessity of taking
bankruptcy. This is permissable
under a new federal law. If the
town takes bankruptcy it will be
the first Nebraska town to do so.
Nebraska Emergency Relief Ad
ministration announces that 34
CCC camps will be maintained in
Nebraska, Iowa and South Dakota
as part of the winter emergency
relief program. Fifteen of the
camps will be in Nebraska and will
concentrate mainly on soil erosion
| prevention. Incidently Camp No.
751, one of the first to be organ
ized, both in the country and in the
state, is back on Nebraska soil at
Tekamah after having traveled
6,500 miles and occupied three
other sites.
Nebraska will have 200 study
centers supported by the FERA
this winter. The plan was inaug
urated last year. FERA provides
funds in local schools for classwork
designed especially for adult un
employed. Qualified instructors
are selected from among the unem
ployed for centers which have ten
students enrolled. Cooperating
with the FERA are the state super
intendent’s office and the extension
division of the uivversity.
TRADE IN TIRE SALE!
What's that? An old-fashioned
Trade-In Tire Sale at Gambles?
That s a break—After higher prices
have worn my rubber thin. 4.40-21,
$4.39 exch.—5.00-19, $5.90.
E. C. Wertz, one of the pioneer
residents of the northeastern part
of the county, was a pleasant caller
at this office this afternoon and ex
tended his subricption to this
household necessity up to January
1, 1936. Mr. Wertz says that he
has been reading The Frontier ever
since he has been able to read, as
his father, the late Alex W'ertz,
subscribed for it shortly after its
establishment and received it week
ly throughout his lifetime and E.
C. has been getting the paper since.
It has become an absolute necessity
in my home, he said. Thanks, E.
C. We are always pleased to learn
that our readers appreciate the
paper and the efforts we put forth
to give you a good livepaper. It
gives us the incentive to try and
get out a better paper, week after
week. It is this ambition and effort
that makes life worth while.
CATTLE MEN MADE GOATS
Cattle growers who expect to re
ceive benefits from AAA must
pledge themselves, in binding con
tract, to abide by all existing and
all future government regulations
'which may be promulgated for the
regulation of the cattle industry.
But for some unexplained raggon
an exception was made in the easi
I of sheep-growers, who lately have
sold to the government millions of
head of sheep, without being re
I quirt'd to place themselves under
I future obligations to the depart
ment of agriculture.
Original Spanish Main
Greatly Narrowed Down
Named la the heyday of conquls
tadores and pirates, the old Span
ish Alain originally comprised that
part of the Atlantic ocean plied by
Spanish treasure ships, says the
National Geographic society. The
name later embraced the shores of the
Caribbean islands and adjacent
coasts of South and Central Amer
ica, but finally narrowed until it de
notes specifically the northern coast
of South America between the Isth
mus of Panama and delta of the
Orinoco—the coastal zones of Ven
ezuela, Colombia and Panama.
Columbus sighted the palm-fringed
shores of the Spanish Main in 1498.
Red-painted Indians sucking brews
from gourds watched the subsequent
arrivals of Balboa and others who
carried back to Europe amazing
tales of pearls, gold, and Indians
suitable for slaves. Men swarmed
the coast to erect fortified settle
ments and to ship wealth back to
Europe. Seeking the fabulous riches
reputed to be In the interior, they
pushed through almost Impenetrable
Jungles. Before them fled harassed
Indians, discharging poisoned ar
rows, futile against armor.
Settlers lived largely on a plenti
ful supply of immense tortoises and
wild boars. Some, settling near
what is Santo Domingo, hunted and
smoked buffalo. They became known
as buccaneers from the French word
boucaner, to smoke meat.
Others became farmers, cultivat
ing tobacco with the aid of numer
ous white and negro slaves. Many
of the slaves ran away and joined
the buccaneers, who, having become
bored with buffalo hunting, took up
pirating, preying on Spanish galle
ons and coastal settlements. The
Spanish Main offered numerous nat
ural advantages to these seafaring
bandits: luxurious forests out of
which to build their barks, lakes
of pitch for calking the new craft,
and hidden harbors from which to
surprise their prey.
Air Surrounding Planet
Fifteen Pounds to Inch
The poet writes of “trifles light
as air,” and we often talk of “airy
nothings,” but the atmosphere which
surrounds our planet and accom
panies It on its journeyings through
space is not so light as we often im
agine. Its average pressure is 15
pounds to the square inch.
The barometer, as its name im
plies, is an atmosphere weigher, and
on the varying weights, noted over
large areas, depend our daily weath
er forecasts. A change of an inch
in the height of the mercury col
umn means a change of atmospheric
weight of half a pound per square
inch on the earth’s surface, so that
even a change of one-tenth of an
Inch in the barometer represents
88,000 tons per square mile. A
change of an inch over the land
area of the British Isles signifies
th<* colossal total of considerably
more than one hundred thousand
million tons of air!
The Variation
Variation means change, and when
a piece of music is called an air
and variation It means that the com
poser has rung the changes in dif
ferent ways on a tune of his own,
or somebody else’s, making.
When keyed Instruments first ap
peared variations were very popu
lar. At first they were twiddles
and ornaments attached to the air.
