The Frontier
D. H. Cronin, Editor and Proprietor
Entered at the Postoffice at O’Neill,
Nebraska as Second Class Matter.
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Economic Highlights
Opposition to the Administration,
which has been scattered, weak and in
effective during the past two years, is
gaining both in volume and in strength.
Organizations, carrying prominent
names on their letterheads, are spring
ing up with the purpose of combatting
alleged growth of bureaucracy.
Newest and most important of these
organizations is the American Liberty
League. It has two announced pur
poses: To disseminate information
that will teach the necessity of respect
for the rights of persons und prop
erty os a fundamental principle of
constitutional government; and to
teach the duty of government to en
courage and protect individual and
group initiative and enterprise. Any
one who can reud between the lines
will realize that it is the opinion of
the Leugue’s backers that present gov
ernment activities are inimical to these
principles.
What makes the League more than
ordinarily important is the fact that
its principal sponsors are both ex
democratic presidential nominees—Al
fred E. Smith and John W. Davis.
President of the League is Jouett
Shou.se, a super-organizer and pub
licist, and a man who knows every in
and out of politics. Mr. Davis is one
of the nation’s most distinguished
conservatives, a man of the highest
ability und integrity.
According to Mr. Shouse, member
ship applications are flowing into the
League offices, and there will be no
lack of funds with which to work.
President Roosevelt, asked about it by
reporters, guve an opinion on the
League in which he said that he ap
proved of its two purposes, but that
he believed government has other re
sponsibilities as well.
The League, and other organizationsi
with simlar plans, won’t get into mo
tion to uny major extent until the
November elections are over as strat
egists think it would be waste effort to
start aggressive action until next
yenr. But when the battle begins,
there will be no quarter given on
either side. Every major govern
mental principle is at issue, und it’s
going to be a great fight.
Reports from the business front of
late have not been exciting, inasmuch
as industry at large has neither risen
nor fallen, but has held languidly to
the same level for many weeks. How
ever, the outlook for fall and winter is,
according to some experts, improving.
Hope of a seasonal upturn after Labor
Day has dttered some encouragement
to the stock market, in spite of the
fact that no evidence pointing to a
major expansion in industrial oper
ations has been forthcoming.
Inside Administration circles, great
faith is felt in the new federal housing
administration as a busness reviver.
The law authorizing this body was
passed by the last Congress, at the
request of the President, and a short
time ago the machinery for putting its
provisions into action was completed.
It works this way: Banks and savings
and loan associations apply to the
Housing Administration for a contract
which insures their building loans up
to 20 per cent. Then the bank can
lend from $100 to $2,000 to local
property owners, without collateral.
Amount of the loan is limited to one
fifth of the borrower’s income, and
the money can be repayed on a three
year installment basis. Maximum
interest rate is 6 per cent. If the
borrower defaults, the government will
repay the bank 20 cents on each dol
lar lost.
Early reports indicate that applica
tions for loans are flowing into banks
all over the country at an amazing
rate—some banks have been forced
to establish separate departments for
handling them. It is forecast that
$1,000,000,000 may be released for
property modernization under this
scheme—that much money, going inti
supplies and materials and employ
ment, would give a powerful upward
impetus to every industry.
The drouth wiped out the crops of
some of our richest farming states—
but the national farm income this yeai
will total up considerably more than
last. Reason for that is the sharp rise
in the value of what crops remain
Corn will bring double last year’s
prices—livestock, poultry, and dairy
products, which constitute the bulk ol
the farm income, will bring in $700,*
000,000 more than they did in 1033.
Dun and Bradstreet forecasts that
the increase in total farm income will
be from 20 to 25 per cent—about $1,
500,000,000. Standard. Statistics be
lieves the rise will amount to $2,000,.
000,000. Goverment experts unofficial
ly say that the increase will be around
$1,000,000,000. Thus, there is con
siderable difference of opinion as to
how much more the farmer will have
to spend when 1034 closes—but every
agency is certain his pockets will be
better lined than before—and prin
cipal credit for this improvement in
the financial condition of the great
majority of fnrmers goes to old Moth
er Nature’s system of adjusting sup
ply and demand.