Then little note patterns came along,
and eventually the tune was dressed
in all kinds of ways—sometimes
in dance rhythm, sometimes in
stately measure. Often a variation
would bring out a sad feeling in the
melody. Beethoven wrote ns many
as 32 on his own original tune.
Bach and Brahms loved making
variations.
_—
Famous Russian Library
The famous and magnificent state
library at Leningrad which was
founded in 1S14 and early became
one of the great treasure houses of
the world has not lost much of Its
magnificence and value since the
revolution. It still contains most
of the valuable collections for which
it was noted. Including Voltaire’s
library, which was bought Intact
by Catherine II, many of the most
celebrated copies of the Bible and
the Koran, rare Hebrew manu
scripts of the Pentateuch and the
famous Codex Slnaitlcus, which
next to the one in the Vatican, is
the oldest Greek manuscript In ex
istence of the New Testament, hav
ing been found in an ancient mon
astery on Mount Sinai.
The Crest Horned Owl
The great horned owl Is one mem
ber of the owl family that can be
classed as predatory, for the rea
aon that a considerable portion of
Its diet consists of desirable small
game species such as grouse, quail
and rabbits. Yet in spite of this It
also hunts gophers, red squirrels,
mice and rats. This owl is one of
the largest birds of prey and is en
dowed with an uncanny lack of fear.
Height of Hemlock Treet
The hemlock commonly attains a
height of about 75 feet and a trunk
diameter of 2 to 3 feet. Very old
trees in good soil may reach up 100
feet and attain a diameter of 5 to
tf feet. The hemlock Is a sturdy
trie. It Is valuable for lumber and
an Important source of wood pulp.
The bark Is extensively used in tan
nerlcs.
Henry Mencken, in the normally
democratic Baltimore Sun, had this
to say: “My private belief is that
Dr. Roosevelt actually had no plan
at all, and nothing properly des
cribed as an outfit of ideas. Never
in his life has he shown any grasp
of fundamental political principles,
whether good or bad. They simply
do not exist for him.”
REPUBLICAN PARTY
NOT OPPOSED TO RELIEF
Henry P. Fletcher, chairman of
the republican national committee
says: “The republican party is
not and will not be opposed to
proper relief. It has the same
sympathy that the New Deal has
for our fellow citizens in want.
But the charge is repeated, that the
New Dealers, by their own state
ments, are using taxpayers’ money
as a campaign fund.”
Eveyrbody’s Weekly: Wife—
I put your shirt on the clotheshorse,
dear.
Husband—W’hat are the odds?
STATEMENT OF OWNERSHIP
Statement of the ownership, man
agement, etc., required by the
Act of Congress of March 3, 1933
of The Frontier published weekly
at O’Neill, Nebraska, for October
1, 1934.
State of Nebraska, County of Holt,
ss.
Before me, a notary public in
and for the county and state afore
said, personally appeared D. H.
Cronin, wrho , having been duly
sworn according to law, deposes
and says that he is the publisher of
The Frontier and that the follow
ing is, to the best of his knowl
edge and belief,a true statement of
the ownership, management, etc., of
the aforesaid publication for the
date shown in the above caption,
required by the Act of August 24,
1912, embodied in section 411, of
Postal Laws and Regulations,
printed on the reverse of this form,
to-wit:
That the name of the publisher,
editor, managing editor, and bus
iness manager is D. H. Cronin,
O’Neill, Nebraska.
That the owner is D. H. Cronin,
O’Neill, Nebraska.
That there are no stock, bond or
mortgage holders.
D. H. CRONIN, Publisher.
Subscribed to and sworn to be
fore me this 10 day of October,
1934.
F. N. CRONIN, Notary Public.
My Commission expires Sept. 15,
1938.
MISCELLANEOUS
FOR TRADE: Improved acreage
at Fremont for good house here in
O’Neill.—Address, 1800 South
Main, Fremont, Nebr. 22-lp
LOST AND FOUND
LOST—Thursday, a child’s tricycle,
between the factory and our home.
Reward..—L. M. Merriman. 22-1
FOR SALE
THOROBRED Mammoth Bronze
Turkey Gobblers, May hatch,
weighing from 16 to 18 lbs., $5.00
each.—A. B. Wertz, Star. 22-2p
Q’S QUALITY Milk and Cream.
The best by test, at John Kersen
brock’s, or phone 240.—John L.
Quig. 40tf
Office Phone 17 Res. Phone 2432
Dr. H. C. NICHOLS
Tonsil Specialist
Prices $10.00 — $12.50 — $15.00
Call or Write For Information
Office & Hospital Grand Island,
4th and Pine St. Nebraska
--————————-—.
Diamond —Watches — Jewelery j
Expert Watch Repairing
O. M. Herre—Jeweler i
In Reardon Drug Store
W. F. FINLEY, M. D.
Phone, Office 28
O’Neill :: Nebraska
I)R. J. P. BROWN
Office Phone 77
Complete X-Ray Equipment
Glasses Correctly Fitted
Residence Phone 223
Dr. F. A. O’Connell
Dentist
GUARANTEED WORK
MODERATE PRICES
O'NEILL :: NEBRASKA