Nebraska’s Political Sower
By James R. Lowell
Whether or not to retain state con
stitutional prohibition is one of the
really perplexing questions which Ne
braskans face in the approaching
election, and in order to keep its read
ers informed as to the trend of public
sentiment along with the arguments
being presented by exponents on both
sides of the question, this newspaper
will publish the results of a survey to
be made by the Lowell Newspaper
Service of Lincoln.
A Scottsbluff editor says “the vote
here will be enmphatically in favor of
repeal of prohibition. Due to the
nearness of Colorado and Wyoming,
the latter state being but a half hour
drive by car, people here can get all
the wet goods they want. They feel
that Nebraska might just as well get
the tax, instead of Wyoming, on the
liquor consumed by this section.”
B. F. Robinson, editor of the Lodge
pole Express, thinks the people of his
vicinity will vote ‘dry” despite their
nearness to Colorado. An eastern Ne
braska editor says he wouldn’t be sur
prised to see the stute retain its dry
status, but he adds that "we’re darn
fools if we do.” A northern Nebraska
editor says we’re going “wet,” and a
south-central editor says we’ll stay
"dry.”
On the “dry” side of the fence, the
Nebraska Anti-Saloon league has ap
pointed as its field secretary J. I
Carter, who helped organize the dry?
in North Dakota to win a recent refer
endum on prohibition.
Supt. R. P. Hutton of the league
remarks that “William Jennings Bry
an was the Moses who led the prohibi
tion exodus. Ncbruska cast the 3fith
and the deciding vote which wrote
prohibition into the fundamental law
of the land. Nebraska must be tilt
state to turn the tide, and an over
whelming majority against repeal this
fall will do that job.”
One of the founders of the Anti
Saloon league, speaking last month in
Ohio, predicted that Nebraska and
Kansas in November "will hold thi
line firmly in the second dry war.”
lCev. ivn m. mms, ot tne iNeurasKU
VV. C. T. U., declares that accidents
have increased, in this state since the
repeal of the 18th amendment. If the
people of Nebraska want repeal and
want to experiment on some method
of control, she suggests keeping the
Nebraska law for two more years to
study the 28 different methods of con
trol used by the various wet states.
Brewers and users of beer will vote
to keep constitutional prohibition in
Nebraska, in the opinion of the Ne
braska United Temperance Campaign
committee, of which II. F. Martin is
chairman. This committee expects
beer fans and brewers to vote dry and
that their vote, plus the dry vote, “will
bury repeal in Nebraska, Nov. 6, ns it
did in North Dakota, June 27.
“Nebraska, like North Dakota, leg
alized beer,” the committee continues,
“and has been a brewing state from
the first. It prohibits whiskey and
never was a distilling state. Repeal
will send Nebraska money to distil
ling state, like Pennsylvania, and make
jobs there, but it will take money
from Nebraska brewers and take jobs
from Nebraska brewery workers; and
if repeal carries, the drys are certain
to initiate prohibition of all liquor, in
cluding beer, and bring it to a vote
in 1936.”
On the “wet” side there is opposi
tion to the contention of the temper
ance committee that beer drinkers and
brewers will vote dry. Mrs. D. O.
Verity, of Omaha, secretary of the
Nebraska Women’s Repeal league,
says “the hope of the dry committee
for support from the brewers is vi
sionary ami without foundation in
fact. We confidently expect the sup
port of every brewery worker not only
because he has a job as a result of
national repeal, but also he realizes
more than others, perhaps, that pro
hibition is a failure.
Mrs. Verity continues: “It is also
an erroneous conclusion that repeal
will send any money out of the state
i in addition to what is already being
sent out. Most of the consumers of
hard liquor are now drinking liquor
distilled out of the state and boot
legged to them with practically no
interference by the present dry ad
ministration of this state.”
A vigorous campaign to prevent Ne
braska from going tnto the dry column
has been launched by the Nebraska
Beverage Dispensors’ association.
Fred Parker, secretary-treasurer, says
it is common knowledge that, should
Nebraska “go dry,” the drys would
try to eliminate 3.2 beer on the
grounds that it is intoxicating and
therefore illegal.
Omaha law enforcement and judicial
officials cannot see anything good in
prohibition as it now exists in Omaha.
The chief of police recently called
upon citizens interested in repeal to
demand regulation of beer taverns in
order to ward off the alleged attempt
of drys to defeat liquor regulation in
the hope that repeal will be beaten by
making a “horrible example” of lic
ensed 3.2 beer.
The chief anticipates a dire enforce
ment situation if repeal is defeated.
Liquor will come in floods from other
states, he says, and it will be almost
impossible to enforce prohibition.
Muncipal Judge Neble, of South Oma
ha, recently dismissed a man charged
with unlawful possession of liquor, and
offered to take the arresting officer to
“500 places where liquor is sold
openly.”
Prohibition leaders ridicule the
charge of Omaha officials that there is
a concerted move of dry forces to
make conditions under the present
beer law so unbearable that voters
will defeat the repeal issue.
Elmer E. Thomas, president of the
Keep Nebraska Dry league, fails to
see how these officials could conceive
of prohibitionists encouraging patron
age at beer taverns.
Fear is expressed by State Senator
Paul Halpine, of Omaha, who was one
of the leaders in support of the beer
bill, that the state beer law will be
voided unless repeal is voted. He
says that “the constitution provides
that nil ‘malt, spiritous, vinous, etc.,
liquors shall be forever prohibited
from the state of Nebraska.’ It is
impossible to make beer without malt,
therefore there is only one thing for
the supreme court to do, and that is
hold the beer bill unconstitutional.”
Halpine declares that the reason the
dry organizations haven’t tested the
present beer bill is because of the
fear the reaction would assure repeal.
Four of the six states bordering on
Nebraska now have hard liquor. Kan
sas and South Dakota have yet to
vote on the question. If the dry
amendment is voided in Nebraska
this fall, the legislature meeting early
in will have the task of provid
ing for this state’s resumption of
liquor traffic.
Nebraska is extremely interested in
the Iowa experiment (control thru
state liquor stores) and many would
be state legislators now are studying
the operation of the Iowa law as a
possible guide to Nebraska’s proced
ure in case this state goes wet in
November.
GIST OF THE CAPITOL NEWS:
Nebraska’s two largest penal institu
tions, the state penitentiary and the
men’s reformatory at Lincoln, have
experienced a sizeable reduction in
their populations in recent months.
There are 900 in the penitentiary com
pared with 943 a few months ago,
while the reformatory has 320, or 102
less than the peak reached two years
ago. Prison officials give much of the
! credit to CCC camps and the federal
transient bureaus.
The state normal board will ask the
next legislature for $1,487,560 of tax
funds for maintenance of the four
state normal schools. The total in
cluding cash funds from the four in
stitutions would be $1,736,048. In
1933 the legislature cut the board’s
request by 20 per cent, making a total
of $1,211,036 of tax funds for the,
bienium. •
The Nebraska FERA has been al
lotted $1,987,070 to carry on the
drouth relief, work relief, social ser
| vice and various other activities for
I the month of September. Nebraska
I physicians and surgeons have been
j made a proposition by the FERA
' whereby they may be designated as
' FERA physicians and receive half pay
for medical services given to persons
| on federal relief rolls. This is one of
the methods the government is using
in making its relief dollars stretch
farther.
The state tax commissioner’s office
reports that assessed valuation of tele
phone companies in the state totals
$17,215,012 as compared with $17,
421,318 last year and $18,349,744 in
1932. Telegraph companies were val
ued at $1,339,532 as against $1,314,973
last year. Foreign insurance com
panies were valued at $11,206,741
compared with $17,205,763 a year ago.
Pipe lines are assessed at $6,000,509
compared with $6,320,041 last year.
All personal property is assessed at
$471,691,274 compared with $475,039,
381 last year and $555,295,533 in 1932.
Word comes from Washington lhat
Nebraska CCC workers in the year
ending March 31, improved more than
16,000 acres of Nebraska lands thru
their soil erosion control work, built
660 erosion control dams, reduced fire
hazards over 2,000 acres of timbered
land, improved 3,300 acres of forest
land, and did considerable flood con
trol work.
Scottsbluff county has now been
designated in the emergency drouth
area. That leaves only four counties
in the northeastern part of the state
that are not in the emergency clas
sification.
A study of the results of the prim
ary election in Nebraska reveals an
unusually large percentage of the
nominees for major state offices who
are less than 45 years old. One of
the most interesting races between
“youths” will be run for attorney
general.
R. O. “Dick” Johnson, republican
candidate for attorney general and
well-known Lincoln lawyer, carries an
age senority of nearly 10 years over
his democratic opponent, William
Wright, of Scottsblutf, and yet John
son is just going on 41.
These two candidates have had en
tirely dissimilar careers, Johnson be
ing of a family unknown politically
while Wright's family has figured in
the political news of Nebraska for
many years. His father for example
once held the political plum of U. S.
district judge. Johnson’s father is a
mechanic in the Burlington shops.
Johnson worked five years as a mach
inist’s aprentice in the railroad shops
and lost part of one hand in an acci
dent. Then he got a clerical job and
obtained most of his high school
credits thru night classes. He worked
his way thru university, entering at
the age of 23 and graduating from
law college at 28. After that he had
to build up a law practice on his “own
hook.” He became interested in pol
itics and was twice elected to the
state legislature. During two cam
paigns he was chosen by the repub
lican state committee as a speaker for
gubernatorial candidates, first for Mc
Mullen and next for Weaver.
A few years after he finished uni
versity, Wright was appointed assist
ant attorney general, a position he
now holds.
Anthrax infection has taken a toll
of 220 head of Nebraska cattle al
ready this summer as compared, with
125 head for the same period a year
ago, according to the state bureau of
animal industry. Cases reported have
fallen off sharply in recent weeks
however, and now there ave only 29
quarantines in force in the state com
pared with 3G a year ago.
Tuberculosis testing in cattle got
underway early this month in Nuck
olls county, as provided, for by funds
from the Jones-Connolly bill passed
by the last national legislature. Sim
ilar work will be carried on soon in
additional counties that have so re
quested.
At present feed prices, based on
rations suggested by the college of
■ -■■■' ' —.. —.... ■■
agriculture, it will cost $50 to winter
a dairy cow producing 20 pound of
fat per day; but a cow on a mere
maintenance ration will require $30
worth of feed for the winter, at pre
sent prices, according to M. L. Flack,
extension dairyman *>t the agricul
tural college.
Excavation Shows Holt
County Was Once The
Home of Many Indians
By J. B. O’Sullivan
(Continued from last week.)
In the year 1870 whites found there
was gold in the Blaek Hills and strings
of covered wagons passed the Ponca
camp. The people heard the Sioux
and whites were fighting skirmishes
over the hill country. Now they might
get an honest nights sleep. But no,
there came an order straight from
headquarters to remove the Ponca,
“With their consent,’’ to some Indian
territory down in what is the state of
Oklahoma. This was in the middle of
a hard and heartless winter, but there
was no choice.
Several Ponca chiefs, among them
old Standing Bear, went to Oklahoma
and looked the proposed new home
land over and came back and shook
their heads. There was nothing there
attractive to them. They reported the
water there was not fit for hogs and
that no one should or could live there.
(Continued on page 4, column 5.)
THE (lifforence between
Fiction and Fact is that in
Fiction fortunes are found;
in Fact they are founded.
THE
O’NEILL NATIONAL
BANK
Capital, Surplus and Undivided Profits,
$125,000.00
This bank carries no indebted
ness of officers or stockholders.
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